Antebellum Reform Instructions1. Each student will be assigned a reform

movement

2. Read about the reform in your textbook and take notes (problems, solutions, people, vocabulary)

3. You will group up with 3 other people who have different reforms than you

4. Discuss the different reforms and take notes from each other (this means TALKING not COPYING)

School ReformI. Explain the problem education reformers faced

• Schools were not supported by taxes• Children were not required to attend• Low lower literacy rate, increased poverty & crime• Plantation owners considered education a protected

privilege of the eliteII. Who were the reformers

• Horace MannIII. What did the reformers propose as a solution

• Normal Schools = state sponsored public schools• Minimum 6 months

• Teach manners to lessen crime• Teach literacy to lessen poverty

Temperance

I. Explain the problem temperance reformers faced• Alcohol crime and poverty• Alcohol domestic abuse and child neglect• Alcohol dangerous working conditions

II. Who were the reformers• Neal S. Dow - “Father of Prohibition”• American Temperance Society

III. What did the reformers propose as a solution• Prohibition – want to make alcohol illegal• Temperance – want to promote moderation

By what reasoning is violence related to alcohol

consumption?

What position on the temperance debate do you think the cartoonist holds?

What is happening in this cartoon?

What symbols does the cartoonist use to make a

statement about drinking?

Detect points of view: How do you think the cartoonist feels

about the temperance movement? Explain.

Evaluate: Do you think this cartoon accurately depicts the issues surrounding alcohol use during the 1800s? Explains.

Changes in Cotton ProductionChanges in Cotton ProductionChanges in Cotton ProductionChanges in Cotton Production

18201820

18601860

What invention might caused this change?

Slaves Using the Cotton Slaves Using the Cotton GinGin

Slaves Using the Cotton Slaves Using the Cotton GinGin

I. Explain the conditions slaves faced• Immoral • Slave trade • Harsh conditions of slaves

II. Who were the reformers• Frederick Douglass (published The North Star)• William Lloyd Garrison (published The Liberator)• American Anti-Slavery Society • Angelina & Sarah Grimke

III. What did the reformers propose as a solution• Abolition: end to slavery • Emancipation: freeing enslaved people • Spreading information (newspapers)• ** Underground Railroad

Antislavery

Quilt Patterns as Secret MessagesQuilt Patterns as Secret MessagesQuilt Patterns as Secret MessagesQuilt Patterns as Secret Messages

The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.

http://www.osblackhistory.com/songs.php

http://www.osblackhistory.com/quilts.php

Risks Risks facing facing

runawaysrunaways

Risks Risks facing facing

runawaysrunaways

Women’s Rights

I. Explain the problem women faced• Lack of power / rights; 2nd class citizens – cannot vote, control

property, initiate divorce, make wills, sign contracts• Victims of domestic abuse

II. Who were the reformers• Lucretia Mott• Elizabeth Cady Stanton• Amelia Bloomer • Susan B. Anthony

III. What did the reformers propose as a solution• Suffrage = enfranchisement for women (right to vote)• Seneca Falls Convention “Declaration of Sentiments” • Equality of women in all things