Scientific Notation Patterns 3.0 x 10 3 Moving decimal to the
left 0.3 x 10 4 0.03 x 10 5 Moving decimal to the right 30 x 10 2
300 x 10 1
Slide 9
Finding a Relationship 1% of 100 (10 2 ) is 1 (10 0 ) 1% of
1000 (10 3 ) is 10 (10 1 ) 1% of 1,000,000 (10 6 ) is 10,000 (10 4
) 1% of 1,000,000,000 (10 9 ) is 10,000,000 (10 7 )
Slide 10
Calculations The current global human population is about 6.1
billion and is growing at an annual rate of 1.35 %. If the world
population were to grow at this rate for the next year,
approximately how many people would be added? A.8 x10 5 B.8 x10 6
C.8 x10 7 D.8 x10 8 E.8 x10 9
Slide 11
Answer & Rationale 6.1 x 10 9 = 6,100,000,000 1% 6.1 x 10 7
or 61,000,000 2% 12.2 x 10 7 or 122,000,000 So the answer is
somewhere between 6.1 x 10 7 and 12.2 x 10 7
Slide 12
Scientific Notation Adding & Subtracting (your indices must
be the same) Solve: 2.0 x 10 3 + 1.4 x 10 4 = Solve: 2.0 x 10 3 +
1.4 x 10 4 =Options: A. 2.0 x 10 3 + 14 x 10 3 = 16 x 10 3 = 1.6 x
10 4 Or Or B. 0.20 x 10 4 + 1.4 x 10 4 = 1.6 x 10 4
Slide 13
Scientific Notation Solve: 2.0 x 10 4 - 2.0 x 10 3 Options: A.
20 x 10 3 - 2.0 x 10 3 = -18 x 10 3 = 1.8 x 10 4 B. 2.0 x 10 4 -.2
x 10 4 = 1.8 x 10 4
Slide 14
Multiplying : multiply the numbers and add exponents of the
power of 10 Example: 1.2 x 10 7 x 1.0 x 10 9 = 1.2 x 10 16
Scientific Notation
Slide 15
Dividing: Divide the numbers and subtract the exponents of the
power of 10 Example: 1.2 x 10 16 1.2 x 10 7 = 1.0 x 10 9 Can also
be written 1.2 x 10 16 = 1.0 x 10 9 1.2 x 10 7 1.2 x 10 7
Scientific Notation
Slide 16
The formula for power is voltage times current. A volt * amp is
called a Watt (a common unit used for power). P= V x I V=voltage
(volts) I=current (amps) Using a multi-meter, you measure the
voltage of a solar cell to be 1.5 millivolts and the current to be
0.6 milliamps. What is the power of this solar cell? Practice In
Context
Slide 17
Practice Using a multi-meter, you measure the voltage of a
solar cell to be 1.5 millivolts and the current to be 0.6
milliamps. What is the power of this solar cell? Power = 1.5 x10 -3
v * 0.6 x 10 -3 amps Power = 1.5 x10 -3 v * 0.6 x 10 -3 amps 1.5 x
0.6 = 0.9x 10 -6 W or 9.0x 10 -7 W 1.5 x 0.6 = 0.9x 10 -6 W or 9.0x
10 -7 W 0.9x 10 -6 W =.0000009 W 0.9x 10 -6 W =.0000009 W 9.0x 10
-7 W =.0000009 W 9.0x 10 -7 W =.0000009 W
Slide 18
1.5 millivolts =.0015 0.6 milliamps=.0006 milli= 10 -3 or 10
e-3 kilo= 10 3 or 10 3 Clarification
Slide 19
Its the Law! Energy is NEVER created or destroyed ONLY
TRANSFORMED The Law of Conservation of Energy Mathematically what
does that mean? 200 joules = 100 joules + 100 joules = 12 joules +
10 joules + 178 joules
Slide 20
ENERGY IN = ENERGY OUT Energy Quality Energy Quality Before
Transformation = After Transformation 200 joules = Starting Energy
100 joules + 100 joules = chemical energy + heat energy
Slide 21
The 10% Rule
Slide 22
Calculations If an incandescent light bulb used in a house lamp
has an efficiency rating of 5%, then for every 1.00 joule of
electrical energy consumed by the bulb, which of the following is
produced? a) 1.05 joules of energy b) 1.05 joules of heat energy c)
0.95 joules of light energy d) 0.05 joules of light energy e) 0.05
joules of heat energy
Slide 23
Explanation a) 1.05 joules of energy b) 1.05 joules of heat
energy cannot be greater than what was put in (1.0 joule) c) 0.95
joules of light energy means 95% of what you put in went to light;
5% to heat d) 0.05 joules of light energy e) 0.05 joules of heat
energy means 95% of what you put in went to light; 5% to heat
Slide 24
Other Calculations After 200 million years, only 1/16 of the
original amount of a particular radioactive waste will remain. The
half-life of this radioactive waste is how many million years?
Slide 25
Half-life 1 - -- 1/8- 1/16 How many half lives? 200 million 4
(number of half-lives)= 50 million yrs
Slide 26
Half-life After 120 million years, only 1/8 of the original
amount of a particular radioactive waste will remain. The half-life
of this radioactive waste is how many million years? 1 - -- 120
million 3 (number of half-lives)= 40 million years
Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C 8 H 18 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O
Burning of Natural Gas (Methane) CH 4 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Burning
fossil fuels
Slide 29
Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C8H18 + O2 CO2 + H2O C C H H O O
Burning fossil fuels
Slide 30
Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C8H18 + O2 CO2 + H2O C 16 C 16 H
36 H 36 H 36 H 36 O 50 O 32+18=50 Burning fossil fuels 25 2
1618
Slide 31
Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C8H18 + O2 CO2 + H2O Burning of
Natural Gas (Methane) CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Burning fossil fuels 25 2
1618
Slide 32
Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C8H18 + O2 CO2 + H2O Burning of
Natural Gas (Methane) CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Burning fossil fuels 25 2
1618 2 2
Slide 33
Calculations Biomass provides the nation with 3.28 quads of
energy. How many quads of biomass energy are provided by wood and
wood waste?
Slide 34
WHEN WORDS ARE NUMBERS When Uranium atoms split, they give off
heat. This heat produces high pressure steam that is used to turn a
turbine in a nuclear power plant. Each year, the nations 100
nuclear power plants generate 796 bkWh of electricity- roughly 20%
of the total US electricity production. How much electricity does
the average US nuclear power plant generate each month?
Slide 35
WHEN WORDS ARE NUMBERS Each year, the nations 100 nuclear power
plants generate 796 bkWh of electricity- roughly 20% of the total
US electricity production. How much electricity does the average US
nuclear power plant generate each month? EACH PLANT AVERAGES: 796
bkWh/100 = 7.96 bkWh per year 796 bkWh/100 = 7.96 bkWh per year
EACH PLANT AVERAGES: 7.96 bkWh/12= 0.66 bkWh per month 7.96
bkWh/12= 0.66 bkWh per month
Slide 36
Energy Units 1. Btu (British thermal unit) 2. cal (calorie) or
kilocalorie (kcal) 3. J (joule) 4. W (watt) 5. Hp (horsepower) 6. Q
(Quad) www.lander.edu/rlayland/Chem%20103/chap_12.ppt