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SHRI RAMDEOBABA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENTNAGPURTechnical Seminar onANTIMATTERGuided By Prof. Sanket R Moharir

Presented By Prasad Rathi 5th Sem - Roll No: 57 Department of Mechanical EngineeringCONTENTSWhy this topic?What is Matter?What is Antimatter?History of AntimatterNatural OccurrenceArtificial ProductionAntimatter StorageAnnihilation100% Efficient ProcessApplicationsProblems & DisadvantagesConclusionReferences

WHY THIS TOPIC?Vast scopeCreating AwarenessEvergreen topic

WHAT IS MATTER?Everything around usConsists of Particles:- Protons Electrons Neutrons

WHAT IS ANTIMATTER?Mirror Images/Opposite of matterConsists Antiparticles:- Antiprotons Antielectrons Antineutrons

NORMAL ATOMANTI ATOMHISTORY OF ANTIMATTER

The modern theory of antimatter begins in . 1928, with a paper by Paul Dirac Dirac realized his version of the Schrdinger . wave equation for electrons was predicting . . the possibility of antielectrons Positrons discovered by Carl Anderson in . . . 1932 Antiprotons discovered in 1955 Antiatoms discovered in 1995 by CERN

NATURAL OCCURANCEMatter & antimatter were created in gigantic Big BangAntiparticles are created everywhere in the universe where high-energy particle collisions take placeRadiation and fusion processes in the sun produce positronsARTIFICIAL PRODUCTIONProduced in Atom Smashers/ Antiproton Decelerators Particles of most atoms are accelerated to very high speeds The particles are aimed and allowed to impact on a target (tungsten) The kinetic energy caused by acceleration is converted into gamma radiation, positrons and antiprotons

IMAGES OF LABS WHERE ANTIMATTER IS ARTIFICIALLY PRODUCED AND EXPERIMENTEDANTIMATTER STORAGECannot be stored in a container made of ordinary matterCan be stored in a trap which has the appropriate configuration of electrical and magnetic fields .

Penning TrapSuper cold, vacuumed, electromagnetic bottle in which charged particles of antimatter can be suspendedCapacity = 1 x 1010 antiprotons/week.

ANNIHILATIONAnnihilation is the process that occurs when a subatomic particle collides with its respective antiparticleEx - Positron + electron = energy Large amounts of energyEnergy Produced = 9 x 1016 J/Kg300 times the fusion reaction at suns core

Ideal energy density For chemical reactions - 1 x 107 J/kgFor nuclear fission - 8 x 1013 J/kgFor nuclear fusion - 3 x 1014 J/kgFor matter-antimatter annihilation - 9 x 1016 J/kgThis represents the highest energy release per unit mass of any known reaction

100% EFFICIENT PROCESS14APPLICATIONSMedical : Medical imaging, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET)Fuel : The reaction of 1 kg of antimatter with 1 kg of matter would produce 1.8 1017 of energyRocket propulsion purposes

PET SCANNER ROCKET PROPULSION

16PROBLEMS & DISADVANTAGESCost : To produce 1 gram of antimatter, CERN would need to spend 100 quadrillion dollars and run the antimatter factory for 100 billion yearsOnly 1 to 10 nanograms produced a yearCurrent trap can only store 1010 antiproton for one weekFor complete antimatter propulsion, 1020 antiprotons needed to be stored

CONCLUSIONPotential of becoming the most efficient source of energy But as the artificial production of antimatter is expensive we still have to wait until we find it naturally In sometime in future we can hope that we will be capable of travelling anywhere inside our galaxy with the help of antimatter spaceships

REFERENCESwww.courses.ae.utexas.eduwww.wiki.answers.comwww.physorg.comwww.cern.web.cern.ch/antimatterwww.synergistictech.comwww.google.comwww.seminars123.comwww.slideshare.comAngles & Demons A novel by Dan Brown

QUESTIONS???21