APLICATII ALE FASCICULELOR GAMMA PENTRU

PRODUCTIADE RADIOIZOTOPI MEDICALI

Dana NiculaeHoria Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear

Engineering, IFIN-HH, Romania

• Peste 10.000 spitale in intreaga lume utilizeaza radioizotopi in medicina, aprox 90% sunt proceduri de diagnostic (10% radioterapie sistemica)

• Peste 80% din procedurile de diagnostic utilizeaza Tc-99m.

• Peste 40 mil proceduri de medicina nucleara anual; cererea de radioizotopi creste constant cca 5% anual.

• In tarile dezvoltate (26% din populatia lumii) frecventa procedurilor de medicina nuclera in diagnostic este1,9% /an

• In USA se efectueaza peste 20 mil proceduri anual / 311 mil locuitori, iar in Europa 10 mil / 500 mil locuitori.

• Piata globala de radioizotopi a fost $4.8 mld in 2012, din care radioizotopii medicali reprezinta aprox 80%, sieste estimat sa atinga $8 mld in 2017.

(World Nuclear Association, http://www.world-nuclear.org updated September 2016)

Estimates of worldwide use (per 100,000 people) of nuclear cardiology procedures. Dominique Delbeke, and George M. Segall J Nucl Med 2011;52:24S-28S

(c) Copyright 2014 SNMMI; all rights reserved

Statistica – aplicatii ale radioizotopilorin medicina nucleara

Incidenta procedurilor de diagnostic imagistic

Source: Natural Resources Canada, 2009.

Frecventa procedurilor de medicinanucleara cu Tc-99m

Source: http://www.arpansa.gov.au

ELI–NP GBS Layout

e– RF LINAC

Low Energy

300 MeV

e– RF LINAC

Low Energy

300 MeV

Interaction Laser

Low Energy

Interaction Laser

Low Energy Photo–gun

Laser

Photo–gun

Laser

Photo–gun

e– source

Photo–gun

e– sourceLow Energy Gamma Beam

< 3.5 MeV

Low Energy Gamma Beam

< 3.5 MeV

ELI–NP GBS Layout

e– RF LINAC

Low Energy

300 MeV

e– RF LINAC

Low Energy

300 MeV

Interaction Laser

High Energy

Interaction Laser

High Energy

Interaction Laser

Low Energy

Interaction Laser

Low Energy Photo–gun

Laser

Photo–gun

Laser

e– RF LINAC

High Energy

720 MeV

e– RF LINAC

High Energy

720 MeV

Photo–gun

e– source

Photo–gun

e– sourceHigh Energy Gamma Beam

< 19.5 MeV

High Energy Gamma Beam

< 19.5 MeV

ELI–NP GBS Parameters

Energy (MeV) 0.2 – 19.5

Spectral Density (ph/s·eV) > 0.5·104

Bandwidth rms (%) ≤ 0.5

# photons per pulse within FWHM

bdw.

~105

# photons/s within FWHM bdw. 108 – 109

Source rms size (µm) 10 – 30

Source rms divergence (µrad) 25 – 200

Peak brilliance

(Nph/sec·mm2·mrad2·0.1%)

1020 – 1023

Radiation pulse length rms (ps) 0.7 – 1.5

Linear polarization (%) > 95

Macro repetition rate (Hz) 100

# pulses per macropulse 32

Pulse–to–pulse separation (nsec) 16

Ee–

θL = 8o

EL = 2.3 eV

Eγγγγ < 19.5 MeV

laser

γγγγ–ray beame–

Medicina Personalizata

Predictabilitate Diagnostic Informatie Tratament

Care sunt provocarile majore in cercetarea medicala?

Care sunt cerintelemajore ale medicinii moderne ?

Cerinte

• Imagistica• Diagnostic precoce

• Monitorizarea terapiei

Imagini de inaltacalitate/rezolutie

Doza scazuta de

iradiere

Dezvoltarea tehnologiei inclusiv a tehnicilor de imagistica hibride,Introducerea de noi radiofarmaceutice pentru diagnostic/terapie – noi radioizotopiDezvoltarea imagisticii moleculare bazate pe procese biochimice, biomolecule,metabolism celular si principiile trasorilor radioactivi

Provocari

Cerinte• TerapieDoza mare de energie livrata localizat (in celula tumorala vs organecritice/adiacente/normale) Diminuarea efectelor secundare

Provocari

Tintire specificitateEficienta selectivitateMonitorizare a terapiei

Cancer therapy demonstrated with 90Y–ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)Peter Conti, University of Southern California –NCI Report 2008