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APA WRITING GUIDELINES www.vanguard.edu/psycholo gy/ Click on APA

Apa guidelines

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Page 1: Apa guidelines

APA WRITING GUIDELINES

www.vanguard.edu/psychology/Click on APA

Page 2: Apa guidelines

General Guidelines

Margins Font size and type SpacingAlignmentParagraph indentationPaginationManuscript page header

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General Guidelines

1 inch all sides12-pt fontTimes Roman or CourierDouble spaceFlush left only

Indent 5-7 spacesPage number 1 inch from right edge First 2 or 3 words of title 5 spaces to left of page number

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Title Page

PaginationKey elementsArticle titleAuthor(s)Institutional affiliationRunning head

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Title Page

Title page is page 1Paper title, author and affiliationTitle - centered uppercase/lowercaseAuthor - Centered following title

Affiliation – centered following author“Running head” – flush left all uppercase Line below page header

Less than 50 characters

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Abstract

PaginationHeadingFormat

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Abstract

Begins page 2Abstract – centered, first line below headerBlock format

Not exceed 120 wordsAll numbers typed as digits

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Body

PaginationTitleIntroductionHeadings

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Body

Body begins page 3Title is centered on first lineIntroduction is not labeled

Main headings – - Centered- Upper/lowercaseSubheadings – underlined – Flush left– Upper/lowercase– 2nd subheading indented 5

spaces, underlined, Upper/lowercase followed by a period.

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Text Citations

Sources are part of the formal structure of the sentenceSources are not part of the formal structure of the sentenceSource has two authorsSource has three, four or five authorsSource has six or more authors

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Ideas & Words of Others

Wirth and Mitchel (1994) found that although…..higher levels of physical and mental health (Gartner, Larson, & Allen, 1991; Koenig, 1990; Levin & Vanderpool, 1991; Payne, Bergin, Bielema & Jenkins, 1991).

Previous are ordered alphabetically by 1st authors’ surname.3-5 authors – all included first time. Second time first author and et al. year.6 or more – “et al.” used every time cited.

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Quotations

Fewer than 40 wordsGreater than 40 words

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Quotations

40 words or less– Enclose in double

quotation marks– Incorporate in sentence…had ”less congestive heart

failure…” (Byrd, 1988, p. 829).

Greater than 40 words- in block format- Each line indented 5

spaces from left margin- No quotation marks

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References

PaginationHeadingFormat

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References

Begins on a new pageReferences centered Hanging indentAlphabetical

Author(s) – use surnames and initialsSeparate authors with commaNo author - title of document beginsYear (1991). - Period

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Examples

Journal articleGuess, K., & Pevoto, A. (2001). Management communication.

Journal of Business, 12, 512-518BookGuess, A. K. (2001). Business communication (2nd ed.), Boston: Allyn

and Bacon.Web Document – univ/dept. web siteDegelman, D., & Harris, M. L. (2000). APA style essentials. Retrieved

May 18, 2000, from Vanguard University, Department of Psychology Web site: http://www.vanguard.edu/faculty/ddegelman/index.cfm?doc id=796

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Examples (Cont’d.)

Web document – no dateNielsen, M. E. (n.d.). Notable people in psychology. Retired August 3, 2001,

from http://www.psywww.com/psyrelig/psyrelpr.htmJournal article from databaseHien,D., & Honeyman, T. (2000). A closer look at drug abuse. Journal of

Interpersonal Violence, 15, 503-522. Retrieved May 20, 2000 from ProQuest database.

Article/chapter in edited bookShen, J. D. (1992). Religion and sexual adjustment. In J. F. Schumaker (Ed.),

Religion and Mental Health (pp. 70-84). New York: Oxford University Press.

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Tables and Figures

Example of: http://www.vanguard.edu/psychology/table.pdf

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Footnotes

Footnotes centered on a separate page.Numbered the same as in the text.