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AP Euro. Week 2: Renaissance and Reformation. Middle Ages: Main Ideas. In general, content with status quo (lack of progress) Church is center of life Feudal system – no large/powerful govts. Renaissance: Main Ideas. “Rebirth” in French Began in Italy (specifically Florence) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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AP EuroAP Euro
Week 2: Renaissance and Week 2: Renaissance and ReformationReformation
Middle Ages: Main IdeasMiddle Ages: Main Ideas
►In general, content with status quo In general, content with status quo (lack of progress)(lack of progress)
►Church is center of lifeChurch is center of life►Feudal system – no large/powerful Feudal system – no large/powerful
govtsgovts
Renaissance: Main IdeasRenaissance: Main Ideas
►““Rebirth” in FrenchRebirth” in French►Began in Italy (specifically Florence)Began in Italy (specifically Florence)
Rich from trade (ie. Medicis)Rich from trade (ie. Medicis) City-statesCity-states
►Secularism & IndividualismSecularism & Individualism Life is more than a preparation for the Life is more than a preparation for the
hereafterhereafter Important to enjoy life and shape own Important to enjoy life and shape own
destinydestiny
Renaissance ArtRenaissance Art
►Religious themes as well as classical Religious themes as well as classical mythologymythology
►Funded by patronage from Pope and Funded by patronage from Pope and merchantsmerchants
►Artists are recognized for their workArtists are recognized for their work
Medieval ArtMedieval Art
Renaissance Art: Perspective Renaissance Art: Perspective
►TrinityTrinity by Masaccio by Masaccio►Use of Perspective Use of Perspective
and depth and depth painting looks 3-Dpainting looks 3-D
Renaissance Art: RealismRenaissance Art: Realism►Virgin of the Virgin of the
RocksRocks by by Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci (Renaissance (Renaissance Man)Man)
►Uses light, Uses light, shadow, and shadow, and expression to expression to portray realistic portray realistic human emotionshuman emotions
Renaissance SculptureRenaissance Sculpture
►DavidDavid by by MichelangeloMichelangelo
►Classical StyleClassical Style Free-standing, nudeFree-standing, nude
►ProportionalProportional►Captured power & Captured power &
strength of strength of humanityhumanity
Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture
►Greco-Roman Greco-Roman stylestyle SymmetrySymmetry Columns, Columns,
Arches, Arches, DomesDomes
► Cathedral of Santa Maria del Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, designed by BrunelleschiFiore, designed by Brunelleschi
HumanismHumanism
►Literary movement of RenaissanceLiterary movement of Renaissance►Inspired by Ancients (Greeks & Inspired by Ancients (Greeks &
Romans)Romans)►Dante:Dante: Late Middle Ages – wrote Late Middle Ages – wrote
“Divine Comedy” in vernacular“Divine Comedy” in vernacular►Petrarch:Petrarch: “Father of Humanism,” poet “Father of Humanism,” poet►Boccaccio:Boccaccio: Wrote “Decameron” Wrote “Decameron”►Bruni:Bruni: Wrote history of Florence Wrote history of Florence►Machiavelli: Machiavelli: Wrote “The Prince” Wrote “The Prince”
Political theoristPolitical theorist
Northern Renaissance Northern Renaissance HumanismHumanism
►Northern Renaissance occurred in England, Northern Renaissance occurred in England, Germany, etc. after the Italian RenaissanceGermany, etc. after the Italian Renaissance
►Emphasized old religious texts (ie. St. Emphasized old religious texts (ie. St. Augustine) instead of classicsAugustine) instead of classics ““Christian Humanism”Christian Humanism”
►Thomas More:Thomas More: wrote “Utopia,” social wrote “Utopia,” social criticcritic
►Erasmus of Rotterdam:Erasmus of Rotterdam: Wrote “Praise of Wrote “Praise of Folly,” social and relg critic, criticized RCCFolly,” social and relg critic, criticized RCC
New MonarchiesNew Monarchies
►France: Louis XI (Valois) became king France: Louis XI (Valois) became king in 1453in 1453
►England: Henry VII (Tudor) seized England: Henry VII (Tudor) seized throne after War of the Roses (1485)throne after War of the Roses (1485) Established Star ChamberEstablished Star Chamber
►Spain: Ferdinand and Isabella’s Spain: Ferdinand and Isabella’s marriage united Aragon and Castile marriage united Aragon and Castile (1469)(1469)
Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
►Abuses in ChurchAbuses in Church Pope Leo X allowed sale of indulgences to Pope Leo X allowed sale of indulgences to
fund construction of St. Peter’s Basilicafund construction of St. Peter’s Basilica
►Martin LutherMartin Luther Troubled monkTroubled monk 1517 – wrote 95 Theses and posted them 1517 – wrote 95 Theses and posted them
on door of church at Wittenburgon door of church at Wittenburg 1521 – Diet of Worms: tried for criticizing 1521 – Diet of Worms: tried for criticizing
church, excommunicatedchurch, excommunicated
Luther’s TheologyLuther’s Theology
► ““Justification by Faith”Justification by Faith”► Saved by God’s Grace, not by good works or Saved by God’s Grace, not by good works or
sacramentssacraments Kept only 2 sacraments: baptism and massKept only 2 sacraments: baptism and mass
► ““Sola Scriptura” – Bible is only spiritual Sola Scriptura” – Bible is only spiritual authorityauthority Translated Bible into German so all could read itTranslated Bible into German so all could read it
►His ideas inspired Peasant Revolt of 1524-His ideas inspired Peasant Revolt of 1524-15251525
John Calvin’s TheologyJohn Calvin’s Theology
►Predestination: God decides in Predestination: God decides in advanced who will be savedadvanced who will be saved ““The Elect”The Elect” Church government: TheocracyChurch government: Theocracy
►Set up “ideal” religious city in GenevaSet up “ideal” religious city in Geneva ““Protestant Rome”Protestant Rome”