Appendix A Technical Review Panel - National Center for ... · RTI International . 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 . Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 . Voice: (919) 541-7006

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report A-1

Appendix A Technical Review Panel

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Appendix A. Technical Review Panel


2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08) Technical Review Panel1

1 The contact information and positions listed here reflect the current information as of September 1, 2009.

National Technical Review Panel Clifford Adelman Senior Associate The Institute for Higher Education Policy 1320 19th Street, NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20036 Voice: (202) 861-8223 Email: [email protected]

Gary Andeen Executive Director Oregon Independent Colleges Association 7150 Southwest Hampton Street Suite 101 Portland, OR 97223 Voice: (503) 639-4541 Email: [email protected]

Frank Balz Vice President for Research & Policy Analysis National Association of Independent Colleges

& Universities (NAICU) 1025 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 Voice: (202) 785-8866 Email: [email protected]

Eric Bettinger Associate Professor Stanford School of Education CERAS 522, 520 Galvez Mall Stanford, CA 94305 Voice: (650)736-7727 Email: [email protected]

Jack Buckley Associate Professor of Applied Statistics and

Applied Psychology New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and

Human Development 82 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 Voice: (240) 481-9809 Email: [email protected]

Nancy Coolidge Coordinator, Government Relations University of California Office of the President 1111 Franklin Street, # 9104 Oakland, CA 94607-5200 Voice: (510) 987-9535 Email: [email protected]

John Curtice Assistant Vice Chancellor for Financial Aid and

Enrollment Policy State University of New York State University Plaza Albany, NY 12246 Voice: (518) 443-5474 Email: [email protected]

Christopher Furgiuele Content Manager, Institutional Research University of California Office of the President 1111 Franklin St., 11th Floor Oakland, CA 94607 Voice: (510) 987-9883 Email: [email protected]

Tricia Grimes Research Analyst Minnesota Office of Higher Education 1450 Energy Park Drive, Suite 350 St. Paul, MN 55108 Voice: (651) 259-3964 Email: [email protected]

Tammy Halligan Senior Compliance Specialist Career College Association 10 G Street, NE, Suite 750 Washington, DC 20002-4213 Voice: (202)336-6839 Email: [email protected]


A-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Albert Hermsen Director, Office of Student Financial Aid Wayne State University 42 West Warren Avenue – P.O. Box 2340 Detroit, MI 48202 Voice: (313) 577-3533 Email: [email protected]

Jacqueline King Director, Center for Policy Analysis American Council on Education One Dupont Circle, NW Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 Voice: (202) 939-9559 Email: [email protected]

Bridget Long Associate Professor of Education and

Economics Harvard Graduate School of Education Appian Way Cambridge, MA 02138 Voice: (617) 496-4355 Email: [email protected]

Colleen O’Brien Director Pell Institute 1025 Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 1020 Washington, DC 20005 Voice: (202) 638-2887 Email: [email protected]

James Palmer Professor Illinois State University 105 Centennial Avenue 5900 Educational Administration and

Foundations Normal, IL 61790-5900 Voice: (309) 438-2041 Email: [email protected]

Laura Perna Associate Professor University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education 3700 Walnut, Room 424 Philadelphia, PA 19104-6216 Voice: (215) 746-2522 Email: [email protected]

Kent Phillippe Senior Research Associate American Association of Community Colleges One Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 410 Washington, DC 20036 Voice: (202) 728-0200 Email: [email protected]

Kenneth Redd Director, Research and Policy Analysis National Association of College and University

Business Officers (NACUBO) 1110 Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 Voice: (202) 861-2527 Email: [email protected]

Pat Smith Senior Research and Policy Analyst American Association of State Colleges and

Universities (AASCU) 1307 New York Avenue, NW, Fifth Floor Washington, DC 20005 Voice: (202) 293-7070 Email: [email protected]

Dawn Terkla Executive Director Tufts University Institutional Research 28 Sawyer Avenue Medford, MA 02155 Voice: (617) 627-3274 Email: [email protected]



Vincent Tinto Distinguished Professor Syracuse University School of Education 350 Huntington Hall Syracuse, NY 13244-2340 Voice: (315) 443-4763 Email: [email protected]

U.S. Department of Education and Other Federal Panelists

Nabeel Alsalam Congressional Budget Office Ford House Office Building Room 423A Washington, DC 20515 Voice: (202) 225-2639 Email: [email protected]

David Bergeron Chief, Budget and Policy Development U.S. Department of Education Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) 1990 K St., NW – Room 8022 Washington, DC 20006-8540 Voice: (202) 502-7815 Email: [email protected] Sharon Boivin Senior Technical Advisor US Department of Education, National Center

for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8101 Washington, DC 20202 Voice: (202) 502-7627 Email: [email protected]

Margaret Cahalan Policy Analyst U.S. Department of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, SW FOB-6, Room 6W118 Washington, DC 20202 Voice: (202) 401-1679 Email: [email protected]

Daniel Goldenberg U.S. Department of Education Office of the Deputy Secretary 400 Maryland Avenue – Room 5W308 Washington, DC 20202 Voice: (202)401-3562 Email: [email protected]

James Griffith Postsecondary Longitudinal and Sample

Survey Studies Postsecondary Studies Division U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8103 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7387 Email: [email protected]

Lisa Hudson U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7358 Email: [email protected]

Tracy Hunt-White Project Officer, BPS U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K St., NW – Room 8121 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202)502-7438 Email: [email protected]

Daniel Madzelan Management Analysis Officer U.S. Department of Education 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8036 Washington, DC 20006-8073 Voice: (202) 502-7816 Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]�



Rochelle Martinez Office of Management and Budget 725 17th Street, NW Room 10202 NEOB Washington, DC 20503 Voice: (202) 395-3147 Email:

[email protected]

Elise Miller IPEDS Program Director US Department of Education, National Center

for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8113A Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7318 Email: [email protected]

Jay Noell Program Analyst U.S. Department of Education Office of the Deputy Secretary 400 Maryland Avenue, SW – Room 6W116 Washington, DC 20202-8036 Voice: (202) 401-1026 Email: [email protected]

Kristin Perry Statistician U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8113A Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7428 Email: [email protected]

David Smole Specialist in Education Policy Congressional Research Service 101 Independence Ave., SE Washington, DC 20540-7440 Voice: (202) 707-0624 Email: [email protected]

Ted Socha B&B Project Officer US Department of Education, National Center

for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 8130 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7383 Email: [email protected]

Matthew Soldner Research Analyst American Institutes for Research 1990 K Street, NW Fifth Floor Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 403-6562 Email: [email protected]

Tom Weko Associate Commissioner, Postsecondary

Studies Division U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K St., NW – Room 8099 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7643 Email: [email protected]

John Wirt Statistician U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW – Room 9028 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7478 Email: [email protected]

Linda Zimbler Project Officer, NSOPF U.S. Department of Education, National

Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW – Room 8123 Washington, DC 20006-5652 Voice: (202) 502-7481 Email: [email protected]



TRANSCRIPTS John Bishop Associate Professor of Human Resource

Studies Cornell University, ILR School 161 Ives Faculty Building Department of Human Resource Studies Ithaca, NY 14853-3901 Voice: (607) 257-1402 Email: [email protected]

Sara Goldrick-Rab Assistant Professor of Educational Policy

Studies and Sociology University of Wisconsin-Madison 1025 West Johnson Street #575K Wisconsin Center for Education Research Madison, WI 53706 Voice: (608) 265-2141 Email: [email protected]

Terry Ishitani Assistant Professor The University of Memphis 101 Wilder Tower Educational Psychology and Research Memphis, TN 38152 Voice: (901) 678-2841 Email: [email protected]

Nimmi Kannankutty Senior Analyst National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 965 Arlington, VA 22230 Voice: (703) 292-7797 Email: [email protected]

Nancy Leach Program Director, Human Resources Statistics National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 965 Arlington, VA 22230 Voice: (703) 292-7768 Email: [email protected]

Laura LoGerfo HSLS:09 Project Officer US Department of Education, NCES 1990 K Street NW – Room 9022 Washington, DC 20006 Voice: (202) 502-7402 Email: [email protected]

Alexander McCormick Director, National Survey of Student

Engagement Indiana University 1900 East Tenth Street Eigenmann Hall, Suite 419 Bloomington, IN 47406 Voice: (812) 856-4435 Email: [email protected]

Contractors KGS Daniel Heffron Statistician KGS 2750 Prosperity Ave., Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22031 Voice: (703) 245-7388 Email: [email protected]

MPR Associates Lutz Berkner Senior Research Associate MPR Associates 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]

Emily Forrest Cataldi Research Associate MPR Associates, Inc. 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]



Susan Choy President MPR Associates, Inc. 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]

Laura Horn Director, Statistical Analysis and Data Design MPR Associates 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]

Alexandria Radford Research Associate MPR Associates, Inc. 2401 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Suite 410 Washington, DC 20037 Voice: (202) 478-1027 Email: [email protected]

Christina Wei Senior Research Associate MPR Associates, Inc. 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]

Jennie Woo Senior Research Associate MPR Associates, Inc. 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800 Berkeley, CA 94704 Voice: (510) 849-4942 Email: [email protected]

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA)

Meihua Zhai Director of Research and Policy Analysis National Association of Student Financial Aid

Administrators (NASFAA) 1101 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 1100 Washington, DC 20036 Voice: (202) 785-6952 Email: [email protected]

RTI International Janet Austin Project Administration Specialist RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-7101 Email: [email protected]

Michael Bryan Research Education Analyst RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-7498 Email: [email protected]

Melissa Cominole Research Education Analyst RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 990-8456 Email: [email protected]

Kristin Dudley Research Programmer Analyst RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-6855 Email: [email protected]



John Riccobono Vice President, Education Studies Division -

Survey and Computing Sciences RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-7006 Email: [email protected]

Peter Siegel Senior Research Statistician RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-6348 Email: [email protected] Jennifer Wine Director, Longitudinal Studies Program RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Voice: (919) 541-6870 Email: [email protected]


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report B-1

Appendix B Sampling Details


Appendix B. Sampling Details


B.1 Target Population and Sample Design Overview The NPSAS:08 target population consisted of all eligible students enrolled at any time

between July 1, 2007, and June 30, 2008, in eligible postsecondary institutions in the United States or Puerto Rico. For institutions to be eligible for the study, they had to have signed Title IV participation agreements with the U.S. Department of Education, making them eligible for federal student aid programs. For students to be eligible for the study, they had to have been

• enrolled in an academic program or taken at least one course for credit applicable toward an academic degree, or

• enrolled in an occupational or vocational program that required at least 3 months or 300 clock hours of instruction for receipt of a degree, certificate, or other formal award.

Students were ineligible if they were concurrently enrolled in high school or enrolled solely in a General Educational Development (GED) program or other high school completion program. The target population is the population about which inferences will be made. The survey population is the population actually covered by the sampling frame. Nearly all members of the target population also are members of the survey population; however, the adopted definition of survey population allowed the student lists required for sample selection to be obtained before June. More specific definitions of the institutional and student populations are provided later in this appendix.

There have been four changes in the design of NPSAS over time. For NPSAS:2000, the survey was restricted for the first time to institutions participating in Title IV student aid programs. Another design change was made, beginning with NPSAS:90, to improve full-year estimates. NPSAS:87 sampled students enrolled in the fall (October); however, NPSAS:90 sampled students who were enrolled at four discrete points in time: summer (August), fall (October), winter (February), and spring (June). Since implementation of NPSAS in 1993, institutions have been asked to provide one list representing students enrolled at any time during the respective financial aid award year. In NPSAS:87 and NPSAS:90, because students were sampled in the fall, it was difficult to determine which students were enrolled for the full academic year. Another difference to note is that Puerto Rico was not part of the sample in NPSAS:87. Finally, beginning with NPSAS:04, state-representative samples were included for a subset of states.

An overview of the sequential statistical sampling process for NPSAS:08 is provided in figure B-1. The goal of all sampling activities was to obtain the numbers of eligible sample postsecondary students (within specified student and institutional types) required by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Because it was necessary to select the student samples on a flow basis as sample institutions provided their enrollment lists (to meet the data collection schedule), the students were sampled at fixed rates. Under this approach, the actual numbers of students sampled are random variables; however, the sampling rates were set to meet or exceed the sample sizes shown in tables B-1 and B-2.


B-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Figure B-1. Sequence of NPSAS:08 sampling operations: 2008

Construct sampling frame from 2004–05 IPEDS files

Phase 1

Select initial institution sample for field test and full-

scale studies

Phase 2

Freshen full-scale institution sample

Phase 3

Augment full-scale institutional sample for state-representative

samples

Phase 4

Select full-scale student sample

Stratify 6,610 eligible institutions by institutional control, institutional level,

highest level of offering, and proportion of bachelor’s degrees awarded in

education

Select probabilities-proportional-to-size sample of 1,630

institutions

Select probabilities-proportional-to-size sample of 10 institutions

Stratify 170 newly eligible institutions by institutional control, institutional level, highest level of offering, and proportion of bachelor’s degrees

awarded in education

Construct sampling frame for sample freshening from

2005–06 IPEDS file

Select probabilities-proportional-to-size supplemental sample of

institutions in six states for a total sample size of 1,960 institutions

Stratify institutions in six states by institutional control,

institutional level, and degree-granting status

Receive enrollment lists from 1,730 of 1,940 eligible institutions

Verify institution eligibility and request student lists

Use fixed rates to sample 137,800 students within institutions from up to

20 student strata per participating eligible institution

NOTE: IPEDS = Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table B-1. Target numbers of sample students, by institutional and student type: 2008

Type of institution

All students

Undergraduates

Graduate students

First-professionals All Bachelor’s Other

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

Number expected

Number achieved

Percent achieved

All institutions 138,050 137,800 99.8 124,980 125,110 100.1 30,890 29,470 95.4 94,090 95,650 101.7 11,020 10,760 97.7 2,050 1,920 93.9

Public less-than-2-year 2,200 1,730 78.7 2,200 1,730 78.7 † † † 2,200 1,730 78.7 † † † † † †

Public 2-year 39,500 39,340 99.6 39,500 39,330 99.6 † 100 † 39,500 39,230 99.3 † 10 † † † †

Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting 13,920 16,120 115.8 12,660 15,440 122.0 4,750 5,890 123.9 7,910 9,550 120.8 1,270 680 53.7 † † †

Public 4-year doctorate-granting 32,900 30,280 92.0 28,620 25,490 89.0 13,740 11,610 84.5 14,880 13,880 93.2 3,640 4,210 115.7 640 590 92.0

Private not-for-profit less-than-4-year 2,340 2,080 88.5 2,340 2,080 88.5 † 10 † 2,340 2,070 88.2 † † † † † †

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting 15,320 14,200 92.7 12,770 12,840 100.5 6,340 5,550 87.5 6,430 7,290 113.3 2,540 1,360 53.4 † 10 †

Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting 14,690 16,480 112.2 9,840 10,860 110.4 4,840 4,660 96.4 5,000 6,200 123.9 3,440 4,290 124.7 1,410 1,330 94.0

Private for-profit less-than-2-year 6,620 6,610 99.9 6,620 6,610 99.9 † † † 6,620 6,610 99.9 † † † † † †

Private for-profit 2-year-or-more 10,540 10,960 103.9 10,430 10,740 103.0 1,220 1,640 134.9 9,210 9,100 98.8 130 210 169.8 † † †

† Not applicable. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table B-2. Target numbers of sample students in the six state-representative samples, by institutional stratum and type of student: 2008

All undergraduates Baccalaureates Other undergraduates Number

expected Number

achieved Percent

achieved Number

expected Number

achieved Percent

achieved Number

expected Number

achieved Percent

achieved California 12,140 11,150 91.8 2,400 2,210 92.0 9,740 8,940 91.8

Public 2-year 5,920 5,370 90.8 † † † 5,920 5,370 90.8 Public 4-year 3,510 3,470 98.8 1,570 1,490 94.5 1,940 1,980 102.3 Private not-for-profit 4-year 1,360 1,260 92.3 670 560 83.2 690 700 101.3 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,060 78.1 160 170 105.1 1,190 890 74.5

Georgia 8,340 9,120 109.3 1,450 2,230 153.6 6,890 6,890 100.0

Public 2-year 4,240 4,170 98.4 † † † 4,240 4,170 98.4 Public 4-year 1,460 1,930 132.0 660 1,410 215.1 810 520 64.6 Private not-for-profit 4-year 1,290 1,360 105.4 640 640 100.8 650 720 109.8 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,660 122.8 160 180 112.0 1,190 1,480 124.0

Illinois 7,000 7,500 107.1 1,520 1,680 110.5 5,480 5,820 106.1

Public 2-year 2,740 2,760 100.5 † † † 2,740 2,760 100.5 Public 4-year 1,610 1,640 101.9 720 710 98.8 890 930 104.4 Private not-for-profit 4-year 1,300 1,680 128.6 640 720 112.1 660 950 144.6 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,430 106.1 160 250 157.6 1,190 1,180 99.2

Minnesota 7,770 9,220 118.6 1,470 1,850 126.1 6,310 7,370 116.8

Public 2-year 3,630 4,640 127.7 † † † 3,630 4,640 127.7 Public 4-year 1,540 2,190 142.2 690 1,210 176.2 850 970 114.5 Private not-for-profit 4-year 1,250 1,140 90.8 620 470 76.3 630 670 105.1 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,260 93.1 160 160 103.2 1,190 1,090 91.6

New York 10,470 10,880 103.9 2,480 2,590 104.4 7,990 8,310 104.0

Public 2-year 4,160 4,180 100.6 † † † 4,160 4,180 100.6 Public 4-year 2,890 2,780 96.2 1,300 1,080 83.4 1,600 1,700 106.6 Private not-for-profit 4-year 2,080 2,380 114.7 1,030 1,190 116.2 1,050 1,190 113.2 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,540 114.1 160 300 188.6 1,190 1,240 104.0

Texas 8,220 7,560 92.1 2,150 1,730 80.7 6,070 5,830 96.0

Public 2-year 2,560 2,430 94.9 † † † 2,560 2,430 94.9 Public 4-year 3,050 2,710 88.7 1,370 1,060 77.1 1,680 1,650 98.2 Private not-for-profit 4-year 1,250 1,100 88.0 620 460 75.0 630 640 100.8 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,350 1,320 97.9 160 210 133.5 1,190 1,110 93.0

† Not applicable. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



The student sample was designed so that the sample size for each sample institution was at least 10 students, if possible. This allowed for an approximate yield of four student respondents from each sample. This requirement ensured stable variance estimates. Consequently, institutional sample sizes were set to achieve at least 10 sample students per institution. In addition, NPSAS included state-representative undergraduate student samples for four types of institution (public 4-year; public 2-year; private, not-for-profit, 4-year; and private, for-profit, degree-granting) in six states.1

Because of the student sample size goals, in addition to the state augmentation, the desired number of participating institutions was determined to be approximately 1,620. Based on projected institutional participation rates obtained in prior NPSAS rounds and the NPSAS:08 field test, a total sample of about 1,960 institutions was selected.

B.2 The Institutional Sample The target population for NPSAS:08 included nearly all Title IV participating postsecondary

institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To be eligible for NPSAS:08, an institution, during the 2007–08 academic year, had to have

• offered an educational program designed for persons who had completed secondary education;

• offered at least one academic, occupational, or vocational program of study lasting at least 3 months or 300 clock hours;

• offered courses that were open to persons other than the employees or members of the company or group (e.g., union) that administered the institution;

• been located in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, or Puerto Rico;

• been other than a U.S. Service Academy;2

• signed a Title IV participation agreement with the U.S. Department of Education.

and

Institutions providing only avocational, recreational, or remedial courses or only in-house courses for their own employees were excluded. The listed eligibility requirements matched those used in previous NPSAS rounds, with two exceptions: (1) the Title IV participation requirement began with NPSAS:2000, and (2) a requirement that more than just correspondence courses be offered ended with NPSAS:04.

B.2.1 Sample Frame Construction The institutional sampling frame for NPSAS:08 was constructed from the 2004–05

Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS:2004-05) Institutional Characteristics, Fall Enrollment, and Completions files. The IPEDS files provided nearly complete coverage of the

1 These 6 states were selected on the basis of size of undergraduate enrollment in the four sectors; prior inclusion in the NPSAS:04 12-state sample, with high levels of cooperation and participation in that survey; and inclusion of states with different or recent changes in tuition and state grant policies, which would provide opportunities for comparative research and analysis. The six states were California, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, and Texas. 2 These academies were not eligible for this financial aid study because of their unique funding/tuition base.



institutions in the target population.3

These IPEDS file exclusions eliminated some categories of ineligible institutions; however, additional deletion from this file was required. Starting with the 7,000 “institutions” in this database, records were deleted to yield a sampling frame containing 6,610 institutions appearing, on the basis of their 2004–05 IPEDS data, to be eligible for NPSAS:08. Deletions included (1) administrative units; (2) U.S. service academies; (3) institutions outside the United States and Puerto Rico; (4) institutions offering no programs of at least 300 content hours; (5) closed institutions; (6) institutions not open to the public; and (7) institutions not eligible for Title IV funding.

Listings included (1) all institutions whose primary purpose was the provision of postsecondary education; (2) all branches of colleges, universities, and other institutions, so long as the branch offered a full program of study (not just courses); (3) free-standing medical schools, as well as schools of nursing, schools of radiology, and the like, within hospitals; and (4) schools that offered occupational and vocational training with the intent of preparing students for work (e.g., a modeling school training for professional modeling—not just a charm school). The IPEDS files do not include (1) schools not open to the general public (i.e., training sites at prisons, military installations, corporations); (2) hospitals offering internships or residency programs only, or hospitals that offer training only as part of a medical school program at an institution of higher education; (3) organizational entities providing only noncredit continuing education units; (4) schools whose only purpose is to prepare students to take a particular test, (e.g., Certified Public Accountant examination or state Bar examinations); or (5) branch campuses of U.S. institutions in foreign countries. Institutions in the file that were not eligible (e.g., institutions located outside the United States and Puerto Rico, central offices, military academies) were deleted from the sampling frame.

Because enrollment data were necessary to compute measures of size for sample selection, the unduplicated annual enrollment from the 2005 IPEDS Fall Enrollment Survey data were edited, imputed, or both to eliminate missing data. Missing undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional enrollments were set to zero for institutions that did not offer that level of instruction, and missing baccalaureate award counts were set to zero for institutions not offering bachelor’s degrees. Sets of records were identified for which the enrollment data were reported with another institution’s. In such cases, the combined enrollment data were allocated equally to all institutions in the set, with the exception that if a “parent” institution was identified, that institution was assigned double the enrollment of the “children” institutions. For institutions with any missing enrollments, enrollment was imputed in accordance with the IPEDS methodology.

The institutions on the sampling frame were partitioned into 46 institutional strata based on institutional level and control, highest level of offering, and proportion of bachelor’s degrees awarded in education.4

3 The target population includes students enrolled at any time between July 1, 2007, and June 30, 2008. The IPEDS data used for the initial sampling frame were collected in 2005, and the IPEDS data used for sample freshening (described in section 2.1.2) were collected in 2006. Thus, any institutions that came into existence or became eligible between the IPEDS data collections in 2006 and June 30, 2008, were not included.

NPSAS:08 also included state-representative undergraduate student samples for four degree-granting-institution sectors in six states: (1) public 2-year institutions; (2) public 4-year institutions; (3) private, not-for-profit, 4-year institutions; and (4) private, for-profit

4 The proportion of bachelor’s degrees awarded in education is used to ensure sufficient numbers of sample students receiving a bachelor’s degree in education. Such students are an important analysis domain for the Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B).



institutions.5

1. public less-than-2-year;

The 46 institutional strata—22 nationally representative and 24 state representative—were as follows:

2. public 2-year; 3. public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

bachelor’s high education; 4. public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

bachelor’s low education; 5. public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

master’s high education; 6. public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

master’s low education; 7. public 4-year doctorate-granting high

education; 8. public 4-year doctorate-granting low

education; 9. public 4-year first-professional-granting

high education; 10. public 4-year first-professional-granting

low education; 11. private not-for-profit less-than-2-year; 12. private not-for-profit 2-year; 13. private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting bachelor’s high education;

14. private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education;

15. private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education;

16. private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education;

17. private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting high education;

18. private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting low education;

19. private not-for-profit 4-year first-professional-granting high education;

20. private not-for-profit 4-year first-professional-granting low education;

21. private for-profit less-than-2-year; 22. private for-profit 2-year-or-more; 23. California public 2-year; 24. California public 4-year; 25. California private not-for-profit 4-year; 26. California private for-profit degree-granting; 27. Texas public 2-year; 28. Texas public 4-year; 29. Texas private not-for-profit 4-year; 30. Texas private for-profit degree-granting; 31. New York public 2-year; 32. New York public 4-year; 33. New York private not-for-profit 4-year; 34. New York private for-profit degree-granting; 35. Illinois public 2-year; 36. Illinois public 4-year; 37. Illinois private not-for-profit 4-year; 38. Illinois private for-profit degree-granting; 39. Georgia public 2-year; 40. Georgia public 4-year; 41. Georgia private not-for-profit 4-year; 42. Georgia private for-profit degree-granting; 43. Minnesota public 2-year; 44. Minnesota public 4-year; 45. Minnesota private not-for-profit 4-year; and 46. Minnesota private for-profit degree-granting.

High education refers to the 20 percent of institutions with the highest proportions of their baccalaureate degrees awarded in education.6

5 These six states were selected on the basis of undergraduate enrollment numbers in the four sectors; prior inclusion in the NPSAS:04 12-state sample, with high levels of cooperation and participation in that survey; and interstate variation or statewide recent changes in tuition and state grant policies, which enable comparative research and analysis. The six states were California, Georgia, Illinois, New York, Minnesota, and Texas.

The remaining 80 percent of institutions were classified as low education, meaning they had a lower proportion of baccalaureate degrees awarded in education.

6 This was based on the 2004–05 IPEDS Completions file. (The 2005–06 IPEDS Completions file was used for institutions included due to freshening.)



B.2.2 Selecting Student Sample It was necessary to allocate the student sample to the separate applicable institutional

(defined above) and student sampling strata. The 20 student sampling strata were as follows:

• in-state potential baccalaureate recipients who were business majors;

• out-of state potential baccalaureate recipients who were business majors;

• in-state potential baccalaureate recipients who were science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) majors and Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent (SMART) Grant recipients;

• out-of-state potential baccalaureate recipients who were STEM majors and SMART Grant recipients;

• in-state potential baccalaureate recipients who were STEM majors and not SMART Grant recipients;

• out-of-state potential baccalaureate recipients who were STEM majors and not SMART Grant recipients;

• in-state potential baccalaureate recipients in all other majors who were SMART Grant recipients;

• out-of state potential baccalaureate recipients in all other majors who were SMART Grant recipients;

• in-state potential baccalaureate recipients in all other majors who were not SMART Grant recipients;

• out-of state potential baccalaureate recipients in all other majors who were not SMART Grant recipients;

• in-state other undergraduate students who were SMART Grant recipients;

• out-of-state other undergraduate students who were SMART Grant recipients;

• in-state other undergraduate students who were Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) recipients;

• out-of-state other undergraduate students who were ACG recipients;

• in-state other undergraduate students who were not SMART Grant or ACG recipients;

• out-of-state other undergraduate students who were not SMART Grant or ACG recipients;

• master’s students;

• doctoral students;

• other graduate students; and

• first-professional students.

These 20 strata are most easily conceptualized in groups presented graphically (figure B-2).



Potential baccalaureate recipients were students identified by the institution as having received or as expecting to receive a baccalaureate degree between July 1, 2007, and June 30, 2008. These students were stratified separately from other undergraduate students because they were oversampled to allow for sufficient numbers to be surveyed in the 2009 and 2012 follow-up B&B series (B&B:08/09/12). Potential baccalaureate recipients and other undergraduate students were each divided into in-state and out-of-state strata because undergraduate, in-state students were oversampled in the six states with state-representative samples. These in-state and out-of-state strata were used for all institutions to allow for sampling ease and consistency; however, in states without state-representative samples, in-state students were sampled at the same rate as out-of-state students. Additionally, SMART Grant recipients, ACG recipients, and potential baccalaureate STEM majors were oversampled to allow for sufficient numbers for analysis. A large percentage of baccalaureate recipients major in business, so within the set of potential baccalaureate recipients, business majors were undersampled to ensure that the baccalaureate sample did not consist primarily of business majors. In determining the allocation, the following notation was used:

r = 1, 2, . . . , 46 indexes the previously defined institutional strata;

s = 1, 2, 3, . . . , 20 indexes the previously defined student strata;

j = 1, 2, . . . , J(r) indexes the institutions within stratum r;

Mrs(j) = number of students enrolled during the NPSAS year who belonged to student stratum s at the jth institution in institutional stratum r;

mrs = number of students to be selected from student stratum s within the rth institutional stratum (i.e., student stratum rs); and

πr(j) = probability of selecting the jth institution in institutional stratum r.

The overall population sampling rate (frs) for student stratum rs is given by

( )+= rsrsrs Mmf / ,

where

( ) ( )∑=

=+)(

1

rJ

jrsrs jMM .



Figure B-2. NPSAS:08 student sampling strata: 2008

Undergraduate students

Potential baccalaureate

Other undergraduate

Business major Other majorSTEM major

Master’s students

Doctoral students

Other graduate students

First-professional

students

In-state

Out-of-state

In-state

Out-of-state

In-state

Out-of-state

SMART Grant recipient

Not SMART Grant recipient

In-state

Out-of-state

In-state

Out-of-state


Not SMART Grant recipient


In-state

Out-of-state

ACG recipient

In-state

Out-of-state

Neither SMART Grant nor ACG

recipient

In-state

Out-of-state

NPSAS:08 student sample

Graduate students

NOTE: ACG = Academic Competitiveness Grant; SMART = Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent Grant; STEM = science, technology, engineering, or mathematics. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



The student sample was allocated to the separate applicable institutional and student sampling strata, as defined above. Student sampling rates, which were used to compute institution-level composite measures of size, were based on the 2004 IPEDS Fall Enrollment Survey counts and the required sample sizes (see tables B-1 and B-2). The initially computed stratum-level student sampling rates, frs (used to define institutional measures of size), are shown in tables B-3 and B-4. Table B-3 presents the sampling rates for baccalaureates and other undergraduate students for each of the 22 national strata and the 24 state strata. The institutions included in the national sample were selected from all 46 strata, whereas the institutions included in the state samples were selected only from the 24 institution strata. Table B-4 presents sampling rates for master’s, doctoral, other graduate, and first-professional students. The IPEDS files do not provide separate counts for master’s, doctoral, and other graduate students; therefore, the partitioning of total graduate enrollment into these three categories was based on NPSAS:04 data.

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Table B-3. Undergraduate student sampling rates, by institutional stratum: 2008

Institutional stratum1

Undergraduate students Potential bachelor’s recipients Other undergraduates

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Total 1,530,403 0.019 29,470 19,844,323 0.005 95,650

Public less-than-2-year † † † 80,587 0.021 1,730 Public 2-year 1,296 0.054 70 5,615,222 0.003 15,690 Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s high education 4,134 0.039 160 58,703 0.005 300 Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education 14,753 0.028 420 190,160 0.006 1,060 Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education 26,798 0.016 420 157,890 0.005 800 Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education 111,581 0.016 1,730 775,719 0.004 3,360 Public 4-year doctorate-granting high education 44,136 0.019 850 239,298 0.004 1,000 Public 4-year doctorate-granting low education 138,696 0.019 2,580 779,858 0.004 3,250 Public 4-year first-professional-granting high education 68,448 0.013 900 409,391 0.004 1,450 Public 4-year first-professional-granting low education 256,994 0.014 3,490 1,164,651 0.004 4,440 Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year † † † 28,451 0.017 480 Private not-for-profit 2-year † † † 89,781 0.018 1,590 Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s high

education 14,822 0.020 300 79,576 0.005 380

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education 43,452 0.007 300 245,452 0.002 400 Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education 23,209 0.009 200 139,842 0.002 280 Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education 105,266 0.027 2,850 555,211 0.007 3,830 Private not-for-profit public 4-year doctorate-granting high education 12,845 0.011 140 80,786 0.002 200 Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting low education 36,418 0.017 620 158,862 0.006 1,000 Private not-for-profit first-professional-granting high education 41,193 0.021 870 175,737 0.006 1,080 Private not-for-profit 4-year first-professional-granting low education 63,276 0.014 880 243,805 0.006 1,480 Private for-profit less-than-2-year † † † 442,007 0.015 6,610 Private for-profit 2-year-or-more 27,942 0.014 380 966,751 0.002 2,100

California

Public 2-year † † † 2,176,196 0.002 5,370 Public 4-year 113,518 0.013 1,490 425,492 0.005 1,980 Private not-for-profit 4-year 32,068 0.017 560 121,702 0.006 700 Private for-profit degree-granting 8,654 0.020 170 144,521 0.006 890

See notes at end of table.

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Table B-3. Undergraduate student sampling rates, by institutional stratum: 2008—Continued


Undergraduate students Potential bachelor’s recipients Other undergraduates

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Georgia Public 2-year † † † 231,051 0.018 4,170 Public 4-year 25,248 0.056 1,410 166,250 0.003 520 Private not-for-profit 4-year 9,852 0.065 640 43,083 0.017 720 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,722 0.105 180 24,792 0.060 1,480

Illinois

Public 2-year † † † 698,972 0.004 2,760 Public 4-year 32,903 0.022 710 134,712 0.007 930 Private not-for-profit 4-year 27,634 0.026 720 118,624 0.008 950 Private for-profit degree-granting 6,857 0.036 250 79,193 0.015 1,180

Minnesota

Public 2-year † † † 162,645 0.029 4,640 Public 4-year 18,878 0.064 1,210 104,475 0.009 970 Private not-for-profit 4-year 11,610 0.040 470 40,821 0.016 670 Private for-profit degree-granting 629 0.254 160 25,851 0.042 1,090

New York

Public 2-year 97 0.206 20 396,162 0.011 4,180 Public 4-year 46,898 0.023 1,080 290,900 0.006 1,700 Private not-for-profit 4-year 63,946 0.019 1,190 292,742 0.004 1,190 Private for-profit degree-granting 2,730 0.110 300 72,050 0.017 1,240

Texas

Public 2-year † † † 864,644 0.003 2,430 Public 4-year 70,293 0.015 1,060 413,930 0.004 1,650 Private not-for-profit 4-year 20,461 0.022 460 89,097 0.007 640 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,146 0.183 210 48,679 0.023 1,110

† Not applicable. 1 Stratum reflects institutional categorization as determined from the 2004–05 and 2005–06 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System files; some errors in this classification were uncovered when institutions were contacted. 2 Based on the 2004–05 IPEDS files. (Institutions that were selected through freshening are based on the 2005–06 IPEDS files.) NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table B-4. Graduate and first-professional student sampling rates, by institutional stratum: 2008

Graduate students First-professional students


Master’s students Doctoral students Other graduate students Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Total 2,726,750 0.002 6,530 231,350 0.016 3,760 141,666 0.003 470 367,962 0.005 1,920

Public less-than-2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 2-year 1,489 0.001 1 146 # # 84 0.012 # † † † Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

bachelor’s high education † † † † † † 4,136 # # † † †

Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education

229 0.022 10 20 0.051 1 1,164 0.001 # † † †

Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education

43,255 0.002 100 † † † 3,539 0.002 10 † † †

Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education

179,680 0.001 190 † † † 9,120 0.003 30 † † †

Public 4-year doctorate-granting high education

68,729 0.002 140 2,481 0.021 50 3,940 0.005 20 32 0.063 #

Public 4-year doctorate-granting low education

213,708 0.002 410 21,192 0.014 300 13,502 0.004 50 † † †

Public 4-year first-professional-granting high education

134,731 0.002 220 12,789 0.013 170 4,366 0.003 20 20,077 0.004 80

Public 4-year first-professional-granting low education

386,484 0.002 590 67,285 0.014 970 14,751 0.004 50 88,976 0.004 330

Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Private not-for-profit 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-

granting bachelor’s high education † † † † † † 333 0.003 # † † †

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education

74 0.013 1 † † † 659 0.003 # † † †

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education

47,658 0.001 40 † † † 3,710 0.001 10 † † †

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education

167,190 0.004 680 2 5.445 10 7,839 0.004 30 † † †

Private not-for-profit public 4-year doctorate-granting high education

35,117 0.002 80 2,450 0.011 30 684 0.003 # † † †

Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting low education

146,688 0.003 490 9,998 0.014 140 5,042 0.003 20 † † †

Private not-for-profit first-professional-granting high education

100,171 0.004 440 9,215 0.025 230 4,475 0.005 20 29,406 0.009 280


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Table B-4. Graduate and first-professional student sampling rates, by institutional stratum: 2008—Continued

Graduate students First-professional students


Master’s students Doctoral students Other graduate students Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Size of

universe2 Sampling

rate Sample

size Private not-for-profit 4-year first-professional-

granting low education 161,668 0.003 560 23,489 0.022 510 9,746 0.003 30 100,448 0.006 560

Private for-profit less-than-2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Private for-profit 2-year-or-more 133,902 0.000 50 3,719 0.003 10 1,645 0.007 10 950 0.001 1

California

Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 120,329 0.002 200 10,193 0.015 150 2,485 0.008 20 8,359 0.004 30 Private not-for-profit 4-year 104,418 0.003 360 14,115 0.013 180 16,459 0.001 20 27,298 0.006 160 Private for-profit degree-granting 15,188 0.001 10 663 # # 1,154 0.003 # 462 # #

Georgia

Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 34,219 0.001 50 3,433 0.031 110 3,213 0.004 10 3,262 0.004 10 Private not-for-profit 4-year 11,212 0.006 60 1,087 0.035 40 615 0.008 10 5,690 0.008 50 Private for-profit degree-granting 5,358 0.001 10 228 # # 668 0.003 # 357 # #

Illinois

Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 56,489 0.002 120 4,740 0.016 70 928 0.006 10 4,762 0.004 20 Private not-for-profit 4-year 88,972 0.005 420 5,269 0.014 70 1,475 0.007 10 14,747 0.004 60 Private for-profit degree-granting 15,207 0.001 10 589 0.012 10 765 0.007 10 † † †

Minnesota

Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 23,037 0.002 40 3,324 0.010 30 1,745 0.005 10 4,344 0.005 20 Private not-for-profit 4-year 21,429 0.005 100 717 0.014 10 2,388 0.002 10 4,370 0.009 40 Private for-profit degree-granting 35,950 0.001 40 4,350 0.011 50 1,726 0.001 # † † †

New York

Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 69,188 0.002 130 6,404 0.030 190 7,089 0.003 20 4,774 0.008 40 Private not-for-profit 4-year 150,553 0.005 690 9,701 0.020 200 9,257 0.002 20 26,882 0.006 160 Private for-profit degree-granting 1,739 0.003 10 † † † † † † † † †


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Table B-4. Graduate and first-professional student sampling rates, by institutional stratum: 2008—Continued

Graduate students

First-professional students


Master’s students Doctoral students Other graduate students

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Size of universe2

Sampling rate

Sample size

Texas Public 2-year † † † † † † † † † † † † Public 4-year 119,011 0.002 180 10,607 0.018 190 2,018 0.010 20 12,224 0.004 50 Private not-for-profit 4-year 29,812 0.004 120 3,135 0.008 30 809 0.006 10 10,542 0.003 30 Private for-profit degree-granting 3,866 0.001 10 6 # # 134 0.007 # † † †

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Stratum reflects institutional categorization as determined from the 2004–05 and 2005–06 IPEDS files; some errors in this classification were uncovered when institutions were contacted. 2 Based on the 2004–05 and 2005–06 IPEDS files. (Institutions that were selected through freshening are based on the 2005–06 IPEDS files.) NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. The state-representative samples were of undergraduate students and not graduate and first-professional students. Therefore, graduate and first-professional students were sampled at similar rates as in the other states. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



The composite measure of size for the jth institution in stratum r was then defined to be

( ) ( )∑=

=7

1srsrsr jMfjS ,

which is the number of students that would be selected from the jth institution if all institutions on the frame were to be sampled.7

With use of Chromy’s (1979) sequential probability minimum-replacement sampling algorithm, which resembles systematic sampling, an independent sample of institutions was selected for each institutional stratum. This algorithm led to the selection of institutions with probabilities proportional to a composite measure of size based on expected enrollment. Initially a sample of 1,630 institutions was selected in August 2006 so that these institutions could be notified of their selection early and a separate field test sample could be selected from the remaining institutions on the sampling frame. To avoid multiple selections of sample institutions, those with expected frequencies of selection greater than unity (1.00) were selected with certainty. The remainder of the institutional sample was selected from the remaining institutions within each stratum. To ensure the positive pairwise probabilities of selection required for proper variance estimation (Chromy 1981), the sampling algorithm was implemented with a random start for each institutional stratum. Therefore, the probability of selection for the jth institution in institutional stratum r is given by

where

( ) ( )( )

∑=

=+rJ

jrr jSS

1

,

and nr is the number of noncertainty selections from stratum r.

In July 2007 the sample was freshened with use of the IPEDS:2005–06 Institutional Characteristics, Fall Enrollment, and Completions files; any newly eligible institutions in the sampling frame were in this way included to ensure representativeness of the current student population. The measures of size for the supplemental sampling frame from which the freshened sample was selected were based on the IPEDS:2005–06 Fall Enrollment Survey counts. The sample size for freshened institutions was set so that they would have similar probabilities of selection as if they had been selected in the original sample. This minimized the chance of unequal student weights and variance estimates due to different probabilities of selection. This process added about 10 institutions to the sample.

In summer 2007, augmentation of the NPSAS:08 full-scale sample was undertaken to include state-representative samples of undergraduate students in four sectors from six states. This augmentation enabled state-level analyses and comparisons of many of the most pertinent issues in postsecondary financial aid and costs. The choice of states for the sample augmentation was based on several considerations:

7 Initially, the number of student strata were conceptualized to be 7. The student strata were then expanded to 20, when oversamples of STEM majors and ACG and SMART Grant recipients were added after the optimization process had been completed.



• Undergraduate enrollment numbers were considered in four sectors: (1) public 2-year institutions; (2) public 4-year institutions; (3) private, not-for-profit 4-year institutions; and (4) private, for-profit institutions. Tuition and grant policies in the states with the largest enrollments had the greatest effect on national patterns and trends; their representation in a national sample was already so large that the cost of sample augmentation was relatively low.

• Prior inclusion in the NPSAS:04 12-state sample and high levels of cooperation and participation in that survey were considered. States’ participation in NPSAS is not mandatory, so institutional cooperation is necessary to achieve the response rates and yields required for reliable estimates. Smaller states that were willing and helpful in NPSAS:04 and achieved high yields and response rates were considered more likely than others to cooperate currently.

• States were considered when they had different tuition and state grant policies from other states or had recent changes in these policies; these states would provide opportunities for comparative research and analysis.

With these considerations as criteria, the sample was augmented for six states: California, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, and Texas.

Sample selection for the state-representative institutional samples adhered to guidelines regarding the number of schools in a given sector. For instance, if a sector within a state contained 36 or fewer institutions then all institutions were selected. If a sector within a state contained more than 36 institutions then 30 were selected. It was sometimes necessary to select all institutions in a sector within a state to adequately represent state-level systems. In order to augment the original institutional sample to allow for state representation, three scenarios were possible:

1. The original institutional sample contained a sufficient number of institutions within each sector, so no additional institutions were needed.

2. If a sector within a state had more than 36 institutions but the original sample did not contain a sufficient number of institutions to be representative, the original sample was discarded and a new sample was selected. Statistically, this method was the cleanest, in terms of computing probabilities of selection and not introducing additional variance.

3. If a sector within a state had 36 or fewer institutions and the original sample did not contain all 36, the institutions not included in the original sample were added to the augmented sample. In some cases, a sector within a state may have had more than 36 institutions but it was necessary to select all of the institutions in the sector to adequately represent state-level systems. In these cases, all institutions not included in the original sample were added to the augmented sample.



Table B-5 shows the institutional sampling rates and the numbers of certainty and noncertainty institutions selected for each of the 22 national strata and the 24 state strata. Within each institutional stratum, additional implicit stratification8 was accomplished by sorting the stratum sampling frame by the following classifications: (1) level of for-profit 2-year-or-more institutions; (2) Historically Black Colleges and Universities indicator; (3) Hispanic-serving-institution indicator; (4) Carnegie classifications of postsecondary institutions; (5) the Office of Business Economics region (Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce region);9 and (6) the institutional measure of size. Further implicit stratification within region and by state and system was completed for some state systems, the objective being to approximate proportional representation of institutions on these measures.10

8 Implicit stratification is the process in which substrata are created by sorting the data within stratum when using the probability minimum replacement sampling algorithm.

9 For sorting purposes, Alaska and Hawaii were combined with Puerto Rico in the Outlying Areas region rather than in the Far West region. 10 The implicit stratification within region and by state and system was completed on the initial institutional sample before the decision was made to have state-representative samples.



Table B-5. Institutional sampling rates and number of certainty and noncertainty institutions sampled, by institutional stratum: 2008

Institutional stratum1,2 Size of

universe3 Sampling

rate Number of sample institutions Total Certainty Noncertainty

Total 6,777 0.29 1,960 1,030 930

Public Less-than-2-year 247 0.09 20 # 20 2-year 835 0.23 190 30 160 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s high education 16 0.63 10 # 10 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education 48 0.52 30 10 20 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education 36 0.50 20 # 20 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education 152 0.41 60 10 50 4-year doctorate-granting high education 23 1.00 20 20 # 4-year doctorate-granting low education 73 1.00 70 70 # 4-year first-professional-granting high education 28 1.00 30 30 # 4-year first-professional-granting low education 96 1.00 100 100 #

Private not-for-profit

Less-than-2-year 102 0.07 10 # 10 2-year 224 0.06 10 # 10 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s high education 74 0.19 10 # 10 4-year non-doctorate-granting bachelor’s low education 278 0.10 30 # 30 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s high education 88 0.18 20 # 20 4-year non-doctorate-granting master’s low education 323 0.58 190 80 110 4-year doctorate-granting high education 29 0.31 10 # 10 4-year doctorate-granting low education 95 0.33 30 # 30 First-professional-granting high education 58 1.00 60 60 # 4-year first-professional-granting low education 260 0.30 80 40 40

Private for-profit

Less-than-2-year 1,476 0.07 100 # 100 2-year-or-more 1,029 0.08 80 10 80

California

Public 2-year 114 0.65 70 30 50 Public 4-year 33 1.00 30 30 # Private not-for-profit 4-year 96 0.36 40 20 10 Private for-profit degree-granting 106 0.28 30 10 20




Table B-5. Institutional sampling rates and number of certainty and noncertainty institutions sampled, by institutional stratum: 2008—Continued

Institutional stratum1,2 Size of

universe3 Sampling

rate Number of sample institutions Total Certainty Noncertainty

Total 1,187 0.67 790 570 220

Georgia Public 2-year 54 1.00 50 50 # Public 4-year 21 1.00 20 20 # Private not-for-profit 4-year 29 1.00 30 30 # Private for-profit degree-granting 24 1.00 20 20 #

Illinois

Public 2-year 48 0.63 30 10 20 Public 4-year 12 1.00 10 10 # Private not-for-profit 4-year 64 0.47 30 10 20 Private for-profit degree-granting 28 1.00 30 30 #

Minnesota

Public 2-year 31 1.00 30 30 # Public 4-year 11 1.00 10 10 # Private not-for-profit 4-year 27 1.00 30 30 # Private for-profit degree-granting 31 1.00 30 30 #

New York

Public 2-year 38 1.00 40 40 # Public 4-year 38 1.00 40 40 # Private not-for-profit 4-year 139 0.41 60 30 30 Private for-profit degree-granting 42 0.71 30 20 10

Texas

Public 2-year 64 0.47 30 10 20 Public 4-year 44 0.86 40 30 10 Private not-for-profit 4-year 48 0.63 30 20 10 Private for-profit degree-granting 45 0.67 30 20 10

# Rounds to zero. 1 Institutional stratum reflects institutional categorization as determined from the 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) file; some errors in this classification were uncovered when institutions were contacted. 2 Each institutional stratum is mutually exclusive. 2 Based on the 2004–05 IPEDS file. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to total due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



B.3 The Student Samples The initial student sample was selected from lists provided by approximately 1,730 of the

1,940 eligible institutions. Sample members were considered eligible to participate in NPSAS:08 if they attended a NPSAS-eligible institution during the 2007–08 academic year and were

• enrolled in either (1) an academic program or at least one course for credit that could be applied toward fulfilling the requirements for an academic degree, or (2) an occupational or vocational program that required at least 3 months or 300 clock hours of instruction for the student to receive a degree, certificate, or other formal award;

• not concurrently enrolled in high school; and

• not enrolled solely in a GED or other high school completion program.

B.3.1 Construction of Sampling Frames The sampling frames for selecting students were enrollment lists provided by the eligible

sample institutions for students meeting eligibility criteria and enrolled during the 2007–08 academic year.

Each sampled institution verified as NPSAS-eligible was asked to provide a list of all students who satisfied all the NPSAS:08 eligibility conditions, preferably an “unduplicated” electronic list (i.e., one in which each student’s name appeared only once), together with identifying, classifying, and locating information (see section 2.4.2). Institutions were allowed to fax a list to a secure location as a last resort and only after the institution submitted a test of nonsensitive data.

The NPSAS:08 student sample of 138,000 included an augmentation of about 5,000 additional recipients of SMART Grants and ACGs to ensure sufficient numbers of these students for analysis relating to these new sources of student financial aid. The U.S. Department of Education provided a file of SMART Grant recipients so that students on the enrollment lists could be matched to this file and identified as recipients. Some schools did not have fall 2007 SMART Grant or ACG recipients in the file, but data were available on SMART Grant or ACG recipients from the previous school year.

Several checks on quality and completeness of student lists were implemented before the sample students were selected. Institutions providing lists that failed these checks were contacted so the detected problems could be resolved. Enrollment lists failed quality control checks under the following conditions:

• baccalaureates were not identified in 4-year institutions (unless the institution enrolled only graduate/first-professional students or explicitly indicated that no baccalaureates existed in the school); or

• student level—undergraduate, master’s, doctoral, other graduate, or first professional—was not clearly identified.

Quality checks on counts for baccalaureate students were performed separately from checks on counts for the rest of the students. The unduplicated potential baccalaureate counts were checked against the unduplicated counts of bachelor’s degrees awarded according to the IPEDS Completions Survey. The check failed if the count for any unduplicated list was 50 percent less than or 75 percent greater than the IPEDS count. The list counts were expected to exceed the IPEDS counts because the list counts were of expected baccalaureate recipients while the IPEDS counts



were of actual baccalaureate recipients. The unduplicated counts of other undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional students were checked against the unduplicated annual enrollment counts from the IPEDS Fall Enrollment Survey.11

B.3.2 Student Sample Selection

The check failed if the count for any unduplicated list differed by at least 50 percent from the IPEDS count.

As student lists were received from institutions, students were sampled by means of stratified systematic sampling with predetermined sampling rates that varied by student stratum.

For each institution, the student sampling rates, rather than the student sample sizes, were set to fixed values

• to facilitate sampling students on a flow basis as student lists were received; and

• because sampling at a fixed rate based on the overall stratum sampling rates and the institutional probabilities of selection results in approximately equal overall probabilities of selection within the ultimate institution-by-student strata.

Some institutional systems sent in lists for multiple institutions or campuses. If the lists were separate for each institution or campus, then the samples were selected separately and independently. If the lists were combined into one list with no identifier mapping students to institution or campus, then one student sample was selected that represented all of the institutions or campuses on the list. In such cases, sampling rates were adjusted, and a weight adjustment was made (see section 6.1.1).

To eliminate cross-institution duplication, the Social Security numbers (SSNs) of those students selected from institutions were compared with SSNs of students who had already been selected from other institutions. Multiplicity adjustments in the sample weighting (described in more detail in section 6.2.1) accounted for the fact that any students who attended more than one institution during the NPSAS year had more than one chance of selection.

The development of student sampling rates within student stratum rs (i.e., the rth institutional stratum and the sth student stratum within the institutional stratum) were previously discussed in section B.2.2; the same notation will apply here.

For the unconditional probability of selection to be a constant for all eligible students in stratum rs, the overall probability of selection should be the overall student sampling fraction, frs; in essence, it must be required that

( )( ) ( )π =rs

r rsrs

m jj f

M j,

or equivalently,

( ) ( )( )

rsrs rs

r

M jm j f

jπ= .

Thus, the conditional sampling rate for stratum “rs,” given selection of the jth institution, becomes

( )jff rrsj|rs π= .

11 The IPEDS Fall Enrollment Survey collects fall enrollment counts as well as an unduplicated annual enrollment count.



It should be noted that, in this case, the desired overall student sample size, ms, is achieved only in expectation over all possible samples.

Achieving the desired sample sizes with equal probabilities within strata in the particular sample that has been selected and simultaneously adjusting for institutional nonresponse and ineligibility requires that

( )∑ =

Rjrsrs mjm

ε,

where R denotes the set of eligible, responding institutions. Letting the conditional student sampling rate for stratum rs in the jth institution be

( )jf̂f̂ rrsj|rs π= ,

then requires

( )( ) rs

Rj r

rsrs m

jjMf =∑

ε πˆ ,

or, equivalently,

rsrsrs M̂mf̂ = ,

where

( )

( )j

jM

M̂r

Rjrs

rs π=

∑ε .

Because setting student sampling rates was necessary before complete information on institutional eligibility and response status was available, rsM̂ was calculated as follows:

( )( )∑

ε π=

Sj r

rsrs Rr*Er*

jjM

M̂ ,

where S denotes the set of all sample institutions, Er is the institutional eligibility factor for institutional stratum r, and Rr is the institutional response factor for institutional stratum r. These factors were the proportions of institutions expected to be eligible or responding within the defined strata. Because this determination was made after eligibility status had already been determined for some institutions, values of zero (known not eligible) or 1 (known eligible) were used, if known at that time.

These sampling rates were sometimes modified as follows:

• To ensure sufficient yield for variance estimation, student sampling rates were increased, as necessary and if possible, to make the sample size at each sample institution at least 10 sample students.

• Student sampling rates were decreased if the sample size was greater than 300.



• To ensure that the desired student sample sizes were achieved, sample yield was monitored throughout enrollment list collection, and student sampling rates were adjusted periodically for institutions for which sample selection had not yet been performed.

These adjustments to the initial sampling rates resulted in some additional variability in the student sampling rates and therefore in some increase in survey design effects (variance inflation; see section 6.4.3).

The planned and achieved sample sizes are reported by student stratum and level of offering (table B-6). Also reported is the initial classification of the student sample overall and by institutional type and student type (table B-7). The achieved sample yield of 137,800 was close to the targeted 138,050 because institutional participation rates were correctly estimated and the sampling rates throughout the sampling process were persistently monitored and adjusted. Overall, more baccalaureates, other undergraduate students, and doctoral students were selected into the sample than planned, with fewer ACG, master’s, and other graduate students than planned (for details about sample allocation, see section B.4).

The sample size for NPSAS:08 is larger than that for past NPSAS studies. The first reason for the increased sample size was to ensure sufficient yield for analytic purposes. The sample size was designed so that respondent yield would be sufficient for analyses even if actual response rates were lower than the targeted rates. Second, NCES wanted one weight in order to make the data easier for analysts to use. The NPSAS:08 sample was augmented to include representative samples of ACG and SMART Grant recipients. Also, as previously mentioned, NPSAS:08 includes state-representative undergraduate student samples for four types of institutions (public 2-year; public 4-year; private, not-for-profit 4-year; and private, for-profit, degree-granting) in six states. A larger overall sample size was necessary to achieve state-representative samples in addition to the nationally representative sample.



Table B-6. Planned and achieved NPSAS:08 student samples, by student stratum and level of offering: 2008

Student stratum1 Institutional level2

Students sampled

Number expected3

Number achieved4 Percent5

Total All institutions 138,050 137,800 99.8

Baccalaureate business 4-year 2,500 3,270 131 Baccalaureate STEM and SMART Grant 4-year 3,270 4,660 142.7 Baccalaureate STEM and no SMART Grant 4-year 2,840 3,100 109.1 Baccalaureate neither STEM nor SMART Grant 4-year 170 280 164.5 Baccalaureate other 4-year 22,120 18,000 81.4 Baccalaureate all 2-year # 150 #

Other undergraduate SMART Grant Subtotal 580 1,310 226.1 Less-than-2-year # # # 2- to 3-year 10 190 1,745.50 4-year 570 1,110 196.3

Other undergraduate ACG Subtotal 3,590 2,520 70.2 Less-than-2-year # 20 # 2- to 3-year 1,780 600 33.4 4-year 1,800 1,900 105.3

Other undergraduate Subtotal 89,920 91,820 102.1 Less-than-2-year 9,310 8,790 94.4 2- to 3-year 40,390 42,510 105.3 4-year 40,230 40,520 100.7

Master’s 4-year 7,880 6,530 82.8 Doctoral 4-year 3,100 3,760 121.5 Other graduate 4-year 40 470 1,128.60 First-professional 4-year 2,050 1,920 93.9 # Rounds to zero. 1 As expected, the sampling frames misclassified some individual students with respect to baccalaureate, undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional status; statistics presented in this table are based on the sampling frame classification. The in-state and out-of-state strata have been combined, and the STEM majors who were SMART Grant recipients and the STEM majors who were not SMART Grant recipients were combined. 2 Institutional level is based on level confirmed by the institution during school contacting. 3 Based on sample allocation and 2004–05 IPEDS file enrollment counts. 4 The student sample was drawn from 1,730 eligible institutions determined to be eligible and providing enrollment lists. 5 Percent reported reflects the ratio of “achieved” to “expected.” NOTE: Numbers may not sum to total due to rounding. ACG = Academic Competitiveness Grant; IPEDS = Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. SMART = Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent; STEM = science, technology, engineering, or mathematics. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table B-7. Initial classification of NPSAS:08 student sample, by institutional characteristics and student type: 2008

Institutional characteristics

Total sample1 Student sampling type2

Number Percent

Baccalaureate Other

undergraduate Graduate First-professional Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

All institutions 137,800 100.0 29,470 100.0 95,650 100.0 10,760 100.0 1,920 100.0 Institutional level

Less-than-2-year 8,820 6.4 # # 8,810 9.2 # # # .01 2-year 43,460 31.5 150 0.5 43,300 45.3 10 # # .01 4-year non-doctorate-granting 37,930 27.5 12,950 44.0 22,880 23.9 2,080 19.3 20 1.1 4-year doctorate-granting 47,590 34.5 16,360 55.5 20,650 21.6 8,680 80.7 1,900 98.8

Institutional control

Public 87,470 63.5 17,600 59.7 64,390 67.3 4,900 45.5 590 30.6 Private not-for-profit 32,760 23.8 10,220 34.7 15,560 16.3 5,650 52.5 1,330 69.3 Private for-profit 17,570 12.7 1,640 5.6 15,710 16.4 210 2.0 # 0.1

Type of institution

Public less-than-2-year 1,730 1.3 # # 1,730 1.8 † † † # Public 2-year 39,340 28.5 100 0.3 39,230 41.0 10 # # 0.1 Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting 16,120 11.7 5,890 20.0 9,550 10.0 680 6.3 # 0.1 Public 4-year doctorate-granting 30,280 22.0 11,610 39.4 13,880 14.5 4,210 39.2 590 30.4 Private not-for-profit less-than-4-year 2,080 1.5 10 # 2,070 2.2 # # # # Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting 14,200 10.3 5,550 18.8 7,290 7.6 1,360 12.6 10 0.4 Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-

granting 16,480 12.0 4,660 15.8 6,200 6.5 4,290 39.9 1,330 69.0 Private for-profit less-than-2-year 6,610 4.8 # # 6,610 6.9 # # # 0.1 Private for-profit 2-year-or-more 10,960 8.0 1,640 5.6 9,100 9.5 210 2.0 # 0.1

# Rounds to zero. 1 The student sample was drawn from 1,730 eligible institutions that provided enrollment lists. 2 As expected, the sampling frames misclassified some individual students as to baccalaureate, undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional status; statistics presented in this table are based on the sampling frame classification. 3 The 10 baccalaureate strata have been combined, the 6 other undergraduate strata have been combined, and the master’s, doctoral, and other graduate strata have been combined. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study.



B.4 Determining Sample Sizes and Sampling Rates Institutional and student sample sizes and sampling rates were determined for NPSAS:08 by

means of cost/variance optimization procedures to determine the allocation that would maximize the inferences supported by the design while minimizing data collection costs. The sample allocation was first determined as if all sample institutions would participate.

The cost/variance sample-optimization process consisted of the following steps:

1. Precision requirements were established for key estimates.

2. Institution-level and student-level sampling strata were developed to support the key estimates.

3. A cost model was developed.

4. A relative variance model was developed.

5. The optimum sample allocation was determined.

Each of these steps of the cost/variance optimization process is discussed below.

B.4.1 Precision Requirements for Key Estimates The precision goal for NPSAS:08 was to achieve relative standard errors (RSEs) of 10

percent or less and comparable to or less than NPSAS:04 for key national estimates for the full population, undergraduate students, and graduate/first-professional students and to achieve RSEs of 10 percent or less and comparable to or less than NPSAS:2000 for key national estimates for baccalaureate recipients. The cost/variance optimization process was not conducted for state estimates for NPSAS:08, as it was for NPSAS:04. In NPSAS:04 the actual sample yield was insufficient in many of the states, especially the smaller states; therefore, for NPSAS:08 sample sizes were set on the basis of the research team’s NPSAS:04 experience. It was estimated that approximately 1,200 respondents per state were required in the 4-year and for-profit sectors and 2,000 respondents were required in the public 2-year sector in order to yield a sufficient number of full-time, dependent, low-income undergraduates—the subset of students of particular relevance for the study of postsecondary access.

The key estimates were estimated on the basis of acquired knowledge of the NPSAS data, how the data would be used for analysis, and what data were most important. A total of 607 precision constraints were developed for national-level student estimates. These estimates (outcomes) by domain are shown in table B-8.

B.4.2 Institution-Level and Student-Level Sampling Strata The 22 institution-level sampling strata used for the NPSAS national-level sample are the

first 22 strata listed in section B.2.1. For the sample optimization process, the 22 national-level institutional strata were used for selecting the sample; however, it was decided at a later time that a six-state design would be incorporated, which would add an additional 24 institutional strata to the sampling process after the optimization had occurred. This step actually increased the total national sample and resulted in even more precision for the key estimates previously described. The 24 institution-level sampling strata used for the NPSAS state-level sample are strata 23 through 46 listed in section B.2.1.



The seven student sampling strata that was used for the national-level sample were:

1. potential baccalaureate recipients who were business majors 2. potential baccalaureate recipients who were not business majors 3. other undergraduate students 4. masters students 5. doctoral students 6. other graduate students 7. first-professional students.

The student strata were expanded to 20, as described in section B.2.2, when oversamples of STEM majors and ACG and SMART Grant recipients were added after the optimization process had been completed.

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Table B-8. Domains and outcomes for NPSAS:08 national sample optimization: 2008

Type of institution Student level Dependency/ Income Status

Attendance Status Other Percent Average

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate-granting

Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private for-profit less-than-2-year

Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a grant Average amount of grant received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a grant Average amount of grant received

Public 4-year non-doctorate-granting

Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a grant Average amount of grant received

Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a grant Average amount of grant received

Private not-for-profit 4-year non-doctorate-granting






Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a grant Average amount of grant received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received See notes at end of table.

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Table B-8. Domains and outcomes for NPSAS:08 national sample optimization—Continued




Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received





Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based

grant Average amount of need-based

grant received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Private not-for-profit 4-year

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Private for-profit less-than-2-

year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a need-based


grant received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a merit-based grant

Average amount of merit-based grant received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a merit-based grant



Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a merit-based grant


Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a merit-based grant









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Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a merit-based grant


All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Private not-for-profit 4-year

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Private for-profit less-than-2-

year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a state grant Average amount of state grant

received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving an institutional grant

Average amount of institutional grant received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving an institutional grant



Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving an institutional grant


Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving an institutional grant











Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving an institutional grant



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All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received

Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received


Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received


Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received

Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a loan Average amount of loan received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan

Average amount of Stafford Loan received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan











Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford

subsidized loan Average amount of Stafford

subsidized loan received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


subsidized loan received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


subsidized loan received See notes at end of table.

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Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford subsidized loan

Average amount of Stafford subsidized loan received


Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford subsidized loan








Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford subsidized loan


All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford

unsubsidized loan Average amount of Stafford

unsubsidized loan received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Private not-for-profit 4-year

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Private for-profit less-than-2-

year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


unsubsidized loan received

All Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving work study earnings

Average amount of work study earnings received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving work study earnings



Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving work study earnings


Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving work study earnings






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Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving work study earnings


All Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Public 4-year non-doctorate-

granting Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Private not-for-profit 4-year non-

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Private not-for-profit 4-year

doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Private for-profit less-than-2-

year Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent who ever borrowed Average cumulative amount

borrowed

All Undergraduate All All All Percent who worked while enrolled

Average hours worked while enrolled

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All All Percent who worked while enrolled



Undergraduate All All All Percent who worked while enrolled


Public 4-year doctorate-granting Undergraduate All All All Percent who worked while enrolled












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Private for-profit 2-year-or-more Undergraduate All All All Percent who worked while enrolled


Carnegie—doctoral/research Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Carnegie—master's Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Carnegie—baccalaureate Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Carnegie—doctoral/research Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford

Loan Average amount of Stafford Loan

received Carnegie—master's Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


received Carnegie—baccalaureate Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


received Carnegie—doctoral/research Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Carnegie—master's Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Carnegie—baccalaureate Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Historically Black (HBCUs) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Historically Black (HBCUs) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


received Historically Black (HBCUs) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Hispanic-serving (HSI) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Hispanic-serving (HSI) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Stafford


received Hispanic-serving (HSI) Undergraduate All All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

All Undergraduate Dependent less than $30,000

All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

All Undergraduate Dependent $30,000–59,999




All Undergraduate Dependent $90,000 or more



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All Undergraduate Independent less than $12,000


All Undergraduate Independent $12,000–24,999




All Undergraduate Independent $50,000 or more



All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan
























All All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received









All Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled


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Type of institutions Student level Dependency/ Income Status



Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled







All Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled





Public 2-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate Dependent less than

$30,000 Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate Dependent $30,000–59,999

Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received



Public 2-year Undergraduate Dependent $90,000 or more


Public 2-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate Independent less than


Public 2-year Undergraduate Independent $25,000 or more


Public 2-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Public 2-year Undergraduate Dependent less than $30,000

Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan









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Public 2-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Public 2-year Undergraduate Independent less than $25,000






Public 2-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received


Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received



Public 2-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received





Public 2-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled









Public 2-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled






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Public 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate Dependent less than








Public 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate Independent less than




Public 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan














Public 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan








Public 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received






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Public 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received





Public 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled









Public 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled





Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Dependent less than


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Dependent $30,000–59,999




Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Dependent $90,000 or more


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Independent less than


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Independent $25,000 or more



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Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Dependent less than $30,000












Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate Independent less than $25,000






Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received





Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received





Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Dependents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled








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Institutional type Student level Dependency/ Income Status




Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All Independents Full time All Percent worked while enrolled Average hours worked while enrolled





Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Stafford


received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Stafford



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Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Male Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Female Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Age 24–29 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Age 30 or

older Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving a Stafford


received



received


older Percent receiving a Stafford


received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received


received


older Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 24–29 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received





received



received




received


received



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received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 24–29 Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 30 or


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving a Stafford


received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 24–29 Percent receiving a Stafford


received




received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 15–23 Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Age 24–29 Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received



received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-

can Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Stafford


received


can Percent receiving a Stafford


received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Stafford


received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Stafford


received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received


can Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant


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Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Public 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


can Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-



received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Stafford


received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-

can Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received Public 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant

received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-

can Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Stafford


received Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-




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Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All White Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All African Ameri-can

Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Hispanic Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Private not-for-profit 4-year Undergraduate All All Asian Percent receiving a Pell Grant Average amount of Pell Grant received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Certificate

program Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Associate's program

Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Certificate program

Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


Public 2-year Undergraduate All All Associate's program



Public 2-year Undergraduate All Full time Certificate program


Public 2-year Undergraduate All Full time Associate's program

















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All 4-year Baccalaureate recipients

All All All Percent Male †


All All All Percent Female †


All All All Percent African American †


All All All Percent Hispanic †


All All All Percent Asian †


All All All Percent age 22 or younger †


All All All Percent age 23–24 †




All All All Percent age 30 or older †


All All All Percent married †


All All All Percent with dependents †


All All All Percent with student loan debt †


All All All † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All All Percent in Education majors †


All All All Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All All Percent parents with some college education

†


All All All Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All All Percent parents with advanced degree

†


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All All Male Percent African American †


All All Male Percent Hispanic †


All All Male Percent Asian †


All All Male Percent age 22 or younger †


All All Male Percent age 23–24 †


All All Male Percent age 25–29 †


All All Male Percent age 30 or older †


All All Male Percent married †


All All Male Percent with dependents †


All All Male Percent with student loan debt †


All All Male † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Male Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Male Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Male Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Male Percent parents with advanced degree

†


All All Female Percent African American †


All All Female Percent Hispanic †


All All Female Percent Asian †


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All All Female Percent age 22 or younger †


All All Female Percent age 23–24 †


All All Female Percent age 25–29 †


All All Female Percent age 30 or older †


All All Female Percent married †


All All Female Percent with dependents †


All All Female Percent with student loan debt †


All All Female † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Female Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Female Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Female Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Female Percent parents with advanced degree

†


All All African Ameri-can

Percent age 22 or younger †



Percent age 23–24 †



Percent age 25–29 †



Percent age 30 or older †



Percent married †



Percent with dependents †


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Percent with student loan debt †



† Average amount of cumulative student loan debt



Percent parents with high school or less education

†



Percent parents with some college education

†



Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†



Percent parents with advanced degree

†


All All Hispanic Percent age 22 or younger †


All All Hispanic Percent age 23–24 †


All All Hispanic Percent age 25–29 †


All All Hispanic Percent age 30 or older †


All All Hispanic Percent married †


All All Hispanic Percent with dependents †


All All Hispanic Percent with student loan debt †


All All Hispanic † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Hispanic Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Hispanic Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Hispanic Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Hispanic Percent parents with advanced degree

†


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All All Asian Percent age 22 or younger †


All All Asian Percent age 23–24 †


All All Asian Percent age 25–29 †


All All Asian Percent age 30 or older †


All All Asian Percent married †


All All Asian Percent with dependents †


All All Asian Percent with student loan debt †


All All Asian † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Asian Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Asian Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Asian Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Asian Percent parents with advanced degree

†


All All Age 22 or younger

Percent married †













†




†


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†




†


All All Age 23–24 Percent married †


All All Age 23–24 Percent with dependents †


All All Age 23–24 Percent with student loan debt †


All All Age 23–24 † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Age 23–24 Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Age 23–24 Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Age 23–24 Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Age 23–24 Percent parents with advanced degree

†


All All Age 25–29 Percent married †


All All Age 25–29 Percent with dependents †


All All Age 25–29 Percent with student loan debt †


All All Age 25–29 † Average amount of cumulative student loan debt


All All Age 25–29 Percent parents with high school or less education

†


All All Age 25–29 Percent parents with some college education

†


All All Age 25–29 Percent parents with bachelor's degree

†


All All Age 25–29 Percent parents with advanced degree

†


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All All Age 30 or older

Percent married †













†




†




†




†

Public non-doctorate-granting Baccalaureate

recipients All All All Percent Male †

Public non-doctorate-granting Baccalaureate recipients



















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All All All Percent in education majors †



†



†



†



†

Public doctorate-granting Baccalaureate recipients





















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†



†



†



†

Private not-for-profit non-

doctorate-granting Baccalaureate

recipients All All All Percent Male †

Private not-for-profit non-doctorate-granting

Baccalaureate recipients



























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†




†




†




†

Private not-for-profit doctorate-granting































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All All All Percent in education majors †




†




†




†




†

All 4-year All graduate/first-

professional students

All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received All 4-year, doctorate-granting First-professional

students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

All 4-year All graduate/first-professional students

All All All Percent receiving an assistantship

Average amount of assistantship

All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent receiving an assistantship


All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving an assistantship


All 4-year, doctorate-granting First-professional students

All All All Percent receiving an assistantship



All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



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All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



All All All Percent receiving employer aid Average amount of employer aid received

All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent receiving employer aid Average amount of employer aid received

All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving employer aid Average amount of employer aid received


All All All Percent receiving employer aid Average amount of employer aid received


All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

All 4-year Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received All 4-year, doctorate-granting First-professional

students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship


All 4-year Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship


All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship



All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship



All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


All 4-year Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



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All All All Percent who borrowed as undergraduates

Average amount of cumulative undergraduate loans

All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent who borrowed as undergraduates


All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent who borrowed as undergraduates



All All All Percent who borrowed as undergraduates



All All All Percent who borrowed as graduate students

Average amount of cumulative graduate loans

All 4-year Master's students All All All Percent who borrowed as graduate students


All 4-year, doctorate-granting Doctoral students All All All Percent who borrowed as graduate students



All All All Percent who borrowed as graduate students


Public, 4-year, non-doctorate-

granting Master's students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public, 4-year, doctorate-granting

Master's students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Private, 4-year, not-for-profit, non-doctorate-granting


Private, 4-year, not-for-profit, doctorate-granting



Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


First-professional All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


First-professional All All All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received

Public, 4-year, non-doctorate-granting

Master's students All All All Percent receiving an assistantship



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Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving an assistantship



Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving an assistantship



Master's students All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan












Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



Doctoral students All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



First-professional All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



First-professional All All All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received








Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


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Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


First-professional All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


First-professional All Full time All Percent receiving any aid Average amount of aid received


Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship












Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship



Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving an assistantship



Master's students All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan












Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



Doctoral students All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



First-professional All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan



First-professional All Full time All Percent receiving a Stafford Loan


† Not applicable. NOTE: HBCUs = Historically Black Colleges and Universities; HSI = Hispanic Serving Institution. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



B.4.3 Cost Model The cost model necessary to support the cost/variance optimization process was the

following:

∑ ∑∑= = =

++=22

1

22

1

7

10

h h khkhkhhh CnnCnCC ,

where C represents the total cost of NPSAS, C0 represents the “fixed costs” that do not depend on the number of sample institutions or students, Ch represents the variable cost per participating institution in institutional stratum h, Chk represents the variable cost per responding student in institutional stratum h and student stratum k (stratum (h,k)), nh represents the number of participating institutions selected from institutional stratum h, and nhk represents the number of responding students selected from stratum (h,k).

Only the components of variable cost, Ch and Chk, must be estimated to support the cost/variance optimization. They were estimated with the spreadsheet developed for the study budget. The cost per participating institution was estimated by holding the numbers of responding students constant while varying the numbers of participating institutions. The resulting estimate of the variable cost per participating institution was Ch = $1,498 for institutions in stratum h that were eligible for NPSAS.

Likewise, the variable cost per participant was estimated by holding the number of participating institutions constant while varying the number of participating students. The resulting estimate of the variable cost per participant was Chk = $93 for students.

B.4.4 Relative Variance Model The following model was developed to represent the relative variance of the NPSAS

estimate g (e.g., percentage of students receiving any federal student aid) for students belonging to domain d (e.g., all students enrolled in public 2-year institutions):

2 2

22 2

2

gd

2 24

UWE 1

UWE

1RelVar

1 ,

gdgd

dhk hk mdh k h

dhk hkh k

h

h h

gdgd

dhk hk

CVW CV

r

W

rn N

CV

n

+ = −

+ α

∑∑ ∑

∑∑∑

where the parameters of this model are defined as follows:

h = 1, 2, . . . , 22 represents the institutional sampling strata;

k = 1, 2, . . ., 7 represents the student sampling strata; Wdhk = proportion of domain d members who belong to

stratum (h,k); UWEhk = unequal weighting effect within stratum (h,k);

21σ gd = the variance between institutional strata;



22σ gd = the variance between institutions within strata;

23σ gd = the variance between student strata;

24σ gd = the variance between participants within student

strata; 2 2 2 2 2

1 2 3 4σ = σ + σ + σ + σTgd gd gd gd gd = total variance of NPSAS observations;

2 2 222 = σ σ∑ gd Tgdgd = proportion of variance between institutions within

institutional strata;

2 2 244 = σ σ∑ gd Tgdgd = proportion of variance between participants

within student strata;

2 /σ=gd Tgd gdCV y = coefficient of variation among NPSAS observations;

rh = stratum h institutional response rate; CVmd = coefficient of variation of cluster sizes (m) among

domain d members; and αdhk = proportion of stratum (h,k) members who belong

to domain d.

The proportion of domain d members who belonged to stratum (h,k), Wdhk, and the proportion of stratum (h,k) members who belong to domain d, αdh, were estimated with use of NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:04 data. With the restricted-use data file for each study, each sample member was first assigned to the appropriate NPSAS institutional and student strata. Then, the analysis domains to which each sample student belonged were also identified (per table B-8). The statistical analysis weights were then used to estimate the size of the domain d population within each stratum (h, k) for each of the 22 NPSAS national-level institutional sampling strata. These domain sizes were used to compute the domain prevalences, Wdhk, and αdhk, for the national sample.

The components of variance, 24

23

22

21 and , , , gdgdgdgd σσσσ , were computed according to the

method of moments procedures in SAS Proc Nested, which resulted in some negative estimates. When a between-stratum variance component was estimated to be negative, the variance component for that stratum was considered to be negligible, and the variance components were recomputed without inclusion of that stratum in the computation. In addition, unusually small and extremely large student-level components of variance were truncated so that the student-level component of variance was always between 40 percent and 95 percent of the total variance.

Unequal weighting effects, UWEhk, were set to 1.05 because their values, based on NPSAS:04 data, were expected to be highly variable. It was decided that they were not reliable predictions of the unequal weighting effects to be expected with the NPSAS:08 design.



The coefficient of variation, CVmd, of cluster sizes (numbers of students per institution) was computed for the members of each analysis domain d with use of the NPSAS:2000 and NPSAS:04 data and the domains in table B-8.

B.4.5 Optimum Sample Allocation The technique developed by Chromy (1987) was used to determine the sample allocation to

the 22 institutional strata and seven student strata that satisfied the precision constraints and other study objectives discussed in section B.4.1 at a cost that was minimal according to the cost model and relative variance model discussed in sections B.4.3 and B.4.4, respectively.

The results of this initial sample optimization exercise were used as the basis for the initial sample of about 1,630 institutions, as discussed in section B.2. As also discussed in section B.2, institutions were added to the sample during a freshening process and a state augmentation.

After the sample institutions were selected, further refinements were made to the manner in which the optimization program determined which binding constraints could be relaxed. As precision constraints were iteratively relaxed during the optimization process, the student sample size distributions were constrained to achieve approximately the desired institution- and student-level marginal distributions. The sample optimization was rerun, therefore, conditional on the sample of institutions that had already been selected, to determine the optimum allocation of the student sample sizes to these institutions. The results of this conditional optimization were used to set the final student sample rates, as discussed in section B.3.

B.5 Appendix B References Chromy, J.R. (1979). Sequential Sample Selection Methods. In Proceedings of the Section on Survey

Research Methods, American Statistical Association (pp. 401–406). Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association.

Chromy, J.R. (1981). Variance Estimators for a Sequential Selection Procedure. In D. Krewski, R. Platek, and J.N.K. Rao (Eds.), Current Topics in Survey Sampling. New York: Academic Press.

Chromy, J.R. (1987). Design Optimization With Multiple Objectives. In Proceedings of the Section on Social Statistics, American Statistical Association (pp. 194–199). Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association.


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report C-1

Appendix C Facsimiles

Student Interview ................................................................................................................... C-3 Section A: Enrollment ........................................................................................................................... C-5 Section B: Education Experiences ..................................................................................................... C-37 Section C: Financial Aid ...................................................................................................................... C-48 Section D: Current Employment ....................................................................................................... C-61 Section E: Background ........................................................................................................................ C-72 Section F: Future Plans ....................................................................................................................... C-82

Computer Assisted Data-Entry (CADE) ............................................................................. C-87


Appendix C. Facsimiles


Student Interview


Appendix C. Facsimiles – Student Interview


Section A: Enrollment

ZRID Identification number Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

COMPDATE Date interview completed Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

COMPMODE Interview completion mode

0 = Web 1 = CATI

Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

SUMSTFLG Interview completion flag SUMSTFLG indicates the type of interview completion. If sumstat = 295 then SUMSTFLG = 1 (Full complete student interview) else if sumstat = 290 then SUMSTFLG = 2 (Partial student interview) else if sumstat = 293 then SUMSTFLG = 3 (Completed abbreviated English interview) else if sumstat = 294 then SUMSTFLG = 4 (Completed abbreviated Spanish interview) else if sumstat = 253 then SUMSTFLG = 5 (Complete student interview, CADE ineligible) else if sumstat = 254 then SUMSTFLG = 6 (Abbreviated student interview, CADE ineligible)

1 = Full complete student interview 2 = Partial student interview 3 = Completed abbreviated English interview 4 = Completed abbreviated Spanish interview 5 = Complete interview, CADE ineligible 6 = Abbreviated interview, CADE ineligible


N8ELIG Enrolled at NPSAS during NPSAS year [If TB4JULY = 1] Have you been enrolled at [NPSAS] at any time since July 1, 2007? (If you have been enrolled at [NPSAS] since July 2007, but you are not currently attending then select Yes.) [else] Were you enrolled at [NPSAS] at any time between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes 2 = Don't know 3 = Yes, enrolled but still enrolled in high

school Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

TB4JULY Interview completion before July 1, 2008 TB4JULY is an internal variable used in routing and question wording that indicates if the interview was started before or after July 1, 2008.

0 = Interview started on/after July 1, 2008 1 = Interview started before July 1, 2008


N8CURENR Current attendance at NPSAS Are you currently attending [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008 and began the interview prior to July 1, 2008. Instrument code: N8ELIG = 1 and TB4JULY = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

TCURENR Current attendance TCURENR is an internal variable that calculates current enrollment status at [NPSAS] based on N8CURENR: If TB4JULY = 1 and N8ELIG = 1 and N8CURENR = 1 then TCURENR = 1 else TCURENR = 0 Note: All interviews started after July 1, 2008 have TCURENR = 0

0 = Not currently enrolled 1 = Currently enrolled



C-6 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

N8NOATT Reason not attending NPSAS Why are you not currently attending [NPSAS]?

1 = Completed program 2 = Withdrew from [NPSAS] 3 = Attending a different school, but still

enrolled at [NPSAS] (including studying abroad)

4 = Taking a leave of absence from [NPSAS] 5 = Other

Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, were not currently attending NPSAS, and began the interview prior to July 1, 2008. Instrument code: N8ELIG = 1 and TB4JULY = 1 and TCURENR = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DRPMY Date last attended NPSAS in NPSAS year When did you last attend [NPSAS]? Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, were not currently attending NPSAS because they withdrew or because of some other reason or respondents who began the interview after July 1, 2008. Instrument code: N8ELIG = 1 and (N8NOATT in (2 5) or TB4JULY = 0) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DRPTM Left NPSAS after completing a term [If (N8ELIG = 1 and N8DRPMY = -9) or (N8ELIG ne 1 and N8LASTMY = -9)] When you last attended [NPSAS], did you leave at the end of the term, or did you leave before the term ended? [else if N8ELIG = 1] Is that date ([N8DRPMY]) at the end of the term, or did you leave before the term ended? [else] Is that date ([N8LASTMY]) at the end of the term, or did you leave before the term ended?

1 = Left at the end of the term, or still enrolled as of June 30, 2008

2 = Left before the term ended Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, were not currently attending NPSAS or respondents who began the interview after July 1, 2008. Instrument code: N8NOATT in (2 5) or TB4JULY = 0 or N8ELIG in (0 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DRPRF Received full tuition refund Did you receive a full refund of your tuition when you left?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008 and left NPSAS before the term ended. Instrument code: (N8NOATT in (2 5) or TB4JULY = 0 or N8ELIG in (0 2)) and N8DRPTM ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DRPCMP Completed previous course/term [If TB4JULY = 1] Have you completed a course or term at [NPSAS] at any time since July 1, 2007? [else] Did you complete a course or term at [NPSAS] at any time between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who had enrolled at NPSAS between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, left before the term ended, and received a full tuition refund. Instrument code: (N8NOATT in (2 5) or TB4JULY = 0 or N8ELIG in (0 2)) and N8DRPTM ne 1 and N8DRPRF ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LASTMY Last date of NPSAS attendance In what month and year did you last attend [NPSAS]? Applies to: Respondents who indicated they were not enrolled at NPSAS at any time between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, but had attended NPSAS at some point. Instrument code: N8ELIG ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGBA NPSAS degree: 4-year bachelor’s degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? 4-year bachelor’s degree



0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents whose NPSAS school was a 4-year or 2-year school. Instrument code: NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DG5BA NPSAS degree: 5-year bachelor’s degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? 5-year bachelor’s degree program that requires at least 5 years to complete

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DGAS NPSAS degree: associate’s degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Associate’s degree

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents whose NPSAS school was a 4-year or 2-year school.

Instrument code: NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGCE NPSAS degree: undergraduate certificate/diploma [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Undergraduate certificate or diploma

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DGUND NPSAS degree: undergraduate, no degree program [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Undergraduate, not enrolled in a degree program

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8DGPB NPSAS degree: post-baccalaureate certificate [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Post-baccalaureate certificate

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DGMA NPSAS degree: Master’s degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Master’s degree

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents whose NPSAS school was a 4-year school. Instrument code: NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGPM NPSAS degree: post-master’s certificate [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a

certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Post-master’s certificate

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DGPRO NPSAS degree: professional degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Professional degree (only includes the following degree programs: chiropractic, dentistry, law, medicine, optometry, osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, ministry or divinity, or veterinary medicine)

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8DGDR NPSAS degree: doctoral degree [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Doctoral degree

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DGGNG NPSAS degree: graduate, no degree program [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TCURENR = 1] Are you currently working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program at [NPSAS]? [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Were you working on a certificate or diploma, or taking courses but not enrolled in a degree program during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? [else if TCURENR = 1] What degree or certificate are you currently working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What degree or certificate were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year (July 1 2007 - June 30 2008)? Graduate, not enrolled in a degree program

0 = No 1 = Yes


TDEGREE NPSAS degree TDEGREE is an internal variable that calculates the degree of focus in the interview for the NPSAS year. If a respondent reported working on more than one degree, the highest degree reported was the degree of focus. Initialize TDEGREE = -9 If N8DGDR = 1 then TDEGREE = 11 else if N8DGPRO = 1 then do { if N8DGPR not in (28 29 -9) then TDEGREE =

10 else if N8DGPR in (28 -9) and N8NOPR = -9 then

TDEGREE = 1 else if N8DGPR = 29 and N8NOPR = -9 then

TDEGREE = 7 else if N8DGPR in (28 29 -9) and N8NOPR > 0

then TDEGREE = N8NOPR} else if N8DGPM = 1 then TDEGREE = 9 else if N8DGMA = 1 then TDEGREE = 8 else if N8DGGNG = 1 then do {if N8DGCE = 0

and N8DGAS = 0 and N8DGBA = 0 and N8DG5BA = 0 and N8DGPB = 0 then TDEGREE = 7}

else if N8DGPB = 1 then TDEGREE = 6 else if N8DG5BA = 1 then TDEGREE = 5 else if N8DGBA = 1 then TDEGREE = 4 else if N8DGAS = 1 then TDEGREE = 3 else if N8DGCE = 1 then TDEGREE = 2 else if N8DGUND = 1 then TDEGREE = 1 else TDEGREE = 1

1 = Undergraduate, no degree program 2 = Undergraduate certificate or diploma 3 = Associate’s degree 4 = 4-year bachelor’s degree 5 = 5-year bachelor’s degree 6 = Post-baccalaureate certificate 7 = Graduate, no degree program 8 = Master’s degree 9 = Post-master’s degree

10 = Professional degree 11 = Doctoral degree


TSTAT Student status TSTAT is an internal variable that calculates student status If TDEGREE in (2 3 4 5) then TSTAT = 1 else if TDEGREE in (6 8 9 11) then TSTAT = 2 else if TDEGREE = 10 and N8PRBA in (1 -9)

then TSTAT = 1 else if TDEGREE = 10 and N8PRBA = 2 then

TSTAT = 2 else if TDEGREE = 1 then TSTAT = 3 else if TDEGREE = 7 then TSTAT = 4



1 = Undergraduate 2 = Graduate 3 = Undergraduate, no degree program 4 = Graduate, no degree program


N8DGPR Type of professional degree [If TCURENR = 1] What specific professional degree are you working towards at [NPSAS]? [else] What specific professional degree were you working towards at [NPSAS] (during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year)? Professional degree

19 = Ministry or Divinity (MDiv/DMin/MHL/BD/ordination)

20 = Law (JD/LLB) 21 = Medicine (MD) or Osteopathic medicine

(DO) 22 = Dentistry (DDS/DMD) 23 = Chiropractic (DC/DCM) 24 = Pharmacy (PharmD) 25 = Optometry (OD) 26 = Podiatry (DPM/DP/PodD) 27 = Veterinary medicine (DVM) 28 = Other undergraduate degree not listed 29 = Other graduate degree not listed

Applies to: Respondents who were working on a professional degree at NPSAS. Instrument code: N8DGPRO = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NOPR Non-professional degree [If TCURENR = 1] Since you are not enrolled in one of the degrees specifically mentioned in the previous question, you are not considered to be working on a professional degree by the U.S. Department of Education. What degree or certificate are you working on at [NPSAS]? (If you are working on more than one degree or certificate, please select the highest level.) [else] Since you were not enrolled in one of the degrees specifically mentioned in the previous question, you were not considered to be working on a professional degree by the U.S. Department of Education. What degree or certificate were you working on at [NPSAS] during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? (If you were working on more than one degree or certificate, please select the highest level.)

1 = Undergraduate, no degree 2 = Undergraduate certificate or diploma 3 = Associate's degree 4 = 4-year bachelor's degree

5 = 5-year bachelor's degree program, requires at least 5 years to complete

6 = Post-baccalaureate certificate 7 = Graduate, no degree program 8 = Master's degree 9 = Post-master's certificate 11 = Doctoral degree

Applies to: Respondents who reported working on a professional degree at NPSAS but did not indicate one of the following specific professional degrees: chiropractic, dentistry, law, medicine, optometry, osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, ministry or divinity, or veterinary medicine. Instrument code: N8DGPRO = 1 and N8DGPR in (28 29 -9) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRBA Earned bachelor’s degree while a professional student Which of the following describes your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] (in the 2007-2008 school year)?

1 = Enrolled in a professional degree program, but have not yet earned a bachelor's degree

2 = Enrolled in a professional degree program at the graduate level and have already earned a bachelor's degree

Applies to: Respondents who reported working on a professional degree at NPSAS and indicated one of the following specific professional degrees: chiropractic, dentistry, law, medicine, optometry, osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, ministry or divinity, or veterinary medicine. Instrument code: N8DGPRO = 1 and N8DGPR in (19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ASSOC Type of associate’s degree [If TCURENR = 1] What type of associate's degree are you working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What type of associate's degree were you working on at [NPSAS] (during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year)?

1 = AA, AS, AGE (general education) or transfer program

2 = AAS, occupational or technical program Applies to: Respondents who were working on an associate’s degree at NPSAS. Instrument code: N8DGAS = 1 or N8NOPR = 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8CKHOUR Clock hour requirement [If TCURENR = 1] Does your certificate or diploma program require at least 3 months or 300 clock hours of instruction? [else] Did your certificate or diploma program require at least 3 months or 300 clock hours of instruction?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who were working on an undergraduate certificate or diploma at NPSAS. Instrument code: TDEGREE = 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ELCRD Enrolled for transferable credit [If TCURENR = 1] Are you enrolled in a course for credit at [NPSAS] that could be transferred to another school? [else] During your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year, were you enrolled in a course for credit that could be transferred to another school?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If TDEGREE not in (1 7) then N8ELCRD = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NPELG NPSAS eligibility flag N8NPELG calculates NPSAS eligibility Initialize N8NPELG = 1 If N8ELIG ne 1 and [never enrolled at

NPSAS]then N8NPELG = 0 else if N8ELIG = 3 then N8NPELG = 0 else if N8ELIG in (0 2 -9) and (N8LASTMY ne -9

and (N8LASTMY >= 200806 or N8LASTMY <= 200707) then N8NPELG = 0

else if N8ELIG in (0 2 -9) and N8LASTMY = -9 then N8NPELG = 0

else if TB4JULY = 1 and TCURENR = 0 and (N8ELIG in (0 2 -9) or N8NOATT in (2 5)) and N8DRPTM ne 1 and N8DRPRF ne 0 and N8DRPCMP ne 1then N8NPELG = 0

else if TB4JULY ne 1 and TCURENR = 0 and N8DRPTM ne 1 and N8DRPRF ne 0and N8DRPCMP ne 1 then N8NPELG = 0

else if TDEGREE in (1 7 -9) and N8ELCRD ne 1 then N8NPELG = 0

else if TDEGREE = 2 and N8CKHOUR ne 1 then N8NPELG = 0

else if N8HSCMP = 1 then N8NPELG = 0 0 = Not NPSAS eligible

1 = NPSAS eligible Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGMS Type of master’s degree [If TCURENR = 1] What specific Master's degree are you working towards? [else] What specific Master's degree were you working towards during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Master’s degree

1 = Master of Science (MS) 2 = Master of Arts (MA) 3 = Master of Education (MEd) or Teaching

(MAT) 4 = Master of Business Administration (MBA) 5 = Master of Public Administration (MPA) 6 = Master of Social Work (MSW) 7 = Master of Fine Arts (MFA) 8 = Master of Public Health (MPH) 9 = Other Master's degree not listed

Applies to: Respondents who were working on a master’s degree at NPSAS. Instrument code: TDEGREE = 8 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGD Type of doctoral degree [If TCURENR = 1] What specific doctoral degree are you working towards? [else] What specific doctoral degree were you working towards during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Doctoral degree

11 = Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 12 = Doctor of Education (EdD) 13 = Doctor of Science (DSc/ScD) or

Engineering (DEng) 14 = Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) 15 = Doctor of Business or Public

Administration (DBA/DPA) 16 = Doctor of Fine Arts (DFA) 17 = Doctor of Divinity/Theology (ThD) 18 = Other Doctoral degree not listed

Applies to: Respondents who were working on a doctoral degree at NPSAS. Instrument code: TDEGREE = 11 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8RSNA Reason for pursuing education: gain job skills [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school?



[else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To gain job or occupational skills

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were not in a degree program or who were in a degree program and attended a 2-year or less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT = 3 or (TSTAT = 1 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (2 3)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8RSNB Reason for pursuing education: prepare for job certification [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To prepare for job certification or licensure

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RSNC Reason for pursuing education: prepare for transfer [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] To transfer to a 2- or 4-year school [else] To transfer to a 4-year school

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who attended a 2-year or less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (2 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8RSND Reason for pursuing education: earn course credits [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To earn course credits needed for a program at a different school

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RSNE Reason for pursuing education: solely for personal interest [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To take courses solely for recreation, self-improvement or personal interest

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RSNF Reason for pursuing education: Complete undergraduate certificate [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To complete an undergraduate certificate at [NPSAS]

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were not in a degree program or who were in a degree program and attended a 2-year or less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT = 3 or (TSTAT = 1 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (2 3)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8RSNG Reason for pursuing education: Complete associate’s degree [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What were your reasons for pursuing education beyond high school? To complete an Associate's degree

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were working on an associate’s degree at a 2-year or less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: TDEGREE = 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (2 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8MAINR Main reason for pursuing education [If TCURENR = 1] What is your main reason for pursuing education beyond high school? [else] What was your main reason for pursuing education beyond high school?

1 = To gain job or occupational skills 2 = To prepare for job certification or

licensure 3 = To transfer to a 2-year or 4-year school 4 = To earn course credits needed for a

program at a different school 5 = To take courses solely for recreation, self-

improvement or personal interest

6 = To complete an undergraduate certificate at [NPSAS]

7 = To complete an Associate's degree Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were not in a degree program or who were in a degree program and attended a 2-year or less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT = 3 or (TSTAT = 1 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (2 3)) Recode note: 1) If N8RSNA = 1 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 1 2) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 1 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 2 3) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC = 1 and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 3 4) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 1 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 4 5) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 1 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 5 6) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 1 and N8RSNG in (0 -3) then N8MAINR = 6 7) If N8RSNA = 0 and N8RSNB = 0 and N8RSNC in (0 -3) and N8RSND = 0 and N8RSNE = 0 and N8RSNF = 0 and N8RSNG = 1 then N8MAINR = 7 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CLSTY Primary field or subject [If TCURENR = 1] What is the primary field or subject you have been studying during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] What was the primary field or subject you were studying (during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year)?

1 = Business 2 = Health 3 = Education 4 = Engineering and Engineering Technology 5 = Computer and Information Sciences 6 = Social Sciences 7 = Natural Sciences and Mathematics 8 = Arts and Humanities 9 = Communications 10 = Vocational Programs 11 = University Transfer 12 = General Education 13 = Other

Applies to: Respondents who were not enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT in (3 4) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8UGYR Undergraduate level at NPSAS [If TCURENR = 1] Based on credits completed, what is your year or level at [NPSAS]? [else] Based on credits completed, what was your year or level during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year?

1 = First year or freshman 2 = Second year or sophomore 3 = Third year or junior 4 = Fourth year or senior 5 = Fifth year or higher undergraduate 6 = Unclassified undergraduate 7 = Graduate student taking undergraduate

classes Applies to: Undergraduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NEN01 NPSAS enrollment: July 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break.



July 0 = Not enrolled 1 = Enrolled


N8NEN02 NPSAS enrollment: August 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. August

0 = Not enrolled 1 = Enrolled


N8NEN03 NPSAS enrollment: September 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. September



N8NEN04 NPSAS enrollment: October 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. October



N8NEN05 NPSAS enrollment: November 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. November



N8NEN06 NPSAS enrollment: December 2007 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include



that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. December



N8NEN07 NPSAS enrollment: January 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. January



N8NEN08 NPSAS enrollment: February 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month.

Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. February



N8NEN09 NPSAS enrollment: March 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. March



N8NEN10 NPSAS enrollment: April 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. April





N8NEN11 NPSAS enrollment: May 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. May



N8NEN12 NPSAS enrollment: June 2008 [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. June



N8NEN13 NPSAS Enrollment: don’t know [If TCURENR = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [NPSAS]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include

that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled at [NPSAS]? [{if TB4JULY = 1} If you plan to re-enroll there before June 30, 2008, please indicate the months you plan to be enrolled.] If your enrollment covered only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you were not taking classes, such as summer break. Don't know

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8STST Enrollment intensity at NPSAS [If TCURENR = 1] For the period of time you have been enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year, have you been mainly a full-time or part-time student? [else] For the period of time you were enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year, were you mainly a full-time or part-time student?

1 = Mainly a full-time student 2 = Mainly a part-time student 3 = Equal mix of full-time and part-time


N8GRYR Graduate level at NPSAS [If TCURENR = 1] What year of your [TDEGREE] are you working on at [NPSAS]? [else] What year of your [TDEGREE] were you working on during your most recent term of enrollment at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year?

8 = First year 9 = Second year 10 = Third year 11 = Fourth year 12 = Fifth year 13 = Sixth year or higher

Applies to: Graduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT = 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OUTST Charged out-of-state tuition or fees [If TCURENR = 1] At [NPSAS], are you charged for out-of-state or out-of-district tuition or fees? [else] At [NPSAS], were you charged for out-of-state or out-of-district tuition or fees?



0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents whose NPSAS school is a public institution. Instrument code: NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHCTRL = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DBLMAJ Major declared or undeclared [If TCURENR = 1] Have you declared a major at [NPSAS]? [else] Had you already declared a major when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS]?

0 = Not in a degree program 1 = Yes, I [have/had] declared a major 2 = Yes, I [have/had] declared a double major 3 = No, I [have/had] not declared a major

Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: 1) If TSTAT in (3 4) then N8DBLMAJ = 0 2) If TSTAT = 2 or (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TSTAT =1) then N8DBLMAJ = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MAJ1 Primary major: string [If TCURENR = 1] What is your current [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS]? [else] What was your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year? Applies to: Respondents who declared at least one major, graduate respondents in a degree program, or respondents enrolled in a less-than-2-year school. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MJ1GEN Primary major: general code [If TCURENR = 1] What is your current [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS [else] What was your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year?

1 = Agriculture, natural resources, and related sciences

2 = Architecture, planning, and related services 3 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies 4 = Arts--visual and performing 5 = Biological and biomedical sciences 6 = Business, management, marketing, and

related support services

7 = Communication, journalism, communication technologies, and related programs

8 = Computer and information sciences and support services

9 = Construction trades 10 = Education 11 = Engineering, engineering

technologies/technicians 12 = English language and literature/letters 13 = Family and consumer sciences/human

sciences 14 = Foreign languages, literatures, and

linguistics 15 = Health professions and related clinical

sciences 16 = Legal professions and studies 17 = Library science 18 = Mathematics and statistics 19 = Mechanical and repair

technologies/technicians 20 = Multi/interdisciplinary studies 21 = Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness

studies 22 = Precision production 23 = Cosmetology, funeral services, and

culinary services 24 = Philosophy, religion & theology 25 = Physical sciences 26 = Psychology 27 = Public administration and social service

professions 28 = Science technologies/technicians 29 = Security & protective services 30 = Social sciences and history (except

psychology) 31 = Transportation & materials moving 32 = Other 33 = Liberal arts and sciences, general studies

and humanities Applies to: Respondents who declared at least one major, graduate respondents in a degree program, or respondents enrolled in a less-than-2-year school. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MJ1SPE Primary major: specific code [If TCURENR = 1] What is your current [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS]? [else] What was your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year?

101 = Agriculture and related sciences 102 = Natural resources and conservation

research



103 = Animal sciences 104 = Food science and technology 105 = Plant sciences 106 = Soil sciences 107 = Environmental Sciences 108 = Fishing and Fisheries Sciences and

Management 109 = Forest Sciences and Biology 110 = Wood Sciences and Wood

Products/Pulp and Paper Technology 111 = Forestry, other 112 = Wildlife and Wildlands Sciences and

Management 201 = Architecture 202 = City/urban, community, and regional

planning 203 = Drafting/design engineering

technologies/technicians 204 = Architecture, planning, and related

services, other 301 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies 401 = Art history, criticism & conservation 402 = Design & applied arts 403 = Drama/theatre arts and stagecraft 404 = Fine and studio art 405 = Music, general 406 = Music history, literature, and theory 407 = Visual and performing arts, other 408 = Commercial and advertising art 409 = Dance 410 = Film/video and photographic arts 411 = Crafts/craft design, folk art and

artisanry 501 = General biology 502 = Biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular

biology 503 = Botany/plant biology 504 = Genetics 505 = Microbiological sciences & immunology 506 = Physiology, pathology & related sciences 507 = Zoology/animal biology 508 = Biological and biomedical sciences 512 = Biological & biomedical sciences, other 513 = Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical

Sciences 514 = Pharmacology and Toxicology 515 = Biomathematics and Bioinformatics 516 = Biotechnology 517 = Ecology, Evolution, Systematics and

Population Biology 601 = Accounting and related services 602 = Business administration, management

and operations 603 = Business operations support and

assistant services 604 = Finance and financial management

services

605 = Human resources management and services

606 = Marketing 607 = Business, management, marketing, and

related support services, other 608 = Management information systems and

services 609 = Real estate 610 = Hospitality

Administration/Management 701 = Communication and media studies 702 = Communication technologies 703 = Journalism 704 = Communication/journalism/comm.

tech, other 801 = Computer/information technology

administration and management 802 = Computer programming 803 = Computer science 804 = Computer software and media

applications 805 = Computer systems analysis 806 = Computer systems networking and

telecommunications 807 = Data entry/microcomputer applications 808 = Data processing 809 = Information science/studies 810 = Computer and information sciences and

support services, other 811 = Computer and information sciences,

general 901 = Construction trades 1001 = Curriculum and instruction 1002 = Educational administration and

supervision 1003 = Educational/instructional media design 1004 = Special education and teaching 1005 = Student counseling and personnel

services 1007 = Teacher education: Early childhood

education and teaching 1008 = Teacher education: Elementary

education and teaching 1009 = Teacher education: Secondary

education and teaching 1010 = Teacher education: Adult and

continuing education and teaching 1011 = Teacher education: Specific levels,

other 1012 = Teacher education: Specific subject

areas 1013 = Bilingual, multilingual, and

multicultural education 1014 = Ed assessment. evaluation, and

research 1015 = Higher education/higher education

administration



1016 = Teaching assistant/aide 1017 = Childcare provider/assistant 1018 = Physical education teaching and

coaching 1019 = Education, other 1020 = English/Language Arts Teacher

Education 1021 = Foreign Language Teacher Education 1022 = Mathematics Teacher Education 1023 = Science Teacher education/General

science teacher education 1024 = Social Studies Teacher education 1025 = Biology Teacher Education 1026 = Chemistry Teacher Education 1027 = History Teacher Education 1028 = Physics Teacher Education 1029 = International and Comparative

Education 1030 = Teaching English as a Second or

Foreign Language 1101 = Biomedical/medical engineering 1102 = Chemical engineering 1103 = Civil engineering 1104 = Computer engineering, general 1105 = Electrical, electronics and

Communications engineering 1107 = Environmental/environmental health

engineering 1108 = Mechanical engineering 1109 = Engineering, Other 1110 = Engineering, general 1111 = Aerospace, Aeronautical and

Astronautical engineering 1112 = Agricultural/Biological engineering and

Bioengineering 1113 = Architectural engineering 1114 = Ceramic sciences and engineering 1115 = Construction engineering 1116 = Engineering mechanics 1117 = Engineering physics 1118 = Engineering science 1119 = Forest engineering 1120 = Geological/geophysical engineering 1121 = Industrial engineering 1122 = Manufacturing engineering 1123 = Materials engineering 1124 = Materials science 1125 = Metallurgical engineering 1126 = Mining and mineral engineering 1127 = Naval Architecture and marine

engineering 1128 = Nuclear engineering 1129 = Ocean engineering 1130 = Operations research 1131 = Petroleum engineering 1132 = Polymer/plastics engineering 1133 = Surveying engineering

1134 = Systems engineering 1135 = Textile sciences and engineering 1201 = Creative writing 1202 = American literature 1203 = English literature 1204 = English language and literature/letters,

others 1301 = Family and consumer sciences/human

sciences 1302 = Family and consumer sciences/human

sciences, general 1303 = Child care and support services

management 1304 = Child care provider/assistant (also

under Education) 1305 = Apparel and textiles 1306 = Family and consumer sciences/human

sciences, other 1401 = Romance languages, literatures, and

linguistics, other 1402 = Spanish language and literature 1403 = Foreign

languages/literature/linguistics, other 1404 = African languages, literatures, and

linguistics 1405 = Arabic language and literature 1406 = Bahasa Indonesian/Bahasa Malay

languages and literatures 1407 = Bengali language and literature 1408 = Chinese language and literature 1409 = Filipino/Tagalog language and

literature 1410 = French language and Literature 1411 = Hebrew language and literature 1412 = Hindi language and literature 1413 = Iranian/Persian languages, literatures,

and linguistics 1414 = Italian languages and literatures 1415 = Japanese language and literature 1416 = Korean language and literature 1417 = Portuguese language and literature 1418 = Punjabi language and literature 1419 = Russian language and literature 1420 = Turkish language and literature 1421 = Turkic, Ural-Altaic, Caucasian, and

Central Asian languages, literatures, and linguistics, Other

1422 = Urdu language and literature 1501 = Health services/allied health/health

sciences, general 1502 = Alternative/complementary

medicine/sys 1503 = Chiropractic 1504 = Audiology/audiologist & hearing

sciences 1505 = Clinical/medical lab science/allied 1506 = Dental support services/allied



1507 = Dentistry 1508 = Health & medical administrative

services 1509 = Health/medical services/allied health 1510 = Health/medical

technicians/technologists 1511 = Health/medical preparatory programs 1512 = Medicine, including psychiatry 1513 = Mental/social health services and allied 1514 = Clinical pastoral counseling/ patient

counseling 1515 = Nursing/registered (RN, ASN, BSN,

MSN) 1516 = Nursing science (MS, PhD) 1517 = Licensed practical/vocational nurse

training (LPN, LVN, Cert., Dipl., AAS)

1518 = Nurse/nursing assistant/aide and patient care assistant

1519 = Optometry 1520 = Osteopathic medicine/osteopathy 1521 = Pharmacy/pharmaceutical

sciences/admin 1522 = Podiatric medicine/podiatry 1523 = Public health 1524 = Rehabilitation & therapeutic

professions 1525 = Veterinary medicine 1526 = Health aides/attendants/orderlies 1527 = Dietetics and clinical nutrition services 1528 = Health /related clinical services, other 1601 = Law 1602 = Legal support services 1603 = General undergraduate legal studies

including pre-law 1604 = Legal professions and studies, other 1701 = Library science 1801 = Mathematics 1802 = Statistics 1803 = Mathematics and statistics, other 1804 = Applied mathematics 1901 = Electrical/electronics maintenance and

repair technology 1902 = Heating, air conditioning, ventilation

and refrigeration maintenance 1903 = Vehicle maintenance and repair

technologies 1904 = Mechanical/repair technologies/techs,

other 2001 = Biological and physical sciences 2002 = Systems science and theory 2003 = Biopsychology 2004 = Multi/interdisciplinary studies, other 2005 = Mathematics and computer science 2006 = Science, technology and society 2007 = Accounting and computer science 2008 = Natural sciences

2009 = Neuroscience 2010 = Nutrition Science 2011 = Cognitive science 2101 = Parks, recreation and leisure studies 2102 = Health and physical education/fitness 2201 = Precision metal working 2202 = Woodworking 2203 = Precision production, other 2301 = Cosmetology and related personal

grooming services 2302 = Funeral service and mortuary science 2303 = Culinary arts and related services 2304 = Personal and culinary services, other 2401 = Philosophy 2402 = Religion/religious studies 2403 = Theology and religious vocations 2501 = Astronomy & astrophysics 2502 = Atmospheric sciences and meteorology 2503 = Chemistry 2504 = Geological & earth

sciences/geosciences 2505 = Physics 2506 = Biological and physical science 2507 = Systems science and theory 2508 = Physical sciences, other 2509 = Physical sciences, general 2601 = Behavioral psychology 2602 = Clinical psychology 2603 = Education/school psychology 2604 = Psychology, other 2605 = Biopsychology 2606 = Physiological

Psychology/Psychobiology 2701 = Public administration 2702 = Social work 2703 = Public administration and social service

professions, other 2801 = Biology technician/biotechnology

laboratory technician 2802 = Nuclear and industrial radiologic

technologies/technicians 2803 = Physical science

technologies/technicians 2804 = Science technologies/technician, other 2805 = Engineering Technology, General 2806 = Architectural Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2807 = Civil Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2808 = Electrical Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2809 = Electromechanical Instrumentation

and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians

2810 = Environmental Control Technologies/Technicians



2811 = Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Technology/Technician

2812 = Industrial Production Technologies/Technicians

2813 = Quality Control and Safety Technologies/Technicians

2814 = Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/Technicians

2815 = Mining and Petroleum Technologies/Technicians

2816 = Construction Engineering Technologies

2817 = Engineering-Related Technologies 2818 = Computer Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2819 = Drafting/Design Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2820 = Nuclear Engineering

Technologies/Technicians 2821 = Engineering-Related Fields 2822 = Engineering

Technologies/Technicians, Other 2823 = Military Technologies 2901 = Criminal justice and corrections 2902 = Fire protection 2903 = Security and protective services, other 3001 = Anthropology 3002 = Archeology 3003 = Criminology 3004 = Demography & population studies 3005 = Economics 3006 = Geography & cartography 3007 = History 3008 = International relations & affairs 3009 = Political science and government 3010 = Sociology 3011 = Urban studies/affairs 3012 = Social sciences, other (except

psychology) 3101 = Transportation & materials moving 3102 = Air transportation 3103 = Ground transportation 3104 = Transportation & materials moving,

other 3201 = Other 3301 = Liberal arts and sciences, general

studies and humanities Applies to: Respondents who declared at least one major, graduate respondents in a degree program, or respondents enrolled in a less-than-2-year school. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MAJ2 Secondary Major: string [If TCURENR = 1] What is your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS]? (Please do not include a minor

[else] What was your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please do not include a minor.). Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who declared two majors.

N8MJ2GEN Secondary major: general code [If TCURENR = 1] What is your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS]? Please do not include a minor.) [else] What was your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please do not include a minor.)


2 = Architecture, planning, and related services 3 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies 4 = Arts--visual and performing 5 = Biological and biomedical sciences 6 = Business, management, marketing, and

related support services 7 = Communication, journalism,

communication technologies, and related programs




sciences 14 = Foreign languages, literatures, and

linguistics 15 = Health professions and related clinical

sciences 16 = Legal professions and studies 17 = Library science 18 = Mathematics and statistics 19 = Mechanical and repair




professions 28 = Science technologies/technicians



29 = Security & protective services 30 = Social sciences and history (except

psychology) 31 = Transportation & materials moving 32 = Other 33 = Liberal arts and sciences, general studies

and humanities Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who declared two majors. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MJ2SPE Secondary major: specific code [If TCURENR = 1]What is your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS]? (Please do not include a minor.) [else] What was your secondary major or field of study at [NPSAS] when you were last enrolled there during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please do not include a minor.)


research 103 = Animal sciences 104 = Food science and technology 105 = Plant sciences 106 = Soil sciences 107 = Environmental Sciences 108 = Fishing and Fisheries Sciences and


Products/Pulp and Paper Technology 111 = Forestry, other 112 = Wildlife and Wildlands Sciences and

Management 201 = Architecture 202 = City/urban, community, and regional



services, other 301 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies 401 = Art history, criticism & conservation 402 = Design & applied arts 403 = Drama/theatre arts and stagecraft 404 = Fine and studio art 405 = Music, general 406 = Music history, literature, and theory 407 = Visual and performing arts, other 408 = Commercial and advertising art 409 = Dance 410 = Film/video and photographic arts 411 = Crafts/craft design, folk art and

artisanry 501 = General biology

502 = Biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology

503 = Botany/plant biology 504 = Genetics 505 = Microbiological sciences & immunology 506 = Physiology, pathology & related sciences 507 = Zoology/animal biology 508 = Biological and biomedical sciences 512 = Biological & biomedical sciences, other 513 = Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical





services 605 = Human resources management and

services 606 = Marketing 607 = Business, management, marketing, and



Administration/Management 701 = Communication and media studies 702 = Communication technologies 703 = Journalism 704 = Communication/journalism/comm.






general 901 = Construction trades 1001 = Curriculum and instruction



1002 = Educational administration and supervision

1003 = Educational/instructional media design 1004 = Special education and teaching 1005 = Student counseling and personnel










administration 1016 = Teaching assistant/aide 1017 = Childcare provider/assistant 1018 = Physical education teaching and


Education 1021 = Foreign Language Teacher Education 1022 = Mathematics Teacher Education 1023 = Science Teacher education/General

science teacher education 1024 = Social Studies Teacher education 1025 = Biology Teacher Education 1026 = Chemistry Teacher Education 1027 = History Teacher Education 1028 = Physics Teacher Education 1029 = International and Comparative





Astronautical engineering

1112 = Agricultural/Biological engineering and Bioengineering

1113 = Architectural engineering 1114 = Ceramic sciences and engineering 1115 = Construction engineering 1116 = Engineering mechanics 1117 = Engineering physics 1118 = Engineering science 1119 = Forest engineering 1120 = Geological/geophysical engineering 1121 = Industrial engineering 1122 = Manufacturing engineering 1123 = Materials engineering 1124 = Materials science 1125 = Metallurgical engineering 1126 = Mining and mineral engineering 1127 = Naval Architecture and marine

engineering 1128 = Nuclear engineering 1129 = Ocean engineering 1130 = Operations research 1131 = Petroleum engineering 1132 = Polymer/plastics engineering 1133 = Surveying engineering 1134 = Systems engineering 1135 = Textile sciences and engineering 1201 = Creative writing 1202 = American literature 1203 = English literature 1204 = English language and literature/letters,


sciences 1302 = Family and consumer sciences/human

sciences, general 1303 = Child care and support services

management 1304 = Child care provider/assistant (also

under Education) 1305 = Apparel and textiles 1306 = Family and consumer sciences/human






literature 1410 = French language and Literature



1411 = Hebrew language and literature 1412 = Hindi language and literature 1413 = Iranian/Persian languages, literatures,






sciences 1505 = Clinical/medical lab science/allied 1506 = Dental support services/allied 1507 = Dentistry 1508 = Health & medical administrative


technicians/technologists 1511 = Health/medical preparatory programs 1512 = Medicine, including psychiatry 1513 = Mental/social health services and allied 1514 = Clinical pastoral counseling/ patient

counseling 1515 = Nursing/registered (RN, ASN, BSN,

MSN) 1516 = Nursing science (MS, PhD) 1517 = Licensed practical/vocational nurse





professions 1525 = Veterinary medicine 1526 = Health aides/attendants/orderlies 1527 = Dietetics and clinical nutrition services 1528 = Health /related clinical services, other 1601 = Law 1602 = Legal support services

1603 = General undergraduate legal studies including pre-law

1604 = Legal professions and studies, other 1701 = Library science 1801 = Mathematics 1802 = Statistics 1803 = Mathematics and statistics, other 1804 = Applied mathematics 1901 = Electrical/electronics maintenance and




other 2001 = Biological and physical sciences 2002 = Systems science and theory 2003 = Biopsychology 2004 = Multi/interdisciplinary studies, other 2005 = Mathematics and computer science 2006 = Science, technology and society 2007 = Accounting and computer science 2008 = Natural sciences 2009 = Neuroscience 2010 = Nutrition Science 2011 = Cognitive science 2101 = Parks, recreation and leisure studies 2102 = Health and physical education/fitness 2201 = Precision metal working 2202 = Woodworking 2203 = Precision production, other 2301 = Cosmetology and related personal

grooming services 2302 = Funeral service and mortuary science 2303 = Culinary arts and related services 2304 = Personal and culinary services, other 2401 = Philosophy 2402 = Religion/religious studies 2403 = Theology and religious vocations 2501 = Astronomy & astrophysics 2502 = Atmospheric sciences and meteorology 2503 = Chemistry 2504 = Geological & earth


Psychology/Psychobiology



2701 = Public administration 2702 = Social work 2703 = Public administration and social service

professions, other 2801 = Biology technician/biotechnology







and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians 2810 = Environmental Control

Technologies/Technicians 2811 = Heating, Air Conditioning, and

Refrigeration Technology/Technician 2812 = Industrial Production

Technologies/Technicians 2813 = Quality Control and Safety

Technologies/Technicians 2814 = Mechanical Engineering Related

Technologies/Technicians 2815 = Mining and Petroleum

Technologies/Technicians 2816 = Construction Engineering

Technologies 2817 = Engineering-Related Technologies 2818 = Computer Engineering




Technologies/Technicians, Other 2823 = Military Technologies 2901 = Criminal justice and corrections 2902 = Fire protection 2903 = Security and protective services, other 3001 = Anthropology 3002 = Archeology 3003 = Criminology 3004 = Demography & population studies 3005 = Economics 3006 = Geography & cartography 3007 = History

3008 = International relations & affairs 3009 = Political science and government 3010 = Sociology 3011 = Urban studies/affairs 3012 = Social sciences, other (except



studies and humanities Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who declared two majors. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8GPATYP GPA measured on 4.00 scale [If TCURENR = 1] Is your grade point average (GPA) at [NPSAS] measured on a 4.00 scale? [else] Was your grade point average (GPA) at [NPSAS] measured on a 4.00 scale?

1 = Yes 2 = No, it is measured on another grading

scale 3 = No, the school does not award grades 4 = Not applicable, have not yet earned GPA 5 = No, it is pass/fail

Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8GPA Cumulative GPA [If TCURENR = 1] What is your cumulative GPA in all classes at [NPSAS]? [else] What was your cumulative GPA in all classes at [NPSAS] through the end of your most recent term there? Range: 0.00 to 4.00 Applies to: Respondents who were graded on a 4.00 GPA scale. Instrument code: N8GPATYP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GPAEST Estimate of cumulative GPA [If TCURENR = 1] Which of the following would you say best describes your cumulative grade point average at [NPSAS]? [else] Which of the following would you say best describes your cumulative grade point average at [NPSAS] through the end of your most recent term of enrollment (in the 2007-2008 school year)?



1 = Mostly A's (3.75 and above) 2 = A's and B's (3.25-3.74) 3 = Mostly B's (2.75-3.24) 4 = B's and C's (2.25-2.74) 5 = Mostly C's (1.75-2.24) 6 = C's and D's (1.25-1.74) 7 = Mostly D's or below (below 1.24) 8 = Don't know

Applies to: Respondents who were graded on a scale other than a 4.00 GPA scale or were graded on a 4.00 GPA scale but did not provide a numeric cumulative GPA. Instrument code: N8GPATYP in (2 -9) or (N8GPATYP = 1 and N8GPA = -9) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MJGNUM Cumulative GPA in major [If TCURENR = 1] What is your cumulative GPA in your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major (just those classes required for your major) at [NPSAS]? [else] What was your cumulative GPA in your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major (just those classes required for your major) at [NPSAS] through the end of your most recent term of enrollment (in the 2007-2008 school year)? Range: 0.00 to 4.00 Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were graded on a 4.00 GPA scale, provided a numeric cumulative GPA, declared at least one major, and did not attend a less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: N8GPATYP = 1 and N8GPA >= 0 and TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL ne 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MJGPES Estimate of cumulative GPA in major [If TCURENR = 1] Which of the following would you say best describes your cumulative GPA in your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major (just those classes required for your major) at [NPSAS]? [else] Which of the following would you say best describes your cumulative GPA in your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major (just those classes required for your major) at [NPSAS] through the end of your most recent term of enrollment (in the 2007-2008 school year)?


Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were not graded on a 4.00 GPA scale or were graded on a 4.00 GPA scale

but did not provide a numeric cumulative or major GPA, declared at least one major, and did not attend a less-than-2-year school. Instrument code: (N8GPATYP in (2 -9) or (N8GPATYP = 1 and (N8GPA < 0or N8MJGNUM < 0))) and TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL ne 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CMPDGN Completed degree requirements [If N8NOATT = 1] Earlier you indicated that you are no longer enrolled because you completed the requirements for your [TDEGREE]. Is that correct? [else] Have you completed all the requirements for your [TDEGREE]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) Recode note: If TCURENR = 1 and TSTAT in (1 2) then N8CMPDGN = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGNMY Date awarded degree at NPSAS In what month and year did you complete your [TDEGREE] at [NPSAS]? Applies to: Respondents at NPSAS who had completed their degree at the time of the interview. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and N8CMPDGN = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EXNMY Date degree expected at NPSAS In what month and year do you expect to complete the requirements for your [TDEGREE]? Applies to: Respondents at NPSAS who had not completed their degree at the time of the interview, but did expect to complete their degree at some point. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and N8CMPDGN ne 1 and N8EXPN ne 1 and N8EXPDK ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EXPN Date degree expected at NPSAS: Will not finish degree. In what month and year do you expect to complete the requirements for your [TDEGREE]? Will not finish the [TDEGREE]

0 = No 1 = Yes



Applies to: Respondents at NPSAS who had not completed their degree at the time of the interview. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and N8CMPDGN ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EXPDK Date degree expected at NPSAS: don’t know In what month and year do you expect to complete the requirements for your [TDEGREE]? Don’t know

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents at NPSAS who had not completed their degree at the time of the interview. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and N8CMPDGN ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NPDG Degree completion in NPSAS year [If N8CMPDGN = 1 and TB4JULY = 1] Did you complete your [TDEGREE] on or after July 1, 2007? [else if N8CMPDGN = 1] Did you complete your [TDEGREE] between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else] Do you expect to complete your [TDEGREE] between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS who were working on a bachelor’s degree in their third year or higher and had completed or expected to complete their degree at the time of the interview. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and TDEGREE in (4 5) and (N8UGYR >= 3 or N8UGYR = -9) and N8EXPN ne 1 Recode note: 1) If TDEGREE in (4 5) and N8UGYR not in (1 2) and (200708 <= N8DGNMY <= 200806 or 200707 <= N8EXNMY <= 200806) then N8NPDG = 12) If TDEGREE in (4 5) and N8UGYR not in (1 2) and ((0 < N8DGNMY <200707 or N8DGNMY > 200806) or (0 < N8EXNMY < 200707 or N8EXNMY >200806)) then N8NPDG = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NEW01 Attended other school during NPSAS year: 1 [If TB4JULY = 1] Have you attended any other schools besides [NPSAS] since July 1, 2007? [else] Did you attend any other schools besides [NPSAS] between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview N8IPED01 Other school 1: IPEDS [If COMPMODE = 0] What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else] What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this. Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than N8SCH01 Other school 1: name [If COMPMODE = 0] What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else] What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this. School Name: Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than [NPSAS] during the [NPSAS] year. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview N8CT01 Other school 1: city [If COMPMODE = 0]What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else]What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this. City Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than [NPSAS] during the [NPSAS] year. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview N8ST01 Other school 1: state [If COMPMODE = 0] What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else] What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this. State



1 = Alabama 2 = Alaska 3 = Arizona 4 = Arkansas 5 = California 6 = Colorado 7 = Connecticut 8 = Delaware 9 = District of

Columbia 10 = Florida 11 = Georgia 12 = Hawaii 13 = Idaho 14 = Illinois 15 = Indiana 16 = Iowa 17 = Kansas 18 = Kentucky 19 = Louisiana 20 = Maine 21 = Maryland 22 = Massachusetts 23 = Michigan 24 = Minnesota 25 = Mississippi 26 = Missouri 27 = Montana 28 = Nebraska 29 = Nevada 30 = New

Hampshire 31 = New Jersey 32 = New Mexico 33 = New York

34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island 41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Fed State

Micronesia 57 = Marshall Islands 58 = Northern Mariana

Isl 59 = Palau 60 = U.S. Virgin

Islands 61 = American Military 62 = Mexico 63 = FOREIGN

COUNTRY (other than Mexico and Canada)

Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than [NPSAS] during the [NPSAS] year. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LEVL01 Other school 1: level [If COMPMODE = 0]What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else]What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this.

1 = 4-year 2 = 2-year 3 = Less-than-2-year

Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than [NPSAS] during the [NPSAS] year.

Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CTRL01 Other school 1: control [If COMPMODE = 0]What other school did you attend between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? [else]What other school did you attend, and in what city and state is it located? Please bear with me as I code this.

1 = Public 2 = Private not-for-profit 3 = Private for-profit

Applies to: Respondents who have attended a school other than [NPSAS]during the[NPSAS] year. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N81EN01 Other school 1 enrollment: July 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. July


Applies to: Respondents who attended a school other than [NPSAS] during the [NPSAS] year. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N81EN02 Other school 1 enrollment: August 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your



enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. August



N81EN03 Other school 1 enrollment: September 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. September



N81EN04 Other school 1 enrollment: October 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. October



N81EN05 Other school 1 enrollment: November 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. November



N81EN06 Other school 1 enrollment: December 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. December





N81EN07 Other school 1 enrollment: January 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. January



N81EN08 Other school 1 enrollment: February 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. February



N81EN09 Other school 1 enrollment: March 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. March



N81EN10 Other school 1 enrollment: April 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else] Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. April



N81EN11 Other school 1 enrollment: May 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the



other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. May



N81EN12 Other school 1 enrollment: June 2008 [If TB4JULY = 1]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? Please do your best to predict your enrollment through June 2008. If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. [else]Between July 2007 and June 2008, which months were you enrolled, or do you expect to be enrolled, at [{If N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]]? If your enrollment covers only a portion of any month, please include that month. Exclude any months during which you are not taking classes, such as summer break. June



N8STS01 Other school 1: enrollment intensity [If TCURENR = 1] For the period of time you have been enrolled at [{if N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]] during the 2007-2008 school year, have you been mainly a full-time or part-time student? [else] For the period of time you were enrolled at [{if N8SCH01 = -9} the other school you attended {else} [N8SCH01]] during the 2007-2008 school

year, were you mainly a full-time or part-time student?

1 = Mainly a full-time student 2 = Mainly a part-time student 3 = Equal mix of full- and part-time


N8NEW02 Attended other school during NPSAS year: 2 [If TB4JULY = 1] You already told us that you have attended the following schools since July 1, 2007: [List schools] Have you attended any other schools since July 1, 2007? [else] You already told us that you have attended the following schools between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008: [List schools] Did you attend any other schools between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes



0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who attended at least two schools other than NPSAS during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8NEW02 = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview


0 = No 1 = Yes



Applies to: Respondents who attended at least three schools other than NPSAS during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8NEW03 = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview


0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who attended at least four schools other than NPSAS during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8NEW04 = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NUMSCH Total schools attended N8NUMSCH is calculated based on enrollment history during the 2007-2008 school year and respondents’ reported attendance at other institutions during the 2007-2008 school year. If no other schools attended, N8NUMSCH = 1 [NPSAS only] If 1 other school attended, N8NUMSCH = 2 If 2 other schools attended, N8NUMSCH = 3 If 3 other schools attended, N8NUMSCH = 4 If 4 other schools attended, N8NUMSCH = 5 If 5 other schools attended, N8NUMSCH = 6

1 = NPSAS only 2 = NPSAS plus one other school 3 = NPSAS plus two other schools 4 = NPSAS plus three other schools 5 = NPSAS plus four other schools


N8EMX Monthly enrollment indicators-all schools N8EMX is the overall enrollment string. It indicates enrollment during the NPSAS year, regardless of school. It is a combined enrollment string for all schools attended. Each month is designated by a character in the 12 month (12 character) enrollment string. The string runs from July 2007 - June 2008. Within each character space, the following are designators for type of enrollment:

<1> Mostly Full-time <3> Mostly Part-time <4> Equal mix of Full-time and Part-time <9> Enrolled, status unknown <0> None <-1> Don’t know <-9> Missing

For example, if the respondent was enrolled part time for the first half of the year, and then mixed for the 2nd half of the year then N8EMX = 333333444444. If the respondent attended more than one school during the NPSAS year, there is an order of precedence for each character space: 1st = Full time 2nd = Mixed 3rd = Part time If the respondent was enrolled full time at one school during December, and also enrolled part time at another school in December, December will have the value full time. Further examples:

a) If the respondent has 2 schools and SCHENRL = 101010101010 for the NPSAS school and SCHENRL = 111111111111 for School 2, then N8EMX = 111111111111.

b) If the respondent has 2 schools and SCHENRL = 111111222222 for the NPSAS school and SCHENRL = 111111111111 for School 2, then N8EMX = 111111111111


N8ENSTCT Number of valid enrollment strings Internal variable N8ENSTCT indicated the number of valid enrollment strings for each respondent.

0 = 0 1 = 1 2 = 2 3 = 3 4 = 4 5 = 5 6 = 6


N8EXPNP Highest level of education expected at NPSAS [If TCURENR = 1] What is the highest level of education you expect to complete at [NPSAS]? [else] What was the highest level of education you expected to complete at [NPSAS]?

0 = No degree or certificate expected 2 = Undergraduate certificate/diploma (occupational/technical program) 3 = Associate's degree 4 = Bachelor's degree 6 = Post-baccalaureate certificate or program 8 = Master's degree 9 = Post-master's certificate



10 = Professional degree 11 = Doctoral degree

Applies to: Respondents who were not enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT in (3 4) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EXPEVR Highest level of education expected ever What is the highest level of education you ever expect to complete at any school?

0 = No degree or certificate expected 2 = Undergraduate certificate or diploma

(occupational or technical program) 3 = Associate's degree 4 = Bachelor's degree 6 = Post-baccalaureate certificate or program 8 = Master’s degree 9 = Post-master's certificate 10 = Professional degree 11 = Doctoral degree

Applies to: Respondents who were not working on a doctoral degree at NPSAS. Instrument code: TDEGREE ne 11 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NFST NPSAS first school attended after high school Earlier you told us about your enrollment status for the 2007-2008 school year. Now we'd like to ask you some questions about your enrollment prior to the 2007-2008 school year. Was [NPSAS] the first college, university, or trade school you enrolled in after completing your high school requirements?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8FSTMY Date attended first school In what month and year did you first attend any college, university, or trade school after high school? Applies to: Undergraduate respondents whose first school was not NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8NFST ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DGBMY Date first attended NPSAS ever In which month and year did you first attend [NPSAS] after completing your high school requirements? Applies to: Undergraduate respondents.

Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PGMSMY Date began graduate studies at NPSAS When did you begin your [TDEGREE] at [NPSAS]? Applies to: Graduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at NPSAS. Instrument code: TSTAT = 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PGMFT Previous enrollment intensity at NPSAS Since you started working on your [TDEGREE], have you been enrolled mainly as a full-time or a part-time student?

1 = Mainly a full-time student 2 = Mainly a part-time student 3 = Equal mix of full- and part-time

Applies to: Respondents enrolled in a degree program who enrolled at NPSAS for the first time prior to the 2007-2008 school year or who enrolled at NPSAS in the 2007-2008 school year but did not previously provide an enrollment intensity. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 2) and ((0 < N8DGBMY <= 200707 or 0 < N8PGMSMY <= 200707) or ((N8DGBMY > 200707 or N8PGMSMY > 200707) and [enrollment intensity at NPSAS unknown]) or (N8DGBMY = -9 or N8PGMSMY = -9)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRDG Earned prior degree/certificates [If TDEGREE in (1 7)] Have you earned any degrees or certificates since you completed your high school requirements? (Please exclude any certification not earned through a course of study offered by a college, university, or trade school.) [else if N8CMPDGN ne 1] Other than the [TDEGREE] that you [{if TCURENR = 1} are {else} were] working on at [NPSAS], have you earned any other degrees or certificates since you completed your high school requirements? (Please exclude any certification not earned through a course of study offered by a college, university, or trade school.) [else] Other than the [TDEGREE] that you earned at [NPSAS], have you earned any other degrees or certificates since you completed your high school requirements? (Please exclude any certification not earned through a course of study offered by a college, university, or trade school.)

0 = No 1 = Yes 2 = Don't know




N8OTCE Prior degree: undergraduate certificate/diploma. What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Undergraduate certificate or diploma

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who received a prior degree or certificate. Instrument code: N8PRDG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OTAS Prior degree: associate’s degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Associate’s degree

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTBA Prior degree: 4-year bachelor’s degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? 4-year bachelor’s degree

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OT5BA Prior degree: 5-year bachelor’s degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? 5-year bachelor’s degree program that requires at least 5 years to complete

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPB Prior degree: post-baccalaureate certificate What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Post-baccalaureate certificate

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who received a prior degree or certificate.

Instrument code: N8PRDG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OTMA Prior degree: master’s degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Master’s degree

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPM Prior degree: post-master’s certificate What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Post-master’s certificate

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPR Prior degree: professional degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Professional degree (only includes the following degree programs: chiropractic, dentistry, law, medicine, optometry, osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, ministry or divinity, or veterinary medicine)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTDR Prior degree: doctoral degree What degrees or certificates have you already earned? Doctoral degree

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PRBNP Prior bachelor’s degree earned at NPSAS Did you earn your bachelor’s degree at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes



Applies to: Respondents who received a prior 4- or 5-year bachelor’s degree. Instrument code: N8OTBA = 1 or N8OT5BA = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRBMY Date of prior bachelor’s degree completion In what month and year was your bachelor’s degree awarded? Applies to: Respondents who received a prior 4- or 5-year bachelor’s degree. Instrument code: N8OTBA = 1 or N8OT5BA = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NPPR Prior bachelor’s degree completed in NPSAS year Did you complete your bachelor’s degree between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who received a prior 4- or 5-year bachelor’s degree. Instrument code: N8OTBA = 1 or N8OT5BA = 1 Recode note: 1) If (N8OT5BA = 1 or N8OTBA = 1) and 200707 <= N8PRBMY <= 200806 then N8NPPR = 1 2) If (N8OT5BA = 1 or N8OTBA = 1) and 0 < N8PRBMY < 200707 then N8NPPR = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8BBELG B & B eligibility flag Initialize N8BBELG = 0 If TDEGREE in (4 5) then do: If N8CMPDGN = 1 and (N8DGNMY in NPSAS year or N8NPDG = 1) then N8BBELG = 1 else if N8CMPDGN ne 1 and (N8EXNMY in NPSAS year or N8NPDG = 1) then N8BBELG = 1 else if N8PRDG = 1 and (N8OTBA = 1 or N8OT5BA = 1) and N8PRBNP = 1 and (N8PRBMY in NPSAS year or N8NPPR = 1) then N8BBELG = 1 else N8BBELG = 0 else if TDEGREE not in (4 5) then do: If N8PRDG = 1 and (N8OTBA = 1 or N8OT5BA = 1) and N8PRBNP = 1 and (N8PRBMY in NPSAS year or N8NPPR = 1) then N8BBELG = 1 else N8BBELG = 0 else N8BBELG = 0

0 = Not B&B eligible 1 = B&B eligible


N8EVRCC Ever attended a community college Have you ever taken classes for credit offered through a community college?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Recode note: If TSTAT in (1 3) and SCHLEVEL = 2 then N8EVRCC = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EVR4YR Ever attended 4-year school Have you ever attended a 4-year college or university?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Recode note: If TSTAT in (1 3) and SCHLEVEL = 1 then N8EVR4YR = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8DOBMY Date of birth So that the rest of this interview may be customized for you, please answer the following questions. In what month and year were you born? Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If [preloaded date of birth] > 0 then N8DOBMY = [preloaded date of birth] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LT30 Categorical age ranges What is your age range? Are you...

1 = 18-23 2 = 24-29 3 = 30 or over 4 = Under 18

Applies to: Respondents who did not provide their complete date of birth. Instrument code: N8DOBMY < 0 or (N8DOBMY > 0 and N8DOBMY = [month missing]) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

TAGE Age as of January 1, 2008 Internal Variable TAGE calculates age as of January 1, 2008 Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8MARR Current marital status [If [preloaded date of birth] ne -9] So that the rest of this interview may be customized for you, please answer the following questions. What is your current marital status? [else] What is your current marital status?

1 = Single, never married 2 = Married 3 = Separated 4 = Divorced 5 = Widowed


N8GENDR Gender What is your gender?

1 = Male 2 = Female


N8DIPL Type of high school completion Which of the following best describes your high school completion?

1 = Received a high school diploma

2 = Received a GED (General Educational Development) certificate or other equivalent credential

3 = Received a high school completion certificate

4 = Attended a foreign high school 5 = Did not complete high school or a high

school equivalency program 6 = You were home schooled


N8HSMY Date of high school completion [If N8DIPL = 1] In what month and year did you receive your high school diploma? [else if N8DIPL = 2] In what month and year did you receive your GED? [else if N8DIPL = 3] In what month and year did you receive your high school certificate? [else] In what month and year did you complete high school?

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Recode note: If N8DIPL = 5 then N8HSMY = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSCMP Completing high school requirements for entire time enrolled at NPSAS [If TB4JULY = 1] Were you completing high school requirements for the entire time you were enrolled at [NPSAS] since July 1, 2007? [else] Were you completing high school requirements for the entire time you were enrolled at [NPSAS] between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes 2 = Don't know

Applies to: All respondents Recode note: If N8NPELG = 1 and N8HSCMP = -3 then N8HSCMP = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



Section B: Education Experiences N8HSTYP Type of high school attended. Was your high school public or private?

1 = Public 2 = Private 3 = Attended a foreign high school

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents except those who received a GED or were home schooled. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8DIPL not in (2 6) Recode note: If N8DIPL = 4 then N8HSTYP = 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSST State last attended high school. In which state did you last attend high school?


Columbia 10 = Florida 11 = Georgia 12 = Hawaii 13 = Idaho 14 = Illinois 15 = Indiana 16 = Iowa 17 = Kansas 18 = Kentucky 19 = Louisiana 20 = Maine 21 = Maryland 22 = Massachusetts 23 = Michigan 24 = Minnesota 25 = Mississippi 26 = Missouri 27 = Montana 28 = Nebraska 29 = Nevada 30 = New Hampshire 31 = New Jersey 32 = New Mexico 33 = New York

34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island 41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Fed State


Isl 59 = Palau 60 = Virgin Islands 61 = American Military 62 = Mexico 63 = FOREIGN


Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who received a high school diploma. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8DIPL = 1

Recode note: If N8DIPL = 1 and N8HSTYP = 3 then N8HSST = 63 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview N8SCHUS Ever attended elementary or secondary school outside the U.S. Did you ever attend elementary or secondary school (kindergarten through 12th grade) outside of the United States or its territories?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents Recode note: If N8DIPL = 4 or N8HSTYP = 3 or N8HSST in (53 62 63) then N8SCHUS = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSGPA High school GPA. What was your unweighted cumulative high school GPA? Range: 0.00 to 4.00 Applies to: First- and second-year undergraduate respondents under age 30 who received a high school diploma and had a high school GPA. Instrument code: N8UGYR in (1 2) and TAGE < 30 and N8DIPL = 1 and N8HSGPN ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSGPN No high school GPA. What was your unweighted cumulative high school GPA? Did not have a high school GPA

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: First- and second-year undergraduate respondents under age 30 who received a high school diploma. Instrument code: N8UGYR in (1 2) and TAGE < 30 and N8DIPL = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSGPES Estimate of high school GPA. Which of the following would you say best describes your cumulative high school GPA?




Applies to: First- and second-year undergraduate respondents under age 30 who received a high school diploma but did not provide a high school GPA. Instrument code: N8DIPL = 1 and N8UGYR in (1 2) and TAGE < 30 and N8HSGPA < 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MATHA High school math: algebra II. Which of the following math courses did you complete while in high school? Algebra II

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MATHB High school math: algebra III or trigonometry. Which of the following math courses did you complete while in high school? Algebra III or Trigonometry

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MATHC High school math: pre-calculus or analytic geometry. Which of the following math courses did you complete while in high school? Pre-calculus or analytic geometry

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MATHD High school math: calculus. Which of the following math courses did you complete while in high school? Calculus

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MATHE High school math: statistics. Which of the following math courses did you complete while in high school? Statistics

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30.

Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LABA Lab science courses: biology. While in high school, did you take any of the following laboratory science courses? Biology

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LABB Lab science courses: chemistry. While in high school, did you take any of the following laboratory science courses? Chemistry

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LABC Lab science courses: physics. While in high school, did you take any of the following laboratory science courses? Physics

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8COLLCR Earned college credit during high school. While you were in high school, did you take any courses at a college or university for which you earned college credit?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AP Advanced placement credit. When you first enrolled in college, did you have any advanced placement (AP) credits that were accepted by [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8SAT Took SAT college exam. Did you take the. SAT

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8ACT Took ACT college exam. Did you take the ACT

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8REMEVR Ever taken remedial courses. Now we have some questions about your educational experiences since high school. Since you completed high school, have you taken remedial or developmental courses to improve your basic skills, such as in mathematics, reading, writing, or studying?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8REMSY Took remedial courses in 2007-2008 school year [If TCURENR = 1] Have you taken any remedial or developmental courses during the 2007-2008 school year? (If you are currently enrolled in a remedial or developmental course, please answer "yes.") [else] Did you take any remedial or developmental courses during the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: First- and second-year undergraduate respondents or undergraduate respondents not enrolled in a degree program who took remedial classes. Instrument code: N8REMEVR = 1 and (N8UGYR in (1 2) or TSTAT = 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8REMNUM Number of remedial courses in 2007-2008 school year [If TCURENR = 1] How many remedial or developmental courses have you taken during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] How many remedial or developmental courses did you take during the 2007-2008 school year? Courses Observed range: 1 - 42

Applies to: First- and second-year undergraduate respondents or undergraduate respondents not enrolled in a degree program who took remedial classes in the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8REMEVR = 1 and (N8UGYR in (1 2) or TSTAT = 3) and N8REMSY = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DSTED Distance education: took courses [If TCURENR = 1] [{If TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about your educational experiences since high school.] During the 2007-2008 school year, have you taken any courses for credit that were distance education courses? (Distance education courses are primarily delivered using live, interactive audio or videoconferencing, pre-recorded instructional videos, webcasts, CD-ROM, or DVD, or computer-based systems delivered over the Internet. Distance education does not include correspondence courses.) [else] [{If TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about your educational experiences since high school.] During the 2007-2008 school year, did you take any courses for credit that were distance education courses? (Distance education courses are primarily delivered using live, interactive audio or videoconferencing, pre-recorded instructional videos, webcasts, CD-ROM, or DVD, or computer-based systems delivered over the Internet. Distance education does not include correspondence courses.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8ENTPGM Distance education: entire program [If TDEGREE in (1 7)] [{If TCURENR = 1} Are {else} Were] all of the courses you have taken taught through distance education? [else] [{If TCURENR = 1} Is {else} Was] your entire degree program taught through distance education?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who took distance education courses in the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8DSTED = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8DSLOC Distance education: location of courses [If TCURENR = 1] Are the distance education courses that you are enrolled in offered through [NPSAS], another institution, or both? [else] Were the distance education courses that you were enrolled in offered through [NPSAS], another institution, or both?

1 = [NPSAS] 2 = Another institution 3 = Both

Applies to: Respondents who took distance education courses in the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8DSTED = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CLSWRK Hours per week on schoolwork outside of class [If TCURENR = 1] How many hours, on average, do you spend per week on schoolwork outside of class for all of your classes at [NPSAS]? [else] How many hours, on average, did you spend per week on schoolwork outside of class for all of your classes at [NPSAS] (during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year)? Hours Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TRNCRD Ever tried to transfer credits to NPSAS Have you ever tried to transfer any credits from another institution to [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TRNACC Transfer credits: amount accepted Did [NPSAS] accept all, some, or none of the credits you wanted to transfer?

1 = All 2 = Some 3 = None

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who tried to transfer credits to NPSAS. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8TRNCRD = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SABEVR Ever study abroad During your undergraduate education at [NPSAS], did you ever study abroad?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SALEN Study abroad: length How long did you study abroad? Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who studied abroad. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8SABEVR = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SAPRD Study abroad: time period How long did you study abroad?

1 = Year(s) 2 = Term(s) or Semester(s) 3 = Month(s) 4 = Week(s)

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who studied abroad. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8SABEVR = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OTLNG Number of languages studied How many languages, other than English, have you studied for at least one semester in college? Observed range: 1 - 7 Applies to: B&B eligible respondents. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SPLGA Languages studied: African What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? African (Bantu, Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo, Khoisan, Chadic, Ethiopic, and Hamito-Semitic)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who studied a language other than English for at least one semester in college. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8OTLNG > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8SPLGB Languages studied: American Indian or Native American What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? American Indian or Native American Languages

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGC Languages studied: American Sign Language What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? American Sign Language

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGD Languages studied: Asian What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Asian (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tibetan, Bahasa, Burese, Filipino/Tagalog, Khmer/Cambodian, Laotian, Thai, Vietnamese, Hindi, Sanskrit, Bengali, Punjabi, Tamil, Urdu)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGE Languages studied: Celtic What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Celtic (Scots Gaelic, Welsh, Breton, Cornish, Manx, Galatian)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who studied a language other than English for at least one semester in college.

Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8OTLNG > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SPLGF Languages studied: Classical What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Classical (Ancient Greek, Latin)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGG Languages studied: Germanic What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Germanic (German, Scandinavian, Danish, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGH Languages studied: Middle Eastern What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Middle Eastern (Arabic, Hebrew, Farsi/Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, Baluchi, Dari, Tadzhik, Ossetian)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGI Languages studied: Modern Greek What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Modern Greek

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who studied a language other than English for at least one semester in college.



Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8OTLNG > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SPLGJ Languages studied: Romance What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Romance (French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Romanian, Catalan)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGK Languages studied: Slavic What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Slavic (Baltic, Russian, Albanian, Bulgarian, Czech, Polish, Serbian, Croatian, Ukrainian)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SPLGL Languages studied: Turkic What types of languages have you studied for at least one semester in college? Turkic (Turkish, Finnish, Hungarian, Mongolian)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MAJCHG Ever formally changed major [If TCURENR = 1] Have you ever formally changed your major at [NPSAS]? [else] Did you ever formally change your major at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program at a 4-year or 2-year school and had declared at least one major. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL ne 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CHGNUM Frequency of formal major change Have you changed your major

1 = Once 2 = More than once

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program at a 4-year or 2-year school, had declared at least one major, and changed their major. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL ne 3 and N8MAJCHG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OMJ1 Original major: string What was your original declared major at [NPSAS]? Applies to: Third-, fourth-, and fifth-year undergraduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at a 4-year or 2-year school who had changed their major. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) and N8UGYR in (3 4 5) and N8MAJCHG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8OM1GEN Original major: general code What was your original declared major at [NPSAS]?


2 = Architecture, planning, and related services

3 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies 4 = Arts--visual and performing 5 = Biological and biomedical sciences 6 = Business, management, marketing, and

related support services 7 = Communication, journalism,

communication technologies, and related programs




sciences



14 = Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics

15 = Health professions and related clinical sciences

16 = Legal professions and studies 17 = Library science 18 = Mathematics and statistics 19 = Mechanical and repair




professions 28 = Science technologies/technicians 29 = Security & protective services 30 = Social sciences and history (except

psychology) 31 = Transportation & materials moving 32 = Liberal arts and sciences, general studies

and humanities 33 = Other

Applies to: Third-, fourth-, and fifth-year undergraduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at a 4-year or 2-year school who had changed their major. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) and N8UGYR in (3 4 5) and N8MAJCHG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8OM1SPE Original major: specific code What was your original declared major at [NPSAS]?


research 103 = Animal sciences 104 = Food science and technology 105 = Plant sciences 106 = Soil sciences 107 = Environmental Sciences 108 = Fishing and Fisheries Sciences and


Products/Pulp and Paper Technology

111 = Forestry, other 112 = Wildlife and Wildlands Sciences and

Management

201 = Architecture 202 = City/urban, community, and regional



services, other 301 = Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender

studies 401 = Art history, criticism & conservation 402 = Design & applied arts 403 = Drama/theatre arts and stagecraft 404 = Fine and studio art 405 = Music, general 406 = Music history, literature, and theory 407 = Visual and performing arts, other 408 = Commercial and advertising art 409 = Dance 410 = Film/video and photographic arts 411 = Crafts/craft design, folk art and

artisanry 501 = General biology 502 = Biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular

biology 503 = Botany/plant biology 504 = Genetics 505 = Microbiological sciences & immunology 506 = Physiology, pathology & related

sciences 507 = Zoology/animal biology 508 = Biological and biomedical sciences 512 = Biological & biomedical sciences, other 513 = Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical





services 605 = Human resources management and

services 606 = Marketing 607 = Business, management, marketing, and



Administration/Management 701 = Communication and media studies



702 = Communication technologies 703 = Journalism 704 = Communication/journalism/comm.






general 901 = Construction trades 1001 = Curriculum and instruction 1002 = Educational administration and

supervision 1003 = Educational/instructional media

design 1004 = Special education and teaching 1005 = Student counseling and personnel










administration 1016 = Teaching assistant/aide 1017 = Childcare provider/assistant 1018 = Physical education teaching and


Education 1021 = Foreign Language Teacher Education 1022 = Mathematics Teacher Education

1023 = Science Teacher education/General science teacher education

1024 = Social Studies Teacher education 1025 = Biology Teacher Education 1026 = Chemistry Teacher Education 1027 = History Teacher Education 1028 = Physics Teacher Education 1029 = International and Comparative





Astronautical engineering 1112 = Agricultural/Biological engineering

and Bioengineering 1113 = Architectural engineering 1114 = Ceramic sciences and engineering 1115 = Construction engineering 1116 = Engineering mechanics 1117 = Engineering physics 1118 = Engineering science 1119 = Forest engineering 1120 = Geological/geophysical engineering 1121 = Industrial engineering 1122 = Manufacturing engineering 1123 = Materials engineering 1124 = Materials science 1125 = Metallurgical engineering 1126 = Mining and mineral engineering 1127 = Naval Architecture and marine

engineering 1128 = Nuclear engineering 1129 = Ocean engineering 1130 = Operations research 1131 = Petroleum engineering 1132 = Polymer/plastics engineering 1133 = Surveying engineering 1134 = Systems engineering 1135 = Textile sciences and engineering 1201 = Creative writing 1202 = American literature 1203 = English literature 1204 = English language and literature/letters,


sciences



1302 = Family and consumer sciences/human sciences, general

1303 = Child care and support services management

1304 = Child care provider/assistant (also under Education)

1305 = Apparel and textiles 1306 = Family and consumer sciences/human






literature 1410 = French language and Literature 1411 = Hebrew language and literature 1412 = Hindi language and literature 1413 = Iranian/Persian languages, literatures,






sciences 1505 = Clinical/medical lab science/allied 1506 = Dental support services/allied 1507 = Dentistry 1508 = Health & medical administrative


technicians/technologists 1511 = Health/medical preparatory programs 1512 = Medicine, including psychiatry

1513 = Mental/social health services and allied

1514 = Clinical pastoral counseling/ patient counseling

1515 = Nursing/registered (RN, ASN, BSN, MSN)

1516 = Nursing science (MS, PhD) 1517 = Licensed practical/vocational nurse





professions 1525 = Veterinary medicine 1526 = Health aides/attendants/orderlies 1527 = Dietetics and clinical nutrition services 1528 = Health /related clinical services, other 1601 = Law 1602 = Legal support services 1603 = General undergraduate legal studies

including pre-law 1604 = Legal professions and studies, other 1701 = Library science 1801 = Mathematics 1802 = Statistics 1803 = Mathematics and statistics, other 1804 = Applied mathematics 1901 = Electrical/electronics maintenance and




other 2001 = Biological and physical sciences 2002 = Systems science and theory 2003 = Biopsychology 2004 = Multi/interdisciplinary studies, other 2005 = Mathematics and computer science 2006 = Science, technology and society 2007 = Accounting and computer science 2008 = Natural sciences 2009 = Neuroscience 2010 = Nutrition Science 2011 = Cognitive science 2101 = Parks, recreation and leisure studies 2102 = Health and physical education/fitness 2201 = Precision metal working 2202 = Woodworking



2203 = Precision production, other 2301 = Cosmetology and related personal

grooming services 2302 = Funeral service and mortuary science 2303 = Culinary arts and related services 2304 = Personal and culinary services, other 2401 = Philosophy 2402 = Religion/religious studies 2403 = Theology and religious vocations 2501 = Astronomy & astrophysics 2502 = Atmospheric sciences and

meteorology 2503 = Chemistry 2504 = Geological & earth


Psychology/Psychobiology 2701 = Public administration 2702 = Social work 2703 = Public administration and social

service professions, other 2801 = Biology technician/biotechnology







and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians

2810 = Environmental Control Technologies/Technicians

2811 = Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration

Technology/Technician 2812 = Industrial Production

Technologies/Technicians

2813 = Quality Control and Safety Technologies/Technicians

2814 = Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/Technicians

2815 = Mining and Petroleum Technologies/Technicians

2816 = Construction Engineering Technologies

2817 = Engineering-Related Technologies 2818 = Computer Engineering




Technologies/Technicians, Other 2823 = Military Technologies 2901 = Criminal justice and corrections 2902 = Fire protection 2903 = Security and protective services, other 3001 = Anthropology 3002 = Archeology 3003 = Criminology 3004 = Demography & population studies 3005 = Economics 3006 = Geography & cartography 3007 = History 3008 = International relations & affairs 3009 = Political science and government 3010 = Sociology 3011 = Urban studies/affairs 3012 = Social sciences, other (except



studies and humanities Applies to: Third-, fourth-, and fifth-year undergraduate respondents enrolled in a degree program at a 4-year or 2-year school who had changed their major. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and N8DBLMAJ ne 3 and NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) and N8UGYR in (3 4 5) and N8MAJCHG = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview



N8TCHPLN Plan to teach at the K-12 level Do you plan on becoming a teacher at the K-12 (Kindergarten-12th grade) level? (If you are currently teaching or have taught, please answer this question about your plans to continue teaching.)

1 = Definitely yes 2 = Probably yes 3 = Probably no 4 = Definitely no

Applies to: Non B&B eligible respondents. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TCHCRS Taking courses for K-12 level teacher preparation Are you currently taking or planning to take any courses at a college or university that would prepare you to teach at the K-12 (Kindergarten-12th grade) level?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Non B&B eligible respondents who planned to teach at the K-12 level. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 0 and N8TCHPLN in (-9 1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



Section C: Financial Aid

N8RCVAID Received financial aid in the 2007-2008 school year [If TCURENR = 1] Have you received financial aid - such as grants, loans, or scholarships - during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] Did you receive financial aid - such as grants, loans, or scholarships - during the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8APPAID Applied for financial aid in the 2007-2008 school year Did you apply for financial aid for the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If N8RCVAID = 1 then N8APPAID = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NODEBT Reason for not applying: did not want to take on the debt Please indicate whether the following were reasons you did not apply for financial aid. Was it because you. Did not want to take on the debt

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who did not apply for financial aid. Instrument code: N8APPAID = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NONEED Reason for not applying: no need Please indicate whether the following were reasons you did not apply for financial aid. Was it because you. Did not need financial aid

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8THKEL Reason for not applying: thought ineligible Please indicate whether the following were reasons you did not apply for financial aid. Was it because you. Thought you would be ineligible

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who did not apply for financial aid. Instrument code: N8APPAID = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale student interview

N8HSAPP Reason for not applying: no information about how to apply Please indicate whether the following were reasons you did not apply for financial aid. Was it because you. Did not have enough information about how to apply for financial aid

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8FMCON Reason for not applying: forms were too much work Please indicate whether the following were reasons you did not apply for financial aid. Was it because you. Thought the application forms were too much work or too time consuming

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8FEDLN Received federal loans in the 2007-2008 school year During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive any federal loans, such as a Stafford Loan? (Federal student loans include: subsidized and unsubsidized Stafford Loans, Perkins Loans, and Graduate and Professional Student PLUS Loans. Do not include Parent PLUS Loans.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who received financial aid. Instrument code: N8RCVAID = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8PELL Received Pell grant in the 2007-2008 school year Did you receive a federal Pell grant for the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who received financial aid. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8RCVAID = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8STGRT Received state grant or scholarship During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive a. State grant or scholarship

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8STAMT State grant or scholarship amount During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive a State grant or scholarship amount Applies to: Respondents who received a state grant or scholarship. Instrument code: N8RCVAID = 1 and N8STGRT = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8INGRT Received college grant or scholarship During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive a College grant or scholarship

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8INAMT College grant or scholarship amount During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive a College grant or scholarship amount Applies to: Respondents who received a college grant or scholarship. Instrument code: N8RCVAID = 1 and N8INGRT = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8STNONE Did not receive state or college aid During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive a None of the above

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PRVLN Received private or alternative loan in the 2007-2008 school year During the 2007-2008 school year, did you take out any private or alternative loans from a financial institution? Some examples of commonly used private loans include: Sallie Mae Signature Student Loan, CitiAssist Undergraduate and Graduate Loan, Chase Education One Private Student Loan, Nellie Mae EXCEL Loan, and Access Group Loans. (Keep in mind that many lenders that offer private loans might also offer federal Stafford, Graduate/Professional PLUS loans, and Parent PLUS loans. For this question we want to know about private or alternative loans only.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PRVAMT Amount of private or alternative loan How much did you borrow in alternative or private loans for the 2007-2008 school year? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate.) Applies to: Respondents who received a private or alternative loan. Instrument code: N8PRVLN = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRVEST Amount of private or alternative loan: estimate For the 2007-2008 school year, would you say that you borrowed...

1 = Less than $3,000 2 = $3,000 - $5,999 3 = $6,000 - $8,999 4 = $9,000 - $11,999 5 = $12,000 - $14,999 6 = $15,000 - $17,999 7 = $18,000 or more 8 = Don't know

Applies to: Respondents who received a private or alternative loan, but did not provide an amount.



Instrument code: N8PRVLN = 1 and N8PRVAMT = -9 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8COSIGN Cosigner for student loans During the 2007-2008 school year, did anyone cosign for any of the student loans you received?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If N8FEDLN in (0 -3) and N8PRVLN = 0 then N8COSIGN = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ADNEMP Received employer aid Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Employer aid

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AMNEMP Employer aid amount Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Employer aid amount Applies to: Respondents who received employer aid. Instrument code: N8ADNEMP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ADNPMP Received aid from parent’s employer Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Aid from parent’s employer

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AMNPMP Aid from parent’s employer amount Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Aid from parent’s employer amount

Applies to: Respondents who received aid from their parent’s employer. Instrument code: N8ADNPMP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ADNPRV Received aid from private organization Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Aid from a private organization

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AMNPRV Private organization aid amount Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Aid from a private organization amount Applies to: Respondents who received aid from a private organization. Instrument code: N8ADNPRV = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ADNVET Received veteran’s benefits Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Veteran’s benefits

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AMNVET Veteran’s benefits amount Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid from any of the following sources? Veteran’s benefits amount Applies to: Respondents who received veteran’s benefits. Instrument code: N8ADNVET = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ADNON No other aid Some students receive financial aid from sources outside their school financial aid office. During the 2007-2008 school year, did you receive financial aid



from any of the following sources? None of the Above

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AIDA Financial aid decisions: talked with staff When you were making decisions about financial aid, which of the following did you do? Talked with counselor or financial aid office staff in high school or college

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AIDB Financial aid decisions: discussed with family/friends When you were making decisions about financial aid, which of the following did you do? Discussed options with family and/or friends

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AIDC Financial aid decisions: researched options on the internet When you were making decisions about financial aid, which of the following did you do? Researched options on the Internet

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AIDD Financial aid decisions: compared lender options When you were making decisions about financial aid, which of the following did you do? Compared options offered by different lenders

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8UGLN Amount borrowed for undergraduate loans [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3 and TB4JULY = 1] How much [{if TSTAT in (2 4)} did you borrow {else} have you already borrowed] in student loans for your college or vocational education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please

provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) [else if NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] Through the end of the 2007-2008 school year, how much [{if TSTAT in (2 4)} did you borrow {else} have you already borrowed] in student loans for your college or vocational education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) [else] How much [{if TSTAT in (2 4)} did you borrow {else} have you already borrowed] in student loans for your undergraduate education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ULNEST Amount borrowed for undergraduate loans: estimate [If NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL = 3] The NPSAS interview is designed to help us better understand how students and their families pay for college expenses through savings, financial aid, and work. Please consider answering this important question. For your college or vocational education, would you say that you [{if TSTAT in (2 4)} borrowed {else} have borrowed] [else] The NPSAS interview is designed to help us better understand how students and their families pay for college expenses through savings, financial aid, and work. Please consider answering this important question. For your undergraduate education, would you say that you [{if TSTAT in (2 4)} borrowed {else} have borrowed]

0 = $0 1 = Less than $5,000 2 = $5,000 - $9,999 3 = $10,000 - $14,999 4 = $15,000 - $19,999 5 = $20,000 - $24,999 6 = $25,000 - $29,999 7 = $30,000 or more 8 = Don't know

Applies to: Respondents who did not provide an amount borrowed for their undergraduate education. Instrument code: N8UGLN = -9 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8UGOWE Amount owed for undergraduate loans Do you still owe all, some, or none of that amount (that you borrowed for your undergraduate education)?



0 = None 1 = Some 2 = All

Applies to: Respondents who borrowed money for their undergraduate education. Instrument code: N8UGLN > 0 or N8ULNEST > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRLN Amount borrowed for graduate loans [If TCURENR = 1 and TB4JULY = 1] How much have you already borrowed in student loans for your graduate education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) [else if TCURENR = 0 and TB4JULY = 1] How much did you borrow in student loans for your graduate education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) [else] Through the end of the 2007-2008 school year, how much did you borrow in student loans for your graduate education? (If you are unsure of the amount, please provide your best estimate. Please do not include any money borrowed from family or friends.) Applies to: Graduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GLNEST Amount borrowed for graduate loans: estimate [If TCURENR = 1] The NPSAS interview is designed to help us better understand how students and their families pay for college expenses through savings, financial aid, and work. Please consider answering this important question. Would you say that you have borrowed. [else] The NPSAS interview is designed to help us better understand how students and their families pay for college expenses through savings, financial aid, and work. Please consider answering this important question. Would you say that you borrowed.

0 = $0 1 = Less than $20,000 2 = $20,000 - $39,999 3 = $40,000 - $59,999 4 = $60,000 - $79,999 5 = $80,000 - $99,999 6 = $100,000 or more 7 = Don't know

Applies to: Graduate respondents who did not provide an amount borrowed for their graduate education.

Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8GRLN = -9 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GROWE Amount owed for graduate loans Do you still owe all, some, or none of that amount (that you borrowed for your graduate education)?

0 = None 1 = Some 2 = All

Applies to: Graduate respondents who borrowed money for their graduate education. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and (N8GRLN > 0 or N8GLNEST > 0) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8REPAY Expect help in repaying loans [If N8MARR = 2] An important part of this study is finding out how students plan to repay student loans. We would like to know if anyone, such as family members or friends, might plan to assist you in repaying your student loans. Do you expect that anyone, other than your spouse, will help you repay your student loans? [else] An important part of this study is finding out how students plan to repay student loans. We would like to know if anyone, such as family members or friends, might plan to assist you in repaying your student loans. Do you expect that anyone will help you repay your student loans?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who owe money on their undergraduate or graduate loans. Instrument code: N8UGOWE > 0 or N8GROWE > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CSTBKS Cost of books and supplies During the 2007-2008 school year, about how much did you spend on. Books and supplies for classes? Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CMPTR Cost of special equipment (computers/microscopes/tools) During the 2007-2008 school year, about how much did you spend on special equipment, such as computers, microscopes, and tools? Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8ACG Heard of Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) Have you heard of the Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG), a new need-based federal grant for first- and second-year undergraduate students who took more rigorous courses in high school?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible first- and second-year undergraduate respondents in a degree program who were U.S. citizens. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and N8UGYR in (1 2) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSCNS Learned about Academic Competitiveness Grant: high school counselor How did you learn about the Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG)? From a high school counselor

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible first- and second-year undergraduate respondents in a degree program who were U.S. citizens and had heard of the ACG grant. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and N8UGYR in (1 2) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8ACG ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8FINCNS Learned about Academic Competitiveness Grant: college counselor How did you learn about the Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG)? From a financial aid counselor at your college

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LETREC Learned about Academic Competitiveness Grant: letter How did you learn about the Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG)? From a letter you received

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible first- and second-year undergraduate respondents in a degree program who were U.S. citizens and had heard of the ACG grant.

Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and N8UGYR in (1 2) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8ACG ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LNOTH Learned about Academic Competitiveness Grant: other How did you learn about the Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG)? Other

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8ENRFT Academic Competitiveness Grant requirements: enrolled full time The following conditions are requirements to receive an ACG grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. You must be enrolled full time

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RIGPGM Academic Competitiveness Grant requirements: rigorous program The following conditions are requirements to receive an ACG grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. You must have completed a rigorous high school program of study

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8ERNGPA Academic Competitiveness Grant requirements: 3.0 GPA in first year The following conditions are requirements to receive an ACG grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. In order to receive the grant in your second year, you must have earned a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or higher in your first year of college

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8FTCHC Academic Competitiveness Grant affect full time enrollment [If TB4JULY = 1] Did the availability of the ACG grant affect your choice to enroll full time? [else] Did the availability of the ACG grant affect your choice to enroll full time in the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible first- and second-year undergraduate respondents in a degree program who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the ACG grant and were enrolled full time. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and N8UGYR in (1 2) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8ACG ne 0 and [enrolled full time at NPSAS] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PTPLN Academic Competitiveness Grant affect plans to enroll full time [If TB4JULY = 1] In the next year, do you plan to enroll full time in order to become eligible for the ACG? [else] In the 2008-2009 school year (July 1, 2008 - June 30, 2009), do you plan to enroll full time in order to become eligible for the ACG?


Applies to: Pell eligible first-year undergraduate respondents in a degree program who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the ACG grant and were not enrolled full time. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and N8UGYR = 1 and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8ACG ne 0 and [not enrolled full time at NPSAS] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SMART Heard of SMART grant Have you heard of the National SMART grant, a new need-based federal grant for eligible third- and fourth-year undergraduates who pursue college majors in mathematics, engineering, science, or certain foreign languages?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT in (1 3) and Y_CITZN ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SMTFT SMART grant requirements: enrolled full time The following conditions are requirements to receive a SMART grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. You must be enrolled full time

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens and had heard of the SMART grant. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT in (1 3) and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SMTMJR SMART grant requirements: specific majors The following conditions are requirements to receive a SMART grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. You must major in math, science, engineering, or certain foreign languages

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SMTGPA SMART grant requirements: 3.0 major GPA. The following conditions are requirements to receive a SMART grant. Please indicate whether you were aware of each of these requirements. You must have earned a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or higher in the courses required for your major

0 = No 1 = Yes




TCOMP Degree complete by June 2008 flag TCOMP is an internal flag variable that calculates degree completion by June 2008: If N8CMPDGN = 1 then TCOMP = 1 else if N8CMPDGN ne 1 and N8EXNMY <= 200806 and N8EXNMY >= 200800) then TCOMP = 1 else if N8CMPDGN ne 1 and N8EXNMY > 200806 then TCOMP = 0 else if N8NPDG = 1 then TCOMP = 1 else TCOMP = 0

0 = Degree not completed by June 2008 1 = Degree completed by June 2008

Applies to: Pell-eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens and had heard of the SMART grant. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT in (1 3) and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SMENF SMART grant affect full time enrollment [If TB4JULY = 1] Did the availability of the SMART grant affect your choice to enroll full time at [NPSAS]? [else] Did the availability of the SMART grant affect your choice to enroll full time at [NPSAS] in the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible third-, fourth-, and fifth-year undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the SMART grant, and were enrolled full time. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8UGYR in (3 4 5) and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 and [enrolled full time at NPSAS] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PTMSMT SMART grant will affect plans to enroll full time [If TB4JULY = 1] In the next year, do you plan to enroll full time at [NPSAS] in order to become eligible for the SMART grant? [else] In the 2008-2009 school year (July 1, 2008 - June 30, 2009), do you plan to enroll full time at [NPSAS] in order to become eligible for the SMART grant?


Applies to: Pell eligible second-, third-, and fourth-year undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the SMART grant, were not enrolled full time, and had not completed their degree prior to June 2008. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8UGYR in (2 3 4) and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 and [not enrolled full time at NPSAS] and TCOMP ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CHMJR SMART grant will affect major Will the availability of the SMART grant affect your choice of major?


Applies to: Pell eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the SMART grant, were in a degree program, but had not yet declared a major. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 and N8DBLMAJ = 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DCLSMT SMART grant affected choice of major Did the availability of the SMART grant affect your choice of major?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Pell eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the SMART grant, and had declared a major in math, science, engineering, certain foreign languages, and other majors that were required for the SMART grant. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 and ((N8MJ1GEN in (11 18 28) or N8MJ2GEN in (11 18 28)) or N8MJ1SPE in (203 811 802 808 809 805 803 804 806 801 810 1404 1408 1415 1416 1419 1412 1407 1418 1422 1413 1417 1405 1411 1406 1409 1420 1421 501 502 503 513 505 507 504 506 508 514 515 516 517 512 103 104 105 106 102 108 109 110 112 2509 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2605 2606 2001 2002 2005 2003 2006 2007 2008 2010 2009 2011) or N8MJ2SPE in (203 811 802 808 809 805 803 804 806 801 810 1404 1408 1415 1416 1419 1412 1407 1418 1422 1413 1417 1405 1411 1406 1409 1420 1421 501 502 503 513 505 507 504 506 508 514 515 516 517 512 103 104 105 106 102



108 109 110 112 2509 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2605 2606 2001 2002 2005 2003 2006 2007 2008 2010 2009 2011)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CHNGMJ Consider changing major to receive SMART grant Would you consider changing your major to a field that would enable you to receive the SMART grant?


Applies to: Pell eligible undergraduate respondents who were U.S. citizens, had heard of the SMART grant, had not declared majors that were required for the SMART grant, and had not completed their degree prior to June 2008. Instrument code: (Y_PLLELG ne 0 or N8PELL ne 0) and TSTAT = 1 and Y_CITZN ne 0 and N8SMART ne 0 and ((N8MJ1GEN not in (11 18 28) and N8MJ2GEN not in (11 18 28)) and N8MJ1SPE not in (203 811 802 808 809 805 803 804 806 801 810 1404 1408 1415 1416 1419 1412 1407 1418 1422 1413 1417 1405 1411 1406 1409 1420 1421 501 502 503 513 505 507 504 506 508 514 515 516 517 512 103 104 105 106 102 108 109 110 112 2509 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2605 2606 2001 2002 2005 2003 2006 2007 2008 2010 2009 2011 99) and N8MJ2SPE not in (203 811 802 808 809 805 803 804 806 801 810 1404 1408 1415 1416 1419 1412 1407 1418 1422 1413 1417 1405 1411 1406 1409 1420 1421 501 502 503 513 505 507 504 506 508 514 515 516 517 512 103 104 105 106 102 108 109 110 112 2509 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2605 2606 2001 2002 2005 2003 2006 2007 2008 2010 2009 2011 99)) and TCOMP = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TASST Graduate teaching assistantship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Teaching assistantship

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Graduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TASSM Graduate teaching assistantship amount For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Teaching assistantship amount Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a teaching assistantship.

Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8TASST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8RASST Research assistantship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Research assistantship

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RASSM Research assistantship amount For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Research assistantship amount Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a research assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8RASST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GFEL Graduate fellowship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Graduate fellowship

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8GFELM Graduate fellowship amount For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Graduate fellowship amount Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a fellowship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8GFEL = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TRNSHP Traineeship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Traineeship

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8TRNSM Traineeship amount For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Traineeship amount Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a traineeship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8TRNSHP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GASST Other graduate assistantship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Any other kind of graduate assistantship?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8GASSM Other graduate assistantship amount For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? Other graduate assistantship amount Applies to: Graduate respondents who had another kind of graduate assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8GASST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NONE No graduate assistantship/fellowship/traineeship For the 2007-2008 school year, which of the following did you have? None of the above

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8TUITN Tuition paid by assistantship Did you receive a tuition waiver or any other form of full or partial tuition assistance through your assistantship?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a teaching assistantship, research assistantship, or another kind of graduate assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HINS Health insurance with assistantship As part of your assistantship, did you receive health insurance?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a teaching assistantship, research assistantship, or another kind of graduate assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CLSHRS Teaching assistantship duties: taught courses Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Assume {else} Assumed] teaching responsibility for one or more courses

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a teaching assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT in (2 4) and N8TASST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DISHRS Teaching assistantship duties: led discussions Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Lead {else} Led] discussion sections for faculty-taught courses

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LABHRS Teaching assistantship duties: supervised lab sections Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Supervise {else} Supervised] lab sections for faculty-taught courses

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8GRAHRS Teaching assistantship duties: assisted faculty with grading Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Assist {else} Assisted] faculty with grading or other instruction-related activities

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MSGHRS Teaching assistantship duties: answered student emails Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Assist {else} Assisted] faculty with answering student e-mail messages

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OFFHRS Teaching assistantship duties: held office hours Which of the following activities [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you perform as a teaching assistant during the 2007-2008 school year? [{if TCURENR=1} Hold {else} Held] office hours

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKST School-related job: workstudy job [If TCURENR = 1] During the 2007-2008 school year, have you had... [else] During the 2007-2008 school year, did you have. A workstudy job

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program and attended a 4-year or 2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ASST School-related job: assistantship [If TCURENR = 1] During the 2007-2008 school year, have you had... [else] During the 2007-2008 school year, did you have. An assistantship

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program and attended a 4-year or 2-year school. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WSMAJR School-related job related to major or coursework [If N8DBLMAJ = 3 or TSTAT = 3] Would you say your [assistantship/workstudy job] [{if TCURENR = 0} was {else} is] related to your coursework at [NPSAS]? [else] Would you say your [assistantship/workstudy job] [{if TCURENR = 0} was {else} is] related to your [{If N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program, attended a 4-year or 2-year school, and had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2)) and (N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WSONOF School-related job on/off campus [If TCURENR = 1] Is your [assistantship/workstudy job] located primarily on or off campus? [else] Was your [assistantship/workstudy job] located primarily on or off campus?

1 = On campus 2 = Off campus 3 = Both on and off campus

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program, attended a 4-year or 2-year school, and had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2)) and (N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8WSEMP School-related job for NPSAS [If TCURENR = 1] Is your [assistantship/workstudy job] for [NPSAS] or for another institution or organization? [else] Was your [assistantship/workstudy job] for [NPSAS] or for another institution or organization?

1 = [NPSAS] 2 = Another institution or organization

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program, attended a 4-year or 2-year school, and had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) and (N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WSTDY Workstudy job: community service project [If TCURENR = 1] Is your workstudy job part of a community service project? [else] Was your workstudy job part of a community service project?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program, attended a 4-year or 2-year school, and had a workstudy job. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2) and N8WKST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LTRCY Workstudy job: literacy education or tutoring [If TCURENR = 1] Is your workstudy job involved with literacy education or tutoring? [else] Was your workstudy job involved with literacy education or tutoring?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who were enrolled in a degree program, attended a 4-year or 2-year school, and had a workstudy job. Instrument code: TSTAT = 1 and (NPSASSCH = 1 and SCHLEVEL in (1 2)) and N8WKST = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WAAMT School-related job: earnings [If TCURENR = 1] How much do you earn from your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/ workstudy job] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] How much did you earn from your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/ workstudy job] while you were enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1 Recode note: If TSTAT in (2 4) and (N8TASSM > 0 or N8RASSM > 0 or N8GFELM > 0 or N8TRNSM > 0 or N8GASSM > 0) then N8WAAMT = {N8TASSM + N8RASSM + N8GFELM + N8TRNSM + N8GASSM} Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WAERNT School-related job: time period for earnings [If TCURENR = 1] How much do you earn from your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] How much did you earn from your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job] while you were enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year?

1 = Per year 2 = Per term or semester 3 = Per month 4 = Per week 5 = Per hour

Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1 Recode note: 1) If TSTAT in (2 4) and (N4TASSM = -6 and N8RASSM = -6 and N8TRNSM = -6 and N8GASSM = -6 and N8GFLEM = -6) and N8WAERNT < 0 then N8WAERNT = 1 2) If TSTAT in (2 4) and (N8TASSM gt 0 or N8RASSM gt 0 or N8GFELM gt 0 or N8TRNSM gt 0 or N8GASSM gt 0) then N8WAERNT = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8WAERNS School-related job: number of terms/months/weeks/hours worked [If TCURENR = 1] During the 2007-2008 school year, how many [{if N8WAERNT = 2} terms {if N8WAERNT = 3} months {else} weeks] will you have worked in your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job]? [else] During the 2007-2008 school year, how many [{if N8WAERNT = 2} terms {if N8WAERNT = 3} months {else} weeks] did you work in your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job]? [If N8WAERNT = 2] Terms [else if N8WAERNT = 3] Months [else if N8WAERNT = 1] Years [else] Weeks Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship. Instrument code: N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1 Recode note: If N8WAERNT = 1 and N8WAERNS < 0 then N8WAERNS = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WAHRS School-related job: hours worked per week [If TCURENR = 1] During the 2007-2008 school year, how many hours, on average, will you have worked per week in your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job]? [else] During the 2007-2008 school year, how many hours, on average, did you work per week in your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job]? Hours Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship and did not report 0 terms/months/ weeks worked. Instrument code: (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) and N8WAERNS ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WTOTEN School-related job: total earnings If N8WAERNT = 1 then N8WTOTEN = N8WAAMT else if N8WAERNT = 5 then do {if (N8WAAMT > 0 and N8WAERNS > 0 and N8WAHRS > 0) then N8WTOTEN = N8WAAMT * N8WAERNS * N8WAHRS

else if N8WAAMT = -9 or N8WAERNS = -9 or N8WAHRS = -9 then N8TOTEN = -9} else if N8WAERNT > 1 then do {if (N8WAAMT > 0 and N8WAERNS > 0) then N8WTOTEN = N8WAAMT * N8WAERNS else if N8WAAMT = -9 or N8WAERNS = -9 then N8WTOTEN = -9} else if N8WAERNT = -9 then N8WTOTEN = -9 Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship and did not report 0 terms/months/weeks worked. Instrument code: (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) and (N8WAAMT >= 0 and (N8WAERNT in (1 -9) or (N8WAERNT in (2 3 4 5) and N8WAERNS ne 0))) or N8WAAMT = -6 Recode note: 1) If TSTAT in (2 4) and N8WAAMT >= 0 and N8WAERNT = 1 then N8WTOTEN = N8WAAMT 2) If N8WAAMT = 0 and N8WTOTEN < 0 then N8WTOTEN = 0 3) If N8WAERNT = 1 and N8WAERNS = 0 then N8WTOTEN = N8WAAMT Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WAWEEK School-related job: weeks worked [If TCURENR = 1] For your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job], would you say you have worked during all the weeks you were enrolled, most of them, half of them, or less than half? [else] For your [assistantship/ fellowship/ traineeship/ workstudy job], would you say you worked during all the weeks you were enrolled, most of them, half of them, or less than half?

1 = All 2 = Most 3 = Half 4 = Less than half

Applies to: Graduate respondents who had a graduate assistantship, fellowship, or traineeship or undergraduate respondents who had a workstudy job or assistantship, except those who reported a positive amount for weekly earnings or those who reported 0 terms/months/weeks worked and 0 hours worked. Instrument code: (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1) and (N8WAERNT in (1 2 3 -9) or (N8WAERNT in (4 5) and N8WAERNS in (-9 -3))) and N8WAERNS ne 0 and N8WAHRS ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



Section D: Current Employment

N8NUMJOB Number of jobs during NPSAS year [If TCURENR = 1 and N8TASST in (0 -9) and N8RASST in (0 -9) and N8GASST in (0 -9) and N8GFEL in (0 -9) and N8TRNSHP in (0 -9) and N8WKST ne 1 and N8ASST ne 1] How many jobs for pay have you had while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? [else if TCURENR = 1] Other than your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job], how many jobs for pay have you had while enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? [else if TCURENR ne 1 and N8TASST in (0 -9) and N8RASST in (0 -9) and N8GASST in (0 -9) and N8GFEL in (0 -9) and N8TRNSHP in (0 -9) and N8WKST ne 1 and N8ASST ne 1] How many jobs for pay did you have while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] Other than your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job], how many jobs for pay did you have while enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? Number of jobs observed range: 1 - 99 Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ONOFF Job on or off campus [If N8NUMJOB = 1] [{if TCURENR = 1} Is {else} Was] your job located primarily on or off campus? [else] [{if TCURENR = 1} Is {else} Was] your job located primarily on or off campus?(If you had more than one job, please refer to the one at

1 = On campus 2 = Off campus 3 = Both on and off campus

Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DISTWK Distance from NPSAS school to work [If TCURENR = 1] How far (in miles) is [NPSAS] from your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job? [else] How far (in miles) was [NPSAS] from your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job when you were most recently enrolled? Miles Applies to: Respondents who worked off campus or both on and off campus while enrolled.

Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8ONOFF in (-9 2 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8JBDSC Type of job [If TCURENR = 1] Which of the following best describes your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job? [else] Which of the following best describes your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS]?

1 = Your job [is/was] with a private employer -- You [are/were] not employed by the school

2 = You [have/had] cooperative employment (co-op placement)

3 = You [have/had] a paid practicum 4 = You [work/worked] for [NPSAS], but not

in a co-op or paid practicum

5 = Self-employed 6 = Other


N8EMPTYP Type of employer [If TCURENR = 1] In your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job, do you work for. [else] In your job [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary], did you work for.

1 = [NPSAS] 2 = A for-profit company 3 = A nonprofit organization 4 = A local, state, or federal government 5 = The military (including civilian employees

of the military) Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled and were not self employed. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8JBDSC ne 5 Recode note: If N8JBDSC = 4 then N8EMPTYP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8RELMAJ Job related to major [If TCURENR = 1] Would you say your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job is related to your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS]? [else] Would you say your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job was related to your [{if N8DBLMAJ = 2} primary] major or field of study at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled, were enrolled in a degree program, and had declared at least one major. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8DBLMAJ in (1 2 -9) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8RELCRS Job related to coursework [If TCURENR = 1] Would you say your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job is related to your coursework at [NPSAS]? [else] Would you say your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job was related to your coursework at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled but were not enrolled in a degree program or had not declared a major. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8DBLMAJ in (0 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PREMP Had job prior to enrollment at NPSAS Did you have your [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} primary] job before you enrolled at [NPSAS]?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8ENRWRK Primary role while working [If TCURENR = 1] While enrolled at [NPSAS] and working, would you say you are primarily [else] While you were enrolled at [NPSAS] and working, would you say you were primarily.

1 = A student working to meet expenses, or 2 = An employee who decided to enroll in school


N8WKRNA Reason for working: pay living expenses [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To pay living expenses such as housing, utilities, and transportation.

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who were primarily students who worked. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8ENRWRK ne 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WKRNB Reason for working: pay educational expenses [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To pay educational expenses such as tuition, fees, books, and supplies

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKRNC Reason for working: earn spending money [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To earn spending money

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKRND Reason for working: minimize debt [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To minimize the amount of debt you have

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8WKRNE Reason for working: job experience [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To gain job experience

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKRNF Reason for working: to send money home [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To send money home

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKRNG Reasons for working: parents’ expectations [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]? [else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? To meet your parents’ expectations that you work.

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 who were primarily students who worked. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and N8ENRWRK ne 2 and TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WKRNX Reason for working: none [If TCURENR = 1] What are your reasons for working while you are enrolled at [NPSAS]?

[else] What were your reasons for working when you were last enrolled at [NPSAS] during the 2007-2008 school year? None of the above

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8AFFORD Afford school without work Could you have afforded to attend [NPSAS] if you had not worked?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8HLCL Job affects school: helped with class work [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school... [else] Did having a job while you were going to school. Help you with class work

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8HLCA Job affects school: helped with career preparation [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school... [else]. Did having a job while you were going to school. Help you with career preparation

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RSCT Job affects school: restricted choice of classes [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school



[else] Did having a job while you were going to school. Restrict your choice of classes

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LMCL Job affects school: limited number of classes [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school... [else] Did having a job while you were going to school... [if TCURENR = 1] Limit the number of classes you can take [else] Limit the number of classes you could take

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LMSC Job affects school: limited class schedule [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school... [else] Did having a job while you were going to school... [If TCURENR = 1] Limit the class schedule you can have [else] Limit the class schedule you could have

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8LMLI Job affects school: limited access to campus facilities [If TCURENR = 1] Does having a job while you are going to school... [else] Did having a job while you were going to school...Limit your access to campus facilities or services

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8EFFGRD Effect of working while enrolled on grades [If TCURENR = 1] Would you say that working while you are going to school has a positive effect, a negative effect, or no effect on the grades you earned? [else] Would you say that working while you were going to school had a positive effect, a negative effect, or no effect on the grades you earned?

1 = Positive effect 2 = Negative effect 3 = No effect


N8ERNAMT Amount earned during school year [If N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1] How much [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you earn [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} from all jobs] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? Please exclude your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job] and any summer earnings if you were not enrolled during the summer. [else] How much [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you earn [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} from all jobs] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? Please exclude any summer earnings if you were not enrolled during the summer. Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8ERNTIM Time period for earnings while enrolled [If N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1] How much [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you earn [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} from all jobs] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? Please exclude your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job] and any summer earnings if you were not enrolled during the summer. [else] How much [{if TCURENR = 1} do {else} did] you earn [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} from all jobs] while enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year? Please exclude any summer earnings if you were not enrolled during the summer.



1 = For the entire school year 2 = Per term or semester 3 = Per month 4 = Per week 5 = Per hour


N8EARNS Number of years/terms/months/weeks/hours worked [If N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1)] Not including your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job], how many [{if N8ERNTIM = 2} terms {else if N8ERNTIM = 3} months {else} weeks] [{if TCURENR = 1} will you have worked {else} did you work] [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] How many [{if N8ERNTIM = 2} terms {else if N8ERNTIM = 3} months {else} weeks] [{if TCURENR = 1} will you have worked {else} did you work] [{if N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] during the 2007-2008 school year? [If N8ERNTIM = 2] Terms [else if N8ERNTIM = 3] Months [else if N8ERNTIM = 1] Years [else] Weeks Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 Recode note: If N8ERNTIM = 1 then N8EARNS = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HOURS Hours worked weekly during the school year [If TCURENR = 1 and (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1)] Not including your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy job] how many hours, on average, do you work [{If N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] per week during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please exclude summer hours if you were not enrolled during the summer.) [else if TCURENR = 1] How many hours, on average, do you work [{If N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] per week during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please exclude summer hours if you were not enrolled during the summer.) [else if TCURENR ne 1 and (N8TASST = 1 or N8RASST = 1 or N8GASST = 1 or N8GFEL = 1 or N8TRNSHP = 1 or N8WKST = 1 or N8ASST = 1)] Not including your [assistantship/fellowship/traineeship/workstudy

job] how many hours, on average, did you work [{If N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] per week while enrolled during your last term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? (Please exclude summer hours if you were not enrolled during the summer.) [else] How many hours, on average, did you work [{If N8NUMJOB > 1} in all jobs] per week while enrolled during your last term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? (Please exclude summer hours if you were not enrolled during the summer.) Hours Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TOTERN Total amount earned during the school year N8TOTERN is calculated from earning while enrolled: If N8ERNTIM = 1 then N8TOTERN = N8ERNAMT else if N8ERNTIM = 5 then do {If (N8ERNAMT > 0 and N8EARNS > 0 and N8HOURS > 0) then N8TOTERN = N8ERNAMT * N8EARNS * N8HOURS else if N8ERNAMT = -9 or N8EARNS = -9 or N8HOURS = -9 then N8TOTEN = -9} else if N8ERNTIM > 1 then do {if (N8ERNAMT > 0 and N8EARNS > 0) then N8TOTERN = N8ERNAMT * N8EARNS else if N8ERNAMT = -9 or N8EARNS = -9 then N8TOTERN = -9} else if N8ERNTIM = -9 then N8TOTERN = -9 else N8TOTERN = -9 Note: Due to rounding in N8ERNAMT, N8TOTERN may not equal calculations exactly. Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 Recode note: If N8ERNAMT = 0 and N8TOTERN < 0 then N8TOTERN = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8WKSWK Weeks worked while enrolled [If TCURENR = 1] Would you say you have worked during all the weeks you have been enrolled, most of them, half of them, or less than half? [else] Would you say you worked during all the weeks you were enrolled, most of them, half of them, or less than half?

1 = All 2 = Most 3 = Half 4 = Less than half



Applies to: Respondents who worked while enrolled, except those who were paid by the week and hour and provided the number of weeks they worked. Instrument code: N8NUMJOB > 0 and (N8ERNTIM not in (4 5) or N8EARNS in (0 -3 -9)) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SUMMR Worked during summer of 2007 Did you work for pay during the summer of 2007?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 who were primarily students who worked. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8ENRWRK ne 2 and TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SMRSAV Amount saved from summer of 2007 earnings In dollars, about how much of your summer earnings would you estimate you saved for the 2007-2008 school year? Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 who were primarily students who worked and worked during the summer of 2007. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8ENRWRK ne 2 and TAGE < 30 and N8SUMMR ne 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8INCOM Earnings in 2007 [If N8WAAMT > 0 or N8ERNAMT > 0 or N8TASSM > 1 or N8RASSM > 1 or N8GFELM > 1 or N8TRNSM > 1 or N8GASSM > 1] Earlier, you told us about the money you earned while you were enrolled (July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008). Now we'd like to find out about your income for calendar year 2007 (January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007). What was your income from all sources (including income from work, investment income, alimony, etc.) prior to taxes and deductions in 2007? [{if N8MARR = 2} (Please exclude your spouse's income.)] [else] What was your income from all sources (including income from work, investment income, alimony, etc.) prior to taxes and deductions in calendar year 2007? [{if N8MARR = 2} (Please exclude your spouse's income.)]

1 = No income 2 = Less than $1,000 3 = $1,000-$2,499 4 = $2,500-$4,999 5 = $5,000-$9,999 6 = $10,000-$14,999

7 = $15,000-$19,999 8 = $20,000-$29,999 9 = $30,000-$49,999 10 = $50,000 and above 11 = Don't know


N8INCSP Spouse’s earnings in 2007 How much would you estimate your spouse earned from all sources prior to taxes and deductions in calendar year 2007 (January 1, 2007 - December 31, 2007)?

1 = No income 2 = Less than $1,000 3 = $1,000-$2,499 4 = $2,500-$4,999 5 = $5,000-$9,999 6 = $10,000-$14,999 7 = $15,000-$19,999 8 = $20,000-$29,999 9 = $30,000-$49,999 10 = $50,000 and above 11 = Don't know

Applies to: Married respondents. Instrument code: N8MARR = 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8UNTAX Received untaxed benefits in 2007 [If TB4JULY = 1 ] Since July 1, 2007, have you [{if N8MARR = 2} or your spouse] received any untaxed income or benefits, such as TANF (AFDC), Social Security, worker's compensation, disability insurance payments, food stamps, or child support? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, have you [{if N8MARR = 2} or your spouse] received any untaxed income or benefits, such as TANF (AFDC), Social Security, worker's compensation, disability insurance payments, food stamps, or child support?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8TANF Received untaxed benefits: TANF (AFDC) [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? TANF (AFDC)

0 = No 1 = Yes



Applies to: Respondents who received untaxed benefits. Instrument code: N8UNTAX = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SOCSEC Received untaxed benefits: social security benefits [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? Social Security benefits?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WRKCMP Received untaxed benefits: worker’s compensation [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? Worker's compensation

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DISAB Received untaxed benefits: disability payments [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? Disability insurance payments

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8STMPS Received untaxed benefits: food stamps [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? Food stamps

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8CHILD Received untaxed benefits: child support [If TB4JULY = 1] Since July 1, 2007, which of the following did you receive? [else] Between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008, which of the following did you receive? Child support

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8SCHRES Residence while enrolled [If TCURENR = 1] While enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year, are you living on campus, with your parent(s) or guardian(s), or some place else? (If you have lived in more than one residence, choose the place were you have lived for the longest period of time.) [else] While you were enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year, did you live on campus, with your parent(s) or guardian(s), or some place else? (If you lived in more than one residence, choose the place were you lived for the longest period of time.)

1 = On-campus 2 = With parent(s) or guardian(s) 3 = Some place else (off-campus)


N8HOME Own home or pay mortgage Do you own a home or pay a mortgage on a home?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents over age 23 who did not live on-campus or with parents or guardians. Instrument code: TAGE > 23 and N8SCHRES not in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8RNTAMT Amount of monthly rent or mortgage payment [If TCURENR = 1] Since you have been enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year, how much (on average) is your monthly rent or mortgage payment? Please indicate only the amount that you are responsible for paying. If someone else pays your rent on your behalf, please indicate "0". [else] While you were enrolled during the 2007-2008 school year, how much (on average) was your



monthly rent or mortgage payment? Please indicate only the amount that you were responsible for paying. If someone else paid your rent on your behalf, please indicate "0". Applies to: Respondents who did not live on-campus or with parents or guardians. Instrument code: N8SCHRES not in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8INVT Own business, farm, or other investments [If N8MARR = 2] Do you or your spouse own a business, farm, or have other investments worth more than $10,000 combined? [else] Do you own a business, farm, or have other investments worth more than $10,000 combined?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents over age 23. Instrument code: TAGE > 23 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NUMCRD Number of credit cards in own name Excluding debit or ATM cards, how many credit cards do you have in your own name that are billed to you? Number of credit cards Observed range: 1 - 50 Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PAYOFF Pay off or carry credit balance [If N8NUMCRD = 1] Do you usually pay off your credit card balance each month, or carry the balance over from month to month? [else] Do you usually pay off your credit card balances each month, or carry balances over from month to month?

1 = Pay off balances 2 = Carry balances

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 with credit cards. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 and N8NUMCRD > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CRDBAL Balance due on all credit cards [If N8NUMCRD > 1] What was the balance on all your credit cards combined according to your last statements? [else] What was the balance on your credit card according to your last statement?

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 with credit cards who do not usually pay off their credit cards each month. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 and N8NUMCRD > 0 and N8PAYOFF ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CRDPAR Parents help pay credit bills Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have. Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent). Do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay your credit card [{if N8NUMCRD > 1} bills {else} bill]?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 with credit cards. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 and N8NUMCRD > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARPA Help from parents: tuition and fees [If TCURENR = 1] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following did your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay when you were last enrolled at during the 2007-2008 school year? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) Tuition and fees



0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 Recode note: If N8PARPF = 1 then N8PARPA = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARPB Help from parents: other educational expenses [If TCURENR = 1] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following did your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay when you were last enrolled at during the 2007-2008 school year? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) Other educational expenses such as books and supplies

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 Recode note: If N8PARPF = 1 then N8PARPB = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARPC Help from parents: housing [If TCURENR = 1] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial

support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following did your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay when you were last enrolled at during the 2007-2008 school year? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) Housing costs, including utilities

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 and N8PARPF >= 0 Recode note: 1) If N8PARPF = 1 then N8PARPC = 0 2) If N8PARPF = 0 and N8PARPC = -3 then N8PARPC = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARPD Help from parents: other living expenses [If TCURENR = 1] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following did your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay when you were last enrolled at during the 2007-2008 school year? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) Other living expenses such as food (meal plan) and transportation



0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 Recode note: If N8PARPF = 1 then N8PARPD = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARPF Both parents deceased [If TCURENR = 1] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following do your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] [{if N8NUMCRD <= 0 or TSTAT in (2 4)} Now we have some questions about additional sources of financial support you may have.] Which of the following did your parent(s) or guardian(s) help you pay when you were last enrolled at during the 2007-2008 school year? For all questions related to your parent(s), please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. (If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) None of the above - both parents or guardians are deceased

0 = At least one parent living 1 = Both parents deceased

Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARNC Parent’s income in calendar year 2007 What was your parents' or guardians' income in calendar year 2007 (January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007)? Would you say it was (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.)

1 = Under $30,000 2 = $30,000 to $59,999

3 = $60,000 to $89,999 4 = $90,000 to $119,999 5 = $120,000 and above 6 = Don't know

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents under age 30 with at least one parent or guardian still living. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and TAGE < 30 and N8PARPF ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARHOM Parents own home or pay mortgage Do your parent(s) or guardian(s) own a home or pay a mortgage on a home (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PARNV Parents own business, farm, or other investments Do your parent(s) or guardian(s) own a business, farm, or have other investments worth more than $10,000 combined? (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTFIN Received other financial support [If N8PARPF = 1 or TAGE >= 30 and N8MARR = 2] Other than your spouse, does anyone else provide you with financial support for educational or living expenses? [else if N8PARPF = 1 or TAGE >= 30 and N8MARR ne 2] Does anyone provide you with



financial support for educational or living expenses? [else if N8MARR = 2] Other than your parent(s) or guardian(s) and spouse, does anyone else provide you with financial support for educational or living expenses? [else] Other than your parent(s) or guardian(s), does anyone else provide you with financial support for educational or living expenses?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPYA Other financial support: tuition and fees Which of the following expenses does that person(s) help you pay? Tuition and fees

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who had some other financial support. Instrument code: N8OTFIN = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OTPYB Other financial support: other education Which of the following expenses does that person(s) help you pay? Other educational expenses such as books and supplies

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPYC Other financial support: housing costs Which of the following expenses does that person(s) help you pay? Housing costs, including utilities

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8OTPYD Other financial support: living expenses Which of the following expenses does that person(s) help you pay? Other living expenses such as food (meal plan) and transportation

0 = No 1 = Yes




Section E: Background

N8STATE State of legal residence What is your state of legal residence?



Hampshire 31 = New Jersey 32 = New Mexico

33 = New York 34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island 41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Fed State


Isl 59 = Palau 60 = Virgin Islands 61 = American Military 62 = Mexico 63 = FOREIGN



N8DISTNC Distance from NPSAS school to home [If TCURENR = 1] How far (in miles) is [NPSAS] from your permanent home? [else] How far (in miles) was [NPSAS] from your permanent home when you were most recently enrolled? Miles Applies to: Undergraduate respondents. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8USBORN Respondent born in the United States Were you born in the United States?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8CITZN Citizenship status Are you a U.S. citizen?

1 = Yes 2 = No - Resident alien, permanent resident,

or other eligible non-citizen; hold a temporary resident's card or other eligible non-citizen temporary resident's card

3 = No - Student visa, in the country on an F1 or F2 visa, or on a J1or J2 exchange visitor visa Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If N8USBORN = 1 then N8CITZN = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8LANG English as primary language When you were growing up, was English the language you spoke most often at home?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PARUS Father born in the U.S. Was your Father born in the United States?

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8MOMUS Mother born in the U.S. Was your Mother born in the United States?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents.

N8HISP Respondent of Hispanic or Latino origin Are you of either Hispanic or Latino origin?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8HISA Hispanic type: Cuban descent Are you of.(Please check one or more.) Cuban descent

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents of Hispanic or Latino origin. Instrument code: N8HISP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HISB Hispanic type: Mexican, Mexican-American, or Chicano descent Are you of.(Please check one or more.) Mexican, Mexican-American, or Chicano descent

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8HISC Hispanic type: Puerto Rican descent Are you of. (Please check one or more.) Puerto Rican descent

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8HISD Hispanic type: other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino origin Are you of. (Please check one or more.) Some other Spanish, Hispanic or Latino origin

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACEA Race: White What is your race? (Please check one or more.) White

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACAUC Upcode flag for N8RACEA Coding Flag A flag to identify the upcoding status of other specify text strings for race of the respondent. See N8RACEA for a description.

0 = Not upcoded 1 = Yes, upcoded


N8RACEB Race: Black or African American What is your race? (Please check one or more.) Black or African American

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACBUC Upcode flag for N8RACEB Coding Flag. A flag to identify the upcoding status of other specify text strings for race of the respondent. See N8RACEB for a description.



N8RACEC Race: Asian What is your race? (Please check one or more.) Asian

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACCUC Upcode flag for N8RACEC Coding Flag A flag to identify the upcoding status of other specify text strings for race of the respondent. See N8RACEC for a description.





N8RACED Race: American Indian or Alaska Native What is your race? (Please check one or more.) American Indian or Alaska Native

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACDUC Upcode flag for N8RACED Coding Flag. A flag to identify the upcoding status of other specify text strings for race of the respondent. See N8RACED for a description.



N8RACEE Race: Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander What is your race? (Please check one or more.) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8RACEUC Upcode flag for N8RACEE Coding Flag A flag to identify the upcoding status of other specify text strings for race of the respondent. See N8RACEE for a description.



N8RACEX Race: other What is your race? (Please check one or more.) Other

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who did not classify their race in any of the categories provided. Instrument code: where all race categories: N8RACEA, N8RACEB, N8RACEC, N8RACED, N8RACEE were initially -9 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8TRIBE State or federally recognized tribe Are you enrolled in a state- or federally-recognized tribe?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who are American Indian or Alaska Native. Instrument code: N8RACED = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8SPCOL Spouse in college in the 2007-2008 school year Has your spouse attended a college, university, or trade school during the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes, full time 2 = Yes, part time

Applies to: Married respondents. Instrument code: N8MARR = 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PARST Parent’s marital status What is the current marital status of your parent(s) or guardian(s)? Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.)

1 = Married 2 = Living together or domestic partners but

not married 3 = Single 4 = Divorced or separated 5 = Widowed 6 = None of the above - Both parents or

guardians are deceased Applies to: Respondents under age 30. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 Recode note: If N8PARPF = 1 then N8PARST = 6 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DADED Father’s education What is the highest level of education your father completed?

1 = Did not complete high school 2 = High school diploma or equivalent 3 = Vocational/technical training 4 = Less than 2 years of college 5 = Associate's degree 6 = 2 or more years of college but no degree 7 = Bachelor's degree 8 = Master's degree or equivalent 9 = Professional Degree

10 = Doctoral degree (PhD, EdD, etc) or equivalent



11 = Don't know Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MOMED Mother’s education What is the highest level of education your mother completed?

1 = Did not complete high school 2 = High school diploma or equivalent 3 = Vocational/technical training 4 = Less than 2 years of college 5 = Associate's degree 6 = 2 or more years of college but no degree 7 = Bachelor's degree 8 = Master's degree or equivalent 9 = Professional Degree

10 = Doctoral degree (PhD, EdD, etc) or equivalent

11 = Don't know Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRCOL Parents taking college courses in 2007-2008 Have your parent(s) or guardian(s) taken any courses at a college, university, or trade school during the 2007-2008 school year? (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.)

0 = No 1 = Yes, full time 2 = Yes, part time

Applies to: Respondents under age 30 with at least one parent or guardian still living. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 and N8PARST ne 6 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PRHSD Number of people supported by parents [If TCURENR = 1] Not including yourself or your parent(s) or guardian(s), how many people have your parent(s) or guardian(s) been supporting financially since July 1, 2007? (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) [else] Not including yourself or your parent(s) or guardian(s), how many people did your parent(s) or

guardian(s) support financially during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? (Please answer about the parent or guardian whom you lived with most during the past 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, answer about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you received support from a parent.) Observed range: 1 - 30 Applies to: Respondents under age 30 with at least one parent or guardian still living. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 and N8PARST ne 6 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DPNUM Number of parent’s other dependents in college [If TCURENR = 1] Not including yourself or your parent(s), how many of the people financially supported by your parent(s) or guardian(s) have been enrolled in a college, university, or trade school since July 1, 2007? [else] Not including yourself or your parent(s), how many of the people financially supported by your parent(s) or guardian(s) were enrolled in a college, university, or trade school during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Observed range: 1 - 14 Applies to: Respondents under age 30 with at least one parent or guardian still living and whose parents or guardians had other dependents during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: TAGE < 30 and N8PARST ne 6 and N8PRHSD >= 1 Recode note: If N8PRHSD = 1 then N8DPNUM = [parents or guardians other dependent child not in college/parents or guardians other dependent child in college] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DEPS Has dependent children [If TCURENR = 1 and N8MARR = 2] Do you or your spouse have any children whom you support financially? [else if TCURENR = 1] Do you have any children whom you support financially? [else if TCURENR ne 1 and N8MARR = 2] While you were enrolled in the 2007-2008 school year, did you or your spouse have any children whom you supported financially? [else if TCURENR ne 1 and N8MARR ne 2] While you were enrolled in the 2007-2008 school year, did you have any children whom you supported financially?

0 = No 1 = Yes



Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: If N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 = 0 then N8DEPS = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DEP2 Number of dependent children [If TCURENR = 1] How many children do you support financially? [else] How many children did you support financially during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Observed range: 1 - 10 Applies to: All respondents. Recode note: 1) If N8DEPS = 0 then N8DEP2 = 0 2) If N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 = -9 then N8DEP2 = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE01 Age of dependent child 1 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 1 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least one dependent child. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE02 Age of dependent child 2 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 2 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least two dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 2 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE03 Age of dependent child 3 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 3Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least three dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 3 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE04 Age of dependent child 4 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 4Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least four dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 4 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE05 Age of dependent child 5 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 5 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least five dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 5 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE06 Respondents with at least six dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 6 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE06 Age of dependent child 6 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 6 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least six dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 6 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE07 Age of dependent child 7 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 7 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least seven dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 7 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8DAGE08 Age of dependent child 8 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 8 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least eight dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 8 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE09 Age of dependent child 9 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 9, Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least nine dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 9 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAGE10 Age of dependent child 10 [If N8DEP2 = 1] How old is your child? [else] What are the ages of the children you support financially? Age of child 10 Observed range: 1 - 24 Applies to: Respondents with at least ten dependent children. Instrument code: N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 >= 10 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

KIDLT12 Number of children under age 12 KIDLT12 is an internal variable that calculates the number of children under age 12:Initialize KIDLT12 = 0 KIDLT12 = number of children where 0 <= N8DAGE01-10 < 12 If all N8DAGE01-10 = -9 then KIDLT12 = -9 Observed range: 1 - 10 Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

KIDGT16 Number of children over age 16 KIDGT16 is an internal variable that calculates the number of children over age 16: Initialize KIDGT16 = 0 KIDGT16 = number of children where N8DAGE01-10 > 16 If all N8DAGE01-10 = -9 then KIDGT16 = -9 Observed range: 1 - 5 Applies to: All respondents. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8CARE1 Number of children in daycare [If TCURENR = 1] How many of your dependent children are in paid childcare or preschool? [else] How many of your dependent children were in paid childcare or preschool during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Observed range: 1 - 6 Applies to: Respondents with dependent children under age 12. Instrument code: KIDLT12 > 0 Recode note: If N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 = 1 then N8CARE1 = [child not in daycare/child in daycare] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DAYCST Monthly daycare costs [If TCURENR = 1] How much (on average) do you pay each month for childcare? [else] During your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year, how much (on average) did you pay each month for childcare? Applies to: Respondents with dependent children under age 12 in daycare during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: KIDLT12 > 0 and N8CARE1 > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8KIDCOL Number of dependent children in college [If TCURENR = 1] How many of your children have been in college at some point since July 1, 2007? [else] How many of your children were in college at some point during your most recent term of enrollment in the 2007-2008 school year? Observed range: 1 - 4 Applies to: Respondents with dependent children over age 16 during the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: KIDGT16 > 0 Recode note: If N8DEPS = 1 and N8DEP2 = 1 then N8KIDCOL = [child not in college/child in college] Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8OTDEPS Supporting anyone else [If N8MARR = 2 and N8DEPS in (0 -9)] Other than your spouse, [{if TCURENR = 1} have you been {else} were you] financially supporting anyone else during the 2007-2008 school year? [else if N8DEPS in (0 -9)]



[{if TCURENR = 1} Have you been {else} Were you] financially supporting anyone else during the 2007-2008 school year? [else if N8MARR = 2 and N8DEPS = 1] Other than your spouse and your [{if N8DEP2 = 1} child {else} children], [{if TCURENR = 1} have you been {else} were you] financially supporting anyone else during the 2007-2008 school year? [else if N8MARR ne 2 and N8DEPS=1] Other than your [{if N8DEP2 = 1} child {else} children], [{if TCURENR = 1} have you been {else} were you] financially supporting anyone else during the 2007-2008 school year? [else] [{if TCURENR = 1} Have you been {else} Were you] financially supporting anyone else during the 2007-2008 school year?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VOTE Registered to vote Are you registered to vote in U.S. elections?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents over age 17. Instrument code: TAGE > 17 Recode note: If N8CITZN > 1 and TAGE > 17 then N8VOTE = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EVRVT Ever vote Have you ever voted in any national, state, or local elections?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents over age 17. Instrument code: TAGE > 17 Recode note: If N8CITZN > 1 and TAGE > 17 then N8VOTE = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8COMSRV Community service or volunteer in last 12 months Have you performed any community service or volunteer work in the last 12 months? Please exclude charitable donations such as food, clothing, money, paid community service, and court ordered service.

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All respondents.

Recode note: 1) If N8UGYR in (1 2) and N8COMSRV = 1 and N8HSRQ = -9 and N8HSVLNR = -9 and (N8VLTA = -9 and N8VLTB = -9 and N8VLTC = -9 and N8VLTD = -9 and N8VLTE = -9 and N8VLTF = -9 and N8VLTG = -9 and N8VLTX = -9) and N8VLHRS in (0 -9) and N8VLONE = 0 then N8COMSRV = 0 2) If TSTAT in (1 3) and N8UGYR not in (1 2) and N8COMSRV = 1 and (N8VLTA = -9 and N8VLTB = -9 and N8VLTC = -9 and N8VLTD = -9 and N8VLTE = -9 and N8VLTF = -9 and N8VLTG = -9 and N8VLTX = -9) and N8VLHRS in (0 -9) and N8VLONE = 0 and N8VLGRAD = -9 then N8COMSRV = 0 3) If TSTAT in (2 4) and N8COMSRV = 1 and (N8VLTA = -9 and N8VLTB = -9 and N8VLTC = -9 and N8VLTD = -9 and N8VLTE = -9 and N8VLTF = -9 and N8VLTG = -9 and N8VLTX = -9) and N8VLHRS in (0 -9) and N8VLONE = 0 then N8COMSRV = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8VLTA Volunteer: tutoring or education-related What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Tutoring, other education-related work with kids

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who volunteered in the last 12 months. Instrument code: N8COMSRV = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8VLTB Volunteer: non-education-related work with kids What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Non-education-related work with kids (coaching, sports, Big Brother/Big Sister etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLTC Volunteer: fundraising (political and non-political) What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Fundraising (political and non-political)

0 = No 1 = Yes




N8VLTD Volunteer: homeless shelter or soup kitchen What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Work in a homeless shelter or soup kitchen

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLTE Volunteer: neighborhood improvement What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Neighborhood improvement, clean-up, or Habitat for Humanity

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLTF Volunteer: health services What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Work in a health services agency or hospital, nursing home, group home.

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLTG Volunteer: service to a church What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Service to a church or other religious organization

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLTX Volunteer: other What type of community service or volunteer work have you performed in the last 12 months? Other

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLHRS Number of hours volunteered per month On average, how many hours did you volunteer each month during the last 12 months? (If you volunteered at a one-time event, please check the one time event box and do not enter a number of hours.) Hour(s) Applies to: Respondents who volunteered in the last 12 months more than once. Instrument code: N8COMSRV = 1 and N8VLONE = 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8VLONE One time volunteer event On average, how many hours did you volunteer each month during the last 12 months? (If you volunteered at a one-time event, please check the one time event box and do not enter a number of hours.) One time event

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8VLGRAD Volunteer work required for program or degree Was any of your community service or volunteer work part of your educational program or required for degree completion?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate respondents who volunteered in the last 12 months. Instrument code: TSTAT in (1 3) and N8COMSRV = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8HSRQ Required community service in high school While enrolled in high school, did you perform community service as part of a high school graduation requirement or high school coursework?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: First and second year undergraduate respondents who volunteered in the last 12 months. Instrument code: N8COMSRV = 1 and N8UGYR in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8HSVLNR Voluntary community service in high school While in high school, did you perform other community service that was not required for coursework or graduation?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: First and second year undergraduate respondents who volunteered in the last 12 months. Instrument code: N8COMSRV = 1 and N8UGYR in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8MILA Military status: veteran Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces, or are you currently serving in the Armed Forces either on active duty or in the reserves? Veteran

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MILB Military status: active duty Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces, or are you currently serving in the Armed Forces either on active duty or in the reserves? Active duty

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MILC Military status: reserves Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces, or are you currently serving in the Armed Forces either on active duty or in the reserves? Reserves

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MILN Military status: none of the above Are you a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces, or are you currently serving in the Armed Forces either on active duty or in the reserves? None of the above

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MILST Involved in active combat Have you ever served on active duty during a military operation, such as a war or national emergency?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Respondents who were currently serving in the military either on active duty, in the reserves, or are a veteran. Instrument code: N8MILA = 1 or N8MILB = 1 or N8MILC = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8DISSEN Disability: sensory impairment The next few questions will help us better understand the educational services available for people with disabilities. Do you have a sensory impairment, such as blindness, deafness, or a severe vision or hearing impairment that has lasted for 6 months or more?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DISMOB Disability: mobility impairment Do you have a mobility impairment that has substantially limited one or more basic physical activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying, for 6 months or more?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8DISOTH Disability: other physical/mental/emotional/learning condition Excluding any disabilities already mentioned, do you have any other physical, mental, emotional, or learning condition that has lasted 6 months or more? (By this we mean any condition that limits your ability to learn, remember, or concentrate; to



dress, bathe, or get around the house; or to get to school, around campus, or to work.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8MAIN Disability: main type of condition or impairment What is the main type of condition or impairment you have? (Please choose only one.)

1 = Hearing impairment (i.e., deaf or hard of hearing)

2 = Blindness or visual impairment that cannot be corrected by wearing glasses

3 = Speech or language impairment 4 = Orthopedic or mobility impairment 5 = Specific learning disability or dyslexia 6 = Attention deficit disorder (ADD) 7 = Health impairment or problem 8 = Mental, emotional or psychiatric condition 9 = Depression

10 = Developmental disability 11 = Brain injury 12 = Other

Applies to: Respondents who reported some type of disability. Instrument code: N8DISSEN = 1 or N8DISMOB = 1 or N8DISOTH = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



Section F: Future Plans

N8GRE Taken graduate admissions exams [If TSTAT in (2 4)] Prior to your graduate enrollment at [NPSAS], did you take any graduate admissions exams? [else] Have you taken any graduate admissions exams?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8GRDAPP Applied to graduate school Have you applied to any graduate or professional programs? (If you are in the process of applying, please select Yes.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 Recode note: If N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (2 4) then N8GRDAPP = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRDPLN Plan to apply to graduate school in future Do you plan to apply to graduate school in the future?

0 = No 1 = Yes 2 = Maybe

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who had not yet applied to graduate school. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRPSA Postpone applying: academic reasons [If N8GRDPLN = 1] Why did you decide to postpone applying to graduate school? [else] Why are you considering postponing applying to graduate school? Academic reasons (no interest, grades, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who planned to apply to graduate school in the future.

Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1and N8GRDPLN in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRPSB Postpone applying: financial reasons [If N8GRDPLN = 1] Why did you decide to postpone applying to graduate school? [else] Why are you considering postponing applying to graduate school? Financial reasons (insufficient financial aid, can't afford to go, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who planned to apply to graduate school in the future. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1and N8GRDPLN in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRPSC Postpone applying: employment reasons [If N8GRDPLN = 1] Why did you decide to postpone applying to graduate school? [else] Why are you considering postponing applying to graduate school? Employment reasons (working now, not necessary for current career, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who planned to apply to graduate school in the future. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1 and N8GRDPLN in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8GRPSD Postpone applying: other reasons [If N8GRDPLN = 1] Why did you decide to postpone applying to graduate school? [else] Why are you considering postponing applying to graduate school? Other reasons (family, location, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who planned to apply to graduate school in the future. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1 and N8GRDPLN in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8NOGDA Reason not applying: academic reasons Why did you choose not to apply to graduate school? Academic reasons (no interest, grades, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who did not plan to apply to graduate school in the future. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1 and N8GRDPLN not in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NOGDB Reason not applying: employment reasons Why did you choose not to apply to graduate school? Employment reasons (working now, not necessary for current career, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible undergraduate respondents who did not plan to apply to graduate school in the future. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and TSTAT in (1 3) and N8GRDAPP ne 1and N8GRDPLN not in (1 2) Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8NOGDC Reason not applying: financial reasons Why did you choose not to apply to graduate school? Financial reasons (insufficient financial aid, can't afford to go, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8NOGDD Reason not applying: other reasons Why did you choose not to apply to graduate school? Other reasons (family, location, etc.)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8WKPLN Work plans for the 2008-2009 school year What are your plans for work in the 2008-2009 school year (July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009)? Do you plan to.

1 = Not work 2 = Work full time 3 = Work part time


N8JBNEW Job status for the 2008-2009 school year Will you be continuing in the job you [{if TCURENR = 1} have {else} had] while enrolled at [NPSAS] or working in another job? (If you plan to take a different position with the same employer for the job you had while enrolled, count that as working in another job.)

1 = Continuing in the job you [{If TCURENR = 1} have {else} had] while enrolled at [NPSAS]

2 = Working in another job Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who had plans to work in the 2008-2009 school year and worked while enrolled in the 2007-2008 school year. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8WKPLN in (2 3) and N8NUMJOB > 0 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8EVRTCH Ever been employed at the K-12 level Have you ever been employed as a K-12 teacher at a public, private, or parochial school?

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8CONSID Currently considering teaching Are you currently considering teaching at the K-12 level at a public, private, or parochial school?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who had not taught at the K-12 level. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8EVRTCH ne 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview



N8POSREG Teaching positions: regular What teaching positions have you held? Regular (full-time or part-time) teaching position

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who taught at the K-12 level. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8EVRTCH = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8POSLSU Teaching positions: long-term substitute What teaching positions have you held? Long-term substitute (i.e., your assignment requires that you fill the role of a regular teacher on a long-term basis, but you are still considered a substitute)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8POSAID Teaching positions: teacher’s aide What teaching positions have you held? Teacher’s aide or instructional aide

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8POSSPP Teaching positions: support What teaching positions have you held? Support teacher

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8POSITI Teaching positions: itinerant teacher What teaching positions have you held? Itinerant teacher (i.e., your assignment requires you to provide instruction at more than one school)

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8POSSSU Teaching positions: short-term substitute What teaching positions have you held? Short-term substitute

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8POSSTU Teaching positions: student teacher What teaching positions have you held? Student teacher

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PREP1 Teacher preparation: applied to teacher program Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Applied to teacher education program

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who were considering teaching at the K-12 level at the time of the interview. Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8CONSID = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PREP2 Teacher preparation: taken Praxis Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Taken the Praxis or other examination to enter teacher education program

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: B&B eligible respondents who were considering teaching at the K-12 level at the time of the interview.



Instrument code: N8BBELG = 1 and N8CONSID = 1 Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Student Interview

N8PREP3 Teacher preparation: entered teaching program Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Entered teacher education program

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PREP4 Teacher preparation: taken courses Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Taken courses toward teacher certification

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PREP5 Teacher preparation: taken exam Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Taken an examination to receive a teaching certificate or license

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PREP6 Teacher preparation: completed student teaching Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Completed the student teaching assignment

0 = No 1 = Yes


N8PREP7 Teacher preparation: applied to non-traditional teacher program Which of the following steps have you taken to prepare for a state-issued teaching certificate at the K-12 level? Applied to a non-traditional teacher training program, such as Teach for America or similar program

0 = No 1 = Yes


5769


Appendix C. Facsimiles


Computer-Assisted Data-Entry (CADE)


Appendix C. Facsimiles – Computer-Assisted Data Entry (CADE)


Student Indicators

ZRID NPSAS ID Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control System

CPSMATCH CPS match flag for 2007-2008, prior to CADE Indicates whether or not student matched to the Central Processing System prior to CADE. The Central Processing System contains financial aid application data for any students who applied for federal aid in a given year.

0 = Did not match to CPS prior to CADE 1 = Did match to CPS prior to CADE

Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control System

CPSMAT2 CPS match flag for 2007-2008, anytime Indicates whether or not student matched to the Central Processing System at all at any time. The Central Processing System contains financial aid application data for any students who applied for federal aid in a given year.

0 = Did not match to CPS 1 = Did match to CPS


SSNFLAG Social security number flag Indicates whether or not we have obtained what appears to be a good social security number for the student. Social security number could have been obtained from the enrollment list, through CADE, or during the student interview.

0 = No 1 = Yes


CADESTYP Student type determined in CADE If the institution gave the student's degree type in CADE, that degree was used to determine their CADE Student Type. If the institution did not give us a degree, the CADE Student Type was set to the sampled student type (STTYPE).

1 = Undergraduate 2 = Graduate 3 = Professional

Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

SOURCE Source of data Refers to the abstraction method the institution used to give us data on the student: Web (self) CADE, Field CADE, or Datafile CADE. Web CADE involved the institution entering data themselves via an application on the internet. RTI sent a field data collector to the institution to enter data onto the same web application residing locally on a laptop for Field CADE. Datafile CADE indicates that the institution sent us a series of electronic files containing the necessary CADE information.

1 = webCADE 2 = dataCADE 3 = fieldCADE


STTYPE Student sampled type This variable was set using data on the institution's enrollment list prior to CADE.

1 = Undergraduate 2 = Graduate 3 = Professional

Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control

SAMPTYPE Sampled Student Stratum

1 = BACC Business Majors - In-State 2 = BACC Business Majors - Out-of-State 3 = BACC STEM Majors - SMART Grant

Recipient - In-State 4 = BACC STEM Majors - SMART Grant

Recipient - Out-of-State 5 = BACC STEM Majors - non-SMART

Grant Recipient - In-State 6 = BACCSTEM Majors - non-SMART

Grant Recipient - Out-of-State 7 = BACC Other Majors - SMART Grant

Recipient - In-State 8 = BACC Other Majors - SMART Grant

Recipient - Out-of-State 9 = BACC Other Majors - non-SMART

Grant Recipient - In-State



10 = BACC Other Majors - non-SMART Grant Recipient - Out-of-State

11 = Other Undergraduate - SMART Grant Recipient - In-State

12 = Other Undergraduate - SMART Grant Recipient - Out-of-State

13 = Other Undergraduate - ACG Grant Recipient - In-State

14 = Other Undergraduate - ACG Grant Recipient - Out-of-State

15 = Other Other Undergraduate - In-State 16 = Other Other Undergraduate - Out-of-

State 17 = Master's Students 18 = Doctoral Students 19 = Other Graduate Students 20 = First-Professional Students


ELIG NPSAS eligible in CADE

0 = No, not eligible 1 = Yes, Eligible


Institution Indicators

INSTID The NPSAS institution's 6-digit IPEDS ID or UNITID. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control System

INSTNAME Institution name Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control System

INSTSTAT Institution state NOTE: Standard 2-character state codes have been replaced with 2-digit numeric codes.

1 = Alabama 2 = Alaska 3 = Arizona 4 = Arkansas 5 = California 6 = Colorado 7 = Connecticut 8 = Delaware

33 = New York 34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island

9 = District of Columbia

10 = Florida 11 = Georgia 12 = Hawaii 13 = Idaho 14 = Illinois 15 = Indiana 16 = Iowa 17 = Kansas 18 = Kentucky 19 = Louisiana 20 = Maine 21 = Maryland 22 = Massachusetts 23 = Michigan 24 = Minnesota 25 = Mississippi 26 = Missouri 27 = Montana 28 = Nebraska 29 = Nevada 30 = New

Hampshire 31 = New Jersey 32 = New Mexico

41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Fed State


Isl 59 = Palau 60 = Virgin Islands 61 = American Military 62 = Mexico 63 = Foreign Country

(other than Mexico and Canada)


OPEID Institution's OPE ID Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale Receipt Control System

CC2005B The "basic" Carnegie Classification is an update of the classification framework originally developed in 1970 by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education, and first published in 1973 for use in research on higher education. Although this classification has undergone many changes over the years, the current release involves some significant changes from previous editions.

0 = Not classified 1 = Associate's-Public Rural-serving Small 2 = Associate's-Public Rural-serving Medium 3 = Associate's-Public Rural-serving Large 4 = Associate's-Public Suburban Single

Campus 5 = Associate's-Public Suburban Multicampus 6 = Associate's-Public Urban Single Campus



7 = Associate's-Public Urban Multicampus 8 = Associate's-Public Special Use 9 = Associate's-Private Not-for-profit

10 = Associate's-Private For-profit 11 = Associate's-Public 2-year under 4-year 12 = Associate's-Public 4-yr Primarily Assoc. 13 = Associate's-Private not-for-profit4-yr

Primarily Assoc 14 = Associate's-Private for-profit 4-yr

Primarily Assoc 15 = Research (very high research activity) 16 = Research (high research activity) 17 = Doctoral/Research Universities 18 = Master's (larger programs) 19 = Master's (medium programs) 20 = Master's (smaller programs) 21 = Baccalaureate Colleges-Arts & Sciences 22 = Baccalaureate Colleges-Diverse Fields

23 = Baccalaureate/Associate's Colleges 24 = Special Focus -Theological 25 = Special Focus -Medical 26 = Special Focus -Other health professions 27 = Special Focus -Engineering 28 = Special Focus -Other technology 29 = Special Focus -Business/management 30 = Special Focus -Art, music, and design 31 = Special Focus -Law 32 = Special Focus -Other special-focus 33 = Tribal Colleges 34 = Non-degree granting


CC2000 Institution's Carnegie code - 2000

15 = Doctoral/Research Universities—Extensive 16 = Doctoral/Research Universities—Intensive 21 = Master's Colleges and Universities I 22 = Master's Colleges and Universities II 31 = Baccalaureate Colleges—Liberal Arts 32 = Baccalaureate Colleges—General 33 = Baccalaureate/Associate's Colleges 40 = Associate's Colleges 51 = Specialized- Theological seminaries 52 = Specialized- Medical schools and centers 53 = Specialized- Other separate health prof 54 = Specialized- Engineering and technology 55 = Specialized- business and management 56 = Specialized- art, music, and design 57 = Specialized- Schools of law 58 = Specialized- Teachers colleges 59 = Specialized- Other specialized 60 = Tribal colleges and universities

Applies to: All students. Sources: 2005-06 IPEDS Institution Characteristics File

LEVEL Institution level

1 = 4-year 2 = 2-year 3 = Less-than-2-year


LEVEL4 Institution level 4

1 = Less-than-2-year 2 = 2-year 3 = 4-year non-doctorate granting 4 = 4-year doctorate granting


CONTROL Institution control

1 = Public 2 = Private not-for-profit 3 = Private for-profit


HLOFFER Institution's highest level of offering

1 = Postsecondary award/dipl/cert, < 1 year 2 = Postsecondary awd/dipl, > 1 yr but < 2 3 = Associates degree 4 = Postsecondary awd/dipl, > 2 yr but < 4 5 = Bachelors degree 6 = Postbaccalaureate certificate 7 = Masters degree 8 = Post-masters certificate 9 = Doctors degree


FPOFFER Professional degrees offered at the institution

0 = No, professional degrees not offered 1 = Yes, professional degrees offered




SECTOR Institution sector

1 = Public 4-year 2 = Private not-for-profit 4-year 3 = Private for-profit 4-year 4 = Public 2-year 5 = Private not-for-profit 2-year 6 = Private for-profit 2-year 7 = Public less-than-2-year 8 = Private not-for-profit less-than-2-yr 9 = Private for-profit less-than-2-year


SECTOR9 Category 9 combined level and control

1 = Public less-than-2-year 2 = Public 2-year 3 = Public 4-year, nondoctorate-granting 4 = Public doctorate-granting 5 = Private non-profit, less than 4-year 6 = Private non-profit 4-year nondoctorate 7 = Private non-profit doctorate-granting 8 = Private for-profit less-than-2-year 9 = Private for profit 2-years or more


STRATUM Institution sampling stratum Institutions were categorized as high education or low education based on data from IPEDS. High education refers to the 20 percent of institutions with the highest proportions of their baccalaureate degrees awarded in education. The remaining 80 percentage classified as low education, having a lower proportion of baccalaureate degrees awarded in education. The high education strata are generally sampled at a higher rate than the low education strata.

1 = Public less-than-2-year 2 = Public 2-year 3 = Public 4-year non-doctorate bachelor's

high education bachelor's degree granting 4 = Public 4-year non-doctorate bachelor's

low education bachelor's degree granting 5 = Public 4-year non-doctorate master's high

education bachelor's degree granting 6 = Public 4-year non-doctorate master's low

education bachelor's degree granting 7 = Public 4-year doctorate high education

bachelor's degree granting 8 = Public 4-year doctorate low education

bachelor's degree granting

9 = Public 4-year professional-granting high education bachelor's degree granting

10 = Public 4-year professional-granting low education bachelor's degree granting

11 = Private not-for-profit less-than-2-year 12 = Private not-for-profit 2-year 13 = Private non-profit 4-year non-doctorate

bachelor's high education bachelor's degree granting

14 = Private non-profit 4-year non-doctorate bachelor's low education bachelor's degree granting

15 = Private non-profit 4-year non-doctorate master's high education bachelor's degree granting

16 = Private non-profit 4-year non-doctorate master's low education bachelor's degree granting

17 = Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate high education bachelor's degree granting

18 = Private not-for-profit 4-year doctorate low education bachelor's degree granting

19 = Private non-profit 4-year professional-granting high education bachelor's degree granting

20 = Private non-profit 4-year professional-granting low education bachelor's degree granting

21 = Private for-profit less-than-2-year 22 = Private for-profit 2-year or more


GPASCALE Institution GPA scale This variable was set using data obtained from the institution prior to CADE data collection.

1 = 4 point scale 2 = 100 point scale 3 = Other scale 4 = No GPAs


CLOCK Denotes if the institution is on a clock or credit hour system This variable was set using data obtained from the institution prior to CADE data collection.

1 = Clock 2 = Credit 3 = Both




CALSYS NPSAS institution’s academic calendar system This variable was set using data obtained from the institution prior to CADE data collection.

1 = Semester 2 = Quarter 3 = Trimester 4 = Four-one-four plan 5 = Differs by program 6 = Continuous 7 = Other 8 = No standard terms


Contact Information PERMSTAT Student's permanent address state NOTE: Standard 2-character state codes have been replaced with 2-digit numeric codes.

1 = Alabama 2 = Alaska 3 = Arizona 4 = Arkansas 5 = California 6 = Colorado 7 = Connecticut 8 = Delaware 9 = District Of

Columbia 10 = Florida 11 = Georgia 12 = Hawaii 13 = Idaho 14 = Illinois 15 = Indiana 16 = Iowa 17 = Kansas 18 = Kentucky 19 = Louisiana 20 = Maine 21 = Maryland 22 = Massachusetts 23 = Michigan 24 = Minnesota 25 = Mississippi 26 = Missouri 27 = Montana 28 = Nebraska 29 = Nevada 30 = New Hampshire 31 = New Jersey

32 = New Mexico 33 = New York 34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island 41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Federated States Of Micronesia 57 = Marshall Islands 58 = Northern Mariana Islands 59 = Palau 60 = Virgin Islands


SCHSTRES Is the student a permanent resident of [NPSAS INSTITUTION STATE]? Note: The state of the institution was automatically filled in the question.

0 = Not a permanent resident 1 = Yes, a permanent resident


LOCSTAT Student's local address state NOTE: Standard 2-character state codes have been replaced with 2-digit numeric codes.



Hampshire 31 = New Jersey

32 = New Mexico 33 = New York 34 = North Carolina 35 = North Dakota 36 = Ohio 37 = Oklahoma 38 = Oregon 39 = Pennsylvania 40 = Rhode Island 41 = South Carolina 42 = South Dakota 43 = Tennessee 44 = Texas 45 = Utah 46 = Vermont 47 = Virginia 48 = Washington 49 = West Virginia 50 = Wisconsin 51 = Wyoming 52 = Puerto Rico 53 = Canada 54 = American Samoa 55 = Guam 56 = Federated States

Of Micronesia 57 = Marshall Islands 58 = Northern

Mariana Islands 59 = Palau 60 = Virgin Islands




PARSTAT Parent's address state NOTE: Standard 2-character state codes have been replaced with 2-digit numeric codes.






Applies to: Students who have parent address information available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

Demographics

ASTHDOB Student date of birth - YYYYMM Note: This variable is checked against data received from the Central Processing System (CPS). If user entered something different, user was warned about the difference and could choose to keep what he entered or keep what was received from CPS. NOTE: If the institution gave a valid year but left the month blank, the month value was set to 00. Note: Dates of birth with years between 0 and 1918 or greater than 1993 were set to -6. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTHAGE Is the student... Click here if the student is 24 years or older. Click here if the student is under 24 years. Click here if you don't know.

0 = Under 24 years 1 = 24 years or older

Applies to: Students who indicated Unknown ASTHDOB. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASGENDER Gender

1 = Male 2 = Female


ASDRIVST Student's driver's license state NOTE: Standard 2-character state codes have been replaced with 2-digit numeric codes.









AMARITAL Marital status:

1 = Not married 2 = Married 3 = Separated


AHIGHSCH High school degree: Note that for this variable, the skip logic in the instrument first checked the degree type entered in the CADE Enrollment section to determine student type, and if that was blank at the time the user encountered this item, the instrument checked the preloaded student type.

1 = High school diploma 2 = GED or other equivalency 3 = High school completion certificate 4 = Foreign high school 5 = No high school degree/certificate

Applies to: Undergraduate students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASHIGHYR Year received diploma/GED/certificate Note that for this variable, the skip logic in the instrument first checked the degree type entered in the CADE Enrollment section to determine student type, and if that was blank at the time the user encountered this item, the instrument checked the preloaded student type. Note: Any years greater than 2008 or less than 1940 were set to -6. Applies to: Undergraduate students who have received a high school diploma, GED, or other certificate of high school completion. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASHISPAN What is the student’s ethnicity?

0 = Not Hispanic or Latino 1 = Hispanic or Latino


ASTWHITE What is the student’s race? (y/n) (Choose one or more.)

1. = White 2. = Black or African American 3. = Asian 4. = American Indian or Alaska Native 5. = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific

Islander NOTE: This variable was imputed to 0 (NO) if it was left blank and any other race variable was set to 1 (YES). If all race variables were set to 0 (NO) then all were changed to -9 for "Missing".

0 = Not White 1 = White


ASTBLACK Black or African-American See ASTWHITE for description.

0 = Not African American or Black 1 = African American or Black




ASTASIAN Asian See ASTWHITE for description.

0 = Not Asian 1 = Asian


ASINDIAN American Indian or Alaska Native See ASTWHITE for description.

0 = Not American Indian or Alaska native 1 = American Indian or Alaska native


ASISLAND Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander See ASTWHITE for description.

0 = Not Hawaiian or other Pacific islander 1 = Hawaiian or other Pacific islander


ACITIZEN What is the student’s citizenship status? Note: This variable is checked against data received from the Central Processing System (CPS). The data from CPS was displayed for the user. If the user changed the answer, the user was warned that the new information did not match the data from CPS.

1 = US citizen or US national 2 = Resident alien 3 = Foreign/international student


AORIGIN What is the student’s country of origin? Applies to: Students who are foreign/international or non-resident alien. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

AVETERAN Is the student a veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces (y/n)? Note: This variable is checked against data received from the Central Processing System (CPS). The data from CPS was displayed for the user. If the user changed the answer, the user was warned that the new information did not match the data from CPS. Note: This variable was imputed to NO for all students born after 1990.

0 = Not a veteran 1 = Veteran


Undergraduate Admissions

ASTSATAV Is an SAT score available (y/n)? NOTE: This variable was imputed for Datafile CADE users because there was no such gate question on the datafile layout. If there was a SAT verbal or math score given, it was imputed to YES. Otherwise it was set to NO.

0 = No SAT scores available 1 = SAT scores available


ASTSATV SAT verbal score Note: Scores between 0 and 200 or greater than 800 were set to -6. Scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Undergraduate students who had SAT scores available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTSATM SAT math score Note: Scores between 0 and 200 or greater than 800 were set to -6. Scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Undergraduate students who had SAT scores available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTSATW SAT writing score Note: Scores between 0 and 200 or greater than 800 were set to -6. Scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Undergraduate students who had SAT scores available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTACTAV Is an ACT score available (y/n)? NOTE: This variable was imputed for Datafile CADE users because there was no such gate question on the datafile layout. If there was a ACT score given, it was imputed to YES. Otherwise it was set to NO.

0 = No ACT scores available 1 = ACT scores available




ASTACTS Composite ACT score Applies to: Undergraduate students who had ACT scores available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTHSGPA What is the student’s high school GPA? Note: This format differs among institutions. Schools may have differing GPA scales, 4.0 scale, 100 scale, or something else. Note: Any GPA scores greater than 100 or between 5 and 30 were set to -6. GPA scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Undergraduate students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

ASTCELIG Does the student meet the high school curriculum eligibility requirements for a federal Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG)?

0 = No, student does not meet requirements 1 = Yes, student does meet requirements

Applies to: First and second year undergraduate students with CCADEEFC <= 4110. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

Enrollment

BTMBEG01 Begin date term 1 - YYYYMM If student was enrolled in a course for credit at any time during the study period (July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008) list all terms for which the student was enrolled and provide the following information for each term:

0 = Name of term or payment period 1 = Start date of that term/period 2 = End date of that term/period 3 = Attendance status 4 = [If school is not a clock-hour school:] 5 = Credit hours


BTMEND01 End date term 1 - YYYYMM If student was enrolled in a course for credit at any time during the study period (July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008) list all terms for which the student was enrolled and provide the following information for each term:

0 = Name of term or payment period 1 = Start date of that term/period 2 = End date of that term/period 3 = Attendance status

4 = [If school is not a clock-hour school:] 5 = Credit hours


BTMST01 Attendance status term 1 If student was enrolled in a course for credit at any time during the study period (July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008) list all terms for which the student was enrolled and provide the following information for each term:


Undergraduate attendance status guidelines: Full-time = 12-22 hours Half-time = 6-12 hours Less-than-half-time = 1-6 hours Graduate/first professional attendance status guidelines: Full-time = 1-22 hours Half-time = 1-12 hours Less-than-half-time = 1-6 hours Note: A warning is given when user enters hours outside of the ranges for these statuses, but user is free to ignore warnings.

1 = Full-time 2 = Half-time 3 = Less Than Half-time


BTMHR01 Credit hours term 1 If student was enrolled in a course for credit at any time during the study period (July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008) list all terms for which the student was enrolled and provide the following information for each term:


Note: Hours between 0 and 12 or greater than 22 were set to -6 for undergraduates enrolled full time. Hours between 0 and 6 or greater than 12 were set to -6 for undergraduates enrolled half time. Hours greater than 6 were set to -6 for undergraduates enrolled less than half time. Hours greater than 22 were set to -6 for graduate and professional students enrolled full time. Hours greater than 12 were set to -6 for graduate and professional students enrolled half time. Hours greater than 6 were set to -6 for graduate and professional



students enrolled less than half time. Hours of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Students at institutions with standard terms and not on a clock-hour system. Perturbation procedures were applied to this and other variables to protect against disclosure of individual information. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTMBEG02 Begin date term 2 - YYYYMM See BTMBEG01 for description Applies to: Students enrolled in at least 2 terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTMEND02 End date term 2 - YYYYMM See BTMEND01 for description Applies to: Students enrolled in at least 2 terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTMST02 Attendance status term 2 See BTMST01 for description.

0 = Not Enrolled 1 = Full-time 2 = Half-time 3 = Less Than Half-time 4 = Enrolled, but status unknown

Applies to: Students enrolled in at least 2 terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTMHR02 Credit hours term 2 See BTMHR01 for description. Applies to: Students enrolled in at least 2 terms at institutions with standard terms and not on a clock-hour system. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE


















































0 = Not Enrolled 1 = Full-time

2 = Half-time 3 = Less Than Half-time 4 = Enrolled, but status unknown

















YENROLL Derived student enrollment string that indicates the enrollment intensity at the NPSAS institution from July 2007 through August 2008. It is an enrollment array of 14 monthly indicators that was built using data from the institution's records. The values of the enrollment intensity indicators are:

1= Full-time 2= Part-time 3 = Half-time 4 = Enrolled, but status unknown 5 = Missing 6 = Not enrolled

To get the individual enrollment intensity variables for each month using SAS, use the SUBSTR function: ENR0707=SUBSTR(YENROLL,1,1); /* July 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR0807=SUBSTR(YENROLL,2,1); /* August 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR0907=SUBSTR(YENROLL,3,1); /* Sept 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR1007=SUBSTR(YENROLL,4,1); /* October 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR1107=SUBSTR(YENROLL,5,1); /* November 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR1207=SUBSTR(YENROLL,6,1); /* December 2007 enrollment intensity */ ENR0108=SUBSTR(YENROLL,7,1); /* January 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0208=SUBSTR(YENROLL,8,1); /* February 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0308=SUBSTR(YENROLL,9,1); /* March 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0408=SUBSTR(YENROLL,10,1); /* April 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0508=SUBSTR(YENROLL,11,1); /* May 2008 enrollment intensity */

ENR0608=SUBSTR(YENROLL,12,1); /* June 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0708=SUBSTR(YENROLL,13,1); /* July 2008 enrollment intensity */ ENR0808=SUBSTR(YENROLL,14,1); /* August 2008 enrollment intensity */ Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENLADEG During [student's last term] [BTMBEG/BTMEND] in what type of degree program was this student enrolled?

1 = Bachelor’s degree program 2 = Associate’s degree program 3 = Undergraduate certificate or diploma 4 = Undergraduate, non-degree program 5 = Master’s degree program 6 = Professional degree program 7 = Doctoral degree program 8 = Post-baccalaureate certificate program 9 = Graduate, not in a degree program


BENLAWA What type of Associate's degree was the student enrolled in during [student's last term] [BTMBEG/BTMEND]?

1 = AA,AS, general education, transfer prog 2 = AAS, occupational or technical program

Applies to: Students enrolled in an Associate’s degree program. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENADVDG Which of the following Doctoral or Professional degrees was the student working toward during [student's last term] [BTMBEG/BTMEND]? Note: If BENLADEG=8 then 28 was automatically stored in this variable. If BENLADEG=9 then 29 was automatically stored in this variable. Only cases with BENLADEG=5 received the Master's degree question and only cases with BENLADEG = 6 or 7 received the Doctoral/Professional degree question.

1 = Master of Science (MS) 2 = Master of Arts (MA) 3 = Master of Education or Teaching 4 = Master of Business Administration (MBA) 5 = Master of Public Admin or Policy 6 = Master of Social Work (MSW) 7 = Master of Fine Arts (MFA) 8 = Master of Public Health (MPH) 9 = Other masters degree program 11 = Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 12 = Doctor of Education (EdD) 13 = Doctor of Science or Engineering 14 = Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)



15 = Doctor of Business or Public Admin 16 = Doctor of Fine Arts (DFA) 17 = Doctor of Theology (ThD) 18 = Other Doctoral Degree 19 = Ministry or Divinity 20 = Law (LLB or JD) 21 = Medicine or Osteopathic Medicine 22 = Dentistry (DDS, DMD) 23 = Chiropractic (DC, DCM) 24 = Pharmacy (PharmD) 25 = Optometry (OD) 26 = Podiatry (DPM, DP, PodD) 27 = Veterinary Medicine (DVM) 28 = Post-baccalaureate certificate 29 = Graduate, not in a degree program

Applies to: Graduate and Professional students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENLALVL During [student's last term] [BTMBEG/BTMEND], what was this student's level?

1 = 1st year/freshman 2 = 2nd year/sophomore 3 = 3rd year/junior 4 = 4th year/senior 5 = 5th year or higher undergraduate 6 = Undergraduate (unclassified) 7 = Student with adv deg taking UG courses 8 = First year graduate/professional 9 = Second year graduate/professional 10 = Third year graduate/professional 11 = Beyond third yr graduate/professional


BEBADATE You have indicated that this student is enrolled as a graduate or professional student. When did this student obtain a Baccalaureate degree? (Month/Year) Note: If the institution gave a valid year but left the month blank, the month value will be set to 00. Note: Dates with years between 0 and 1936 and after August 2008 were set to -6. Applies to: Graduate and Professional students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENOBACC Student does not have a Baccalaureate degree. NOTE: This check box is located on the same screen as BEBADATE.

1 = Does not have baccalaureate degree Applies to: Graduate and Professional students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BECIPMAJ Please enter the 6-digit CIP Code of the student’s major field of study. Note: Non-numeric or values that were obviously not CIP codes were set to -6. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENNFGPA Cumulative GPA Note: This format differs among institutions. Schools may have differing GPA scales, 4.0 scale, 100 scale, or something else. Note: Any GPA scores greater than 100 or between 5 and 30 were set to -6. GPA scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Students from sampled institutions which indicated they do have GPA scores. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BEMAJGPA Major GPA: Note: This format differs among institutions. Schools may have differing GPA scales, 4.0 scale, 100 scale, or something else. Note: Any GPA scores greater than 100 or between 5 and 30 were set to -6. GPA scores of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Students from sampled institutions which indicated they do have GPA scores. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BEFTB Is this student classified as a first-time, first-year degree-seeking student for IPEDS reporting purposes? [y/n]

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Undergraduate students or students who do not have a bachelor’s degree. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BEEXPDEG Is the student expected to have completed the requirements for the [BENLADEG] on or before June 30, 2008? [y/n]

0 = Does not expect to complete by 6/30/2008 1 = Yes, expects to complete by 6/30/2008




BEBBCOMP In addition to the [BENLADEG], has the student completed or does the student plan to complete a bachelor's degree between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: Students who indicated they were working on a degree other than a bachelor’s degree. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BBELG B&B eligibility flag as determined in CADE. If (BEBADATE >200707 and BEBADATE <200806) or (BENLADEG = 1 and BEEXPDEG = 1) or BEBBCOMP = 1 then do BBELG=1; end; else BBELG=0

0 = Not B & B eligible 1 = B & B eligible


BECLKHRS What is the total length of the program in clock/contact hours? Note: Hours between 0 and 300 or greater than 3000 were set to -6.Hours of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Students at clock-hour schools. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BENCLKWK How many hours (lab and classroom) are required per week? Note: Hours of 0 were set to -9. Applies to: Students at clock-hour schools. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

INELIG1 Not enrolled during NPSAS year

0 = No 1 = Yes

Applies to: All ineligible students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

INELIG2 Received full tuition refund

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG3 Pays tuition to another institution

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG4 Program does not require 3 months or 300 clock/contact hours

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG5 Not enrolled in any course for transferable credit

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG6 Still completing high school requirements

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG7 Enrolled solely in GED or high school completion

0 = No 1 = Yes


INELIG8 Enrolled solely in an adult basic education program

0 = No 1 = Yes


5769



Tuition

BTUONANS For the terms attended by this student, specify amounts of tuition/fees. NOTE: This variable was logically imputed for Datafile CADE institutions. If they gave us tuition by total, BTUONANS was set to 2. If they gave us tuition by terms only, BTUONANS was set to 1.

1 = Tuition amount entered by terms 2 = Tuition amount entered by total


BTU01AMT Tuition amount term 1 Note: Amounts greater than $20,000 and less than $10 were set to -6. Applies to: Students who have tuition entered separate by terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTU02AMT Tuition amount term 2 Note: Amounts greater than $20,000 and less than $10 were set to -6. Applies to: Students who have tuition entered separate by terms and were enrolled in at least 2 terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE










BTU12AMT Tuition amount term 12 Note: Amounts greater than $20,000 and less than $10 were set to -6.



Applies to: Students who have tuition entered separate by terms and were enrolled in at least 12 terms. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

BTTUITOT Total tuition and fees charged for all terms Note: If user selected to enter tuition amount by terms, total is still calculated and filled here. Note: Any total tuition amounts between 0 and $10 were recoded to -6. For any total tuition amounts greater than $40,000 for undergraduates or greater than $70,000 for graduate or professional students, it was assumed that the institution gave decimal places in the amount and the amount was divided by 100 (see TUITEDIT for a flag indicating if this edit was performed). Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

TUITEDIT Edit flag for BTTUITOT. For institutions who gave us total tuition, if the amount is greater than $40,000 for undergraduates

or $70,000 for graduate or professional students, assume they gave us decimals by mistake and divide by 100.SAS Code:if btuonans=2 and (cadestyp=1 and bttuitot gt 40000 or cadestyp<1 and bttuitot gt 70000)then do;bttuitot=int(bttuitot/100);tuitedit=1;end;

0 = No edit 1 = Edit performed


BTUNJURI For tuition purposes, this student was classified as: Note: This variable was set to 0 for all private institutions.

0 = Not a public institution 1 = In jurisdiction 2 = Out of jurisdiction


5769



Institutional Student Information Record

CSAVLANS Is there an Institution Student Information Record (ISIR) or computerized ISIR data available for this student? (y/n) Note: If the student matched to the Central Processing System (CPS) prior to the institution doing CADE, then this variable was coded to 2.

0 = No, ISIR is not available 1 = Yes, ISIR is available 2 = ISIR available with a CPS match


Need Analysis CBUNFANS Is there financial aid budget information or a FEDERAL Expected Family Contribution (EFC) value available for this student (y/n)? Note: This question was logically coded to YES for Datafile CADE institutions that gave us good data in the nested items.

0 = No budget or EFC info available 1 = Budget or EFC info available


CNDEPEND What was the student’s dependency status during the study year for federal financial aid purposes? NOTE: If student matched to CPS 2007-2008 prior to data collection, the dependency value from CPS was preloaded into CADE. The user had the option of keeping that value, or editing it.

1 = Dependent 2 = Independent

Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNLCLRES For the purposes of determining the student’s financial aid budget, what was the student’s local residence?

1 = On-campus or school-owned housing 2 = Off-campus without parents 3 = Off-campus with parents


CCADEEFC Please enter or update the Federal Expected Family Contribution (EFC) amounts for this student. NOTE: If student matched to CPS 2007-2008 prior to data collection, the EFC value from CPS was preloaded into CADE. The user had the option of keeping that value, or editing it. NOTE: If amount was between $1 and $10 the amount was recoded to 0. If amount is greater than $99,999, assume the institution gave decimals by mistake and divide the amount by 100. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available or students who matched to CPS. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

EFCEDIT If EFC amount is greater than $99,999, assume the institution gave us decimals by mistake and divide by 100. SAS Code: if ccadeefc>99999 then do; ccadeefc=int(ccadeefc/100); efcedit=1; end; if ccadeefc gt 0 and ccadeefc lt 10 then ccadeefc=0



CNEAVAIL Is there a Cost of Attendance or Student Expense Budget available for this student? (y/n) Note: This question was logically coded to YES for Datafile CADE institutions that gave us good data in the nested budget items.

0 = No, cost of attendance budget not avail 1 = Yes, cost of attendance budget is avail


CNESLORT Please provide line-item budget amounts (if only a total budget amount is available, please provide the total amount). Select line-item or total to enter the line-item or total budget amounts below:

A. Tuition and fees B. Books and supplies C. Room and board D. Transportation E. Computer technology F. All other expenses

Total Cost of Attendance 1 = Enter budget info by line-item



2 = Enter budget info by total Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available and had Cost of Attendance information available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CTUITION Budget amount for tuition and fees See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for tuition less than $100 or greater than $50,000 were set to -6. Tuition budget amounts of 0 were also set to-6, as well as CTOTLCOA if the tuition budget was 0. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the mounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNEBOOKS Budget amount for books and supplies See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for books less than $100 or greater than $3000 were set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNESROOM Budget amount for room and board See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for room and board less than $100 or greater than $20,000 were set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNETRANS Budget amount for transportation See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for transportation less than $100 or greater than $8000 were set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNESCOMP Budget amount for computer technology See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for computer technology less than $100 or greater than $4000 were set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNEOTHER Budget amount for all other expenses See CNESLORT for description. Note: Budget amounts for all other expenses less than $100 or greater than $15,000 were set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available, had Cost of Attendance information available, and provided line item budget amounts. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CTOTLCOA Total cost of attendance See CNESLORT for description. NOTE: Costs greater than $70,000 or between 0 and $100 were set to -6. NOTE: If user entered budget amounts by line-item, those lines were summed and stored in this variable. If any of those line items were set to -6 for being out of range or if CTUITION was 0, then this variable was set to -6. Note: If a Datafile CADE institution gave us budget amounts that were so high they obviously



included decimals, the amounts were divided by 100 and the BUDGEDIT flag was set. [If CNESLORT = 1]Total:[If CNESLORT = 2] Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget or Federal EFC information available and had Cost of Attendance information available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CNPERIOD For what period did this budget apply?

1 = Full-time, full-year 2 = Full-time, one term 3 = Part-time, full-year 4 = Part-time, one term 5 = Other

Applies to: Students who had financial aid budget information available and had Cost of Attendance information available. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

Aid Awarded CFACVANS Did this student receive any financial aid such as:

1 = assistantships 2 = grants 3 = scholarships 4 = loans 5 = fellowships 6 = work study 7 = tuition waivers or discounts 8 = tuition aid from employers 9 = veteran benefits

10 = other financial aid for the terms or courses in which the student was enrolled between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? (y/n) (Some portion of the term must occur between these dates but may start prior to July 1 or end after June 30.) Note: This item was logically imputed for Datafile CADE institutions. If they gave us any aid amounts for a student, it was set to 1, else it was set to 0.

0 = Did not receive any financial aid 1 = Received financial aid


CFFEDAID Did the student receive any federal financial aid such as those programs listed below? (y/n) Please enter the amounts of financial aid received by this student within each program:

• Pell grant • Academic Competitiveness Grants • SMART Grants • Stafford loan - subsidized (FFEL or

Direct)

• Stafford loan - unsubsidized (FFEL or Direct)

• PLUS parent loan (FFEL or Direct) • Perkins loan • Federal SEOG grant • Federal work-study (FWS) • Robert Byrd Honors Scholarship • Federal health professions loan • Federal health professions

Disadvantaged Student Scholarships Note: This gate question and the nested federal aid amounts were imputed to 0 (No to receiving federal aid and 0 for the amounts) when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO). This gate question was also imputed for Datafile CADE uses because our datafile layout did not contain the financial aid gate questions. If there was a positive amount in any nested aid program, this gate was set to 1 (Yes). If there were no positive amounts, this gate was set to 0 (No).

0 = Did not receive federal aid 1 = Received federal aid


CFADPELL Pell grant amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Note: Amounts greater than $4310 were set to $4310, the Pell maximum amount. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFACG Academic Competitiveness Grants See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Note: Amounts greater than $1300 were set to $1300, the ACG maximum amount. Applies to: All students.



Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFSMART SMART Grants See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Note: Amounts greater than $4000 were set to $4000, the SMART maximum amount. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFASSTAF Subsidized Stafford loan amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAUSTAF Unsubsidized Stafford loan amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Note: For medical schools (CC2000=52) if CFAUSTAF > 30,000 then CFAUSTAF was set to 30,000 since students at medical schools can borrow up to a higher limit unsubsidized. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADPLUS PLUS parent loan amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank.

Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CPERKINS Perkins loan amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAFSEOG Federal SEOG grant amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFATDFWS Federal work-study amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFROBYRD Robert Byrd honors scholarship amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank.



Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFHLTHPR Federal health professions loan amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADISAD Federal health professions Disadvantaged Student Scholarship amount See CFFEDAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any federal aid or the federal aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

FEDEDIT Edit flag for federal aid items. If any federal aid amount is greater than $30,000, assume the institution gave us decimals by mistake and divide the amount by 100. SAS Code: array fed1 cfadpell cfafseog cfrobyrd cfatdfws cfasstaf cfaustaf cfadplus cperkins cfhlthpr cfadisad cffedfel cfatrain; do over fed1; if 0<fed1< 100 then fed1=0; else if fed1>30000 then do; fed1=int(fed1/100); fededit=1; end;end;



CSTATAID Did the student receive any state aid such as those programs listed below? (y/n) Please enter the amounts of state aid received by this student within each program:(A customized list

of up to 12 of the most popular aid programs for that institution's state displays here. Codes corresponding to the program names are delivered on this file and the program names are on the Institution file.) Note: This gate question and the nested state aid amounts were imputed to 0 (No to receiving state aid and 0 for the amounts) when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO).

0 = No, student did not receive state aid 1 = Yes, student did receive state aid


CF01NAME State aid program 1 name Applies to: Students who received state aid program 1. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

STAID01 State aid code 1 See CSTATAID for description. Applies to: Students who received state aid program 1. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

C01STATE State aid program 1 amount See CSTATAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any state aid or the state aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, the amount was divided by 10 and the STATEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CF01TYP State aid program 1 type See STATAID for description.

1 = Need-based grant 2 = Merit-based grant 3 = Grant based on both need and merit 4 = Grant - categorical 5 = Loan 6 = Work-study 7 = Vocational rehab/training 8 = Grant - classified as institutional 9 = Loan/scholarship

Applies to: Students who received state aid program 1. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE































C06STATE State aid program 6 amount See CSTATAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any state aid or the state aid gate question was left blank.

Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, the amount was divided by 10 and the STATEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE















CF08TYP State aid program 8 type See STATAID for description. 1 = Need-based grant 2 = Merit-based grant 3 = Grant based on both need and merit 4 = Grant - categorical 5 = Loan 6 = Work-study 7 = Vocational rehab/training 8 = Grant - classified as institutional 9 = Loan/scholarship Applies to: Students who received state aid program 8. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE



C09STATE State aid program 9 amount See CSTATAID for description.

Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any state aid or the state aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, the amount was divided by 10 and the STATEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE








1 = Need-based grant 2 = Merit-based grant 3 = Grant based on both need and merit 4 = Grant - categorical 5 = Loan 6 = Work-study 7 = Vocational rehab/training



8 = Grant - classified as institutional 9 = Loan/scholarship






1 = {Alpha String} 2 = Merit-based grant 3 = Grant based on both need and merit 4 = Grant - categorical 5 = Loan 6 = Work-study 7 = Vocational rehab/training 8 = Grant - classified as institutional 9 = Loan/scholarship



STAID12 State aid program 11 type See STATAID for description. Applies to: Students who received state aid program 12. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE





STATEDIT Edit flag for state aid items. If any state aid amount is greater than $30,000, divide the amount by 10. SAS Code: array samt c01state c02state c03state c04state c05state c06state c07state c08state c09state c10state c11state c12state;do over samt; if 0<samt< 100 then samt=0; else if samt>30000 then do; samt=int(samt/10); statedit=1; end; end;



CFAUGAID Did the student receive any institutional aid such as the programs below? (y/n) Please enter the amounts of institutional aid received within each program:

• [SPECIFIC INSTITUTION AID - up to 12 programs listed]

• Other grants/scholarships: need-based • Other grants/scholarships: merit-based • Other grants/scholarships: both

need/merit • Athletic scholarship • UG tuition waivers for staff, family • Other UG tuition waivers and discounts • Undergraduate Institutional loan



• Undergraduate Institutional work-study • Undergraduate resident assistants, tutors

Note: Up to 12 customized institution aid programs are displayed first in the list. This list of aid programs is obtained from the institution prior to data collection. Codes corresponding to the program names listed are delivered on this file and the aid program names are listed on the Institution file. Note: This gate question and the nested undergraduate aid amounts were imputed to 0 (No to receiving undergraduate aid and 0 for the amounts) when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO).

0 = Did not receive institution aid 1 = Received institution aid


CFANAM01 Institution aid program 1 name Applies to: Students whose institution had a program filled here and received aid from this program. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

INADID01 Institution aid code 1 See CFAUGAID for description. Applies to: Students who received institution aid program 1. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAINS01 Institution aid program 1 amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFATYP01 Institution aid program 1 type See CFAUGAID for description.

1 = Need-based 2 = Merit-based 3 = Based on both need and merit

Applies to: Students who received institution aid program 1. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE









CFAINS03 Institution aid program 3 amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank.



Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE




























































CFAINS12 Institution aid program 12 amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any



institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE




CFADNEED Other grants/scholarships: need-based amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAMERIT Other grants/scholarships: merit-based amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADBOTH Other grants/scholarships: both need/merit amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank.


CFATHSCH Athletic scholarship amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFEMPWAI Tuition waivers for faculty/staff, family amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFWAIDIS Other undergraduate tuition waivers and discounts amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAUGLON Undergraduate institutional loan amount See CFAUGAID for description.



Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADUGWS Undergraduate work-study amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAUGASS Undergraduate resident assistants, tutors, advisor stipends amount See CFAUGAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any institution aid or the institution aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

INSTEDIT Edit flag for institution aid items. If any institution/other aid amount is greater than $30,000 and is greater than the total cost of attendance, divide the amount by 10.SAS Code:array inst CFAINS01 CFAINS02 CFAINS03 CFAINS04 CFAINS05 CFAINS06 CFAINS07 CFAINS08 CFAINS09 CFAINS10 CFAINS11 CFAINS12 cfadneed cfamerit cfadboth cfathsch cfempwai cfwaidis cfauglon cfadugws cfaugass cfteaass cfresass cfgrdass cfagrwai cftuiwai cfagrlon cfadgrws cfadpriv cfadempl cfatdvet cfadrotc cfadjtpa cfindian cfaothst cfaprlon cfdcgrnt; do over inst; if 0<inst< 100 then inst=0;

if inst>30000 and (inst>ctotlcoa or ctotlcoa in (-3, -6)) then do; inst=int(inst/10); instedit=1;end; end;



CFAGRAID Did this student receive any graduate institutional aid such as the programs below? (y/n) Please enter the amounts of graduate institutional aid received by this student within each program.

• Graduate fellowship or scholarship • Federal fellowship (NSF, NASA, NIH,

USDA) • Federal traineeship • Teaching assistantships/stipends • Research assistantships/stipends • Other graduate assistants, tutors • Tuition waivers for graduate students • Tuition waivers for faculty/staff, family • Institutional work-study • Institutional loan

Note: This gate question and the nested graduate aid amounts were imputed to 0 (No to receiving graduate aid and 0 for the amounts) when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO) and for undergraduates. This gate question was also imputed for Datafile CADE uses because our datafile layout did not contain the financial aid gate questions. If there was a positive amount in any nested aid program, this gate was set to 1 (Yes). If there were no positive amounts, this gate was set to 0 (No). 0 = Did not receive any graduate aid 1 = Received graduate aid Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAGRFEL Graduate fellowship or scholarship amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE



CFFEDFEL Federal fellowship (NSF, NASA, NIH, USDA) amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFATRAIN Federal traineeship amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000, it was assumed that the institution mistakenly gave us decimals. The amount was divided by 100 and the FEDEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFTEAASS Graduate teaching assistantships/stipends amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFRESASS Graduate research assistantships/stipends amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the

amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFGRDASS Other graduate assistants, tutors amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAGRWAI Tuition waivers for graduate students amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFTUIWAI Graduate tuition waivers for faculty/staff, family See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADGRWS Graduate institutional work-study amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate



aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAGRLON Graduate institutional loan amount See CFAGRAID for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any graduate aid listed or the graduate aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFATDOTH Did the student receive any other aid, such as the programs listed below? Please enter the amounts of other aid received by this student within each program: Scholarships/grants from private organizations, foundations,

• unions • Employer paid tuition • Veteran benefits • ROTC and grants for Armed Forces

personnel • WIA(Workforce Investment Act), other

job training, • vocational rehabilitation • Bureau of Indian Affairs grants • Scholarships/grants from state agencies in

other states • Alternative loans (including Law, Medical,

TERI, • Nellie Mae) • District of Columbia Tuition Assistance

Grants (DCTAG or • DCCAP)

Note: This gate question and the nested other aid amounts were imputed to 0 (No to receiving other aid and 0 for the amounts) when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO). This gate question was also imputed for Datafile CADE uses

because our datafile layout did not contain the financial aid gate questions. If there was a positive amount in any nested aid program, this gate was set to 1 (Yes). If there were no positive amounts, this gate was set to 0 (No).

0 = Did not receive any other aid 1 = Received other aid


CFADPRIV Scholarships/grants from private organizations, foundations, unions See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADEMPL Employer paid tuition amount See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFATDVET Veteran benefits amount See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADROTC ROTC and grants for Armed Forces See CFATDOTH for description.



Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFADJTPA WIA, other job training, vocational rehabilitation See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFINDIAN Bureau of Indian affairs grants See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAOTHST Scholarships/grants from state agencies in other states See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFAPRLON Alternative loans (including Law, Medical, TERI, Nellie Mae) See CFATDOTH for description.

Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFDCGRNT DC tuition assistance grant amount See CFATDOTH for description. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid listed or the other aid gate question was left blank. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. If the amount was greater than 30,000 and greater than the total cost of attendance (CTOTLCOA), the amount was divided by 10 and the INSTEDIT flag was set. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA1NAME Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Other award 1 name Applies to: Students who had at least 1 custom aid program. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA1TYPE Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Type of other award 1

1 = Grant/scholarship, need-based 2 = Grant/scholarship, merit-based 3 = Grant/scholarship, both need and merit 4 = Tuition waiver 5 = Loan 6 = Work-study or assistantship 7 = Other

Applies to: Students who had at least 1 custom aid program. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA1SRC Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Source of other award 1

1 = Institution 2 = State 3 = Federal 4 = Other

Applies to: Students who had at least 1 custom aid program. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE



CFA1AMT Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Amount of other award 1 Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. Amounts greater than $60,000 were set to 60,000. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA2NAME Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Other award 2 name Applies to: Students who had at least 2 custom aid programs. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA2TYPE Type of other award 2


Applies to: Students who had at least 2 custom aid programs. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CFA2SRC Source of other award 2




CFA3NAME Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Other award 3 name


























CFA5AMT Entry of other financial aid awarded to this student Amount of other award 5

Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student had not received any other aid. Note: Amounts less than $100 were set to 0. Amounts greater than $60,000 were set to 60,000. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE





















1 = Grant/scholarship, need-based 2 = Grant/scholarship, merit-based 3 = Grant/scholarship, both need and merit 4 = Tuition waiver 5 = Loan

6 = Work-study or assistantship 7 = Other






CTOTAWD Total financial aid amount, before individual edits were applied. Derived in the raw data by adding up all of the individual aid amounts entered by the user. Note: This variable was imputed to 0 when the user said the student did not receive ANY aid during the NPSAS year (CFACVANS=NO). Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

CTOTAWD2 Total financial aid amount, after individual edits were applied. Derived in the edited data by adding up all of the individual aid amounts. This total is created after all edits to the individual amounts have taken place therefore it may differ from CTOTAWD. Applies to: All students. Sources: NPSAS:2008 Full-scale CADE

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report D-1

Appendix D NPSAS:08 Endorsements


Appendix D. NPSAS:08 Endorsements

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report D-3

NPSAS Endorsements The following professional associations have endorsed the research efforts of the

National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS).

American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report E-1

Appendix E Data Collection Materials

Institution ................................................................................................................................................ E-3 Chief Administrator Letter ................................................................................................................. E-5 Coordinator Letter .............................................................................................................................. E-7 Coordinator List Participation Letter .................................................................................................. E-9 WebCADE Letter ............................................................................................................................. E-11 DataCADE Letter ............................................................................................................................. E-13 FieldCADE Letter ............................................................................................................................ E-15 Institution Reimbursement Letter ..................................................................................................... E-17 Institution Brochure .......................................................................................................................... E-18

Student ................................................................................................................................................... E-27 Parent Letter ..................................................................................................................................... E-29 Student Lead Letter .......................................................................................................................... E-31 Thank You Reminder Postcard ........................................................................................................ E-33 CATI Requested Letter..................................................................................................................... E-34 Refusal/Hard-to-Reach Letter .......................................................................................................... E-35 Data Collection Prompt Letter.......................................................................................................... E-36 July Final Push Postcard ................................................................................................................... E-37 Final Letter ....................................................................................................................................... E-39 Abbreviated Interview Letter ........................................................................................................... E-40 Final Reminder Postcard .................................................................................................................. E-41 Flyer ................................................................................................................................................. E-43 Thank You Letter ............................................................................................................................. E-44 Student Brochure .............................................................................................................................. E-45

Appendix E. Data Collection Materials


Institution



Chief Administrator Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers

American Association of Community Colleges

American Association of State Colleges and Universities

American Council on Education

Association for Institutional Research

Association of American Colleges and Universities

Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions

Career College Association

The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching

The College Board

Council of Graduate Schools

The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact

National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences

National Association of College and University Business Officers

National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education

National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities

National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators

New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date «salutation» «fname» «lname», «title» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip» Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your PASSWORD: : «password» Dear «salutation» «lname»: «entity_name» has been selected to participate in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08). The Higher Education Act (Sec. 131 (d) as amended in 1998) mandates that the U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) periodically gather information from students and institutions on how students finance their education beyond high school. In response to the continuing need for these data, NPSAS collected information from students and institutions in 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2000, and 2004. NPSAS:08 is being conducted for NCES by RTI International, a not-for-profit research organization. Additional information about our plans for NPSAS:08 is provided in the enclosed NPSAS brochure. I am writing to request that you appoint a NPSAS coordinator, who will be asked to send a data file of the students enrolled at your institution. Once a small sample of students has been selected from your institution, the NPSAS coordinator will be asked to provide additional information on the enrollment status, the demographic characteristics, and the financial assistance provided for each sampled student. The sampled students will also be asked to complete a questionnaire on the Internet. All responses that relate to or describe identifiable characteristics of individuals may be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed, or used, in identifiable form for any other purpose, unless otherwise compelled by law. The enclosed brochure details our data collection procedures and provides a full description of the laws and procedures safeguarding the confidentiality of questionnaire responses, contact information, and other data collected. Additional information, including reports based on data from previous NPSAS studies, is available on the NPSAS website: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool. We are aware that you and the staff at your institution are confronted with many competing demands for your time. Therefore, we are providing you—and the coordinator you designate—with this advance notice of the study to allow you adequate time to plan for this data collection effort and, if needed, to contact us for more information prior to the start of student list collection in early 2008. Once designated, an RTI representative will contact your coordinator to discuss the study timeline and the information needed from your institution.

https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool�


E-6 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

If you have any questions about the study or procedures involved, please contact the RTI Project Coordinator, Brian Kuhr, at 1-888-NPSAS411 (1-888-677-2741) or via e-mail at [email protected]. You may also direct questions to NCES by contacting James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (or via e-mail at [email protected]). At your earliest convenience, please complete the NPSAS Designate a Coordinator form online at the NPSAS website, using the IPEDS UNITID and password printed on the first page of this letter. We look forward to your participation in this important study. Thank you for your cooperation and prompt completion of the NPSAS Designate a Coordinator form. Sincerely,

Mark Schneider Commissioner National Center for Education Statistics Enclosures

The NPSAS Designate a Coordinator form may be completed online at

https://surveys.nces.ed.gov//NPSASschool

To access the online form, enter the user name (which is your IPEDS

UNITID) and password printed on the first page of this letter.






Coordinator Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date

«salutation» «fname» «lname» «title» «entity_name» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip» Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your PASSWORD: «password»

Dear «salutation» «lname»:

«entity_name» has been selected to participate in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08). The Higher Education Act (Sec. 131 (d) as amended in 1998) mandates that the U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) periodically gather information from students and institutions on how students finance their education beyond high school.

In response to the continuing need for these data, NPSAS collected information from students and institutions in 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2000, and 2004.

Additional information about our plans for NPSAS:08 is provided in the enclosed brochure and project timeline.

The chief administrative officer of your institution has selected you as your institution’s coordinator for NPSAS:08. You will have three primary responsibilities for NPSAS:08:

• To complete the Institution Registration Page online at the NPSAS website, within the next few weeks, using the IPEDS UNITID and password printed at the top of this letter. We will schedule data collection for your institution based on the information you provide. (This can also be done by telephone, if you prefer.)

• To oversee the preparation of an enrollment list of students at your institution. These data files will be used to draw a small sample of students from your institution for participation in NPSAS:08. Sampled students will be asked to complete a questionnaire on the Internet.

• To complete a separate web-based program requiring institution record information on such things as enrollment status, demographic characteristics, and financial assistance provided for the sampled students.

Complete instructions for your institution’s participation will be sent directly to you in advance of your institution’s due date. This date is tailored to your institution’s term structure. (Your student enrollment list is due two weeks after the start of the last term at your institution that includes April 30, 2008.) In the meantime, please review the enclosed materials at your earliest convenience.



We are aware that you and other staff at your institution are confronted with many competing demands for your time. We hope that giving you this advance notice of the study will provide you with ample time to plan for your school’s participation in NPSAS:08. A project representative will call you in the next few days to ensure that you have received this notification and to answer any questions that you may have. You may also call the NPSAS Help Desk directly at 1-888-NPSAS411 (1-888-677-2741).

All responses that relate to or describe identifiable characteristics of individuals may be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed or used in identifiable form for any other purpose, unless otherwise compelled by law. The enclosed materials detail our data collection procedures and provide a detailed description of the laws and procedures safeguarding the confidentiality of questionnaire responses, contact information, and demographic data collected. Additional information, including reports based on data from previous NPSAS studies, is available on the NPSAS website: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool.

RTI International, the contractor for the study, is a not-for-profit research organization based in North Carolina. If you have questions about the study or procedures, please contact the RTI NPSAS Project Coordinator, Brian Kuhr, at 1-888-677-2741or via e-mail at [email protected]. You may also direct questions to NCES by contacting James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (or via e-mail at [email protected]).

At your earliest convenience, please complete the Institution Registration Page online at the NPSAS web site, using the IPEDS UNITID and password printed on the first page of this letter.

We look forward to your participation in this important study.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,


The NPSAS Institution Registration Page may be completed online at

https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool

To access the Institution Registration Page, enter the IPEDS UNITID and password printed on the first page of this letter.







Coordinator List Participation Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date

«salutation» «fname» «lname» «Title» «entity_name» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip» Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your password: «password»

Student Enrollment List Due: «list_expected_Date_curr»

Dear «salutation» «lname»,

We are pleased that «entity_name» has agreed to participate in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08), sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), U.S. Department of Education. As described in our earlier letter to you, NCES is mandated by Congress to conduct this important study on how students and their families finance education after high school. This study is being conducted for NCES by RTI International.

As you know, you have been designated as your institution’s coordinator for NPSAS:08. We look forward to working with you on this important research effort, and are available to answer any questions you may have.

As the Institution Coordinator, you are asked to oversee completion of the following tasks:

• Complete the Institution Registration Page online at https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool, using the IPEDS UNITID and password printed at the top of this letter. If you have not completed the Institution Registration Page, please do so as soon as possible. Where possible, term information and grant/scholarship information entered previously for the 2003/2004 cycle of the study has been preloaded for your convenience. This information simply needs to be updated, amended, or corrected to reflect the current 2007/2008 academic year.

• Oversee the preparation of an enrollment list of students at your institution. This data file will be used to draw a small sample of students from your institution for participation in NPSAS:08. Beginning in the spring of 2008, sampled students will be asked to complete a questionnaire via the Internet.

• Complete a separate web-based program requiring institution record information on such things as enrollment status, demographic characteristics, and financial assistance provided for the sampled students.

The initial due date for providing your student enrollment list is «list_expected_Date_curr». Complete specifications for compiling this list and uploading it to the secure website are provided online. Your deadline date is tailored to your institution’s term structure.




If you are unable to meet this schedule, or if you have any questions about the information requested for the student list, please contact the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-888-677-2741. All responses that relate to or describe identifiable characteristics of individuals may be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed, or used, in identifiable form for any other purpose, unless otherwise compelled by law. The NPSAS website at https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool provides complete instructions for participation, including a detailed description of the laws and procedures safeguarding the confidentiality of questionnaire responses, contact information, and demographic data collected. Additional information, including reports based on data from previous NPSAS studies, is also available on the NPSAS website.

If you have questions about the study or procedures, please contact the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-888-677-2741 or via e-mail at [email protected]. You may also direct questions to NCES by contacting James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (e-mail address: [email protected]).

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,

John Riccobono Project Director, NPSAS RTI International

Your institution’s response to the National Postsecondary Student Aid

Study may be completed online at:


To upload lists or other data collection forms, go to the home/login page. You will be prompted to enter the IPEDS UNITID and password printed

on the first page of this letter.




WebCADE Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date «salutation» «fname» «lname» «Title» «entity_name» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip» Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your password: «password»

webCADE Due: «curr_cade_complete_date_print» Dear «salutation» «lname»,

Thank you for your cooperation and participation in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08). I am writing to let you know that we have finished processing the student enrollment file you sent and have selected a random sample of «tot_cnt» students from your institution for participation in the study. We will send separate correspondence to these students asking that they complete a questionnaire either over the Internet or by telephone interview. At the same time, we are asking that you begin entering student record data for these students using the webCADE software developed for NPSAS:08. Please complete the record abstraction and data entry for these students on or before «curr_cade_complete_date_print».

In previous materials, we described to you the Internet-based system through which you (or someone on your staff) will be able to enter data for these students. This online system is known as “webCADE” – web-enabled computer-assisted data entry. We believe you will find the NPSAS webCADE system easy to use. The secure website that you will access is the same one that you have used for prior elements of the study: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool.

To assist you with the webCADE process, we have enclosed a webCADE User’s Guide that describes how to access and use the NPSAS webCADE software. Appendix B of the guide contains a list of data elements we would like to obtain for each sampled student. The list of sampled students can be found on the website listed above and you can easily print a hardcopy if you would like one.

«morethan150stufill»

Please be assured that we consider the security of the data and confidentiality of our study participants to be of the utmost importance, and the webCADE software has been developed with this in mind. The application encrypts all data, with the latest technologies, before transmitting them over the Internet to NCES. Moreover, access to the list of students (and the forms in which users enter the data) will require your authentication using your IPEDS UNITID and unique password. They are printed near the top of this letter for your convenience. Please ensure that access is given only to those at your institution who will complete webCADE.



Soon, we will call you to confirm receipt of this material and to confirm the completion date for entering student data in the webCADE software. Help Desk staff will be available from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. ET, Monday through Friday, to answer any questions that you may have about the study or about entering student data in the webCADE software. You may contact the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-888-677-2741, toll-free, or via e-mail at [email protected]. You may also direct questions about the study to NCES by contacting James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (e-mail address: [email protected]).

Again, thank you for your continued participation in this important study. We look forward to receiving your data.

Sincerely,





To access webCADE, go to the Log in link on the Home page. Then enter the IPEDS UNITID below as your Username and enter the

password below.

Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your password: «password»



DataCADE Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date

«salutation» «fname» «lname» «Title» «entity_name» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip»


Due Date: «curr_cade_complete_date_print»


Thank you for your cooperation and participation in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08). We have processed the student enrollment file that you provided and have selected a random sample of «tot_cnt» students from your institution for participation in the study. Our records show that your institution has opted to provide the NPSAS record abstraction information for these students via data files that will be uploaded to the NPSAS website. We are asking you to create the data files and upload the requested information for all sampled students to the NPSAS website on or before «curr_cade_complete_date_print». The secure website that you will access to upload the files is the same site that you have used for prior elements of the study: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool.

To assist you with this request, we have enclosed specifications for the data files and instructions for preparing and uploading them. These documents and a list of sampled students can also be found on the website listed above. Please note that a secure web-based data entry tool (webCADE) is also available if you decide that you would prefer to key the data for each individual student instead of creating/uploading combined data files.

Please be assured that we consider the security of the data and confidentiality of our study participants to be of the utmost importance, and the NPSAS website has been developed with these concerns in mind. Using the latest technologies, the application encrypts all data before transmitting them over the Internet to NCES. Moreover, access to the list of students (and the forms in which users enter data) will require your authentication using your IPEDS UNITID and unique password. They are printed near the top of this page for your convenience. Please ensure that access is given only to those at your institution who will complete the requested student record abstraction.

We will call you soon to confirm receipt of this material and to confirm the due date for uploading your completed data files to the NPSAS website. If you choose to switch to the webCADE option, please let us know by contacting the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-888-677-2741, toll-free, or via e-mail at [email protected], or you may simply tell the NPSAS project member when this person calls you. Help Desk staff will be available from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. ET, Monday through Friday, to answer any questions that you may have about the study. You may also direct questions about the study to NCES by contacting James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (e-mail address: [email protected]).




Again, thank you for your continued participation in this important study. We look forward to receiving your data.

Sincerely,





To access the site, go to the Log in link on the Home page. Then enter the IPEDS UNITID below as your Username and enter the password

below.




FieldCADE Letter NPSAS Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date «salutation» «fname» «lname» «title» «entity_name» «phys_addr1» «phys_addr2» «phys_city», «phys_state» «phys_zip» Your IPEDS UNITID: «entity_id» Your password: «password»


Thank you for your participation in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08). We have finished processing the student enrollment file you provided and have selected a random sample of «tot_cnt» students from your institution for participation in the study. We will send separate correspondence to these students asking that they complete a questionnaire either over the Internet or by telephone interview. At the same time, we need to collect institutional record data for these students. Our records show that your institution has requested assistance in performing the NPSAS record abstractions for these students by opting for RTI to send a trained field data collector to your institution to enter these data into a secure password-protected laptop computer.

Our field data collector will be calling you soon to establish or confirm your data collection appointment. To help you prepare for this visit and better understand the data requested, we have enclosed a list of the data elements we would like to obtain for each sampled student. The list of sampled students can be found on the secure study website where you can easily print a hardcopy if you would like one: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool. The website is the same one that you have used for prior elements of the study.

Please be assured that we consider the security of the data and confidentiality of our study participants to be of the utmost importance, and our study procedures and applications have been developed with this in mind. The data entry application encrypts all data, with the latest technologies, before they are transmitted to RTI. Moreover, access to the list of students and the forms in which the field data collector will enter the data on the laptop computer require authentication using a username and password. Similarly, access to the list of sampled students on the study website requires user authentication, using your IPEDS UNITID and unique password (listed above for your convenience). Please ensure that access to the list of sampled students is given only to those at your institution who will provide the data requested.

The field data collector will serve as your point of contact for this activity. If you are ever unable to reach him/her, you may contact the NPSAS fieldCADE manager, Linda Bailey-Stone, at 1-800-334-8571 ext. 26853, toll-free, or via e-mail at [email protected]. You may also direct questions about the study to NCES by contacting Dr. James Griffith at 1-202-502-7387 (e-mail address: [email protected]).





Again, thank you for your continued participation in this important study. We look forward to receiving your study data.

Sincerely,

John A. Riccobono, Ph.D Project Director, NPSAS RTI International

To access the list of sampled students: 1. Go to: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/NPSASschool 2. Click Log in on the Home page. 3. Enter your IPEDS UNITID as your username and your unique password (listed below) and click Login. 4. From the Data Entry Tasks menu, click fieldCADE to view (or print) the list of sampled students.





Institution Reimbursement Letter Date «ContactName» «InstituteName» «ContactAddress» «ContactCity», «ContactState» «ContactZip» Dear «ContactName», Enclosed you will find a reimbursement check for work performed in support of the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics. This payment reflects our previously discussed and agreed-upon level of reimbursement. Thank you again for your contribution to the NPSAS:08 study. Your assistance and the participation of «InstituteName» are essential to the success of this important study. Look for final reports a year from now on the NCES web site at: http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/npsas Cordially,

John Riccobono, Ph.D. NPSAS Project Director Enclosure cc: project file (IPEDS #)

http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/npsas�



Institution Brochure

















Student



Parent Letter Date Parent or Guardian of «fname» «lname» «addr1» «addr2» «city», «state» «zip»

Dear Parent or Guardian,

We are pleased to inform you that your child, «fname» «lname», has been selected to participate in an education study sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), U. S. Department of Education. The purpose of the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08) is to provide Congress, researchers and policymakers with information about financial aid in postsecondary education. However, because «fname» is less than 18 years old, we need your permission for «fname» to participate.

Approximately 139,076 students from approximately 1906 schools across the nation have been selected to participate in NPSAS:08 during the 2007-2008 academic year. Students are being asked to complete a 25 minute questionnaire about their enrollment during the 2007-08 academic year, including questions about degree, field of study, financial aid, employment while enrolled, educational experiences, and background characteristics.

NCES is authorized by federal law (Public Law 107-279) to conduct NPSAS:08. RTI International (RTI) is a non-profit research organization in North Carolina that has been contracted by NCES to collect all data for NPSAS:08. All information collected will be kept confidential and will be protected to the fullest extent allowable under law. By law, researchers may use the data for statistical purposes only. Data will be combined to produce statistical reports for Congress and others. No individual data (e.g., names or addresses) will be reported.

Participation is voluntary. «fname» may withdraw from the study at any point. There is no penalty if «fname» decides not to participate. However, we do need your help. «fname» was selected to represent many others. «fname»’s responses are necessary to make the results of this important study accurate and timely. «fname» may refuse to answer any question that makes «fname» feel uncomfortable. While there are neither significant risks nor direct benefits to «fname» for participating, the survey may benefit all of the nation’s students by providing timely data relevant to educational policy making.

If for any reason you object to «fname»’s participation, you may simply deny permission. Please fill out the enclosed form and return it as soon as possible in the postage paid envelope provided.

The enclosed brochure gives more information about the study. If you have any questions about NPSAS:08 or «fname»’s participation in the survey, please call the NPSAS Helpdesk toll-free at 1-877-677-2766. If you have questions about the rights of study participants, you may call RTI’s Office for Research Protection toll-free at 1-866-214-2043.

We thank you in advance for your cooperation in this important research. Sincerely,

Commissioner National Center for Education Statistics



Estimado Padre de familia o tutor legal:

Es un placer para nosotros informarle que su hijo(a), «fname» «lname», ha sido seleccionado(a) para participar en un estudio de educación patrocinado por el Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de Educación (NCES, por sus siglas en inglés), del Departamento de Educación de los Estados Unidos. El propósito del Estudio Nacional de Ayuda a Estudiantes de Postsecundaria 2008 (NPSAS:08, por siglas en inglés), es dar información al Congreso sobre ayuda financiera durante los estudios postsecundarios y también informar sobre esto a los encargados de realizar estudios sobre la educación así como a los responsables de elaborar las políticas educacionales. Sin embargo, como «fname» es menor de 18 años, necesitamos su permiso para que <él / ella> participe.

Alrededor de 139,076 estudiantes provenientes de casi 1906 escuelas en todo el país han sido seleccionados para participar en este estudio durante el año académico 2007-2008. A los estudiantes se les pedirá completar un cuestionario de 25 minutos sobre su inscripción durante el año académico 2007-2008, incluyendo preguntas sobre su título universitario, área de estudio, ayuda financiera, situación laboral mientras estuvo inscrito(a), experiencias educacionales y otros antecedentes generales.

El Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de Educación está autorizado por ley federal (Ley Pública 107-279) para realizar el estudio. RTI International (RTI) es una organización sin fines de lucro en Carolina del Norte, que realiza estudios y que ha sido contratada por el Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de Educación para recopilar datos para el Estudio Nacional de Ayuda a Estudiantes de Postsecundaria 2008. Toda la información que obtengamos se mantendrá en forma confidencial y será protegida hasta donde lo permita la ley. Por ley, las personas encargadas del estudio pueden usar los datos sólo para propósitos estadísticos. La información será combinada para producir reportes estadísticos para el Congreso y otras instituciones. No se reportará ningún tipo de información individual (por ejemplo, nombres o direcciones).

La participación es voluntaria. Su hijo(a) puede retirarse del estudio en cualquier momento. No habrá ninguna consecuencia si su hijo(a) decide no participar. Sin embargo, nosotros necesitamos su ayuda. Su hijo(a) fue seleccionado(a) para representar a muchas otras personas. Sus respuestas son necesarias para hacer que los resultados de este importante estudio sean precisos y actuales. Su hijo(a) se puede rehusar a contestar cualquier pregunta que pueda hacerle sentir incómodo(a). A pesar de que no existen mayores riesgos o beneficios directos para su hijo(a) por participar, esta encuesta puede beneficiar a todos los estudiantes de la nación al proporcionar información precisa y significativa para la creación de políticas educacionales.

Si por alguna razón usted se opone a la participación de su hijo(a), simplemente puede negar su permiso. Por favor, complete el formulario adjunto y devuélvalo a la mayor brevedad posible en el sobre con franqueo pagado que adjuntamos a la presente.

El folleto que adjuntamos le da más información sobre el estudio. Si usted tiene alguna pregunta sobre el Estudio Nacional de Ayuda a Estudiantes de Postsecundaria 2008 o sobre la participación de su hijo(a) en la encuesta, por favor llame al número gratuito de ayuda del estudio al 1-877-677-2766. Si usted tiene alguna pregunta sobre los derechos de los participantes en estudios, puede llamar a la Oficina de RTI para la Protección de Participantes en Estudios, al teléfono gratuito 1-866-214-2043.

Le agradecemos de antemano por su cooperación en este importante estudio. Atentamente,

Comisionado Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de Educación



Student Lead Letter NPSAS:08 Endorsed by American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Date

«fname» «mname» «lname» «suffix» «addr1» «addr2» «city», «state» «zip»

Dear «fname» «lname»: I am writing to ask you to participate in an important study that will help determine how students and their families meet the cost of education beyond high school. For your participation, I would like for you to complete a questionnaire over the Internet. On average, the questionnaire takes about 25 minutes to complete.

When you access the questionnaire on the Internet, you will be asked questions about how you paid for your school expenses during the 2007–2008 school year, including whether you received financial aid. If you received financial aid, you will be asked whether the amount of aid was enough to meet your educational expenses. If you did not receive financial aid, you will be asked about how you met your school expenses.

Students from all types of institutions and all financial situations have been randomly selected to participate in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. Your responses along with those of other selected students will represent responses of all students enrolled in postsecondary education. Therefore, your participation in this study is critical.

To complete the questionnaire over the Internet, go to: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ Type the study ID and password (provided below) on the Home/Login page, and Press “Enter” or click “Login” to begin the questionnaire.

RTI International (RTI) of North Carolina is conducting the study for the U.S. Department of Education. To express our appreciation, a $30 check will be mailed to you, if you complete the questionnaire by «EarlyIncDate». If you are unable to complete the survey by that date, an RTI interviewer will call you to complete the questionnaire by telephone.

Participation in this study is voluntary and will not affect any aid or any benefits you receive. The enclosed pamphlet answers many common questions about the study and contains additional information on laws and procedures that protect the confidentiality of your responses.

If you have questions about the study, you can visit our website at https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ you can call us toll-free at 1-877-NPSAS-NOW (1-877-677-2766), or you can e-mail us at [email protected].

We sincerely appreciate your participation and thank you in advance for helping us conduct this very important study.

Sincerely,


Go to: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ Your study ID: «caseid» Your password: «password»m Please enter upper/lower case letters as they appear. If you are using a pop-up blocker you will need to temporarily disable it to access the questionnaire before logging in.

Study ID: «caseid» «panelinfo»

https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas�



https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/



NPSAS:08 Patrocinado por: American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers American Association of Community Colleges American Association of State Colleges and Universities American Council on Education Association for Institutional Research Association of American Colleges and Universities Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities Association of Schools of Allied Health Professions Career College Association The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching The College Board Council of Graduate Schools The Council of Independent Colleges Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities Midwestern Higher Education Compact National Accrediting Commission of Cosmetology Arts and Sciences National Association of College and University Business Officers National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators New England Board of Higher Education Southern Regional Education Board State Higher Education Executive Officers The United Negro College Fund Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education

Estimado(a) «fname» «lname»: Le estoy escribiendo para pedirle que participe en un importante estudio que ayudará a determinar cómo los estudiantes y sus familias costean los gastos de educación después de la secundaria o "high school". Para que participe, me gustaría que completara un cuestionario en la red o Internet. En promedio, el cuestionario toma alrededor de 25 minutos en completarse.

Cuando tenga acceso al cuestionario en Internet, le harán preguntas sobre la forma como pagó por los gastos de sus estudios durante el año académico 2007-2008, incluyendo si recibió ayuda financiera. Si recibió ayuda financiera, le harán preguntas para saber si la cantidad de ayuda que recibió fue suficiente para pagar los gastos educacionales. Si no recibió ayuda financiera, le preguntarán sobre la forma como pagó los gastos escolares.

Estudiantes provenientes de todo tipo de instituciones y de diferentes situaciones financieras han sido seleccionados al azar para participar en el Estudio Nacional de Ayuda a Estudiantes de Postsecundaria 2008. Sus respuestas, así como las de otros estudiantes seleccionados, representarán las respuestas de todos los estudiantes matriculados en educación postsecundaria. Por lo tanto, su participación en este estudio es muy importante.

Para completar el cuestionario en Internet:

Vaya a: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/(disponible en inglés solamente) En la página principal (Home/Login), ponga el número de identificación del estudio y la contraseña que se encuentran al final de esta carta. Luego presione “Enter” o haga un clic en “Login” para comenzar el cuestionario.

RTI International (RTI) de Carolina del Norte está llevando a cabo el estudio para el Departamento de Educación de los Estados Unidos. Para expresar nuestro agradecimiento, se le enviará por correo un cheque por $30 dólares si completa el cuestionario a más tardar el «EarlyIncDate». Si no puede completar el cuestionario para esa fecha, un(a) entrevistador(a) de RTI le llamará para completar el cuestionario por teléfono.

La participación en este estudio es voluntaria y no afectará cualquier ayuda o beneficios que usted recibe. El folleto que adjuntamos a la presente contesta las preguntas más comunes sobre el estudio y contiene información adicional sobre las leyes y procedimientos que protegen la confidencialidad de sus respuestas.

Si tiene preguntas sobre el estudio, puede visitar el sitio de Internet (disponible en inglés solamente) https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ , o nos puede llamar al número de teléfono gratuito 1-877-677- 2766 (1-877-NPSAS-NOW), o nos puede enviar un correo electrónico a [email protected]. Apreciamos sinceramente su participación y le agradecemos de antemano por ayudarnos a realizar este importante estudio.

Atentamente,

Mark Schneider Comisionado Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de Educación Anexos

Vaya a: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ No. de identificación del estudio: «caseid» Su contraseña: «password»m Por favor, registre las letras ya sea en minúsculas o en mayúsculas como se muestran. Si está usando un bloqueador de ventanas emergentes (pop-up blocker), tendrá que desactivarlo temporalmente antes de entrar al sistema para así poder tener acceso al cuestionario.


https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/�


https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/



Thank You Reminder Postcard

2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study

PO Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194 RTI Project #0209777.100.236

ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED «fname» «mname» «lname»

«Addr1» «Addr2» «City», «state» «zip»


Recently, we sent you information on how to complete the interview for the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. RTI is conducting this study for the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics. If you have already completed the interview, we would like to thank you. Your assistance is very much appreciated. If you have not yet completed your interview, we would like to remind you that if you complete the interview by «IncentiveDt», you will receive «incentive» as a token of our appreciation. To complete a web interview over our secure website, log on to https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/. If you have any questions or problems completing your web interview, or would like to complete the interview over the telephone with a professionally trained interviewer, please contact the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-877-677-2766.

Thank you.




CATI Requested Letter Date

«name» Study ID: «caseid» «address» «panelinfo» «address2» «city_state», «zip» Dear «name»: Per your request, we are providing you with more information on the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08) that is now being conducted. Enclosed you will find a pamphlet with a brief description of NPSAS:08, findings from prior NPSAS studies, and confidentiality procedures. Please note that once you complete the questionnaire, we will mail you a check for $30. To make the interview process as easy as possible for you, you may either complete the interview yourself on the web or over the telephone with one of our professionally-trained interviewers.

Please call us at 1-877-677-2766 to complete a telephone interview or, if you wish to complete the interview yourself on our secure website, log on to https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/. You will need the Study ID and password provided below to access the web interview.

Study ID = «caseid» Password = «password»p

Please enter upper/lower case letters as they appear. If you are using a pop-up blocker you will need to temporarily disable it to access the questionnaire before logging in.

Please be assured that your answers will be kept confidential and protected to the fullest extent allowable under law. Please do not hesitate to contact me directly at 1-877-677-2766 (toll-free) or by e-mail at [email protected] if I can provide any additional information about the study or your interview.

Thank you in advance for your participation in this important study. Your cooperation is greatly appreciated.

Sincerely,

John Riccobono, Ph.D. Project Director, NPSAS RTI International





Refusal/Hard-to-Reach Letter Date «fname» «mname» «lname» «suffix» Study ID: «caseid» «addr1» «panelinfo» «addr2» «city», «state» «zip»

Dear «fname», On behalf of the U.S. Department of Education, I am writing to ask for your participation in the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08), conducted by RTI International. By completing the questionnaire, you will make an important contribution to research that will help determine how students and their families meet the cost of education beyond high school. Please note that once you complete the questionnaire, will mail you a check for $30.

To complete the questionnaire, you can reach a telephone interviewer at RTI International by calling our help desk toll-free 1-877-677-2766. Interviewers are available Monday through Thursday from 9:00 am to 11:00 pm Eastern time, Friday from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm Eastern time, Saturday from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm Eastern time, and Sunday from 1:30 pm to 9:30 pm Eastern time. You can also complete the questionnaire at any time via the NPSAS:08 Website:

1. Go to https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas 2. Enter your study ID: «caseid» 3. Enter your password: «password»o 4. Click “Login” to begin the interview


The questionnaire only takes about «length» minutes, on average. Participation in this study is voluntary and will not affect any aid or any benefits you receive. The enclosed pamphlet answers many common questions about the study and contains additional information on laws and procedures that protect the confidentiality of your responses. If you have any questions about the study, you can visit the NPSAS:08 website, or you can e-mail us at [email protected]. If you have any questions about your rights as a study participant, you can call RTI's Office of Research Protection toll-free at 1-866-214-2043. We greatly appreciate your participation in this important research! Sincerely,






Data Collection Prompt Letter Date

«stu_name» Study ID: «caseid» «stu_addr1» «panelinfo» «stu_addr2» «stu_city», «stu_state» «stu_zip» Dear «stu_name»: We are writing to ask that you take a few moments to complete your interview for the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08), conducted by RTI International. By completing the questionnaire, you will make an important contribution to research that will help determine how students and their families meet the cost of education beyond high school. «fill1» You may call us toll-free at 1-877-677-2766 to complete the interview with one of our professional telephone interviewers. Interviewers are available Monday through Thursday from 9:00 am to 11 pm Eastern time, Friday from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm Eastern time, Saturday from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm Eastern time, and Sunday from 1:30 pm to 9:30 pm Eastern time. You can also complete the questionnaire at any time via the NPSAS:08 Website:

1. Go to https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ 2. Enter your study ID: «caseid» 3. Enter your password: «password»q 4. Click “Login” to begin the interview

Please enter upper/lower case letters as they appear. If you are using a pop-up blocker you will need to temporarily disable it to access the questionnaire before logging in. The questionnaire only takes about «length» minutes, on average. Participation in this study is voluntary and will not affect any aid or any benefits you receive. If you have any questions about the study, you can visit the NPSAS:08 website, or you can e-mail us at [email protected]. If you have any questions about your rights as a study participant, you can call RTI's Office of Research Protection toll-free at 1-866-214-2043. Thank you in advance for making NPSAS:08 a success.

Sincerely,

John Riccobono, Ph.D. James Griffith, Ph.D. Project Director, NPSAS Project Officer, NCES RTI International U.S. Department of Education





July Final Push Postcard

NPSAS «panelinfo» Study ID «caseid»


«fname», complete a 25 minute questionnaire and get $30 for your time.

To complete the WEB QUESTIONNAIRE over our secure website, log on to

https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ Your Study ID is: «caseid»

Your Password is: «password»t

To complete the TELEPHONE QUESTIONNAIRE with a professional interviewer, or for help completing the web questionnaire please call 1-877-677-2766.

Dear «fname» «lname»:

Data collection for the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study is coming to a close. By completing the questionnaire, you will make an important contribution to research that will help determine how students and their families meet the cost of education beyond high school. If you complete your NPSAS questionnaire soon, you will receive a $30 check as a token of our appreciation.

You may access the questionnaire online by logging on to our secure website at https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ using the Study ID and password provided below.

Study ID = «caseid» Password = «password»t


On average the questionnaire takes about 25 minutes to complete, and your responses may be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed, or used, in identifiable form for any other purpose, except as required by law. Participation in this study is voluntary and will not affect any aid or any benefits you receive. If you have questions or problems completing the questionnaire online, or would like to complete it over the telephone with a professional interviewer, simply call the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-877-677-2766, or you can e-mail us at [email protected].

Thank you in advance for making NPSAS a success.







PO Box 12194 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194 RTI Project #0209777.100.336 ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

«Pretty_name» «Addr1» «Addr2» «City», «state» «zip»

StudyID: «caseid» NPSAS «panelinfo»



Final Letter Date «stu_name»: Study ID: «caseid» «stu_addr1» «panelinfo» «stu_addr2» «stu_city», «stu_state» «stu_zip» Dear «stu_name»: We have been trying to contact you in recent weeks to ask you to complete a questionnaire for the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08), conducted by RTI International on behalf of the National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education. NPSAS collects information on how students and their families pay for their education beyond high school. Data collection is winding down. If you complete your NPSAS questionnaire soon, you will receive a $30 check as a token of our appreciation. The questionnaire takes about «length» minutes to complete on average. You may call us toll-free at 1-877-677-2766 to complete the questionnaire with one of our telephone interviewers. Or, you can complete the questionnaire at any time via the NPSAS:08 website: https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/.

Enter your study ID: «caseid» Enter your password: «password»r

Please enter upper/lower case letters as they appear. If you are using a pop-up blocker you will need to temporarily disable it to access the questionnaire before logging in. Your responses will be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed, or used, in identifiable form for any other purpose, except as required by law. If you have questions about the study, you can visit the NPSAS:08 web site, or you can e-mail us at [email protected]. If you have questions about your rights as a study participant, you can call RTI's Office of Research Protection toll-free at 1-866-214-2043. Thank you in advance for your participation in this important study. With input from individuals like you we can improve our ability to help others receive an education beyond high school. Sincerely,






Abbreviated Interview Letter Date «fname» «mname» «lname» «suffix» Study ID: «caseid» «stu_addr1» «panelinfo» «stu_addr2» «stu_city», «stu_state» «stu_zip» Dear «fname», As we approach the end of data collection for the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08), the U.S. Department of Education wants to ensure that all selected students from the 2007-08 school year are well represented in the study. In order to accomplish this goal, we have created an abbreviated version of the questionnaire, requesting the absolute minimum amount of information needed. The current questionnaire takes about 10-15 minutes to complete. Data collection for NPSAS will end in the next few weeks. If you complete the new, abbreviated NPSAS questionnaire before that time, you will receive a $30 check as a token of our appreciation. We hope that this brief questionnaire will allow those of you with more demanding schedules to participate in this important study and represent others with similar time constraints. To complete the abbreviated interview yourself on the web, simply log on to our secure website at https://surveys.nces.ed.gov/npsas/ using the Study ID and password provided below. To complete this interview by telephone with a professional interviewer, simply call the NPSAS Help Desk at 1-877-677-2766. Study ID = «caseid»

Password = «password»s Please enter upper/lower case letters as they appear. If you are using a pop-up blocker you will need to temporarily disable it to access the questionnaire before logging in. Participation in this study is voluntary and will not affect any aid or any benefits you receive. Your responses will be used only for statistical purposes and may not be disclosed, or used, in identifiable form for any other purpose, except as required by law. If you have any questions about the study, you can visit the NPSAS:08 website, or you can e-mail us at [email protected]. If you have any questions about your rights as a study participant, you can call RTI's Office of Research Protection toll-free at 1-866-214-2043. Thank you in advance for making NPSAS:08 a success.

Sincerely,

John Riccobono, Ph.D. James Griffith, Ph.D. Project Director, NPSAS Project Officer, NCES RTI International U.S. Department of Education





Final Reminder Postcard





Flyer



Thank You Letter Date «name» Study ID: «CaseID» «address» NP08 «panelinfo» «address2» «city_state» «zip» Dear «name»: On behalf of the U.S. Department of Education and the staff of the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, I would like to thank you for completing your NPSAS interview. Your participation in this study is very important to ensuring its success. Enclosed you will find a check for $«amount» to reimburse you for your time completing the interview. Please do not hesitate to contact me directly at 1-866-667-2704 if I can provide any additional information or assistance. Again, thank you for your time and willingness to participate. Sincerely,


Appendix E. D

ata Collection M

aterials

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

E-45

Student Brochure

Appendix E. D

ata Collection M

aterials

E-46

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report F-1

Appendix F DataCADE Specifications


Appendix F. DataCADE Specifications


General.txt

Consists of general student characteristics type data such as name, birthday, race and gender for the students in the sample. I = Integer, A = Alpha. This file should be made up of one row per student.

Seq. Length Start pos Type Field description Valid values

1 8 1 I NPSAS identifier 8 digit study ID, provided by RTI in the student sample file. 2 9 9 A Social security number 9 digit social security number of the student. No hyphens. 3 20 18 A Student's first name First name of the student 4 2 38 A Student's middle initial Middle initial of the student 5 20 40 A Student's last name Last name of the student 6 3 60 A Student's name suffix Jr., III, etc…. 7 2 63 I Birth month 2 digit number for the month of birth

8 4 65 I Birth year YYYY (years MUST be represented in 4 digit format). The allowable range is 1917 – 1996.

9 2 69 I Gender 1 = Male; 2 = Female; -1 = Don't know

10 2 71 I Marital status 1 = Not married (single, widowed, divorced); 2 = Married; 3 = Separated -1 = Don't know

11 20 73 A Maiden last name Answer only if the student is female AND either married or separated

12 20 93 A Spouse's first name Answer only if the student is married 13 2 113 A Spouse's middle initial Answer only if the student is married 14 20 115 A Spouse's last name Answer only if the student is married 15 20 135 A Driver's license number Student's drivers license number 16 2 155 A Driver's license state 2 Letter postal code for the issuing state

17 2 157 I High school degree

1 = High school diploma 2=GED or other equivalency 3 = Certificate of high school completion; 4 = Foreign high school; 5 = No high school degree or certificate -1 = Don't know

18 4 159 I Year of high school degree Years MUST be represented in 4 digit format. The allowable range is 1937 - the current year.

19 2 163 I Hispanic status/ethnicity 1 = Hispanic or Latino; 2 = Not Hispanic or Latino -1 = Don't know

20 1 165 I Race: White 1 = Yes; 0 = No 21 1 166 I Race: Black or African American 1 = Yes; 0 = No

22 1 167 I Race: American Indian/Alaska Native 1 = Yes; 0 = No

23 1 168 I Race: Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 1 = Yes; 0 = No o

24 1 169 I Race: Asian 1 = Yes; 0 = No 25 1 170 I Veteran status 1 = Veteran; 0 = Not a veteran

26 2 171 I Visa status

1 = U.S. citizen or U.S. national 2=Resident alien 3 = Foreign/international student or non-resident alien 4 = Don't know

27 50 173 A Country of Origin Answer only if the value in field 26 is 3 (the student is a foreign/international student or non-resident alien)

28 20 223 A ISIR last name Last name as it appears on the Institutional Student Information Record (ISIR) form (if available)

29 9 243 A ISIR social security number SSN as it appears on the ISIR form. No hyphens.

30 2 252 I Is the student a permanent resident of the institution state? 1 = Yes; 0 = No

31 4 254 A High school GPA (unweighted if you have more than one value) 1.00 to 5.00

32 2 258 I Eligible for Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) 1 = Yes; 0 = No; -1 = Don’t know

33 2 260 I Student age range

0 = Under 24; 1 = 24 or over; -1 = Don’t know. Enter information in this field only if Field 8 (Birth year) is not provided.


F-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

If your institution provided dataCADE files in the 2004 NPSAS round, you may want to view the changes between the 2004 file specifications and the current ones. The changes are listed below.

'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field description Difference

8 n/a Birthday Removed field 20 n/a State where the high school is located Removed field 29 n/a ISIR available Removed field 4 4 Student's middle initial Changed field length from 1 to 2 10 9 Gender Changed field length from 1 to 2 10 9 Gender Added valid value "-1 = Don't know" 11 10 Marital status Changed field length from 1 to 2 11 10 Marital status Added valid value "-1 = Don't know" 13 12 Spouse's first name Removed "or separated" from description of valid values 14 13 Spouse's middle initial Removed "or separated" from description of valid values 15 14 Spouse's last name Removed "or separated" from description of valid values 18 17 High school degree Changed field length from 1 to 2 18 17 High school degree Added valid value "-1 = Don't know" 21 19 Hispanic status/ethnicity Changed field length from 1 to 2 21 19 Hispanic status/ethnicity Added valid value "-1 = Don't know" 27 25 Veteran Status Changed valid value for “Not a veteran” from 2 to 0 28 26 Visa status Changed field length from 1 to 2 28 26 Visa status Added valid value “4 = Don’t know” n/a 27 Country of origin Added field

32 30 Is the student a permanent resident of Institute state? Removed valid value “-1 = Don’t know”

n/a 31 High School GPA Added field

n/a 32 Eligible for Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) Added field

n/a 33 Student age range Added field



Locating.txt

Consists of names and addresses of any contacts you might have for the students including the students themselves. I = Integer, A = Alpha. This file should contain up to four rows per student, one for each address type (student local, student permanent, primary parent, other parent/guardian).

Seq. Length Start Pos Type Field description Valid values

1 8 1 I NPSAS identifier 8 digit study ID, provided by RTI in the student sample file.

2 3 9 I

Relationship code of contact to the student. Enter permanent and local information for student as well as contact persons. Student relationship code = 56. See next page for a list of relationship codes.

3 50 12 A Relationship description Contact's relationship to the student if relationship code specified is 'other(55)'

4 25 62 A Phone number Contact's phone number (no parentheses, dashes or spaces)

5 1 87 I Is the phone number specified an international phone number?

1 = Yes if the specified phone number is an international phone number, else 0 = No

6 25 88 A Cell phone Contact's cell phone number (no parentheses, dashes or spaces)

7 25 113 A First name Contact's first name

8 2 138 A Middle initial Contact's middle initial

9 25 140 A Last name Contact's last name

10 10 165 A Suffix Contact's suffix (e.g., Jr., III)

11 40 175 A Address line 1 Contact's address field 1

12 40 215 A Address line 2 Contact's address field 2

13 40 255 A City Contact's city of residence

14 2 295 A State Contact's 2 letter postal code

15 5 297 A Zip Contact's 5 digit zip code

16 4 302 A 4 digit zip code extension Contact's 4 digit zip code

17 50 306 A Country Contact's country of residence

18 1 356 I Address type

Enter values 1 and 2 only if Relationship Code (Field 2)=56. 1 = Student Permanent; 2 = Student Local; 3 = Primary parent; 4 = Other parent/guardian

19 50 357 A Email address Contact's email address


'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field description Difference n/a 6 Cell phone Added field 7 8 Middle initial Changed field length from 1 to 2



Locating.txt: Relationship Codes

Code Description Code Description 0 Unknown 15 Aunt 1 Mother 16 Uncle 2 Father 18 Friend 5 Grandmother 38 Spouse 6 Grandfather 54 Colleague 10 Guardian 55 Other 13 Sister 56 Student/Self 14 Brother

Tests.txt

Consists of the standardized tests and scores for the students. I = Integer. This file only applies to undergraduates. It can contain up to two rows per student. Record one row for SAT scores and one row for ACT score.

Seq. Length Start pos Type Field description Valid values 1 8 1 I NPSAS identifier 8 digit study ID, provided by RTI in the student sample file. 2 1 9 I Exam type 1 = SAT 2=ACT 3 3 10 I SAT Verbal score SAT = 200-800 4 3 13 I SAT Quantitative/Math score SAT = 200-800 5 3 16 I SAT Writing score SAT = 200-800 6 4 19 I ACT composite score ACT = 0-36


'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field description Difference 5 n/a Analytic score Removed field 2 2 Exam type Removed valid value "3=GRE" n/a 5 SAT Writing score Added field

Terms.txt

Consists of the terms, enrollment status and tuition amount paid by the students for the terms between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008. I = Integer, A = Alpha, N = Numeric. This file should include one row for EACH term the student was enrolled.


1 8 1 I NPSAS identifier 8 digit study ID, provided by RTI in the student sample file. 2 50 9 A Term name Term name (e.g., Fall 2007, Spring 2008) 3 8 59 I Date term begins MMDDYYYY 4 8 67 I Date term ends MMDDYYYY

5 2 75 I Term attendance status 1 = Full-time; 2 = Half-time; 3 = Less than half-time

6 3 77 I Completed credit hours

Number of hours student completed this term. If the student is currently enrolled, enter hours enrolled. If this school is a clock hour only school then you can skip this.

7 8 80 N

Tuition and mandatory fees amount

Amount of tuition and mandatory fees for this term. Exclude tuition waivers and discounts. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.




'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field description Difference 6 n/a Enrolled hours Removed field 5 5 Term attendance status Removed valid value "-1 = Not Declared" n/a 6 Completed credit hours Added field

Budget.txt

Consists of data related to students' financial aid budgets including dependency status, EFC amount, and also the prospective budget information for the students in the sample. I = Integer, N = Numeric. This file should be made up of 1 row per student.



2 1 9 I Financial aid budget / EFC information available 1 = Yes; 0 = No

3 2 10 I Dependency status 1 = Dependent; 2 = Independent; -1 = Don’t know

4 2 12 I Local residence 1 = On-Campus or school-owned housing; 2 = Off-Campus without parents; 3 = Off-Campus with parents; -1 = Don’t know

5 8 14 N EFC amount

Enter the amount of the FEDERAL Expected Family Contribution. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

6 1 22 I Cost of attendance budget available 1 = Yes; 0 = No

7 1 23 I Budget period 1 = Full time, full year; 2 = Full time, one term; 3 = Part time, full year; 4 = Part time, one term; 5 = Other

8 8 24 N Budget amount for tuition and fees

Enter the TUITION and FEES amount for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

9 8 32 N Budget amount for books and supplies

Enter the budgeted amount for BOOKS/SUPPLIES for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

10 8 40 N Budget amount for room and board

Enter budgeted ROOM and BOARD totals for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

11 8 48 N Budget amount for transportation

Enter any budgeted TRANSPORTATION amounts for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

12 8 56 N Budget amount for computer technology

Enter any COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY amounts for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

13 8 64 N Budget amount for all other expenses

Enter all OTHER costs included in the student’s budget for the period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

14 8 72 N Total cost of attendance

Enter the TOTAL budget amount for the budget period. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.




‘04 Seq. ‘08 Seq. Field description Difference 8 n/a Line item or total budget amount Removed field 16 n/a State EFC Amount Removed field 3 3 Dependency status Changed field length from 1 to 2 3 3 Dependency status Added valid value “-1 = Don’t know” 4 4 Local residence Changed field length from 1 to 2 4 4 Local residence Added valid value “-1 = Don’t know”

Enrollment.txt

Consists of information regarding the sample student’s last enrollment status: type of degree program, class level, current major, etc. I = Integer, A = Alpha, N = Numeric. This file should be made up of 1 row per student.



2 2 9 I Type of degree program during the last enrolled term See the following pages for a list of degree program codes.

3 1 11 I Associate’s degree program

This applies only if the student is enrolled in an Associate’s degree. 1 = AA, AS, general education or transfer program. 2 = AAS, occupational or technical program.

4 2 12 I Master's degree program Applies only if student is enrolled in a Master's program. See the following pages for a list of master’s degree codes.

5 2 14 I Doctoral or professional degree program

Applies only if student is enrolled in a Doctoral or Professional program. See the following pages for a list of doctoral/professional degree program codes.

6 2 16 I Student's class level during the last enrolled term

1 = 1st year/freshman; 2 = 2nd year/sophomore; 3 = 3rd year/junior; 4 = 4th year/senior; 5 = 5th year or higher undergraduate; 6 = Undergraduate (unclassified); 7 = Student with advanced degree taking undergraduate courses; 8 = First yr graduate / professional; 9 = Second yr graduate/professional; 10 = Third yr graduate/professional; 11 = Beyond third yr Graduate/professional

7 6 18 N Cumulative GPA 1.00-5.00 if the institution is on a 4 point scale or 0-100 if the institution is on a 100-point scale

8 6 24 N Major GPA 1.00-5.00 if the institution is on a 4 point scale or 0-100 if the institution is on a 100-point scale

9 6 30 I CIP code of current major

Enter the 6-digit Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code for the student's major. Do NOT include any decimals.

10 40 36 A Current major Enter the student's current major

11 1 76 I Received baccalaureate degree 1=Yes 0=No This applies to students who are graduate or professional students.

12 2 77 I Month the student received the baccalaureate degree

MM - 2 digit number for the month. This applies to graduate and professional students.

13 4 79 I Year the student received the baccalaureate degree

YYYY - 4 digit year. This applies to graduate and professional students.

14 1 83 I

Classified as a first-time degree-seeking student for IPEDS reporting purposes for the 2007–08 academic year?

1 = Yes; 0 = No. This applies only to undergraduate students and graduate students that do not have a baccalaureate degree.

15 1 84 I

Expected to complete degree requirements on or before June 30, 2008 1 = Yes; 0 = No

16 4 85 I Total clock hours in program - if this is a clock hour only school Total clock hours in program




17 2 89 I Clock hours per week required - if this is a clock hour only school

Enter the number of hours (lab and classroom) required per week

18 8 91 N Tuition and mandatory fees total for all terms

If available, enter the total amount of tuition and mandatory fees for all terms that the student was enrolled. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

19 1 99 I Jurisdiction classification for tuition purposes

Answer only if institution is public. 1 = In jurisdiction (e.g., in-state, in-district, etc.); 2 = Out-of-jurisdiction (e.g., out-of-state, out-of-district, etc.)

20 1 100 I

Completed or plans to complete a bachelor’s degree between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008?

1 = Yes; 0 = No. Enter information in this field only if Field 2 (Type of degree program during the last enrolled term) is not Bachelor’s (Not equal to 1).


'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field description Difference 14 n/a Ever enrolled in this institution Removed field 15 n/a First enrolled month Removed field 16 n/a First enrolled year Removed field 17 n/a Transferred any credits Removed field 24 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan? Removed field 25 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan code 1 Removed field 26 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan code 1 amount Removed field 27 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan code 2 Removed field 28 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan code 2 amount Removed field 29 n/a Tuition paid by a state prepaid or savings plan from another state Removed field 2 n/a Term start date Removed field 3 n/a Term end date Removed field

9 7 Cumulative GPA Valid range changed from 0.00 - 4.00 to 1.00 - 5.00

n/a 8 Major GPA Added field n/a 9 CIP code of current major Added field

n/a 20 Completed or plans to complete a bachelor’s degree between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008? Added field

Enrollment.txt: Degree Program Codes

Code Description -1 Don’t know 1 Bachelor's degree 2 Associate's degree 3 Undergraduate certificate or diploma (occupational or technical program) 4 Enrolled in undergraduate courses, not in a degree program 5 Master's degree program 6 Professional degree (law, medicine, chiropractic, pharmacy, ordination) 7 Doctoral degree program 8 Post-baccalaureate certificate program (including teaching credential) 9 Enrolled in graduate courses, not in a degree program



Enrollment.txt: Master’s Degree Codes

Code Description Code Description 1 Master of Science (MS) 6 Master of Social Work (MSW) 2 Master of Arts (MA) 7 Master of Fine Arts (MFA) 3 Master of Education (MEd) or Teaching (MAT) 8 Master of Public Health (MPH) 4 Master of Business Administration (MBA) 9 Other master's degree program not listed 5 Master of Public Administration (MPA) 19 Master of Divinity (MDiv)

Enrollment.txt: Doctoral/Professional Degree Codes

Code Description 11 Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 12 Doctor of Education (EdD) 13 Doctor of Science (DSc/ScD) or Engineering (DEng) 14 Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) 15 Doctor of Business or Public Administration (DBA, DPA) 16 Doctor of Fine Arts (DFA) 17 Doctor of Theology (ThD) 18 Other doctoral degree not listed 19 Ministry of Divinity (MDiv, DMin, MHL, BD, ordination) 20 Law (JD, LLB) 21 Medicine or Osteopathic Medicine (MD, DO) 22 Dentistry (DDS, DMD) 23 Chiropractic (DC, DCM) 24 Pharmacy (PharmD) 25 Optometry (OD) 26 Podiatry (DPM, DP, PodD) 27 Veterinary medicine (DVM)

Aid.txt

Contains financial aid information including federal loans and grants, veterans benefits, research assistantships, institution based financial aid, graduate aid, and state based financial aid the sample students received between July 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008. I = Integer, N = Numeric. This file can contain multiple rows per student.



2 1 9 N Aid awarded type 1 = Federal Aid; 2 = State Aid; 3 = Institutional Aid 4 = Graduate Aid; 5 = Other Aid

3 8 10 N Aid awarded code

Please refer to the file specifications on the NPSAS website for the aid awarded codes. They are customized for each institution. Use Federal Aid Codes if aid awarded type = 1; Use State Aid Codes if aid awarded type = 2; Use Institute Aid Codes if aid awarded type = 3; Use Graduate Aid Codes if aid awarded type = 4; Use Other Aid Codes if aid awarded type = 5

4 8 18 N Aid awarded amount

Enter the amount awarded. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.

There are no differences between the file specifications used in the 2004 NPSAS CADE collection and the current ones.



Other Aid.txt

Contains financial aid info for awards and grants received by the student that are not listed in the Aid.txt file. I = Integer, A = Alpha, N = Numeric. This file can contain multiple rows per student.



2 40 9 A Name of the other award Please provide the name of the aid award - only aid not listed in the Aid.txt file.

3 2 49 I Type of other award See the following page for other award type codes. 4 1 51 I Source of the other award 1 = Institution; 2 = State; 3 = Federal; 4 = Other

5 8 52 N Amount of other award

Enter amount awarded. This field should not contain decimals, commas or a dollar sign. Please round values with decimals to the nearest whole number.


'04 Seq. '08 Seq. Field Description Difference 4 4 Source of the other award Removed valid value "5 = Other_G" 4 4 Source of the other award Removed valid value "6 = Other_UG"

OtherAid.txt: Other Award Type Codes

Code Description 1 Grant/scholarship : need-based 2 Grant/scholarship : merit-based 3 Grant/scholarship : both need and merit 4 Tuition waiver 5 Loan 6 Work-study or assistantship 7 Other


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report G-1

Appendix G Training Materials


Appendix G. Training Materials


NPSAS:08 General Training Modules iLearning Web-Administered Training

Module 1: Professional Interviewer Training • What is Survey Research? • The Goal of Survey Research • What Happens to the Survey Data? • Survey Research Goals • How Do We Collect the Information? • High Quality is Our Goal • Telephone Survey Research Examples • How You Fit In • Telephone Interviewer – Position

Description

• Interviewer Responsibilities • The Best Interviewers • Expectations of Telephone Interviewers • Monitoring • Three Key Elements of Successful

Interviewers • Understanding Project Trainings • Assessment

Module 2: Professional Ethics, Respondents’ Rights, Confidentiality, and Data Security • Ethics • Rights of Respondents

o The Right of Informed Consent o The Right to Refuse o The Right of Privacy o The Right to Accurate

Representation • Respondents’ Rights Practice Exercise

• Institutional Review Board • IRB Purpose • Your Role in Protecting Respondents • Confidentiality Requirements • Data Security • Assessment

Module 3: Sampling Survey Participants • Respondent – The Basics • Scientific Sampling Procedures • Example of Sample Survey: Monthly

Unemployment Rates • Probability Sampling • List Sample • Longitudinal Surveys

• Random Digit Dial (RDD) Sample • Challenges with Sampling • Your Role in Sampling • Sampling Pitfalls • The Impact of Your Success • Assessment

Module 4: Call Basics • Before you Dial, Know the Study • Getting the Sample Member Interested • First Impressions • Content of Initial Call • Importance of the Introduction and

Making a Good First Impression • Impact of Introduction • Understanding Motivation Participation

• Refusal Avoidance • Types of Refusals • How to Respond to Refusals • Gatekeeper Refusals • Active Listening Examples • Key Points on Refusals • Coding Refusals


• Assessment Module 5: Questionnaire Administration • Screening: Selecting Eligible

Respondents • Informed Consent • Questionnaire Flow • Questionnaire Design Goals • Standardization • A Professional Approach to Interviewing • Definition of Nonjudgmental • Definition of Noncommittal

• Definition of Nonpersonal • Bias (Influence) • Ways to Avoid Bias – Influencing

Responses • Types of Questions • Rules for Questionnaire Administration • Recognition Statements • Probing Skills • Assessment

Module 6: Voice Control • The Power of Your Voice • It’s How You Say It • Your Voice, Your Success • Golden Rules of Voice Quality • Practice These Vocal Skills • Proper Enunciation • Unclear Speech • Proper Volume • Speed/Pace • Inflection • Emphasis • Pitfalls of Monotone • Pitfalls of a False or Exaggerated Voice

• Silence • Frequent Pauses • Energy Level • Sounding Natural • Speaking Naturally • Sounding Conversational • Odds and Ends • Tips • Try It Yourself • To Sound Confident, Assertive, and

Professional • Good Vocal Skills Can… • Assessment



Tracer Training Agenda

• Introduction to Tracing o What is tracing o How does it aid projects o Types of tracing o Level of Effort o Client budget

• Confidentiality/Security

o Protection of personal identifying information o Protection of passwords and project information o Search Engine use

• Proprietary Databases

o Tracer Log ins o Password changes o Database training o Database results

• Tracing CMS o CMS Overview o Screens o Accessing cases

Reviewing case information Recording tracing activities

o Closing cases

• Effective Probing

• Mock probing sessions


G-6 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Trainers

NPSAS 2008 Full Scale Telephone Interviewer Training Agenda

Two Day Agenda: Sunday-Monday

Day 1/Session 1 1:00 p.m.–5:00 p.m.

1:00 – 1:10 Welcome and Introduction 1:10 – 1:20 Overview of Study 1:20 – 1:30 Your Role as an Interviewer 1:30 – 1:40 Confidentiality 1:40 – 1:50 TI Introductions 1:50 – 2:25 Demonstration Interview 2:25 – 2:35 Frequently Asked Questions 2:35 – 2:45 Break 2:45 – 3:10 Introduction to the Front End 3:10 – 4:10 Q x Q Review 4:10 – 4:15 Short Break 4:15 – 4:55 Q x Q Review Continued 4:55 – 5:00 Wrap–up questions 5:00 – 5:30 Break



Day 1/Session 2 5:30 p.m.–9:30 p.m.

5:30 – 5:35 FAQ Review 5:35 – 6:25 Coding practice 6:25 – 7:20 Round Robin Mock #1 7:20 – 7:35 Break 7:35 – 7:45 FAQ Review

7:45 – 7:50 Coding exercise review 7:50 – 9:25 Paired Mocks 9:25 – 9:30 Wrap–up questions

Day 2/Session 3 6:00 p.m.–10:00 p.m.

6:00 – 6:00 Welcome/Notarization/Confidentiality Review 6:00 – 6:30 Coding Certification 6:30 – 6:35 FAQ Review 6:35 – 7:25 Additional Front End Practice 7:25 – 8:15 Round Robin Mock #2 8:15 – 8:25 Break 8:25 – 8:30 Training Evaluations 8:30 –10:00 Certification Interviews/FAQ Certification



Contents

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1 What Is the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study? .................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Overview of NPSAS:08 .................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 What is the Purpose of NPSAS:08? .................................................................. 1-1 1.1.3 What Are the Goals of NPSAS:08? .................................................................. 1-2

1.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.2.1 How Were Students Selected? .......................................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 How Will the Interviews Be Conducted? ......................................................... 1-5

1.3 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study: B&B:08/09 and B&B:08/12 ............. 1-5 1.4 Data Collection Schedule .............................................................................................. 1-6 1.5 Project Staff .................................................................................................................. 1-6

2.0 GENERAL INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES ........................................................... 2-1

2.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Sample Member Participant Rights .............................................................................. 2-3

2.2.1 Right to Accurate Representation ..................................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 Right of Informed Consent ............................................................................... 2-4 2.2.3 Right to Refuse ................................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.4 Right of Privacy ................................................................................................ 2-4

2.3 Confidentiality .............................................................................................................. 2-5 2.3.1 Security Clearance ............................................................................................ 2-6

2.4 Obtaining Cooperation .................................................................................................. 2-9 2.5 Insist Pay ..................................................................................................................... 2-10 2.6 Refusals ....................................................................................................................... 2-11 2.7 Best Practices in Conducting the Interview ................................................................ 2-12

2.7.1 Asking the Questions ...................................................................................... 2-12 2.7.2 Using Feedback ............................................................................................... 2-15 2.7.3 Recording Responses Accurately ................................................................... 2-16 2.7.4 Use of Judgment in Coding............................................................................. 2-16

2.8 Answers to Questions ................................................................................................. 2-17

3.0 LOCATING AND CONTACTING SAMPLE MEMBERS ........................................ 3-1

3.1 Pre-CATI Tracing Activities......................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 CATI Locating Procedures ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Tracing Procedures ....................................................................................................... 3-2 3.4 Prompting ...................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.5 Initial Contact................................................................................................................ 3-3 3.6 Scheduling a Callback................................................................................................... 3-5 3.7 Telephone Answering Machine Message Protocol....................................................... 3-6 3.8 Status Codes .................................................................................................................. 3-6



4.0 CATI Data Collection ................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Web-Based Instrumentation/Self-Administered Instrument......................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Using a Windows-Based System ...................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Moving or Sizing Windows .............................................................................. 4-1 4.1.3 Working with Web Questions ........................................................................... 4-2

4.2 Overview of the Questionnaire ..................................................................................... 4-3

5.0 QUALITY CONTROL ................................................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Interviewer Performance Monitoring ........................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Electronic Problem Reports .......................................................................................... 5-6 5.3 Quality Circle Meetings .............................................................................................. 5-11 5.4 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 5-11

6.0 HELP DESK AGENT SUPPLEMENT ........................................................................ 6-1

6.1 Training ......................................................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Help Desk Objectives ................................................................................................... 6-1 6.3 Help Desk Agent Responsibilities ................................................................................ 6-2 6.4 Toll-Free Telephone Number and Routing System ...................................................... 6-3 6.5 Types of Questions You Will Encounter ...................................................................... 6-3 6.6 Help Desk Call-Tracking Module ................................................................................. 6-4

6.6.1 Logging In to the Help Desk Call-Tracking Module ........................................ 6-4 6.6.2 Logging a Call................................................................................................... 6-6 6.6.3 Search Incidents .............................................................................................. 6-12 6.6.4 Reviewing Pending Incidents ......................................................................... 6-13 6.6.5 Exiting the Application ................................................................................... 6-14

6.7 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 6-15

7.0 TELEPHONE SUPERVISOR SUPPLEMENT ........................................................... 7-1

7.1 Responsibilities of NPSAS:08 Personnel ..................................................................... 7-1 7.1.1 Project Supervisors ........................................................................................... 7-1 7.1.2 Quality Control Supervisors (QC Supervisor) .................................................. 7-2 7.1.3 Help Desk Agents ............................................................................................. 7-3 7.1.4 Telephone Interviewers ..................................................................................... 7-3

7.2 Project Communications ............................................................................................... 7-4 7.3 Hiring and Training....................................................................................................... 7-5 7.4 Shift Preparations .......................................................................................................... 7-6 7.5 Silent Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 7-6 7.6 Problem Sheets.............................................................................................................. 7-7 7.7 Questions from Students ............................................................................................... 7-7 7.8 Case Management ......................................................................................................... 7-8 7.9 800 Number Call-Ins and Tracing Referrals ............................................................... 7-14 7.10 Supervisory Review Procedures ................................................................................. 7-14

7.10.1 Tracing Review ............................................................................................... 7-15 7.10.2 Appointments .................................................................................................. 7-15 7.10.3 Refusals ........................................................................................................... 7-16 7.10.4 Cases with Over 20 Calls ................................................................................ 7-16



7.10.5 CCS Missed Appointments ............................................................................. 7-17 7.10.6 Supervisor Review Queue ............................................................................... 7-17 7.10.7 How CATI Selects the Roster Line for the Next Call .................................... 7-17

7.11 Nonresponse Incentive Protocol ................................................................................. 7-19 7.12 Handling Incentive Cases on the Telephone ............................................................... 7-19 7.13 Monitoring Costs ........................................................................................................ 7-20 7.14 Periodic Project Meetings ........................................................................................... 7-20 7.15 Maintenance of Project Files ...................................................................................... 7-20

List of Exhibits

Exhibit 1-1. Steps in the NPSAS:08 data collection effort ...................................................... 1-4 Exhibit 1-2. NPSAS:08 calendar ............................................................................................. 1-6 Exhibit 2-1. NPSAS:08 Confidentiality Agreement ................................................................ 2-7 Exhibit 2-2. NPSAS:08 Affidavit of Nondisclosure ................................................................ 2-8 Exhibit 2-3. The CATI-CMS insist pay screen ...................................................................... 2-11 Exhibit 2-4. Answering questions and dealing with reluctant NPSAS:08

sample members................................................................................................. 2-18 Exhibit 4-1. Glossary of Windows terms ................................................................................. 4-1 Exhibit 5-1. NPSAS:08 monitoring form ................................................................................ 5-2 Exhibit 5-2. NPSAS:08 problem reporting system .................................................................. 5-8 Exhibit 6-1. Help desk login screen ......................................................................................... 6-5 Exhibit 6-2. ESD Application screen ....................................................................................... 6-5 Exhibit 6-3. Case Helpdesk screen .......................................................................................... 6-6 Exhibit 6-4. Search Sample Members screen .......................................................................... 6-7 Exhibit 6-5. Example of search results .................................................................................... 6-7 Exhibit 6-6. Case Detail screen ................................................................................................ 6-8 Exhibit 6-7. New Incident screen ........................................................................................... 6-10 Exhibit 6-8. Make an appointment with a sample member ................................................... 6-11 Exhibit 6-9. “Incidents That Require Followup” link ............................................................ 6-12 Exhibit 6-10. Searching for incidents (incidents that require followup).................................. 6-13 Exhibit 6-11. Case Event Detail screen ................................................................................... 6-14 Exhibit 6-12. Logging out of CATI-CMS ............................................................................... 6-15 Exhibit 7-1. NPSAS:08 scheduler queue definitions and ID mappings ................................ 7-10 Exhibit 7-2. CATI menu option queue mapping .................................................................... 7-13

List of Appendices Appendix A—Prenotification Letter........................................................................................ A-1 Appendix B—Event and Summary Status Codes ..................................................................... B-1 Appendix C—NPSAS:08 Trace Review Procedures ............................................................... C-1 Appendix D—NPSAS:08 Refusal Conversion Procedures ..................................................... D-1 Appendix E—Help Desk Issues/Resolutions............................................................................ E-1

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report H-1

Appendix H Imputations


Appendix H. Imputations


Table H-1. Rate of missing data for all variables: 2008

Variable description Variable name

Percent missing data rate

All students


Graduate / first-professional

students Age as of 12/31/07 AGE † † 0.1 Age groups as of 12/31/07 AGEGROUP 0.0 0.0 0.1 Attendance intensity in fall ATTEND 0.6 0.6 0.4 Reason enrolled: complete associate’s

degree ATTENDA 49.8 49.8 † Reason enrolled: complete undergraduate

certificate or degree ATTENDB 37.9 37.9 † Reason enrolled: earn course credits at a

different school ATTENDC 37.9 37.9 † Reason enrolled: gain job or occupational

skills ATTENDD 37.9 37.9 † Reason enrolled: prepare for job certification

or license ATTENDE 37.9 37.9 † Reason enrolled: prepare to transfer ATTENDF 38.3 38.3 † Reason enrolled: solely for personal interest ATTENDG 37.9 37.9 † Main reason for attending NPSAS ATTENDMR 38.0 38.0 † Year received bachelor’s degree BAYEAR 19.4 † 19.4 Citizenship CITIZEN2 2.5 2.5 2.5 Community service: number of hours

volunteered per month COMHOUR 63.6 66.1 48.3 Community service: required in high school COMHSRQ 72.6 72.6 † Community service: voluntary in high school COMHSVL 72.6 72.6 † Community service: one time event COMONE 57.4 59.9 42.1 Community service: required or part of

program COMREQ 60.5 60.5 † Community service: volunteered in last 12

months COMSERV 37.7 39.3 28.0 Community service type: fundraising COMSERVA 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: health services COMSERVB 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: homeless shelter or

soup kitchen COMSERVC 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: neighborhood

improvement COMSERVD 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: non-education-

related work with kids COMSERVE 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: service to church COMSERVF 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: tutoring or

education-related COMSERVG 57.1 59.6 42.0 Community service type: other COMSERVX 57.1 59.6 42.0 Credit cards: balance due on all credit cards CRBALDUE 74.0 74.0 † Credit cards: number of credit cards in own

name CRNUMCRD 37.2 37.2 † Credit cards: parents help pay credit card bills CRPARPAY 52.6 52.6 † Credit cards: pay off or carry balance CRPAYOFF 52.6 52.6 † Cost of books and supplies (student reported) CSTBKS 38.2 39.8 28.5 See notes at end of table.


H-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Table H-1. Rate of missing data for all variables: 2008 (continued)



All students



students Cost of special equipment (student reported) CSTCMPTR 46.4 47.7 38.7 Prior degree earned since high school DEGPR 30.1 31.4 22.1 Prior degree: associate’s degree DEGPRAA 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: 4-year bachelor’s degree DEGPRBA4 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: 5-year bachelor’s degree DEGPRBA5 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: undergraduate

certificate/diploma DEGPRCRT 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: doctoral degree DEGPRDOC 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: first professional degree DEGPRFP 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: master’s degree DEGPRMS 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: post-BA certificate DEGPRPTB 56.4 67.8 22.9 Prior degree: post-MA certificate DEGPRPTM 56.4 67.8 22.9 Dependents: has any dependents DEPANY 30.6 34.4 17.8 Dependents: children in daycare DEPCARE 44.4 47.0 31.6 Dependents: has dependent children DEPCHILD 47.9 49.4 39.9 Dependents: children in daycare—monthly

daycare costs DEPCOST 65.6 68.5 49.8 Dependency status DEPEND 8.2 9.6 † Dependent parent income (cont) DEPINC 44.8 44.8 † Dependent parent income (cat) DEPINCX 63.5 57.5 † Dependents: has any dependents (number) DEPNUM 48.1 49.6 40.0 Dependents: has dependent children

(number) DEPNUMCH 49.7 51.2 41.7 Dependents: children—age of oldest DEPOLD 64.0 66.6 50.4 Dependents: has dependent(s) other than

children DEPOTHER 47.9 49.5 39.6 Dependents: types of dependents DEPTYPE 48.1 49.6 40.0 Dependents: children—age of youngest DEPYNG 64.0 66.6 50.4 Disability: mobility impairment DISMOBIL 37.7 39.3 27.9 Disability: other long-lasting condition DISOTHER 37.7 39.3 27.9 Disability: sensory impairment DISSENSR 37.7 39.3 27.9 Distance education: entire program DISTALL 74.0 75.7 62.4 Distance education: took courses in 2007–08 DISTEDUC 36.7 38.3 27.0 Distance from NPSAS school to home DISTHOME 41.3 41.3 † Distance education: location of courses DISTLOC 74.1 75.7 62.4 Job: distance from NPSAS school to work DISTWK 58.0 58.7 54.0 Disability: main type of condition or

impairment DISTYPES 85.9 86.0 85.1 Dependent student income (cont) DSTUINC 74.5 70.2 † Dependent student income (cat) DSTUINCX 63.0 56.8 † EFC (CPS) EFCCPS 49.6 47.6 62.1 Employer aid (student) EMPLYAM1 21.3 20.3 26.9 Employer aid (parents) EMPLYAM2 20.5 20.5 † Monthly enrollment status 2007/07 ENR01 0.4 0.4 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2007/08 ENR02 0.5 0.5 0.3 See notes at end of table.






All students



students Monthly enrollment status 2007/09 ENR03 0.5 0.6 0.4 Monthly enrollment status 2007/10 ENR04 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2007/11 ENR05 0.5 0.6 0.4 Monthly enrollment status 2007/12 ENR06 0.5 0.5 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/01 ENR07 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/02 ENR08 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/03 ENR09 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/04 ENR10 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/05 ENR11 0.5 0.6 0.3 Monthly enrollment status 2008/06 ENR12 0.4 0.4 0.2 Ever attended community college EVER2PUB 16.5 16.5 † Ever attended 4-year institution EVER4YR 15.8 18.4 † Received federal benefit: any FEDBEN 49.4 47.3 62.0 Received federal benefit: Food Stamp Benefit FEDBENA 20.2 20.6 18.0 Received federal benefit: Free/Reduced Price

School Lunch Benefits FEDBENB 49.4 47.3 62.0 Received federal benefit: Supplemental

Security Income Benefits FEDBENC 20.2 20.6 18.0 Received federal benefit: TANF Benefits FEDBEND 20.2 20.6 18.0 Received federal benefit: WIC Benefits FEDBENE 49.4 47.3 62.0 Financial aid decisions: compared lender

options FINAIDA 37.7 39.2 28.5 Financial aid decisions: discussed with

family/friends FINAIDB 37.7 39.2 28.5 Financial aid decisions: researched on

internet FINAIDC 37.7 39.2 28.5 Financial aid decisions: talked with staff FINAIDD 37.7 39.2 28.5 Other financial support received FINSPRT 37.6 39.2 28.0 Other financial support: housing costs FINSPRTA 85.9 86.5 81.2 Other financial support: living expenses FINSPRTB 85.9 86.5 81.2 Other financial support: other education FINSPRTC 85.9 86.5 81.2 Other financial support: tuition and fees FINSPRTD 85.9 86.5 81.2 Graduate assistantship: included health

insurance GAINSUR 31.7 † 31.7 Gender GENDER † † † Grade point average GPA 10.4 10.4 † Graduate class level GRADLVL 1.6 † 1.6 Year began graduate degree GRADPYR 23.4 † 23.4 Teaching assistantship duties: answered

student emails GRADTAA 34.1 † 34.1 Teaching assistantship duties: assisted

faculty with grading GRADTAB 34.1 † 34.1 Teaching assistantship duties: assumed

teaching responsibility GRADTAC 34.1 † 34.1 Teaching assistantship duties: held office

hours GRADTAD 34.1 † 34.1 See notes at end of table.






All students



students Teaching assistantship duties: led

discussions GRADTAE 34.1 † 34.1 Teaching assistantship duties: supervised lab

sections GRADTAF 34.1 † 34.1 Total assistantships amount GRASTAMT 28.9 † 28.9 Other graduate assistantship amount GRGRDAMT 28.3 † 28.3 Graduate research assistantship amount GRRESAMT 28.4 † 28.4 Graduate teaching assistantship amount GRTEAAMT 28.3 † 28.3 Number of honors subjects HCHONORS 40.9 40.9 † Highest level of math completed/planned HCMATHHI 26.3 26.3 † Took/planned to take Biology HCTKBIOL 20.4 20.4 † Took/planned to take Chemistry HCTKCHEM 21.1 21.1 † Took/planned to take Physics HCTKPHYS 24.1 24.1 † Years completed/planned English HCYSENGL 44.9 44.9 † Years completed/planned foreign languages HCYSLANG 46.1 46.1 † Years completed/planned math HCYSMATH 19.6 19.6 † Years completed/planned science HCYSSCIE 20.2 20.2 † Years completed/planned social studies HCYSSOCI 45.1 45.1 † Highest level of education ever expected HIGHLVEX 31.9 33.5 22.1 Hispanic or Latino origin HISPANIC 7.6 7.4 8.3 Hispanic type HISPTYPE 61.9 61.3 66.6 Parents own home or pay mortgage HOMEPAR 37.3 37.3 † Student owns home or pays mortgage HOMESTUD 47.5 51.8 36.7 Earned Advanced Placement credit in high

school HSCRDAP 38.6 38.6 † Earned college credits at a college in high

school HSCRDCOL 38.5 38.5 † High school degree type HSDEG 7.8 7.8 † Grade point average in high school HSGPA 43.2 43.2 † High school graduation year HSGRADYY 12.8 12.8 † Type of high school attended HSTYPE 38.0 38.0 † Earnings in 2007 INCOMPAR 39.4 39.4 † Independent student and spouse income

(cont) INCOMST 38.2 39.7 28.6 Independent student and spouse income

(cont) INDEPINC 74.3 76.3 61.9 Tuition jurisdiction (in/out of area) INJURIS 0.2 0.1 0.4 Institutional loans INLNAMT 1.8 † 1.8 Independent student income (cont) ISTUINC 74.2 76.3 61.8 Independent student income (cat) ISTUINCX 57.3 63.7 18.4 Job: can afford school without working

(student) JOBAFFOR 56.4 56.0 59.3 Job: related to coursework (non-degree) JOBCLASS 54.6 54.7 53.4 Job: earnings from work while enrolled (excl

work-study/assistantship) JOBEARN 48.9 50.4 39.1 Job affects school: helped with career

preparation (student) JOBEFFA 56.4 56.1 59.4 See notes at end of table.






All students



students Job affects school: helped with class work

(student) JOBEFFB 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job affects school: limited access to campus

facilities (student) JOBEFFC 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job affects school: limited the class schedule

(student) JOBEFFD 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job affects school: limited the number of

classes (student) JOBEFFE 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job affects school: restricted choice of

classes (student) JOBEFFF 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job: effect on grades (student) JOBEFFGR 56.4 56.1 59.4 Job: type of employer JOBEMPL 45.8 47.5 35.4 Job: hours worked per week (excluding work-

study/assistantship) JOBHOUR 46.2 47.8 35.8 Job: related to major (degree) JOBMAJOR 50.0 52.9 33.0 Job: number (exclude work-

study/assistantship) JOBNUM 37.1 38.7 27.6 Job: located primarily on or off campus JOBONOFF 44.5 46.1 34.1 Job: have job prior to enrollment at NPSAS

school JOBPRIOR 44.6 46.3 34.2 Job: primary role as student or employee

(excl work-study/assistant) JOBROLE 44.8 46.4 34.4 Reason for working: earn spending money JOBRSNA 56.3 56.0 59.3 Reason for working: gain job experience JOBRSNB 56.3 56.0 59.3 Reason for working: minimize debt JOBRSNC 56.3 56.0 59.3 Reason for working: parents’ expectations JOBRSND 48.2 48.2 † Reason for working: pay educational

expenses JOBRSNE 56.3 56.0 59.3 Reason for working: pay living expenses JOBRSNF 56.3 56.0 59.3 Reason for working: to send money home JOBRSNG 56.3 56.0 59.3 Amount saved from summer 2007 earnings JOBSAVE 54.1 54.1 † Worked during summer 2007 JOBSUMMR 48.2 48.2 † Job: type of job JOBTYPE 44.6 46.2 34.2 Job: weeks worked while enrolled JOBWEEK 45.0 46.7 34.5 Cosign on student loans LNCOSIGN 38.3 39.7 27.0 Expect help with repaying student loans LNREPAY 40.8 42.8 31.1 Residence while enrolled LOCALRES 23.8 23.8 † Majors: ever formally changed MAJCHG 46.2 46.2 † Majors: frequency of formally changed MAJCHGFQ 76.9 76.9 † Field of study/major (detailed) MAJORS 3.0 3.2 1.9 Military type MILTYPE 1.7 1.8 1.3 Monthly mortgage/rent amount MNTRENT 44.9 49.2 28.9 Orphan or ward of court ORPHAN 18.2 18.3 12.6 Parents own investments, business or farm

over $10,000 OWNINVPA 37.9 37.9 † Student owns investments, business or farm

over $10,000 OWNINVST 46.9 50.4 36.9 See notes at end of table.






All students



students Dependent student parents AGI PAGI 75.5 71.4 † Born in the U.S. (parents) PARBORN 37.5 39.1 27.8 Parents taking college courses PARCOLL 36.6 36.6 † Help from parents: housing PARHELPA 36.3 36.3 † Help from parents: other educational

expenses PARHELPB 36.3 36.3 † Help from parents: other living expenses PARHELPC 36.3 36.3 † Help from parents: tuition and fees PARHELPD 36.3 36.3 † Father’s highest education level PDADED 37.7 39.3 28.0 Family size (dependent) PFAMNUM 20.5 20.5 † Dependent student parents number of federal

benefits PFEDBEN 45.9 45.9 † Dependent student parents federal tax paid PFEDTAX 75.4 71.4 † Number of family members in college

(dependent) PINCOL 28.5 28.5 † Marital status (parents) PMARITAL 19.7 19.7 † Mother’s highest education level PMOMED 38.0 39.6 28.1 English is the primary language PRIMLANG 37.6 39.2 27.8 Private sources grants PRIVAID 1.0 1.1 0.3 Private (alternative) loans PRIVLOAN 33.2 35.3 20.9 Completed degree program in 2007–2008 PROGSTAT 3.5 3.8 2.1 Year first enrolled in postsecondary education PSECTYR 34.4 34.4 † Dependent student parents federal tax filed PTAXFILE 75.0 70.9 † Race: Asian RAASIAN 8.0 8.0 7.9 Race: Black or African-American RABLACK 8.0 8.0 7.9 Race: American Indian or Alaska Native RAINDIAN 8.0 8.0 7.9 Race: American Indian or Alaska Native

recognized tribe RAINDTRB 26.3 27.3 16.4 Race: Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander RAISLAND 8.0 8.0 7.9 Race: Other RAOTHER 8.0 8.0 7.9 Race: White RAWHITE 8.0 8.0 7.9 Reason for not applying: did not want to take

on the debt REANOAPA 50.3 52.0 37.4 Reason for not applying: forms were too

much work REANOAPB 50.3 52.0 37.4 Reason for not applying: no information about

how to apply REANOAPC 50.3 52.0 37.4 Reason for not applying: no need REANOAPD 50.3 52.0 37.4 Reason for not applying: thought ineligible REANOAPE 50.3 52.0 37.4 Remedial courses: number taken in 2007–08 REMENUM 84.7 84.7 † Remedial courses: took in 2007–08 REMETOOK 72.2 72.2 † Remedial courses: ever taken REMEVER 39.4 39.4 † Independent student AGI SAGI 76.9 79.0 63.8 Attend institution in state of legal residence SAMESTAT 1.6 1.5 1.9 Hours per week on schoolwork outside of

class SCHWKHR 37.3 38.8 28.2 See notes at end of table.






All students



students Federal Supplemental Educational

Opportunity Grant (SEOG) SEOGAMT 1.1 1.1 † Independent student number of federal

benefits SFEDBEN 58.7 57.8 62.0 Independent student federal tax paid SFEDTAX 75.0 77.1 62.6 Number of family members in college

(independent) SINCOL 44.7 44.3 46.1 School job: assistantship SJASST 40.3 40.3 † Work-study job: community service project SJCOMSER 88.3 88.3 † School job: total earnings SJEARN 84.6 88.2 46.2 School job: hours worked per week (work-

study/assistantship) SJHOURS 84.2 87.5 49.2 School job: related to major or coursework SJMAJOR 86.6 86.6 † School job: located primarily on or off campus SJONOFF 86.9 86.9 † School job: for NPSAS or another

institution/organization SJSCHOOL 87.0 87.0 † Work-study job: literacy education or tutoring SJTUTOR 88.3 88.3 † School job: weeks worked SJWEEK 83.9 87.1 48.8 School job: work-study job SJWKST 40.3 40.3 † Marital status (student) SMARITAL 11.8 12.1 9.8 Spouse attending college SPINCOL 36.4 39.4 28.3 Independent student spouse income (cont) SPSINC 88.2 89.8 71.6 Independent student spouse income (cat) SPSINCX 75.7 80.9 20.3 Independent student federal tax filed STAXFILE 74.4 76.5 62.0 State of legal residence (student) STUSTATE 1.5 1.5 1.5 ACT derived composite score TEACTDER 25.0 25.0 † SAT derived combined score TESATDER 25.0 25.0 † SAT derived math score TESATMDE 28.4 28.4 † SAT derived verbal score TESATVDE 28.4 28.4 † Took SAT or ACT exams TETOOK 15.2 15.2 † Federal work-study TFEDWRK 0.6 0.6 † Ever transfer credits to NPSAS TRANCRD 46.9 46.9 † Associate degree type UGDEGAA 0.3 0.3 † Received untaxed benefits in 2007 UNTAXBF 38.4 42.2 27.8 Received untaxed benefits: child support UNTAXBFA 75.0 73.9 83.4 Received untaxed benefits: disability

payments UNTAXBFB 69.8 67.7 84.7 Received untaxed benefits: worker’s

compensation UNTAXBFC 82.6 80.8 91.2 Born in the U.S. (student) USBORN 37.6 39.2 28.1 Veterans benefits VETBEN 0.4 0.4 0.3 Veteran status VETERAN 1.4 1.5 1.2 Vote: ever voted VOTEEVER 37.5 38.9 27.9 Vote: registered to vote VOTEREG 37.4 38.9 27.9 † Not applicable. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



Table H-2. Pre- versus post-imputation frequency distribution for eight variables: 2008

Variable

Percent Pre-imputation

frequency Post-imputation

frequency Difference pre-post1

Dependency status Dependent 46.1 48.4 −2.3 Independent 53.9 51.6 2.3

Dependents—has dependent children

No 6.0 6.7 −0.7 Yes 94.0 93.3 0.7

Dependents—has dependents

No dependents 52.1 51.8 0.2 Has dependents 47.9 48.2 −0.2

Mother’s highest education level

Do not know 3.2 5.4 −2.2 Did not complete high school 9.3 9.0 0.3 High school diploma or equivalent 28.8 32.3 −3.4 Vocational or technical training 5.7 5.3 0.4 Less than 2 years of college 8.3 7.7 0.6 Associate’s degree 9.1 8.4 0.6 Two or more years of college but no degree 4.2 3.9 0.3 Bachelor’s degree 19.2 17.2 2.0 Master’s degree or equivalent 9.5 8.3 1.1 First-professional degree 1.6 1.5 0.2 Doctoral degree 1.1 1.0 0.1

Student's marital status

Single, divorced, or widowed 79.5 79.3 0.2 Married 18.7 18.9 −0.2 Separated 1.8 1.8 #

Military service type

No military service 96.1 96.1 # Active duty 0.6 0.6 # Reserves 0.3 0.3 # Veteran 3.0 3.0 #

Number of family members in college (independent) 88.2 89.1 −0.9

One family member in college 10.4 9.7 0.7 Two family members in college 1.2 1.0 0.2 Three family members in college 0.2 0.1 # Four family members in college # # # Five family members in college

Disability

No disability 90.2 90.0 0.3 Disabled 9.8 10.0 −0.3

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Difference = (Pre-Post)/Pre. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report I-1

Appendix I Analysis Variables


Appendix I. Analysis Variables


Table I-1. Analysis variables: 2008

Variable name Prefix Variable label AIDAPP Aid_Application Applied for any aid FEDAPP Aid_Application Applied for federal aid FINAIDA Aid_Application Financial aid decisions: compared lender options FINAIDB Aid_Application Financial aid decisions: discussed with family/friends FINAIDC Aid_Application Financial aid decisions: researched on internet FINAIDD Aid_Application Financial aid decisions: talked with staff REANOAPA Aid_Application Reason for not applying: did not want to take on the debt REANOAPB Aid_Application Reason for not applying: forms were too much work REANOAPC Aid_Application Reason for not applying: no information about how to apply REANOAPD Aid_Application Reason for not applying: no need REANOAPE Aid_Application Reason for not applying: thought ineligible CAMPAMT Aid_Federal Federal campus-based aid (Perkins, SEOG, FWSP) FEDNEED Aid_Federal Federal need-based aid FGRTLN Aid_Federal Total federal loans and grants TFEDAID Aid_Federal Total federal aid (excludes veterans/DOD) TFEDAID2 Aid_Federal Total federal aid (includes veterans/DOD) TFEDAID6 Aid_Federal Total federal aid (excludes parent PLUS and veterans/DOD) TFEDWRK Aid_Federal Federal work-study TITIVAMT Aid_Federal Total federal Title IV aid ACGAMT Aid_Federal_Grants Federal Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) ACGST07 Aid_Federal_Grants ACG grant status in 2006-07 ACGST08 Aid_Federal_Grants ACG grant status in 2007-08 GRTRNAMT Aid_Federal_Grants Graduate traineeship amount NSGST07 Aid_Federal_Grants SMART grant status in 2006-07 NSGST08 Aid_Federal_Grants SMART grant status in 2007-08 OTHFDGRT Aid_Federal_Grants Other federal grants (not Title IV) PELLAMT Aid_Federal_Grants Federal Pell grant PELLCUM Aid_Federal_Grants Cumulative Pell amount PELLFST Aid_Federal_Grants First year received a Pell grant PELLLST Aid_Federal_Grants Last year received a Pell grant PELLYRS Aid_Federal_Grants Number of years received Pell grants SEOGAMT Aid_Federal_Grants Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant

(SEOG) SMARTAMT Aid_Federal_Grants Federal National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain

Talent grant TFEDGRT Aid_Federal_Grants Total federal grants TFEDGRT2 Aid_Federal_Grants Total federal grants and veterans/DOD DIRECTLN Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford loan-Direct or FFELP program indicator FEDCUM1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount for undergrad FEDCUM2 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount for grad FEDCUM3 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount for undergrad and grad FEDOWE1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount owed for undergrad FEDOWE2 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount owed for grad FEDOWE3 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative federal loan amount owed for undergrad and

grad GPLUSAMT Aid_Federal_Loans Graduate PLUS loan total GPLUSCUM Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative graduate PLUS amount



I-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Table I-1. Analysis variables: 2008—Continued

Variable name Prefix Variable label PERKAMT Aid_Federal_Loans Perkins loan PERKCUM1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative Perkins amount for undergrad PERKCUM2 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative Perkins amount for grad PERKCUM3 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative Perkins amount for undergrad and grad PLUSAMT Aid_Federal_Loans Parent PLUS loan total PLUSCUM Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative PLUS amount STAFCT1 Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford subsidized maximum STAFCT2 Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford total maximum STAFFAMT Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford total subsidized+unsubsidized STAFFST Aid_Federal_Loans Year of first Stafford loan STAFLST Aid_Federal_Loans Year of last Stafford loan STAFSUB Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford subsidized total STAFTYPE Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford loan types received STAFUNSB Aid_Federal_Loans Stafford unsubsidized total STAFYRS Aid_Federal_Loans Number of years received Stafford loans STFCUM1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative Stafford for undergrad STSBCUM1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative subsidized Stafford for undergrad SUBCUM1 Aid_Federal_Loans Cumulative subsidized Stafford and Perkins for undergrad SUBLOAN Aid_Federal_Loans Federal subsidized loans (Stafford & Perkins) T4LNAMT1 Aid_Federal_Loans Title IV loans (excludes Parent PLUS) T4LNAMT2 Aid_Federal_Loans Title IV loans (includes Parent PLUS) TFEDLN Aid_Federal_Loans Total federal loans (excludes Parent PLUS) TFEDLN2 Aid_Federal_Loans Total federal loans (includes Parent PLUS) EMPLYAMT Aid_Grants Employer aid (includes college staff) MERITAID Aid_Grants Total merit-only grants INLNAMT Aid_Institutional Institutional loans INSTAMT Aid_Institutional Institutional aid total INSTWRK Aid_Institutional Institutional work-study EMPLWAIV Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional tuition waivers for staff GRINFEL Aid_Institutional_Grants Graduate fellowship amount INATHAMT Aid_Institutional_Grants Athletic scholarships INGRTAMT Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional grants total INSMERIT Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional merit-only grants INSTNEED Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional need-based grants INSTNOND Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional non-need & merit grants INSWAIV Aid_Institutional_Grants Institutional tuition & fee waivers GRASTAMT Aid_Institutional_Other Total assistantships amount GRGRDAMT Aid_Institutional_Other Other graduate assistantship amount GRRESAMT Aid_Institutional_Other Graduate research assistantship amount GRTEAAMT Aid_Institutional_Other Graduate teaching assistantship amount LNCOSIGN Aid_Loans Cosign on student loans LNREPAY Aid_Loans Expect help with repaying student loans AIDSNEED Aid_Need Aid amount exceeding federal need EFC Aid_Need Expected Family Contribution EFCAID Aid_Need Aid subject to federal EFC limitation GRTSNEED Aid_Need Grant amount exceeding federal need





Variable name Prefix Variable label SNEED1 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC SNEED2 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC minus total aid SNEED3 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC minus federal grants SNEED4 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC minus grants+federal need aid SNEED5 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC minus all grants SNEED7 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC, federal & state grants SNEED8 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC & federal, state, and other grants SNEED9 Aid_Need Student budget minus EFC & all aid except private loans NETCST1 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all aid NETCST10 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus federal grants NETCST12 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus state grants NETCST13 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus institutional grants NETCST14 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus all non-federal grants NETCST15 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus state+institutional grants NETCST16 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus federal and state grants NETCST17 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all grants and loans NETCST18 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all aid except work-study NETCST2 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus federal grants NETCST20 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all grants and loans (including Parent

PLUS) NETCST3 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all grants NETCST30 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus federal grants and veteran benefits NETCST32 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all grants and veteran benefits NETCST35 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus all grants and veteran benefits NETCST37 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus federal grants and veteran benefits NETCST4 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus grants and half of loans NETCST40 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus state & institutional grants NETCST41 Aid_Net Price Student budget minus all aid except private loans NETCST9 Aid_Net Price Tuition and fees minus all grants OTHRSCR Aid_Outside Outside sources total OTHTYPE Aid_Outside Total other type of aid (Parent PLUS, job training,

assistantships, VA OTHTYPE2 Aid_Outside Total other type of aid including work-study PRIVAMT Aid_Outside Total private sources grants and loans PRIVLOAN Aid_Outside Private (alternative) loans VADODAMT Aid_Outside Veterans benefits and DOD VETBEN Aid_Outside Veterans benefits EMPLYAM1 Aid_Outside_Grants Employer aid (student) EMPLYAM2 Aid_Outside_Grants Employer aid (parents) EMPLYAM3 Aid_Outside_Grants Employer aid (student & parents) OTHGTAMT Aid_Outside_Grants Outside grants (private & employer) PRIVAID Aid_Outside_Grants Private sources grants AIDSRC Aid_Package Aid package by source of aid AIDTYPE Aid_Package Aid package by type of aid FEDLNPAK Aid_Package Federal loan package by type of loan FEDPACK Aid_Package Federal aid package by type of aid GRNTSRC Aid_Package Grant package by source of grant INSTPACK Aid_Package Aid package with institutional aid





Variable name Prefix Variable label LOANSRC Aid_Package Loan package by source of loan PELLPACK Aid_Package Aid package with Pell grants PRIVPACK Aid_Package Package of private and non-private loans ACGCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and ACG grants to student budget ACGRAT1 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and ACG grants to total aid ACGRAT2 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and ACG grants to total grants AIDCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of total aid to student budget EFFORT18 Aid_Ratio Net price after all aid except work-study as percent of

income EFFORT20 Aid_Ratio Net price after grants and loans as percent of income EFFORT3 Aid_Ratio Net price after grants as percent of income EFFORT9 Aid_Ratio Net tuition after all grants as percent of income FEDGRPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of federal grants to total aid FEDPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of federal aid to total aid FLNPCT6 Aid_Ratio Ratio of federal loans to federal aid (excludes PLUS,

veterans) GPLUSRAT Aid_Ratio Ratio of Graduate PLUS loans to total loans GRTCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of grant aid to student budget GRTLOAN Aid_Ratio Ratio of grants to total loans GRTPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of grants to total aid GRTPCTTN Aid_Ratio Ratio of grant aid to tuition GRTRATIO Aid_Ratio Ratio of grants to grants and loans INCPCT1 Aid_Ratio Student budget as percent of income INCPCT2 Aid_Ratio Tuition as percent of income INSTGPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of institutional grants to total aid INSTPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of institution aid to total aid LOANCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of loans to student budget (excludes Parent PLUS) LOANCST2 Aid_Ratio Ratio of loans to student budget (includes Parent PLUS) LOANPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of loans to total aid (excl PLUS) LOANPCT2 Aid_Ratio Ratio of loans to total aid (incl PLUS) PELLCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell grant to student budget PELLRAT1 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell grant to total aid PELLRAT2 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell grant to total grants PLUSPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of PLUS loan to total aid PRIVCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of private loans to student budget PRIVLRAT Aid_Ratio Ratio of private loans to total loans PRIVPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of private loans to total aid SMARTCST Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and SMART grants to student budget SMTRAT1 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and SMART grants to total aid SMTRAT2 Aid_Ratio Ratio of Pell and SMART grants to total grants STAPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of state aid to total aid STAFFRAT Aid_Ratio Ratio of Stafford loans to total loans STGRPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of state grants to total aid WORKPCT Aid_Ratio Ratio of work-study to total aid STATEAMT Aid_State State aid total STLNAMT Aid_State State loans





Variable name Prefix Variable label STATNEED Aid_State_Grants State-need based grants STATNOND Aid_State_Grants State non-need & merit grants STGTAMT Aid_State_Grants State grants total STMERIT Aid_State_Grants State merit-only grants STNOND1 Aid_State_Grants State non-need grants STWKAMT Aid_State_Other State work-study VOCHELP Aid_State_Other Vocational rehabilitation and training NEEDAID1 Aid_Total Total need-based aid TGRTLN Aid_Total Total loans and grants TNFEDAID Aid_Total Total non-federal aid TOTAID Aid_Total Aid total amount TOTAID2 Aid_Total Total federal (Title IV), state, & institutional aid TOTAID4 Aid_Total Total aid (excluding Parent PLUS) TOTAID5 Aid_Total Total aid excluding work-study TOTAID6 Aid_Total Total aid (excludes parent PLUS and veterans/DOD) TOTAID7 Aid_Total Total aid (excludes veterans/DOD) TOTAID8 Aid_Total Total aid without private loans TOTWKST Aid_Total Total work-study NEEDAID Aid_Total_Grants Total need-based grant aid TNFEDGRT Aid_Total_Grants Total non-federal grants TOTGRT Aid_Total_Grants Total grants TOTGRT2 Aid_Total_Grants Total grants and veterans/DOD TOTGRT4 Aid_Total_Grants Total state and institutional grants TOTNOND3 Aid_Total_Grants Institutional no-need and State no-need grants BORAMT1 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative amount borrowed for undergrad BORAMT2 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative amount borrowed for grad BORAMT3 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative amount borrowed for undergrad and grad CUMLNTP1 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative loan type for undergrad CUMLNTP2 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative loan type for grad CUMLNTP3 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative loan type for undergrad and grad NFEDCUM1 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative non federal loan amount for undergrad NFEDCUM2 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative non federal loan amount for grad NFEDCUM3 Aid_Total_Loans Cumulative non federal loan amount for undergrad and grad OWEAMT1 Aid_Total_Loans Amount still owed on all undergraduate loans OWEAMT2 Aid_Total_Loans Amount still owed on all graduate loans OWEAMT3 Aid_Total_Loans Amount still owed on all education loans TNFEDLN Aid_Total_Loans Total non-federal loans TOTLOAN Aid_Total_Loans Total loans (excluding Parent PLUS) TOTLOAN2 Aid_Total_Loans Total loans (including Parent PLUS) TOTLOAN3 Aid_Total_Loans Total loans excluding private loans UNSBLOAN Aid_Total_Loans Total unsubsidized loans (all sources) AGE Background_Demographics Age as of 12/31/07 AGEGROUP Background_Demographics Age groups as of 12/31/07 AGEPSE Background_Demographics Age at start of postsecondary education CITIZEN2 Background_Demographics Citizenship DELAYENR Background_Demographics Delayed enrollment into PSE- number of years DEPEND Background_Demographics Dependency status





Variable name Prefix Variable label DEPEND2 Background_Demographics Dependency status (3 categories) DEPEND4 Background_Demographics Dependency status (4 categories) DEPEND5A Background_Demographics Dependency and marital status (separated=married) DEPEND5B Background_Demographics Dependency and marital status GENDER Background_Demographics Gender HISPANIC Background_Demographics Race: Hispanic or Latino origin HISPTYPE Background_Demographics Hispanic type RAASIAN Background_Demographics Race: Asian RABLACK Background_Demographics Race: Black or African-American RACE Background_Demographics Race/ethnicity (with multiple) RACE2 Background_Demographics Race/ethnicity (with multiple) without foreign students RACECEN Background_Demographics Race/ethnicity census categories RACESEX Background_Demographics Race/ethnicity (with multiple) and gender RAINDIAN Background_Demographics Race: American Indian or Alaska Native RAINDTRB Background_Demographics Race: American Indian or Alaska Native recognized tribe RAISLAND Background_Demographics Race: Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander RAOTHER Background_Demographics Race: Other RAWHITE Background_Demographics Race: White RISKINDX Background_Demographics Index of risk and nontraditional students SINGLPAR Background_Demographics Single-parent independent students SMARITAL Background_Demographics Marital status TRIO Background_Demographics TRIO program eligibility criteria USBORN Background_Demographics Born in the U.S. (student) DISABLE Background_Disabilities Disability: has some type of disability DISMOBIL Background_Disabilities Disability: mobility impairment DISOTHER Background_Disabilities Disability: other long-lasting condition DISSENSR Background_Disabilities Disability: sensory impairment DISTYPES Background_Disabilities Disability: main type of condition or impairment DEPANY Background_Family Dependents: has any dependents DEPCARE Background_Family Dependents: children in daycare DEPCHILD Background_Family Dependents: has dependent children DEPCOST Background_Family Dependents: children in daycare - monthly daycare costs DEPNUM Background_Family Dependents: has any dependents (number) DEPNUMCH Background_Family Dependents: has dependent children (number) DEPOLD Background_Family Dependents: children - age of oldest DEPOTHER Background_Family Dependents: has dependent(s) other than children DEPTYPE Background_Family Dependents: types of dependents DEPYNG Background_Family Dependents: children - age of youngest HSIZE Background_Family Family size (dependent & independent) IMMIGEN Background_Family Immigrant generational status IMMIGRA Background_Family Immigrant status PARCOLL Background_Family Parents taking college courses PRIMLANG Background_Family English is the primary language SFAMNUM Background_Family Family size (independent) SINCOL Background_Family Number of family members in college (independent) SPINCOL Background_Family Spouse attending college LOCALEST Background_Residence Degree of urbanization of student’s address LOCALRES Background_Residence Residence while enrolled STUSTATE Background_Residence State of legal residence (student)





Variable name Prefix Variable label GAINSUR Education_Assistantship Graduate assistantship: included health insurance GRADTAA Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: answered student emails GRADTAB Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: assisted faculty with grading GRADTAC Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: assumed teaching

responsibility GRADTAD Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: held office hours GRADTAE Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: led discussions GRADTAF Education_Assistantship Teaching assistantship duties: supervised lab sections DEGPR Education_Attainment Prior degree earned since high school DEGPRAA Education_Attainment Prior degree: associate’s degree DEGPRBA4 Education_Attainment Prior degree: 4-year bachelor’s degree DEGPRBA5 Education_Attainment Prior degree: 5-year bachelor’s degree DEGPRCRT Education_Attainment Prior degree: undergraduate certificate/diploma DEGPRDOC Education_Attainment Prior degree: doctoral degree DEGPRFP Education_Attainment Prior degree: first professional degree DEGPRMS Education_Attainment Prior degree: master’s degree DEGPRPTB Education_Attainment Prior degree: post-BA certificate DEGPRPTM Education_Attainment Prior degree: post-MA certificate ATTEND Education_Attendance Attendance intensity in fall ATTEND2 Education_Attendance Attendance intensity in fall (half-time) ATTNPT Education_Attendance Attendance intensity (half-time) ATTNPTRN Education_Attendance Attendance intensity (all schools) ATTNSTAT Education_Attendance Attendance pattern BAYEAR Education_Attendance Year received bachelor’s degree ENLEN Education_Attendance Number of months enrolled ENR01 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/07 ENR02 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/08 ENR03 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/09 ENR04 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/10 ENR05 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/11 ENR06 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2007/12 ENR07 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/01 ENR08 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/02 ENR09 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/03 ENR10 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/04 ENR11 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/05 ENR12 Education_Attendance Monthly enrollment status 2008/06 ENRFALL Education_Attendance Enrolled from July through Dec in 2007 ENRSPR Education_Attendance Enrolled from Jan through June in 2008 ENRSTAT Education_Attendance Enrollment pattern EVER2PUB Education_Attendance Ever attended community college EVER4YR Education_Attendance Ever attended 4-year institution GRADGAP Education_Attendance Years between BA and graduate school GRADPYR Education_Attendance Year began graduate degree GRADSTAT Education_Attendance Graduate degree and attendance pattern MFT Education_Attendance Months enrolled full-time MHT Education_Attendance Months enrolled half-time MLT Education_Attendance Months enrolled less than half time





Variable name Prefix Variable label MPT Education_Attendance Months enrolled part-time PSECTYR Education_Attendance Year first enrolled in postsecondary education STUDMULT Education_Attendance Number of institutions attended DISTALL Education_Courses Distance education: entire program DISTEDUC Education_Courses Distance education: took courses in 2007-08 DISTLOC Education_Courses Distance education: location of courses REMENUM Education_Courses Remedial courses: number taken in 2007-08 REMETK2 Education_Courses Remedial courses: took in 2007-08 (1st & 2nd year

students) REMETOOK Education_Courses Remedial courses: took in 2007-08 (all undergraduates) REMEVER Education_Courses Remedial courses: ever taken SCHWKHR Education_Courses Hours per week on schoolwork outside of class ACG1 Education_High School ACG curriculum eligibility HCHONORS Education_High School Number of honors subjects HCMATHHI Education_High School Highest level of math completed/planned HCSCINUM Education_High School Number of science courses taken HCTKBIOL Education_High School Took/planned to take Biology HCTKCHEM Education_High School Took/planned to take Chemistry HCTKPHYS Education_High School Took/planned to take Physics HCYSENGL Education_High School Years completed/planned English HCYSLANG Education_High School Years completed/planned foreign languages HCYSMATH Education_High School Years completed/planned math HCYSSCIE Education_High School Years completed/planned science HCYSSOCI Education_High School Years completed/planned social studies HSCRDANY Education_High School Earned any college credits in high school HSCRDAP Education_High School Earned Advanced Placement credit in high school HSCRDCOL Education_High School Earned college credits at a college in high school HSDEG Education_High School High school degree type HSGPA Education_High School Grade point average in high school HSGRADYY Education_High School High school graduation year HSTYPE Education_High School Type of high school attended COLLGRAD Education_Level Graduating senior in 2007-2008 STYPELST Education_Level Student type indicator GPA Education_Performance Grade point average CCTRACK Education_Persistence Community college track GRADDEG Education_Program Graduate degree program GRADGPG Education_Program Graduate and first-professional degree programs GRADLVL Education_Program Graduate class level GRADPGM Education_Program Graduate programs HIGHLVEX Education_Program Highest level of education ever expected MAJCHG Education_Program Majors: ever formally changed MAJCHGFQ Education_Program Majors: frequency of formally changed MAJORS Education_Program Field of study/major (detailed) MAJORS12 Education_Program Field of study: undergraduate MAJORS23 Education_Program Field of study: undergraduate (23 categories) MAJORS2Y Education_Program Field of study: undergraduate (11 categories) MAJORS4 Education_Program Field of study/major (detailed CIP codes)





Variable name Prefix Variable label MAJORS4Y Education_Program Field of study: undergraduate (10 categories) MAJORSGR Education_Program Graduate field of study (9 cat) MAJORSMT Education_Program SMART grant-eligible majors PROGSTAT Education_Program Completed degree program in 2007-2008 STEMMAJ Education_Program Major field of study with a focus on STEM fields UGDEG Education_Program Undergraduate degree program UGDEGAA Education_Program Associate degree type UGLVL1 Education_Program Class level UGLVL2 Education_Program Class level (for loans) ATTENDA Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: complete associate’s degree ATTENDB Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: complete undergraduate certificate or

degree ATTENDC Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: earn course credits at a different school ATTENDD Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: gain job or occupational skills ATTENDE Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: prepare for job certification or license ATTENDF Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: prepare to transfer ATTENDG Education_Reasons_School_Choice Reason enrolled: solely for personal interest ATTENDMR Education_Reasons_School_Choice Main reason for attending NPSAS TEACTDER Education_Tests ACT derived composite score TESATDER Education_Tests SAT derived combined score TESATMDE Education_Tests SAT derived math score TESATVDE Education_Tests SAT derived verbal score TETOOK Education_Tests Took SAT or ACT exams TRANCRD Education_Transfer Ever transfer credits to NPSAS DISTWK Employment_While_Enrolled Job: distance from NPSAS school to work JOBAFFOR Employment_While_Enrolled Job: can afford school without working (student) JOBCLASS Employment_While_Enrolled Job: related to coursework (non-degree) JOBEARN Employment_While_Enrolled Job: earnings from work while enrolled (excl work-

study/assistantship) JOBEARN2 Employment_While_Enrolled Earnings from work while enrolled (include work-

study/assistantship) JOBEFFA Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: helped with career preparation (student) JOBEFFB Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: helped with class work (student) JOBEFFC Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: limited access to campus facilities

(student) JOBEFFD Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: limited the class schedule (student) JOBEFFE Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: limited the number of classes (student) JOBEFFF Employment_While_Enrolled Job affects school: restricted choice of classes (student) JOBEFFGR Employment_While_Enrolled Job: effect on grades (student) JOBEMPL Employment_While_Enrolled Job: type of employer JOBENR Employment_While_Enrolled Work intensity while enrolled (exclude work-

study/assistantship) JOBENR2 Employment_While_Enrolled Work intensity while enrolled (include work-

study/assistantship) JOBHOUR Employment_While_Enrolled Job: hours worked per week (excluding work-

study/assistantship) JOBHOUR2 Employment_While_Enrolled Hours worked per week (include work-study/assistantship) JOBMAJOR Employment_While_Enrolled Job: related to major (degree) JOBNUM Employment_While_Enrolled Job: number (exclude work-study/assistantship)





Variable name Prefix Variable label JOBNUM2 Employment_While_Enrolled Number of jobs (include work-study/assistantship) JOBONOFF Employment_While_Enrolled Job: located primarily on or off campus JOBPRIOR Employment_While_Enrolled Job: have job prior to enrollment at NPSAS school JOBROLE Employment_While_Enrolled Job: primary role as student or employee (excl work-

study/assistant) JOBROLE2 Employment_While_Enrolled Primary role as student or employee (include work-

study/assistantship) JOBRSNA Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: earn spending money JOBRSNB Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: gain job experience JOBRSNC Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: minimize debt JOBRSND Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: parents’ expectations JOBRSNE Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: pay educational expenses JOBRSNF Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: pay living expenses JOBRSNG Employment_While_Enrolled Reason for working: to send money home JOBTYPE Employment_While_Enrolled Job: type of job JOBTYPE2 Employment_While_Enrolled Type of job student had (include work-study/assistantship) JOBWEEK Employment_While_Enrolled Job: weeks worked while enrolled SJASST Employment_While_Enrolled School job: assistantship SJCOMSER Employment_While_Enrolled Work-study job: community service project SJEARN Employment_While_Enrolled School job: total earnings SJHOURS Employment_While_Enrolled School job: hours worked per week (work-

study/assistantship) SJMAJOR Employment_While_Enrolled School job: related to major or coursework SJONOFF Employment_While_Enrolled School job: located primarily on or off campus SJSCHOOL Employment_While_Enrolled School job: for NPSAS or another institution/organization SJTUTOR Employment_While_Enrolled Work-study job: literacy education or tutoring SJWEEK Employment_While_Enrolled School job: weeks worked SJWKST Employment_While_Enrolled School job: work-study job HOMEPAR Finances_Assets Parents own home or pay mortgage HOMESTUD Finances_Assets Student owns home or pays mortgage OWNINVPA Finances_Assets Parents own investments, business or farm over $10,000 OWNINVST Finances_Assets Student owns investments, business or farm over $10,000 CRBALDUE Finances_Debt_Other Credit cards: balance due on all credit cards CRNUMCRD Finances_Debt_Other Credit cards: number of credit cards in own name CRPARPAY Finances_Debt_Other Credit cards: parents help pay credit card bills CRPAYOFF Finances_Debt_Other Credit cards: pay off or carry balance MNTRENT Finances_Debt_Other Monthly mortgage/rent amount CAGI Finances_Income Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) CINCOME Finances_Income Total income-parents and independent (continuous) DEPINC Finances_Income Dependent parent income DSTUINC Finances_Income Dependent student income (cont) FEDBEN Finances_Income Received federal benefit: any FEDBENA Finances_Income Received federal benefit: Food Stamp Benefit FEDBENB Finances_Income Received federal benefit: Free/Reduced Price School Lunch

Benefits FEDBENC Finances_Income Received federal benefit: Supplemental Security Income

Benefits FEDBEND Finances_Income Received federal benefit: TANF Benefits FEDBENE Finances_Income Received federal benefit: WIC Benefits INCOME Finances_Income Total income by dependency





Variable name Prefix Variable label INCOMEG Finances_Income Total income of graduate students (categorical) INCOMST Finances_Income Earnings in 2007 INDEPINC Finances_Income Independent student and spouse income JOBSAVE Finances_Income Amount saved from summer 2007 earnings JOBSUMMR Finances_Income Worked during summer 2007 PCT6D Finances_Income Dependent student income quartiles for 6 states PCT6I Finances_Income Independent student income quartiles for 6 states PCTALL Finances_Income Income percentile rank for all students PCTDEP Finances_Income Income percentile dependent students PCTINDEP Finances_Income Income percentile independent students PCTPOV Finances_Income Income percent of poverty level PFEDBEN Finances_Income Dependent student parents number of federal benefits PFEDTAX Finances_Income Dependent student parents federal tax paid PTAXFILE Finances_Income Dependent student parents federal tax filed SFEDBEN Finances_Income Independent student number of federal benefits SFEDTAX Finances_Income Independent student federal tax paid SPSINC Finances_Income Independent student spouse income (cont) STAXFILE Finances_Income Independent student federal tax filed UNTAXBF Finances_Income Received untaxed benefits in 2007 UNTAXBFA Finances_Income Received untaxed benefits: child support UNTAXBFB Finances_Income Received untaxed benefits: disability payments UNTAXBFC Finances_Income Received untaxed benefits: worker’s compensation ATTNINST Institution_Characteristics Institution type and full-time status ENRLSIZE Institution_Characteristics Enrollment size at NPSAS institution DISTHOME Institution_Location Distance from NPSAS school to home INSTSTSE Institution_Location States with representative samples in NPSAS SAMESTAT Institution_Location Attend institution in state of legal residence HBCU Institution_Other Historical Black college indicator INSTSAST Institution_Other NPSAS institution representative sample states INSTSTAT Institution_Other NPSAS institution state OBEREG Institution_Other NPSAS institution region OCRHSI Institution_Other Hispanic-serving institution SELECTV2 Institution_Other Selectivity (4-year institutions) BUDGETAJ Institution_Price Student budget (attendance adjusted) BUDNONAJ Institution_Price Non-tuition expense budget (attendance adjusted) CSTBKS Institution_Price Cost of books and supplies (student reported) CSTCMPTR Institution_Price Cost of special equipment (student reported) INJURIS Institution_Price Tuition jurisdiction (in/out of area) TUITION2 Institution_Price Tuition and fees paid ADMCON1 Institution_Type Admission considerations: secondary school GPA ADMCON2 Institution_Type Admission considerations: secondary school rank ADMCON3 Institution_Type Admission considerations: secondary school record ADMCON4 Institution_Type Admission considerations: completion of college-preparatory

program ADMCON5 Institution_Type Admission considerations: Recommendations ADMCON6 Institution_Type Admission considerations: formal demonstration of

competencies ADMCON7 Institution_Type Admission considerations: admission test scores





Variable name Prefix Variable label ADMCON8 Institution_Type Admission considerations: TOEFL ADMCON9 Institution_Type Other Test (Wonderlic, WISC III, etc) AIDCTRL Institution_Type Institution control (with multiple) AIDLEVL Institution_Type Institution level (with multiple) AIDSECT Institution_Type Institution sector (with multiple) AIDSECTG Institution_Type Institution type - graduate (with multiple) CALSYS Institution_Type Institution calendar system CASEGMNT Institution_Type California institution segments CC2000 Institution_Type Carnegie code (2000) for NPSAS institution CC2000A Institution_Type Carnegie code (2000) with control CC2000B Institution_Type Carnegie categories (modified 2000) with control CC2005B Institution_Type Carnegie-Basic classification CC2005C Institution_Type Carnegie-Basic classification collapsed CC2005E Institution_Type Carnegie-Enrollment profile CC2005G Institution_Type Carnegie-Graduate instructional program CC2005P Institution_Type Carnegie-Undergraduate instructional program CC2005S Institution_Type Carnegie-Size and setting CC2005U Institution_Type Carnegie-Undergraduate profile CLOCK Institution_Type Clock hour or credit hour institution CNTLAFFI Institution_Type Institutional control of affiliation CONTROL Institution_Type NPSAS institution control FPOFFER Institution_Type First-professional degree program offered GASECTOR Institution_Type Georgia institution sectors GPASCALE Institution_Type GPA scale HLOFFER Institution_Type Highest level of offering at NPSAS institution LEVEL Institution_Type NPSAS institution level LOCALE Institution_Type Degree of urbanization NYSECTOR Institution_Type New York institution sectors PCTMIN1 Institution_Type Percent enrolled: black, non-Hispanic PCTMIN2 Institution_Type Percent enrolled: American Indian/Alaskan Native PCTMIN3 Institution_Type Percent enrolled: Asian/Pacific Islander PCTMIN4 Institution_Type Percent enrolled: Hispanic PGMSEC Institution_Type Graduate program and institution type SECTOR1 Institution_Type Institution type SECTOR4 Institution_Type Institution sector (4 with multiple) SECTOR9 Institution_Type NPSAS institution type PAREDUC Parent_Education Parent’s highest education level PDADED Parent_Education Father’s highest education level PMOMED Parent_Education Mother’s highest education level ORPHAN Parent_Family Orphan or ward of court PARBORN Parent_Family Born in the U.S. (parents) PFAMNUM Parent_Family Family size (dependent) PINCOL Parent_Family Number of family members in college (dependent) PMARITAL Parent_Family Marital status (parents) SIBINCOL Parent_Family Have siblings in college COMHOUR Public Service_Participation Community service: number of hours volunteered per month COMHSRQ Public Service_Participation Community service: required in high school COMHSVL Public Service_Participation Community service: voluntary in high school





Variable name Prefix Variable label COMNUM Public Service_Participation Community service -number of activities COMONE Public Service_Participation Community service: one time event COMREQ Public Service_Participation Community service: required or part of program COMSERV Public Service_Participation Community service: volunteered in last 12 months COMSERVA Public Service_Participation Community service type: fundraising COMSERVB Public Service_Participation Community service type: health services COMSERVC Public Service_Participation Community service type: homeless shelter or soup kitchen COMSERVD Public Service_Participation Community service type: neighborhood improvement COMSERVE Public Service_Participation Community service type: non-education-related work with

kids COMSERVF Public Service_Participation Community service type: service to church COMSERVG Public Service_Participation Community service type: tutoring or education-related COMSERVX Public Service_Participation Community service type: other MILTYPE Public Service_Participation Military type VETERAN Public Service_Participation Veteran status VOTEEVER Public Service_Participation Vote: ever voted VOTEREG Public Service_Participation Vote: registered to vote FINSPRT Support_Others Other financial support received FINSPRTA Support_Others Other financial support: housing costs FINSPRTB Support_Others Other financial support: living expenses FINSPRTC Support_Others Other financial support: other education FINSPRTD Support_Others Other financial support: tuition and fees PARHELA Support_Parents Help from parents: housing PARHELB Support_Parents Help from parents: other educational expenses PARHELC Support_Parents Help from parents: other living expenses PARHELD Support_Parents Help from parents: tuition and fees PARHELN Support_Parents Help from parents: number of types PARHELT Support_Parents Help from parents: tuition and nontuition COMPTO87 Survey_Sample Comparable to 1987 NPSAS ZRID Survey_Sample NPSAS Case ID WTA000 Survey_Weights Cumulative Weight

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report J-1

Appendix J Generalized Exponential Model Adjustment

Procedure


Appendix J. Generalized Exponential Model Adjustment Procedure


Weight adjustments were computed according to the WTADJUST procedure, a new procedure in SUDAAN Release 10 (RTI International 2008). The WTADJUST procedure uses a generalized exponential model (GEM) to compute weight adjustments, at adjustment step j for individual i having the following form,

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

λ−+−

λ−+−=λα

jjijijijijiji

jjijijijijijijijijijjiji 'xAexplccu

'xAexplcuculm)(m ,

where

jiα represents the weight adjustment factor computed by GEM after the weight trimming step;

jim represents the weight trimming factors computed before the jλ parameters of the GEM model are estimated;

jil and jiu represent lower and upper bounds, respectively, on jiα ;

jic represents the prespecified centering constants used to establish a center point for the model, such that jijiji ucl << ;

jix represents the covariate vectors;

( )( )/ji ji ji ji ji ji jiA u l u c c l= − − − gives the scale factors; and

jλ represents the model parameters estimated during the GEM procedure.1

The p-dimensional parameter vector

jλ is estimated by solving

( )∑∈

=−λαAi

xjjijijiji Tmwx 0 ,

where jiw are the input weights, xT is a control total vector, and A is the set of individuals whose

weights are being adjusted. For nonresponse adjustments, ∑∈

=Ai

jijix wxT , a vector of the weighted

sums for each covariate. For poststratification adjustments, xT is the control total vector. The final weight adjustments are the products of the trimming adjustments jim and the weight adjustment

factors jiα .

The GEM procedure used for institution and student weight adjustments was similar, with the exception that weight trimming was done only during the student poststratification adjustment procedure. The institution weights are incorporated into the student weights (see chapter 6). The summary of the institution GEM adjustment factors is given in section 6.1.3. The summary of the

1 To see the relationship to a logit model, let the lower bound lji equal 1, let the centering constant cji equal 2, and let the upper bound uji go to infinity. In the limit there is aji = 1 + exp(xji´λj), a logit model in which aji is the reciprocal of a response probability.


J-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

student GEM adjustment factors is given in section 6.2.3. The details of the GEM adjustment process are described below.

Defining the lower and upper bounds of the weight adjustments helps control the variability of the final adjusted weights. This process decreases the potentially harmful effect of weight adjustments on the precision of the estimates. SUDAAN allows the user to place lower and upper bounds on the sample weight adjustments, bounds that can be defined both for subpopulations and for individual subjects. Another method of controlling the weight variability is to reduce the number of explanatory variables in the model. An acceptable balance must be determined between the upper and lower bounds on the weight adjustments and the number of explanatory variables included in the GEM model.

On the basis of the unequal weighting effect, the weight adjustment bounds were determined sufficient to control the variability of the weight adjustments without reducing the variables in the model. All sample members had the same weight bounds, with one exception. Less than five sample members required a specified upper bound on the weight adjustment because, otherwise, the magnitude of the final weight would be extreme, even after the trimming for extreme weights described below. The bounds were tightened as much as possible while model conversion was also achieved.

Weight trimming was performed only for the student poststratification weight adjustment. Trimming weights only once rather than during each adjustment was more efficient and yielded similar results. Individuals were first partitioned into subpopulations. The subpopulations for student weights were defined by the 748-level cross of the 46-level institutional strata and the 20 student sampling strata.2

For each subpopulation, individuals were then further partitioned into extreme weight groups: low-extreme, normal, and high-extreme. This partitioning was accomplished with a standard nonparametric approach to outlier detection based on the interquartile range. Within subpopulation k for k = 1, . . . , 748, the interquartile range, IQRk, is as follows:

These strata were used in the sampling design, as outlined in section 2.1.1; therefore, grouping similar weights together was appropriate.

,75 ,25ˆ ˆ

jk jk jkIQR P P= − ,

the difference of the estimated 75th and 25th percentiles (the third and first quartiles). With ,50ˆ

jkP ,

the estimated subpopulation k sample median, outlier bounds 1 2,jk jkb b were computed, where

jkjkjk IQRPb 3ˆ50,1 −=

and

jkjkjk IQRPb 3ˆ50,2 +=

2 A total of 920 subpopulations was the number of possible combinations of all 46 institutional strata and all 20 student strata. Some combinations were excluded because it was not possible for students to be in those subpopulations; for example, less-than-2-year and 2-year institutions had no graduate/first-professional students. The final number of subpopulations for student weights was 748.



and the weights in subpopulation k could then be grouped: wji is considered low-extreme if

wji < jk1 , b wji is considered high-extreme if wji > jk 2b , and wji is considered normal, otherwise.

The individual i bounds-adjustment multiple, mji , is then obtained as follows:

jim = ji

jkwb 1 if jiw is low-extreme,

= 1 if jiw is normal,

and

= ji

jkwb 2 if jiw is high-extreme;

therefore, 1jim > for low-extreme weights, and 1jim < for high-extreme weights. Trimmed weights

are obtained by multiplying the trim factor by the initial weight ( jiji wm ). The trimming factor jim

forces the trimmed weight jiji wm to equal the low-extreme bound for low-extreme weights and to equal the high-extreme bound for high-extreme weights. This step increased the lower bound for low-extreme weights and decreased the upper bound for high-extreme weights.

For all weight adjustments, jim = 1, with the exception of student poststratification. About 2,830 (2.2 percent) of the 127,700 study respondent weights before poststratification were determined to be low-extreme, while 3,690 (2.9 percent) were determined to be high-extreme. After trimming, GEM was used to compute the weight adjustment factors jiα . The final weight adjustments were calculated as the product of the trimming factors and the weight adjustment factors. Subject to all of the above constraints, the weight adjustment bounds used in adjusting the initial weights are provided in table J-1.

As mentioned, GEM adjustment for nonresponse and poststratification differs by choice of covariate vector jix and the composition of control total vector xT . For nonresponse adjustment,

the components of jix are the predictors of nonresponse. Vector xT is, in this case, the full sample

(respondents and nonrespondents) weight totals for the levels of the predictors in jix . Solution of

the equation ( )∑∈

=−λαAi

xjjijijiji Tmwx 0 is then equivalent to finding the jλ for which

( ) xAi

jjijijiji Tmwx =λα∑∈

where A is the set of all respondents. That is, the lambda (λj) is found

such that its associated adjustments have the property that sums of adjusted weights for respondents equal sums of the current weights over the entire sample. Because nonrespondents have adjusted weights set equal to zero, it is then also true that, over all sampled individuals, sums of adjusted weights equal those of current weights.

For poststratification adjustment, the components of jix are the levels of the selected variables for which population-level control totals are available (see section 6.1.3 for institutions and 6.2.3 for students). In these cases, vector xT contains these control totals. The resulting weights have been adjusted to preserve the totals.


J-6 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Table J-1. Bounds and centering constants for weight adjustment for each generalized exponential model adjustment step: 2008

Adjustment step

Lower bounds Centering

constant

Upper bounds Low-

extreme Normal High-

extreme Low-

extreme Normal High-

extreme Institution weight adjustments

Nonresponse adjustment 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.11 1.96 1.96 1.96 Poststratification adjustment 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.58 1.58 1.58

Student weight adjustments

Location adjustment 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.03 5.66 5.66 5.66 Other nonresponse

adjustment 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.03 5.32 5.32 5.32 Poststratification adjustment 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.00 18.50 18.5 18.5

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

J.1 Appendix J References RTI International. (2008). SUDAAN User’s Manual, Release 10.0. Research Triangle Park, NC:

Author.

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report K-1

Appendix K Nonresponse Bias Analysis


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Table K-1. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for private not-for-profit less-than-4-year institutions: 2008

Variable

Before nonresponse adjustment

After nonresponse adjustment

Unweighted respondents

Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias

Overall mean, before adjustments

Overall mean, after

adjustments Estimated

bias Relative

bias Carnegie classification code

Associate's 10 # 45.86 23.48 3.43 8.09 42.54 43.04 −0.50 −1.18 Research and doctoral † † † † † † † † † † Master's † † † † † † † † † † Baccalaureate † † † † † † † † † † Special focus and other # # 22.05 # # # 18.78 23.36 −4.58 −24.41 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown 10 # 32.09 76.52 −6.82 −17.53 38.69 33.60 5.08 13.14

Degree of urbanization

Large city 10 # 30.57 59.26 −4.40 −12.59 34.83 28.79 6.04 17.34 Mid-sized city † † † † † † † † † † Small city # # 1.22 # # # 1.04 0.87 0.17 16.26 Large suburb # # 37.14 17.25 3.05 8.95 34.18 38.25 −4.07 −11.91 Mid-sized suburb † † † † † † † † † † Small suburb † † † † † † † † † † Urban area on fringe of town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area on fringe of town # # 9.02 23.48 −2.22 −19.73 11.17 8.73 2.45 21.89 Rural area distant from town # # 22.05 # # # 18.78 23.36 −4.58 −24.41 Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-1. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for private not-for-profit less-than-4-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Bureau of Economic Analysis Code

(Office of Business Economics) region2

New England † † † † † † † † † † Mid East # # 35.10 59.26 −3.71 −9.56 38.69 34.23 4.45 11.51 Great Lakes # # 14.74 # # # 12.55 15.06 −2.51 −20.01 Plains # # 18.97 # # # 16.16 19.47 −3.31 −20.52 Southeast # # 11.11 17.25 −0.94 −7.82 12.03 12.40 −0.37 −3.11 Southwest † † † † † † † † † † Rocky Mountains † † † † † † † † † † Far West # # 14.41 23.48 −1.39 −8.81 15.76 12.98 2.78 17.61 Outlying Areas # # 5.67 # # # 4.83 5.85 −1.03 −21.29

Historically Black College or

University Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 20 # 100.00 82.75 2.65 2.72 97.44 100.00 −2.56 −2.63 Unavailable or unknown # # # 17.25 −2.65 −100.00 2.56 † † †

Hispanic serving Institution

Yes # # 2.32 # # # 1.97 2.11 −0.14 −7.10 No 20 # 97.68 100.00 −0.36 −0.36 98.03 97.89 0.14 0.14

Percent receiving federal grant aid

0 < percent ≤ 56 # # 20.05 59.26 −6.02 −23.08 25.88 19.91 5.97 23.06 56 < percent ≤ 68 # # 35.23 23.48 1.80 5.39 33.48 33.19 0.30 0.89

68 percent ≤ 87 # # 29.15 17.25 1.83 6.68 27.38 29.52 −2.13 −7.79 87 < percent # # 15.57 # # # 13.25 17.39 −4.13 −31.19


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent receiving state/local grant

aid

0 < percent ≤ 1 # # 18.84 17.25 0.24 1.31 18.60 18.33 0.27 1.47 1 < percent ≤ 33 # # 30.81 23.48 1.12 3.79 29.72 32.06 −2.34 −7.87 33 percent ≤ 60 # # 18.39 59.26 −6.27 −25.44 24.46 18.28 6.18 25.26 60 < percent # # 31.97 # # # 27.22 31.33 −4.11 −15.11

Percent receiving institutional grant

aid

percent = 0 10 # 24.39 # #1 # 20.77 26.09 −5.33 −25.64

0 < percent ≤ 11 # # 11.61 17.25 −0.87 −6.93 12.45 9.98 2.47 19.85

11 < percent ≤ 50 # # 22.17 23.48 −0.20 −0.90 22.36 21.91 0.45 2.03

50 < percent # # 41.83 59.26 −2.68 −6.01 44.42 42.02 2.40 5.40 Percent receiving student loan aid

0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 31.55 # #1 # 26.87 32.27 −5.40 −20.12

1 < percent ≤ 57 10 # 29.22 # #1 # 24.88 29.20 −4.31 −17.34

57 < percent ≤ 80 # # 35.30 17.25 2.77 8.51 32.62 36.06 −3.44 −10.54

80 < percent # # 3.92 82.75 −12.101 −75.53 15.63 2.47 13.16 84.18 Percent enrolled: Black, non-

Hispanic

percent = 0 # # 22.66 17.25 0.83 3.80 21.86 23.91 −2.05 −9.38

0 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 23.92 # # # 20.36 22.59 −2.22 −10.92

3 < percent ≤ 14 # # 16.77 82.75 −10.121 −37.64 26.57 15.91 10.67 40.14

14 < percent # # 36.65 # # # 31.21 37.60 −6.39 −20.48


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent enrolled: Asian or Pacific

Islander

percent = 0 10 # 27.72 17.25 1.61 6.15 26.17 29.21 −3.05 −11.65

0 percent ≤ 1 # # 19.35 59.26 −6.13 −24.05 25.28 18.78 6.49 25.68

1 < percent ≤ 12 10 # 42.43 # #1 # 36.13 43.01 −6.88 −19.04

12 < percent # # 10.50 23.48 −1.99 −15.94 12.43 9.00 3.44 27.64 Percent enrolled: Hispanic

0 < percent ≤ 2 # # 33.71 59.26 −3.92 −10.42 37.51 34.53 2.98 7.94

2 < percent ≤ 11 10 # 43.15 # #1 # 36.74 43.19 −6.45 −17.57

11 < percent ≤ 93 # # 9.02 40.74 −4.87 −35.06 13.73 8.26 5.47 39.85

93 < percent # # 14.13 # # # 12.03 14.02 −1.99 −16.58 Total undergraduate enrollment3

0 < number ≤ 323 # # 58.20 17.25 6.28 12.10 52.12 60.30 −8.18 −15.70

323 < number ≤ 825 # # 26.98 59.26 −4.95 −15.52 31.77 26.74 5.03 15.83

825 < number ≤ 1,385 # # 9.77 23.48 −2.10 −17.71 11.81 8.43 3.38 28.61

1,385 < number # # 5.05 # # # 4.30 4.53 −0.23 −5.24 Total male undergraduate

enrollment3

0 < number ≤ 89 # # 49.52 76.52 −4.14 −7.72 53.53 50.35 3.18 5.94

89 < number ≤ 230 10 # 33.23 # #1 0.00 28.29 34.61 −6.32 −22.32

230 < number ≤ 464 # # 12.20 23.48 −1.73 −12.42 13.88 10.52 3.36 24.23

464 < number # # 5.05 # # # 4.30 4.53 −0.23 −5.24


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Total female undergraduate

enrollment3

0 < number ≤ 169 10 # 38.61 # #1 # 32.88 40.85 −7.98 −24.26

169 < number ≤ 378 # # 39.65 76.52 −5.66 −12.49 45.13 39.24 5.88 13.04

378 < number ≤ 811 # # 14.93 23.48 −1.31 −8.08 16.20 14.76 1.44 8.91

811 < number # # 6.80 # # # 5.79 5.14 0.65 11.20

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 New England = Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; Mid East = Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; Great Lakes = Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin; Plains = Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota; Southeast = Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia; Southwest = Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; Rocky Mountains = Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming; Far West = California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington; Outlying Areas = Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Alaska and Hawaii were reclassified from the West to the Outlying Areas for the purposes of NPSAS. 3 Undergraduate enrollment categories were defined by quartiles. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-2. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for private for-profit less-than-2-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's # # 0.33 # # # 0.26 0.24 0.02 7.26 Research and doctoral † † † † † † † † † † Master's † † † † † † † † † † Baccalaureate † † † † † † † † † † Special focus and other † † † † † † † † † † Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown 70 20 99.67 100.00 −0.06 −0.06 99.74 99.76 −0.02 −0.02


Large city 30 # 29.75 40.52 −2.04 −6.43 32.25 31.39 0.85 2.65 Mid-sized city 10 # 7.34 1.19 1.17 18.89 5.91 6.43 −0.52 −8.76 Small city 10 # 16.46 7.04 1.79 12.18 14.28 15.84 −1.56 −10.93 Large suburb 20 10 25.82 38.74 −2.45 −8.67 28.82 23.80 5.02 17.41 Mid-sized suburb # # † † † † † † † † Small suburb # # 11.86 # # # 9.11 13.40 −4.30 −47.18 Urban area on fringe of town # # † † † † † † † † Urban area distant from town # # 5.87 # # # 4.51 6.78 −2.26 −50.19 Urban area remote from town # # † † † † † † † † Rural area on fringe of town # # 2.90 12.51 −1.82 −38.59 5.13 2.36 2.77 53.94 Rural area distant from town # # † † † † † † † † Rural area remote from town # # † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown # # † † † † † † † †


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Table K-2. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for private for-profit less-than-2-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Bureau of Economic Analysis Code

(Office of Business Economics) region2

New England # 10 5.35 11.26 −1.12 −17.33 6.72 4.80 1.92 28.52 Mid East 10 # 12.18 30.31 −3.44 −22.02 16.39 11.43 4.95 30.21 Great Lakes 10 # 17.38 15.43 0.37 2.17 16.93 19.45 −2.52 −14.86 Plains # # 3.27 # # # 2.51 2.65 −0.14 −5.48 Southeast 20 # 34.77 # #1 # 26.71 37.86 −11.151 −41.75 Southwest 10 # 8.16 17.41 −1.76 −17.71 10.30 8.01 2.29 22.27 Rocky Mountains # # 0.46 # # # 0.36 0.36 −0.01 −1.96 Far West 10 # 11.97 25.59 −2.59 −17.76 15.13 10.58 4.55 30.08 Outlying Areas 10 # 6.45 # #1 # 4.95 4.85 0.10 2.05


University Yes # # † † † † † † † † No 70 20 97.72 100.00 −0.43 −0.44 98.25 97.52 0.72 0.74 Unavailable or unknown # # 2.28 # # # 1.75 2.48 −0.72 −41.18

Hispanic serving Institution

Yes # # 0.33 # # # 0.26 0.24 0.02 7.26 No 70 20 99.67 100.00 −0.06 −0.06 99.74 99.76 −0.02 −0.02


0 < percent ≤ 58 20 10 35.68 24.30 2.16 6.44 33.04 36.04 −3.00 −9.07 58 < percent ≤ 74 20 # 26.30 30.75 −0.84 −3.11 27.33 26.08 1.25 4.57 74, < percent ≤ 83 20 10 15.59 24.07 −1.61 −9.35 17.56 14.25 3.30 18.82 83 < percent 20 # 21.74 20.88 0.16 0.76 21.54 23.10 −1.56 −7.23 Unavailable or unknown # # 0.68 # # # 0.53 0.53 # −0.01


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent receiving state/local grant

aid percent = 0 40 10 63.23 63.42 −0.04 −0.06 63.28 65.99 −2.71 −4.28 0 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 8.19 2.47 1.09 15.29 6.86 7.53 −0.67 −9.81 3 < percent 20 # 27.89 34.11 −1.18 −4.06 29.34 25.96 3.38 11.52 Unavailable or unknown # # 0.68 # # # 0.53 0.53 # −0.01


aid percent = 0 50 10 70.31 61.88 1.60 2.33 68.36 71.27 −2.91 −4.26 0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 3.14 23.94 −3.95 −55.70 7.96 2.90 5.06 63.60 1 < percent 20 # 25.86 14.18 2.22 9.38 23.16 25.31 −2.15 −9.29 Unavailable or unknown # # 0.68 # # # 0.53 0.53 # −0.01

Percent receiving student loan aid

0 < percent ≤ 50 20 # 33.88 19.32 2.76 8.88 30.50 33.15 −2.65 −8.70 50 < percent ≤ 73 20 10 26.68 33.64 −1.32 −4.71 28.30 25.70 2.60 9.18 73 < percent ≤ 85 20 # 18.40 23.93 −1.05 −5.40 19.69 17.96 1.72 8.74 85 < percent 20 10 20.35 23.11 −0.52 −2.51 20.99 22.66 −1.67 −7.94 Unavailable or unknown # # 0.68 # # # 0.53 0.53 # −0.01

Percent enrolled: Black, non-

Hispanic 0 < percent ≤ 3 20 # 29.84 31.88 −0.39 −1.28 30.31 28.07 2.24 7.39 3, < percent ≤ 15 20 10 25.63 38.64 −2.47 −8.79 28.64 25.81 2.83 9.88 15, < percent ≤ 46 20 10 27.11 8.36 3.561 15.11 22.76 26.34 −3.58 −15.71 46 < percent 20 # 17.42 21.12 −0.70 −3.88 18.28 19.77 −1.49 −8.17


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent enrolled: Asian or Pacific

Islander percent = 0 30 10 51.03 77.11 −4.951 −8.84 57.08 53.63 3.45 6.04 0 < percent ≤ 1 20 # 14.20 10.80 0.64 4.75 13.41 13.03 0.38 2.80 1 < percent ≤ 2 10 # 17.95 3.70 2.70 17.74 14.64 19.01 −4.37 −29.83 2 < percent 20 # 16.83 8.39 1.60 10.52 14.87 14.33 0.54 3.66

Percent enrolled: Hispanic

0 < percent ≤ 2 20 10 38.29 35.97 0.44 1.17 37.75 38.76 −1.00 −2.65 2 < percent ≤ 15 20 10 31.27 22.61 1.64 5.55 29.26 33.90 −4.63 −15.83 15 < percent ≤ 46 20 # 10.73 17.02 −1.19 −10.02 12.19 9.86 2.33 19.13 46 < percent 20 # 19.71 24.40 −0.89 −4.32 20.79 17.49 3.30 15.89

Total undergraduate enrollment3

0 < number ≤ 288 20 10 57.53 68.12 −2.01 −3.37 59.99 62.83 −2.85 −4.74 288 < number ≤ 638 20 10 24.47 20.57 0.74 3.12 23.56 21.42 2.14 9.10 638 < number ≤ 1,273 20 # 12.00 4.50 1.42 13.45 10.26 10.22 0.04 0.39 1,273 < number 20 # 6.00 6.81 −0.15 −2.48 6.19 5.53 0.66 10.70

Total male undergraduate

enrollment3 0 < number ≤ 28 20 10 47.68 64.44 −3.18 −6.26 51.56 49.57 1.99 3.87 28 < number ≤ 85 20 10 29.40 11.80 3.34 12.82 25.32 30.31 −4.99 −19.70 85 < number ≤ 257 20 # 15.22 19.59 −0.83 −5.17 16.23 13.26 2.97 18.30 257 < number 20 # 7.70 4.17 0.67 9.53 6.88 6.86 0.02 0.33


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


enrollment3 0 < number ≤ 192 20 10 48.55 70.86 −4.23 −8.02 53.72 54.50 −0.78 −1.44 192 < number ≤ 454 20 # 32.18 15.66 3.14 10.79 28.35 28.97 −0.62 −2.17 454 < number ≤ 846 20 10 11.50 10.84 0.13 1.11 11.35 9.78 1.57 13.85 846 < number 20 # 7.77 2.64 0.97 14.32 6.58 6.76 −0.18 −2.75

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 New England = Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; Mid East = Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; Great Lakes = Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin; Plains = Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota; Southeast = Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia; Southwest = Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; Rocky Mountains = Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming; Far West = California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington; Outlying Areas = Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Alaska and Hawaii were reclassified from the West to the Outlying Areas for the purposes of NPSAS. 3 Undergraduate enrollment categories were defined by quartiles. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-3. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for California public 2-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's 60 10 100.00 100.00 # # 100.00 100.00 # # Research and doctoral † † † † † † † † † † Master's † † † † † † † † † † Baccalaureate † † † † † † † † † † Special focus and other † † † † † † † † † † Non-degree granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


Large city 20 # 18.01 13.64 0.72 4.16 17.28 18.03 −0.75 −4.37 Mid-sized city 10 # 16.28 12.12 0.68 4.38 15.58 16.26 −0.68 −4.35 Small city 10 # 6.44 14.50 −1.33 −17.08 7.80 6.20 1.60 20.49 Large suburb 10 # 14.21 22.37 −1.34 −8.64 15.58 15.08 0.50 3.19 Mid-sized suburb # # 3.65 12.48 −1.45 −28.49 5.13 4.73 0.40 7.83 Small suburb # # 1.67 # # # 1.39 1.53 −0.14 −10.04 Urban area on fringe of town # # 1.77 # # # 1.47 1.79 −0.31 −21.29 Urban area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area remote from town # # 5.31 24.88 −3.22 −37.70 8.61 4.99 3.62 42.00 Rural area on fringe of town 10 # 23.16 # #1 # 19.26 22.58 −3.321 −17.25 Rural area distant from town # # 9.49 # # # 7.89 8.80 −0.90 −11.44 Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


University Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 60 10 100.00 100.00 # # 100.00 100.00 # # Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-3. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for California public 2-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Hispanic serving Institution

Yes 30 10 35.04 31.83 0.53 1.53 34.50 34.33 0.17 0.48 No 40 10 64.96 68.17 −0.53 −0.80 65.50 65.67 −0.17 −0.25


0 < percent ≤ 20 20 # 25.71 15.93 1.61 6.67 24.06 25.38 −1.32 −5.48 20 < percent ≤ 28 10 10 11.44 72.57 −10.051 −46.77 21.73 13.18 8.56 39.37 28 < percent ≤ 40 20 # 27.05 11.51 2.55 10.43 24.43 27.05 −2.62 −10.74 40 < percent 20 # 35.81 # #1 # 29.78 34.39 −4.611 −15.49

Percent receiving state/local grant aid

0< percent ≤ 33 20 # 21.66 15.93 0.94 4.55 20.70 21.37 −0.68 −3.27 33 < percent ≤ 47 10 10 18.24 35.35 −2.81 −13.35 21.12 21.08 0.04 0.20 47 < percent ≤ 58 10 # 23.22 48.72 −4.19 −15.29 27.51 22.91 4.60 16.72 58 < percent 20 # 36.88 # #1 # 30.66 34.63 −3.97 −12.94


aid percent = 0 20 10 33.54 33.10 0.07 0.21 33.46 33.17 0.30 0.89 0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 18.16 6.67 1.89 11.60 16.22 18.25 −2.03 −12.52 1 < percent ≤ 4 20 10 23.13 49.17 −4.28 −15.62 27.52 24.61 2.90 10.55 4 < percent 10 # 25.18 11.06 2.32 10.15 22.80 23.97 −1.17 −5.13


0 < percent ≤ 1 20 10 36.48 51.20 −2.42 −6.22 38.96 36.75 2.21 5.66 1 < percent ≤ 2 20 # 19.68 4.83 2.441 14.15 17.18 19.67 −2.48 −14.46 2 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 10.53 11.80 −0.21 −1.94 10.74 10.45 0.30 2.78 3 < percent 20 # 33.31 32.17 0.19 0.57 33.12 33.14 −0.02 −0.06


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent enrolled: Black, non-

Hispanic 0 < percent ≤ 3 20 # 25.25 24.61 0.11 0.42 25.14 24.15 0.99 3.95 3 < percent <6 20 # 27.03 41.51 −2.38 −8.09 29.47 27.95 1.52 5.16 6 < percent ≤ 10 10 # 27.76 9.67 2.97 12.00 24.72 26.89 −2.17 −8.79 10 < percent 10 # 19.95 24.21 −0.70 −3.39 20.67 21.01 −0.34 −1.64

Percent enrolled: Asian or Pacific

Islander 0 < percent ≤ 8 20 # 44.16 43.59 0.09 0.21 44.06 42.86 1.20 2.72 8 < percent ≤ 12 10 # 17.48 15.93 0.25 1.48 17.22 17.93 −0.71 −4.15 12 < percent ≤ 21 10 # 20.56 9.67 1.79 9.54 18.73 21.07 −2.34 −12.50 21 < percent 10 # 17.80 30.81 −2.14 −10.73 19.99 18.13 1.85 9.28


0 < percent ≤ 16 20 # 39.75 38.51 0.20 0.51 39.54 39.19 0.35 0.89 16 < percent ≤ 26 10 # 18.36 22.15 −0.62 −3.29 19.00 17.96 1.04 5.48 26 < percent ≤ 38 20 # 19.32 29.30 −1.64 −7.83 21.00 20.74 0.26 1.23 38 < percent 20 # 22.57 10.04 2.06 10.05 20.46 22.11 −1.65 −8.07


0 < number ≤ 15,182 20 # 49.06 37.21 1.95 4.13 47.07 48.16 −1.09 −2.33 15,182 < number ≤ 22,255 10 10 17.99 38.25 −3.33 −15.61 21.40 18.95 2.45 11.44 22,255 < number ≤ 31,816 20 # 17.12 14.87 0.37 2.21 16.74 16.92 −0.17 −1.04 31,816 < number 20 # 15.82 9.67 1.01 6.83 14.79 15.97 −1.18 −7.99


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 6,719 20 # 49.22 37.21 1.97 4.18 47.20 48.25 −1.05 −2.22 6,719 < number ≤ 10,036 10 10 17.50 36.48 −3.12 −15.14 20.69 18.58 2.11 10.20 10,036 < number ≤ 14,424 20 # 18.44 11.80 1.09 6.29 17.32 18.14 −0.82 −4.71 14,424 < number 20 # 14.84 14.50 0.06 0.38 14.79 15.03 −0.25 −1.67


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


enrollment3 0 <number ≤ 8,306 20 # 48.88 37.21 1.92 4.08 46.91 48.07 −1.15 −2.46 8,306 < number ≤ 11,928 10 10 19.47 32.02 −2.06 −9.58 21.59 20.25 1.33 6.18 11,928 < number ≤ 16,893 20 # 15.74 21.09 −0.88 −5.30 16.64 15.37 1.27 7.64 16,893 < number 20 # 15.91 9.67 1.03 6.89 14.86 16.31 −1.45 −9.77

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 Undergraduate enrollment categories were defined by quartiles. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-4. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for California private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's Research and doctoral 10 # 26.53 1.89 6.131 30.02 9.45 27.63 −18.18 −192.44 Master's 10 # 33.72 0.95 8.151 31.86 11.00 28.79 −17.79 −161.76 Baccalaureate # # 7.37 3.05 1.07 17.05 4.38 6.80 −2.43 −55.43 Special focus and other 10 # 32.37 94.11 −15.351 −32.16 75.18 36.78 38.401 51.07 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


Large city 10 # 35.17 3.78 7.801 28.52 13.41 37.95 −24.541 −183.07 Mid-sized city 10 # 27.32 80.69 −13.271 −32.69 64.32 26.06 38.26 59.49 Small city # # 4.65 # # # 1.42 3.68 −2.25 −158.03 Large suburb 10 # 30.73 13.43 4.30 16.28 18.73 30.75 −12.02 −64.16 Mid-sized suburb † † † † † † † † † † Small suburb † † † † † † † † † † Urban area on fringe of town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area on fringe of town # # 2.14 2.11 0.01 0.34 2.12 1.57 0.55 26.01 Rural area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


University Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 30 10 100.00 100.00 # # 100.00 100.00 # # Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-4. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for California private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Yes # # 10.85 0.95 2.46 29.36 3.98 11.92 −7.94 −199.27 No 30 10 89.15 99.05 −2.46 −2.69 96.02 88.08 7.94 8.27


0 < percent ≤ 13 10 # 15.61 0.95 3.651 30.47 5.44 14.52 −9.07 −166.66 13 < percent ≤ 20 10 # 19.07 2.84 4.041 26.85 7.81 16.40 −8.59 −109.92 20 < percent ≤ 25 10 # 16.82 # #1 # 5.16 17.93 −12.77 −247.65 25 < percent # # 17.82 15.53 0.57 3.30 16.24 20.51 −4.28 −26.36 Unavailable or unknown 10 # 30.67 80.69 −12.431 −28.84 65.35 30.63 34.71 53.12

Percent receiving state/local grant

aid 0 < percent ≤ 9 10 # 13.26 14.37 −0.28 −2.03 14.03 13.89 0.14 1.02 9 < percent ≤ 17 10 # 29.78 1.89 6.931 30.35 10.44 31.62 −21.18 −202.79 17 < percent ≤ 21 10 # 14.77 # #1 # 4.53 12.72 −8.19 −180.94 21 < percent 10 # 11.51 3.05 2.10 22.35 5.65 11.13 −5.49 −97.14 Unavailable or unknown 10 # 30.67 80.69 −12.431 −28.84 65.35 30.63 34.71 53.12


aid 0 < percent ≤ 46 10 # 13.72 2.84 2.71 24.57 6.17 13.18 −7.01 −113.47 46 < percent ≤ 69 10 # 18.74 13.43 1.32 7.58 15.05 18.16 −3.10 −20.61 69 < percent ≤ 87 10 # 27.02 # #1 # 8.28 29.46 −21.171 −255.57 87 < percent # # 9.85 3.05 1.69 20.71 5.14 8.57 −3.43 −66.84 Unavailable or unknown 10 # 30.67 80.69 −12.431 −28.84 65.35 30.63 34.71 53.12


0 < percent ≤ 33 10 # 15.40 1.89 3.361 27.89 6.03 15.04 −9.00 −149.20 33 < percent ≤ 54 10 # 26.31 0.95 6.311 31.52 8.72 24.16 −15.43 −176.94 54 < percent ≤ 62 # # 14.30 13.43 0.22 1.54 13.69 16.23 −2.54 −18.54 62 < percent 10 # 13.32 3.05 2.55 23.71 6.20 13.94 −7.74 −124.81 Unavailable or unknown 10 # 30.67 80.69 −12.431 −28.84 65.35 30.63 34.71 53.12


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Hispanic 0 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 25.44 83.74 −14.491 −36.30 65.86 26.32 39.54 60.03 3 < percent ≤ 5 10 # 43.05 1.89 10.231 31.18 14.51 42.19 −27.681 −190.72 5 < percent ≤ 6 # # 12.11 12.48 −0.09 −0.75 12.37 11.99 0.38 3.10 6 < percent 10 # 19.40 1.89 4.351 28.93 7.26 19.50 −12.24 −168.60


Islander 0 < percent ≤ 6 10 # 22.59 15.53 1.75 8.42 17.70 21.22 −3.52 −19.89 6 < percent ≤ 11 10 # 32.63 81.63 −12.181 −27.18 66.61 32.73 33.87 50.85 11 < percent ≤ 16 10 # 30.84 0.95 7.431 31.75 10.11 32.33 −22.221 −219.66 16 < percent 10 # 13.93 1.89 2.99 27.37 5.58 13.72 −8.13 −145.68

# Percent enrolled: Hispanic

0 < percent ≤ 10 10 # 39.15 84.68 −11.321 −22.43 70.72 41.87 28.85 40.79 10 < percent ≤ 13 10 # 20.89 # #1 # 6.41 19.92 −13.511 −210.87 13 < percent ≤ 17 10 # 26.97 13.43 3.37 14.27 17.58 24.67 −7.09 −40.35 17 < percent # # 12.99 1.89 2.76 26.97 5.29 13.54 −8.24 −155.70


0 < number ≤ 986 10 # 27.29 16.48 2.69 10.93 19.80 32.40 −12.61 −63.69 986 < number ≤ 2,737 10 # 19.82 # #1 # 6.08 17.44 −11.36 −186.89 2,737 < number ≤ 5,117 10 # 20.24 0.95 4.801 31.06 6.86 19.36 −12.50 −182.12 5,117 < number 10 # 12.82 1.89 2.721 26.90 5.24 11.62 −6.37 −121.57


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 373 10 # 25.74 16.48 2.30 9.82 19.32 29.98 −10.66 −55.19 373 < number ≤ 1,122 10 # 18.78 0.95 4.431 30.91 6.41 17.16 −10.75 −167.57 1,122 number ≤ 1,835 10 # 22.84 # #1 # 7.00 22.06 −15.061 −215.00 1,835 < number 10 # 12.82 1.89 2.721 26.90 5.24 11.62 −6.37 −121.57


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 723 10 # 29.43 15.53 3.45 13.30 19.80 34.08 −14.28 −72.14 723 < number ≤ 1,684 10 # 17.35 0.95 4.081 30.73 5.98 15.48 −9.50 −159.04 1,684 number ≤ 3,020 10 # 20.58 0.95 4.881 31.09 6.97 18.74 −11.78 −169.06 3,020 < number 10 # 12.82 1.89 2.721 26.90 5.24 12.52 −7.28 −138.85

Total graduate/first-professional

enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 692 10 # 24.42 84.68 −14.981 −38.03 66.20 27.37 38.84 58.66 692 < number ≤ 1,951 10 # 34.09 0.95 8.241 31.88 11.11 32.81 −21.701 −195.34 1,951 < number ≤ 4,184 10 # 25.88 # #1 # 7.94 24.25 −16.311 −205.58 4,184 < number 10 # 15.61 1.89 3.411 27.96 6.10 15.57 −9.47 −155.35 Total enrollment = 0 0 # # 12.48 −3.10 −100.00 8.65 † † †

Total male graduate/first-

professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 148 10 # 28.49 84.68 −13.971 −32.90 67.45 33.01 34.44 51.05 148 < number ≤ 827 10 # 30.02 0.95 7.231 31.71 9.86 27.19 −17.33 −175.72 827 < number ≤ 1,611 10 # 25.88 # #1 # 7.94 25.13 −17.191 −216.65 1,611 < number 10 # 15.61 1.89 3.411 27.96 6.10 14.67 −8.57 −140.49 Total enrollment = 0 # # # 12.48 −3.10 −100.00 8.65 † † †


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Total female graduate/first-

professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 521 10 # 24.05 84.68 −15.071 −38.53 66.09 26.97 39.12 59.19 521 < number ≤ 1,179 10 # 31.31 0.95 7.551 31.77 10.26 32.09 −21.831 −212.85 1,179 < number ≤ 2,116 10 # 29.02 # #1 # 8.90 25.11 −16.20 −182.06 2,116 < number 10 # 15.61 1.89 3.411 27.96 6.10 15.83 −9.73 −159.53 Total enrollment = 0 # # # 12.48 −3.10 −100.00 8.65 † † †

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 Undergraduate enrollment categories were defined by quartiles. 3 Graduate/first-professional enrollment categories were defined by the median. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-5. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Texas private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's Research and doctoral # # 8.16 # # # 6.05 7.19 −1.15 −18.98 Master's 14 # 29.60 11.67 4.45 17.69 24.95 27.59 −2.63 −10.56 Baccalaureate # # 21.04 7.50 3.36 19.00 17.53 23.23 −5.70 −32.52 Special focus and other # # 41.20 80.84 −9.83 −19.27 51.47 41.99 9.48 18.42 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


Large city 20 # 72.44 51.92 5.09 7.56 67.12 71.75 −4.63 −6.89 Mid-sized city 10 # 10.96 # # # 8.12 10.26 −2.15 −26.45 Small city # # 2.45 5.83 −0.84 −25.57 3.32 2.49 0.84 25.19 Large suburb # # # 28.92 −7.17 −100.00 7.49 † † † Mid-sized suburb Small suburb # # # 5.83 −1.45 −100.00 1.51 † † † Urban area on fringe of town # # 9.36 # # # 6.94 10.88 −3.95 −56.91 Urban area distant from town # # 2.75 7.50 −1.18 −29.96 3.98 2.82 1.16 29.26 Urban area remote from town # # 2.04 # # # 1.51 1.80 −0.29 −19.03 Rural area on fringe of town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


University Yes # # 6.48 # # # 4.80 7.04 −2.24 −46.74 No 26 10 93.52 100.00 −1.61 −1.69 95.20 92.96 2.24 2.36 Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-5. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Texas private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Yes 10 # 10.10 # # # 7.48 8.19 −0.71 −9.47 No 20 10 89.90 100.00 −2.50 −2.71 92.52 91.81 0.71 0.77


0 < percent ≤ 19 10 # 15.30 80.84 −16.261 −51.53 32.28 14.69 17.59 54.50 19 < percent ≤ 28 10 # 11.04 5.83 1.29 13.25 9.69 10.50 −0.81 −8.39 28 < percent ≤ 42 10 # 15.31 13.33 0.49 3.32 14.80 15.93 −1.13 −7.63 42 < percent 10 # 19.19 # # # 14.22 20.05 −5.83 −41.03 Unavailable or unknown # # 39.16 # # # 29.01 38.83 −9.82 −33.85


aid 0 < percent ≤ 25 10 # 12.24 80.84 −17.021 −58.15 30.02 12.48 17.54 58.42 25 < percent ≤ 41 10 # 16.10 # #1 # 11.92 15.88 −3.95 −33.14 41 < percent ≤ 53 10 # 17.60 5.83 2.92 19.88 14.55 17.88 −3.33 −22.90 53 < percent 10 # 14.90 13.33 0.39 2.68 14.49 14.92 −0.43 −2.99 Unavailable or unknown # # 39.16 # # # 29.01 38.83 −9.82 −33.85


aid 0 < percent ≤ 76 10 # 18.98 28.92 −2.47 −11.50 21.56 19.46 2.10 9.73 76 < percent ≤ 86 10 # 12.87 5.83 1.75 15.69 11.05 13.33 −2.28 −20.69 86 < percent ≤ 92 10 # 18.89 # #1 # 14.00 19.10 −5.10 −36.44 92 < percent # # 10.10 65.25 −13.68 −57.53 24.39 9.28 15.11 61.94 Unavailable or unknown # # 39.16 # # # 29.01 38.83 −9.82 −33.85


0 < percent ≤ 47 10 # 16.95 # #1 # 12.56 17.04 −4.48 −35.72 47 < percent ≤ 64 10 # 11.43 80.84 −17.221 −60.11 29.42 10.45 18.97 64.47 64 < percent ≤ 74 10 # 15.52 13.33 0.54 3.63 14.95 16.08 −1.13 −7.55 74 < percent 10 # 16.94 5.83 2.76 19.42 14.06 17.59 −3.53 −25.12 Unavailable or unknown # # 39.16 # # # 29.01 38.83 −9.82 −33.85


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Hispanic 0 < percent ≤ 5 10 # 19.31 51.92 −8.09 −29.52 27.76 18.76 9.00 32.41 5 < percent ≤ 8 10 # 14.96 # # # 11.08 14.19 −3.11 −28.08 8 < percent ≤ 15 10 # 18.34 5.83 3.10 20.36 15.10 17.82 −2.72 −18.03 15 < percent 10 # 47.39 42.25 1.28 2.77 46.06 49.22 −3.16 −6.87


Islander 0 < percent ≤ 2 10 # 17.20 13.33 0.96 5.91 16.20 17.59 −1.39 −8.57 2 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 19.13 34.75 −3.87 −16.84 23.18 20.03 3.15 13.59 3 < percent ≤ 8 # # 8.77 51.92 −10.70 −54.97 19.95 8.72 11.23 56.28 8 < percent 10 # 54.90 # #1 # 40.67 53.66 −12.99 −31.94


0 < percent ≤ 8 10 # 45.40 65.25 −4.92 −9.78 50.55 44.91 5.63 11.14 8 < percent ≤ 12 10 # 15.39 28.92 −3.36 −17.90 18.90 13.80 5.09 26.96 12 < percent ≤ 19 10 # 20.03 5.83 3.52 21.33 16.35 22.50 −6.15 −37.61 19 < percent 10 # 19.18 # #1 # 14.21 18.78 −4.58 −32.21


0 < number ≤ 1,457 10 # 18.72 88.33 −17.271 −47.99 36.76 19.36 17.40 47.34 1,457 < number ≤ 2,205 10 # 15.59 # #1 # 11.55 16.83 −5.28 −45.71 2,205 < number ≤ 4,745 10 # 12.24 11.67 0.14 1.18 12.09 12.42 −0.32 −2.68 4,745 < number 10 # 14.28 # #1 # 10.58 12.56 −1.98 −18.70


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 591 10 # 20.61 80.84 −14.941 −42.02 36.22 21.45 14.77 40.79 591 < number ≤ 955 10 # 13.70 7.50 1.54 12.66 12.09 14.74 −2.65 −21.92 955 < number ≤ 1,950 10 # 12.24 11.67 0.14 1.18 12.09 12.42 −0.32 −2.68 1,950 < number 10 # 14.28 # #1 # 10.58 12.56 −1.98 −18.70


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 778 10 # 18.82 88.33 −17.241 −47.81 36.84 19.29 17.54 47.62 778 < number ≤ 1,315 10 # 15.61 # #1 # 11.57 18.61 −7.04 −60.90 1,315 < number ≤ 2,671 10 # 12.12 11.67 0.11 0.93 12.00 10.74 1.26 10.49 2,671 < number 10 # 14.28 # #1 # 10.58 12.52 −1.94 −18.33


enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 292 10 # 50.05 34.75 3.79 8.20 46.08 51.35 −5.26 −11.42 292 < number ≤ 1,308 10 # 12.56 5.83 1.67 15.33 10.82 13.24 −2.42 −22.41 1,308 < number ≤ 1,924 10 # 16.87 # #1 # 12.50 15.25 −2.75 −22.00 1,924 < number 10 # 13.08 51.92 −9.63 −42.41 23.15 11.30 11.84 51.16 Total enrollment = 0 # # 7.44 7.50 −0.01 −0.19 7.45 8.86 −1.40 −18.84


professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 132.5 10 # 17.29 34.75 −4.33 −20.03 21.82 18.31 3.50 16.06 133 < number ≤ 470 10 # 45.19 5.83 9.76 27.56 34.99 46.19 −11.20 −32.00 470 < number ≤ 816 10 # 16.99 # #1 # 12.59 15.58 −2.99 −23.76 816 < number 10 # 13.08 51.92 −9.63 −42.41 23.15 11.06 12.09 52.22 Total enrollment = 0 # # 7.44 7.50 −0.01 −0.19 7.45 8.86 −1.40 −18.84


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 152 10 # 50.05 34.75 3.79 8.20 46.08 51.35 −5.26 −11.42 152 < number ≤ 721 10 # 14.89 5.83 2.25 17.77 12.54 15.35 −2.81 −22.41 721 < number ≤ 890 10 # 12.63 51.92 −9.75 −43.56 22.81 11.59 11.22 49.18 890 < number 10 # 15.00 # #1 # 11.11 12.85 −1.74 −15.65 Total enrollment = 0 # # 7.44 7.50 −0.01 −0.19 7.45 8.86 −1.40 −18.84


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Table K-6. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Georgia private for-profit degree-granting institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's 10 # 31.58 75.00 −8.71 −21.62 39.13 30.47 8.66 22.13 Research and doctoral † † † † † † † † † † Master's # # 15.79 # # # 13.04 16.71 −3.66 −28.10 Baccalaureate # # # 25.00 −5.02 −100.00 4.35 † † † Special focus and other 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 33.94 −7.851 −30.10 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown # # 21.05 # #1 # 17.39 18.88 −1.49 −8.56


Large city # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 23.85 −2.11 −9.70 Mid-sized city # # 10.53 25.00 −2.90 −21.62 13.04 9.43 3.62 27.72 Small city # # 21.05 # #1 # 17.39 21.45 −4.06 −23.33 Large suburb 10 # 42.11 50.00 −1.58 −3.63 43.48 41.81 1.67 3.84 Mid-sized suburb † † † † † † † † † † Small suburb † † † † † † † † † † Urban area on fringe of town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Urban area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area on fringe of town # # 5.26 # # # 4.35 3.47 0.88 20.26 Rural area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


University Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 20 # 100.00 100.00 # # 100.00 100.00 # # Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-6. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Georgia private for-profit degree-granting institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 20 # 100.00 100.00 #1 # 100.00 100.00 #1 #


0 < percent ≤ 48 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 25.71 0.37 1.43 48 < percent ≤ 62 10 # 26.32 # #1 # 21.74 28.83 −7.09 −32.60 62 < percent ≤ 75 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 33.27 −7.19 −27.55 75 < percent # # 10.53 75.00 −12.941 −55.13 21.74 6.98 14.761 67.88 Unavailable or unknown # # 5.26 # # # 4.35 5.20 −0.86 −19.67


aid percent = 0 10 # 47.37 75.00 −5.54 −10.48 52.17 46.15 6.02 11.54 0 < percent ≤ 14 10 # 26.32 # #1 # 21.74 26.77 −5.0 −23.12 14 < percent # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 21.88 −0.14 −0.64 Unavailable or unknown # # 5.26 # # # 4.35 5.20 −0.86 −19.67


aid percent = 0 10 # 47.37 50.00 −0.53 −1.10 47.83 46.46 1.37 2.86 1 < percent ≤ 15 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 28.79 −2.70 −10.37 15 < percent # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 19.54 2.19 10.09 Unavailable or unknown # # 5.26 # # # 4.35 5.20 −0.86 −19.67


0 < percent ≤ 54 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 29.79 −3.70 −14.18 54 < percent ≤ 81 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 27.55 −1.46 −5.60 81 < percent ≤ 92 10 # 26.32 # #1 # 21.74 25.57 −3.83 −17.64 92 < percent # # 10.53 75.00 −12.941 −55.13 21.74 11.89 9.85 45.31 Unavailable or unknown # # 5.26 # # # 4.35 5.20 −0.86 −19.67


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Hispanic 0 < percent ≤ 47 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 26.80 −0.71 −2.73 47 < percent ≤ 58 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 30.16 −4.07 −15.60 58 < percent ≤ 71 # # 21.05 50.00 −5.81 −21.62 26.09 19.68 6.40 24.54 71 < percent # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 23.36 −1.62 −7.45


Islander 0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 52.63 50.00 0.53 1.01 52.17 54.96 −2.79 −5.34 1 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 31.58 50.00 −3.70 −10.48 34.78 32.10 2.68 7.71 3 < percent # # 15.79 # # # 13.04 12.94 0.11 0.82


0 < percent ≤ 2 10 # 47.37 25.00 4.49 10.47 43.48 49.44 −5.96 −13.70 2 < percent ≤ 3 # # 10.53 25.00 −2.90 −21.62 13.04 11.08 1.96 15.02 3 < percent ≤ 6 # # 21.05 50.00 −5.81 −21.62 26.09 20.53 5.56 21.31 6 < percent # # 21.05 # #1 # 17.39 18.95 −1.56 −8.99


0 < number ≤ 513 # # 21.05 50.00 −5.81 −21.62 26.09 15.62 10.47 40.14 513 < number ≤ 821 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 27.79 −1.70 −6.51 821 < number ≤ 1,610 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 35.27 −9.181 −35.20 1,610 < number # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 21.33 0.41 1.89


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 179 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 21.54 4.54 17.42 179 < number ≤ 343 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 27.51 −1.43 −5.47 343 < number ≤ 663 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 28.91 −2.83 −10.84 663 < number # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 22.03 −0.29 −1.33


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


enrollment2 0 < number ≤ 321 # # 21.05 50.00 −5.81 −21.62 26.09 20.66 5.43 20.80 321 < number ≤ 486 10 # 26.32 25.00 0.26 1.01 26.09 22.74 3.35 12.82 486 < number ≤ 1,130 10 # 31.58 # #1 # 26.09 35.27 −9.181 −35.20 1,130 < number # # 21.05 25.00 −0.79 −3.63 21.74 21.33 0.41 1.89


enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 80 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 11.75 −3.06 −35.16 80 < number ≤ 581 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 9.28 −0.58 −6.71 581 < number ≤ 1,603 # # 5.26 25.00 −3.96 −42.93 8.70 5.27 3.42 39.38 1,603 < number # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 10.29 −1.59 −18.31 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 63.16 75.00 −2.38 −3.63 65.22 63.41 1.81 2.77


professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 29 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 9.41 −0.71 −8.20 29 < number ≤ 194 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 11.62 −2.93 −33.67 194 < number ≤ 405 # # 5.26 25.00 −3.96 −42.93 8.70 5.27 3.42 39.38 405 < number # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 10.29 −1.59 −18.31 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 63.16 75.00 −2.38 −3.63 65.22 63.41 1.81 2.77


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


professional enrollment3 1 < number ≤ 60 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 11.75 −3.06 −35.16 60 < number ≤ 361 # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 9.28 −0.58 −6.71 361 < number ≤ 1,062 # # 5.26 25.00 −3.96 −42.93 8.70 5.27 3.42 39.38 1,062 < number # # 10.53 # # # 8.70 10.29 −1.59 −18.31 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 63.16 75.00 −2.38 −3.63 65.22 63.41 1.81 2.77


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Table K-7. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Minnesota private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Associate's Research and doctoral # # 1.66 33.33 −5.13 −75.50 3.17 1.96 1.21 38.13 Master's 10 # 9.99 # # # 9.51 11.35 −1.83 −19.29 Baccalaureate 10 # 16.65 33.33 −2.70 −13.97 17.44 18.65 −1.21 −6.95 Special focus and other 10 # 71.70 33.33 6.21 9.49 69.88 68.04 1.84 2.63 Non-degree-granting † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


Large city 10 # 20.87 33.33 −2.02 −8.82 21.46 21.22 0.24 1.13 Mid-sized city † † † † † † † † † † Small city # # 6.66 # # # 6.34 6.38 −0.04 −0.68 Large suburb 10 # 57.49 # #1 # 54.76 56.12 −1.36 −2.48 Mid-sized suburb # # 1.66 # # # 1.59 1.96 −0.37 −23.35 Small suburb # # 1.66 # # # 1.59 1.81 −0.22 −13.86 Urban area on fringe of town # # 1.66 33.33 −5.13 −75.50 3.17 1.82 1.35 42.69 Urban area distant from town # # 4.99 # # # 4.76 5.17 −0.41 −8.69 Urban area remote from town # # 3.33 # # # 3.17 3.15 0.02 0.64 Rural area on fringe of town # # 1.66 33.33 −5.13 −75.50 3.17 2.38 0.79 24.91 Rural area distant from town † † † † † † † † † † Rural area remote from town † † † † † † † † † † Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


University

Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 30 # 100.00 100.00 # # 100.00 100.00 # # Unavailable or unknown † † † † † † † † † †


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Table K-7. Institution nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for Minnesota private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


Yes † † † † † † † † † † No 30 # 100.00 100.00 #1 # 100.00 100.00 #1 #


0 < percent ≤ 15 10 # 8.32 66.67 −9.451 −53.17 11.10 9.43 1.67 15.04 15 < percent ≤ 24 10 # 9.99 # # # 9.51 11.51 −1.99 −20.97 24 < percent ≤ 30 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 12.28 −1.18 −10.61 30 < percent 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 8.46 1.05 11.03 Unavailable or unknown # # 61.71 # #1 # 58.78 58.33 0.45 0.77


aid

0 < percent ≤ 22 10 # 8.32 66.67 −9.451 −53.17 11.10 9.82 1.28 11.49 22 < percent ≤ 31 10 # 9.99 # # # 9.51 11.51 −2.00 −20.99 31 < percent ≤ 45 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 12.48 −1.38 −12.45 45 < percent 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 7.86 1.65 17.34 Unavailable or unknown # # 61.71 # #1 # 58.78 58.33 0.45 0.77


aid

0 < percent ≤ 73 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 9.94 1.16 10.41 73 < percent ≤ 92 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 10.14 −0.62 −6.56 92 < percent ≤ 96 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 12.83 −1.73 −15.62 96 < percent 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 8.76 0.75 7.87 Unavailable or unknown # # 61.71 # #1 # 58.78 58.33 0.45 0.77


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Percent receiving student loan aid

0 < percent ≤ 60 10 # 8.32 66.67 −9.451 −53.17 11.10 9.24 1.85 16.71 60 < percent ≤ 73 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 9.55 −0.04 −0.39 73 < percent ≤ 79 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 12.69 −1.59 −14.35 79 < percent 10 # 9.99 # # # 9.51 10.19 −0.68 −7.12 Unavailable or unknown # # 61.71 # #1 # 58.78 58.33 0.45 0.77

Percent enrolled: Black, non-

Hispanic

0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 14.98 # # # 14.27 16.01 −1.74 −12.22 1 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 17.54 66.67 −7.96 −31.21 19.87 16.93 2.94 14.80 3 < percent ≤ 5 10 # 60.82 33.33 4.45 7.90 59.52 60.28 −0.77 −1.29 5 < percent # # 6.66 # # # 6.34 6.77 −0.43 −6.80


Islander

0 < percent ≤ 2 10 # 14.98 33.33 −2.97 −16.56 15.85 15.61 0.25 1.56 2 < percent ≤ 3 10 # 62.49 # #1 # 59.52 61.74 −2.22 −3.74 3 < percent ≤ 5 10 # 17.54 33.33 −2.56 −12.73 18.29 17.09 1.20 6.54 5 < percent # # 4.99 33.33 −4.59 −47.89 6.34 5.56 0.78 12.32


0 < percent ≤ 1 10 # 65.82 # #1 # 62.69 64.67 −1.99 −3.17 1 < percent ≤ 2 10 # 25.86 66.67 −6.61 −20.35 27.80 26.10 1.70 6.11 2 < percent 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 9.23 0.29 3.00


1 < number≤ 642 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 8.87 2.23 20.05 642 < number ≤ 2,017 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 11.71 −0.61 −5.48 2,017 < number ≤ 3,092 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 13.14 −2.04 −18.38 3,092 < number 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 9.41 0.10 1.07 Total enrollment = 0 # # 60.05 # #1 # 57.19 56.87 0.32 0.56


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Total male undergraduate

enrollment2

1 < number ≤ 111 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 9.26 1.84 16.58 111 < number ≤ 832 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 12.61 −1.51 −13.59 832 < number ≤ 1,230 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 11.33 −0.23 −2.11 1,230 < number 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 9.93 −0.42 −4.38 Total enrollment = 0 # # 60.05 # #1 # 57.19 56.87 0.32 0.56

Total female undergraduate

enrollment2

1 < number ≤ 133 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 9.83 1.26 11.39 133 < number ≤ 1,062 10 # 9.99 33.33 −3.78 −27.46 11.10 10.77 0.32 2.91 1,062 < number ≤ 1,966 10 # 11.65 # # # 11.10 13.10 −2.00 −18.02 1,966 < number 10 # 8.32 33.33 −4.05 −32.74 9.51 9.42 0.09 0.97 Total enrollment = 0 # # 60.05 # #1 # 57.19 56.87 0.32 0.56


enrollment3

1 < number ≤ 178 10 # 8.32 # # # 7.93 9.28 −1.36 −17.10 178 < number ≤ 894 10 # 57.49 # #1 # 54.76 56.18 −1.42 −2.60 894 < number ≤ 1,204 10 # 14.21 # # # 13.53 13.63 −0.10 −0.72 1,204 < number # # 4.99 33.33 −4.59 −47.89 6.34 5.70 0.65 10.18 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 14.98 66.67 −8.37 −35.85 17.44 15.21 2.23 12.80


professional enrollment3

1 < number ≤ 48 10 # 8.32 # # # 7.93 8.97 −1.04 −13.13 48 < number ≤ 191 10 # 57.49 # #1 # 54.76 56.87 −2.11 −3.85 191 < number ≤ 561 10 # 14.21 # # # 13.53 13.65 −0.12 −0.88 561 < number # # 4.99 33.33 −4.59 −47.89 6.34 5.31 1.04 16.33 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 14.98 66.67 −8.37 −35.85 17.44 15.21 2.23 12.80


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Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative


professional enrollment3

1 < number ≤ 62 10 # 8.32 # # # 7.93 9.28 −1.36 −17.10 62 < number ≤ 442 10 # 57.49 # #1 # 54.76 55.79 −1.03 −1.88 442 < number ≤ 726 10 # 14.21 # # # 13.53 14.02 −0.49 −3.62 726 < number # # 4.99 33.33 −4.59 −47.89 6.34 5.70 0.65 10.18 Total enrollment = 0 10 # 14.98 66.67 −8.37 −35.85 17.44 15.21 2.23 12.80


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Table K-8. Student nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for students in California public 2-year institutions: 2008

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias CPS record available

Yes 1,850 # 43.15 0.22 2.021 4.91 35.53 32.00 3.521 9.92 No 2,220 800 56.85 99.78 −2.021 −3.43 64.47 68.00 −3.521 −5.47

Federal Aid Status

Received 1,210 10 27.92 0.57 1.291 4.83 23.06 16.06 7.001 30.34 Did not receive 2,860 800 72.08 99.43 −1.291 −1.75 76.94 83.94 −7.001 −9.09

Pell Grant status

Received 1,030 10 23.24 0.46 1.071 4.84 19.19 13.78 5.411 28.20 Did not receive 3,040 800 76.76 99.54 −1.071 −1.38 80.81 86.22 −5.411 −6.70

Total Pell amount received2

≤ $1,560 3,300 790 82.78 96.88 −0.661 −0.79 85.29 90.72 −5.431 −6.37 > 1,560, ≤ 2,677 260 # 6.14 # 0.291 4.94 5.05 3.73 1.321 26.14 > 2,677, ≤ 4,259 260 # 5.72 0.35 0.251 4.62 4.77 3.13 1.641 34.46 > 4,259 260 # 5.35 0.01 0.251 4.93 4.40 2.42 1.981 44.91 Unknown # 20 # 2.76 −2.761 −100.00 0.49 † † †

Stafford Loan status

Received 330 # 7.68 0.12 0.361 4.86 6.34 1.93 4.411 69.58 Did not receive 3,740 800 92.32 99.88 −0.361 −0.38 93.66 98.07 −4.411 −4.71

Total Stafford amount received2

≤ $3,500 3,850 790 94.89 97.12 −0.111 −0.11 95.28 98.97 −3.681 −3.86 > 3,500, ≤ 4,499 40 # 1.10 0.01 0.051 4.90 0.90 0.29 0.621 68.33 > 4,499, ≤ 7,500 130 # 2.85 0.11 0.131 4.74 2.36 0.57 1.801 76.06 > 7,500 50 # 1.16 # 0.051 4.94 0.96 0.18 0.781 80.94 Unknown # 20 # 2.76 −2.761 −100.00 0.49 † † †


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Table K-8. Student nonresponse bias before nonresponse adjustment and after weight adjustments for selected variables for students in California public 2-year institutions: 2008—Continued

Variable




Unweighted non-

respondents

Respondent mean

weighted

Non-respondent

mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias


Overall mean, after


bias Relative

bias Institution total enrollment2

0 < number ≤ 15,188 100 240 24.75 34.22 −0.45 −1.77 26.43 23.95 2.48 9.39 15,188 number ≤ 24,566 1,000 230 24.37 26.50 −0.10 −0.41 24.75 24.78 −0.03 −0.11 24,566 < number ≤ 34,648 1,100 170 25.59 18.85 0.321 1.25 24.40 26.11 −1.72 −7.03 34,648 < number 980 170 25.29 20.43 0.23 0.91 24.42 25.16 −0.74 −3.03

Tuiton3

Low 1,430 300 35.55 40.36 −0.23 −0.63 36.41 34.00 2.41 6.61 Medium 1,410 280 34.67 33.59 0.05 0.15 34.48 35.13 −0.64 −1.87 High 1,230 230 29.77 26.05 0.17 0.59 29.11 30.87 −1.76 −6.05

Percent part-time enrollment2

0 < percent ≤ 64 1,080 170 25.49 18.97 0.31 1.22 24.33 26.09 −1.76 −7.24 64 < percent ≤ 69 1,070 170 26.16 20.27 0.28 1.07 25.11 26.93 −1.82 −7.24 69 < percent ≤ 75 1,040 200 26.47 23.69 0.13 0.50 25.98 26.02 −0.05 −0.19 75 < percent 880 270 21.88 37.07 −0.711 −3.16 24.58 20.95 3.63 14.76

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 Enrollment, Pell Grant amount, and Stafford Loan amount categories were defined by quartiles. 3 Tuition categories were defined by thirds. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-9. Item nonresponse bias before imputation for DISTYPES for all students: 2008


Unweighted non-respondents

Respondent mean weighted

Non-respondent mean weighted

Estimated bias

Relative bias

Institution strata Public less-than-2-year 160 110 2.01 2.18 −0.06 −3.00 Public 2-year 2,410 1,570 30.10 32.60 −0.941 −3.00 Public 4-year, non-doctorate-granting 990 470 12.40 9.77 0.98 8.60 Public 4-year, doctorate-granting 1,770 710 22.10 14.70 2.801 14.50 Private not-for-profit less-than-4 year 80 100 0.95 2.14 −0.45 −32.00 Private not-for-profit 4-year, non-doctorate-granting 790 410 9.85 8.46 0.52 5.58 Private not-for-profit 4-year, doctorate-granting 880 390 11.00 8.05 1.111 11.20 Private for-profit less-than-2-year 280 460 3.50 9.54 −2.301 −39.00 Private for-profit 2-year-or-more 640 600 8.05 12.50 −1.701 −17.00

Bureau of Economic Analysis Code (Office of Business Economics)

region2 New England 340 150 4.19 3.11 0.411 10.70 Mid East 1,250 870 15.70 17.90 −0.86 −5.20 Great Lakes 1,270 710 15.90 14.70 0.46 2.96 Plains 1,070 540 13.40 11.30 0.79 6.25 Southeast 1,870 1,150 23.40 23.90 −0.18 −0.77 Southwest 770 510 9.65 10.50 −0.331 −3.30 Rocky Mountains 300 120 3.80 2.43 0.52 15.80 Far West 1,010 600 12.60 12.40 0.05 0.39 Outlying Areas 110 180 1.43 3.67 −0.841 −37.00

Student type

Undergraduate student 7,260 4,560 90.90 94.60 −1.40 −1.50 Graduate student 670 230 8.33 4.73 1.36 19.40 First-professional 60 30 0.76 0.66 0.04 5.15

Gender

Male 3,230 1,990 40.40 41.30 −0.35 −0.85 Female 4,760 2,830 59.60 58.60 0.36 0.61 Unknown # # # 0.04 −0.02 −100.00


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Table K-9. Item nonresponse bias before imputation for DISTYPES for all students: 2008—Continued





Estimated bias

Relative bias

Age group 15–23 4,190 2,400 52.40 49.70 1.00 1.94 24–29 1,650 1,190 20.60 24.60 −1.501 −6.90 30 or above 2,160 1,230 27.00 25.60 0.54 2.04 Unknown # # # 0.06 −0.02 −100.00

CPS record available

Yes 5,180 3,060 64.80 63.50 0.48 0.75 No 2,810 1,760 35.20 36.50 −0.48 −1.30

Federal aid status

Received 4,920 2,810 61.50 58.30 1.191 1.98 Did not receive 3,080 2,010 38.50 41.70 −1.201 −3.00

Pell Grant status

Received 2,930 1,880 36.70 39.00 −0.89 −2.40 Did not receive 4,370 2,690 54.70 55.80 −0.43 −0.78 Unknown 690 250 8.65 5.15 1.32 18.00

Total Pell amount received3

0–1,616 720 530 9.01 11.00 −0.751 −7.70 1,617–2,840 740 490 9.29 10.10 −0.32 −3.30 2,841 or more 1,470 860 18.40 17.90 0.18 1.01

Stafford Loan status

Received 3,850 2,130 48.10 44.20 1.481 3.17 Did not receive 4,130 2,690 51.70 55.80 −1.501 −2.90 Unknown 10 # 0.18 # #1 #

Total Stafford amount received3

0–3,500 1,050 590 13.10 12.30 0.29 2.29 3,501–5,500 1,180 610 14.70 12.60 0.821 5.86 5,501–7,513 620 440 7.73 9.02 −0.49 −5.90 7,513 or more 1,000 500 12.50 10.30 0.85 7.31


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Table K-9. Item nonresponse bias before imputation for DISTYPES for all students: 2008—Continued





Estimated bias

Relative bias

Institution total enrollment3 0–3,803 2,030 1,570 25.40 32.60 −2.701 −9.60 3,804–10,692 1,990 1,120 24.90 23.20 0.651 2.70 10,693–24,169 2,000 1,120 25.10 23.30 0.66 2.72 24,170 or more 1,970 1,010 24.60 21.00 1.38 5.93

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Bias is significant at the 0.05 level. 2 New England = Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; Mid East = Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; Great Lakes = Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin; Plains = Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota; Southeast = Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia; Southwest = Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; Rocky Mountains = Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming; Far West = California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington; Outlying Areas = Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Alaska and Hawaii were reclassified from the West to the Outlying Areas for the purposes of NPSAS. 3 Categories were formed from continuous variables using quartiles. NOTE: Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding. CPS = Central Processing System. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

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Table K-10. Summary of item nonresponse bias for all students and by institution sector: 2008

Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year

Public 4-year non-doctorate

Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year

Private not-for-profit 4-

year non-doctorate


year doctorate

Private for-profit less-

than-2-year

Private for-profit 2-year-or-

more ATTENDA

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 4.48 † 5.03 † † 8.66 † † † 8.58 Median estimated relative bias 3.96 † 4.04 † † 6.33 † † † 4.89 Significant bias 56.41 † 66.67 † † 13.33 † † † 15.15

After imputation Percent difference in pre-imputation

and post-imputation means 0.03* † 0.03* † † 0.04 † † † 0.02

ATTENDB Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 10.93 6.78 6.38 21.89 32.20 5.22 49.42 50.34 6.79 10.14 Median estimated relative bias 2.62 2.16 2.28 17.09 27.98 3.20 24.80 50.69 3.04 4.87 Significant bias 50.00 3.23 54.05 # 24.24 12.90 15.15 20.59 19.44 14.71


and post-imputation means 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.18 0.61 0.08* 0.52* 0.06 0.01 #

ATTENDC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.32* 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.11* 0.17*

ATTENDD Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.05 # 0.16 0.48* 0.02 0.44* 0.58* # 0.11* See notes at end of table.

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Table K-10. Summary of item nonresponse bias for all students and by institution sector: 2008—Continued

Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more ATTENDE

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 10.93 6.78 6.38 21.89 32.20 5.22 49.42 50.34 6.79 10.14 Median estimated relative bias 2.62 2.16 2.28 17.09 27.98 3.20 24.80 50.69 3.04 4.87 Significant bias 50.00 3.23 54.05 # 24.24 12.90 15.15 20.59 19.44 14.71


and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.24* 0.01 0.02 0.38 0.45 0.02 #

ATTENDF Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 14.66 6.78 6.38 114.07 100.00 5.22 244.44 100.00 6.79 10.17 Median estimated relative bias 2.65 2.16 2.28 100.00 100.00 3.20 100.00 100.00 3.04 4.90 Significant bias 50.00 3.23 54.05 82.35 † 12.90 72.73 † 19.44 14.71


and post-imputation means 0.01 0.19* 0.02* 0.32* # 0.14* 0.31* # 0.22* 0.19*

ATTENDG Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.12 0.07 0.04 0.24 1.03* 0.02 0.03

ATTENDMR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.05* 0.24* 0.05* 0.44* 0.55* 0.18* 0.76* 0.61* 0.22* 0.25* See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more BAYEAR

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 9.52 † † 7.10 11.51 † 7.49 10.66 † 14.42 Median estimated relative bias 2.23 † † 3.49 3.12 † 3.31 2.03 † 4.14 Significant bias 31.82 † † 8.82 38.89 † 29.73 21.62 † 3.23


and post-imputation means # # # # # # # # # #

CITIZEN2 Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 3.25 6.79 4.34 4.33 0.46 4.46 3.79 3.49 3.68 4.26 Median estimated relative bias 0.95 6.09 1.67 0.48 0.38 1.21 0.99 0.47 0.63 0.95 Significant bias 57.14 67.74 51.35 48.72 51.28 45.16 57.50 57.50 55.56 63.16


and post-imputation means # # # 0.01 0.01* 0.01 0.01 # 0.09 0.16*

COMHOUR Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 24.00 18.49 16.99 12.19 8.13 36.26 14.61 12.03 23.12 27.66 Median estimated relative bias 13.16 10.50 7.47 8.30 4.14 26.34 5.39 5.32 13.41 10.73 Significant bias 83.67 # 54.05 53.85 56.41 16.13 50.00 42.50 16.67 57.89


and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.14 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.02 0.31* 0.04

COMHSRQ Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.06* 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.06 # 0.04 0.14* See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more COMHSVL

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 22.32 19.69 13.37 12.34 12.26 25.06 14.71 13.95 22.92 15.77 Median estimated relative bias 12.42 12.32 6.69 10.44 6.91 16.87 6.10 7.29 11.87 7.16 Significant bias 80.00 # 63.89 51.52 55.56 20.00 50.00 45.45 20.00 17.14


and post-imputation means 0.08* 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.11* 0.10* 0.05 0.08

COMONE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.13 0.03* # 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.05

COMREQ Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.17 0.05* 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.05* 0.03 0.05 0.21*

COMSERV Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.05 # 0.03* 0.02* 0.02 0.05* 0.04* 0.16* 0.05* See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more COMSERVA



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.32* 0.02 0.02 # 0.03 # 0.02 0.03 0.02

COMSERVB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.18* # 0.02 # 0.12 0.02 0.02 0.19* 0.11

COMSERVC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.21 # 0.02 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.04* 0.11 0.03

COMSERVD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.02 # 0.01 0.02* 0.09 # # 0.02 0.05 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more COMSERVE



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.23* 0.01 0.03 # 0.09 0.03 0.01 0.15* 0.09

COMSERVF Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.03 0.01 # 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.09 0.05

COMSERVG Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.08 0.04* 0.02 0.02* 0.13 0.02 0.03* 0.07 0.03

COMSERVX Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.02 # 0.03 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.07 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more CRBALDUE

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 26.06 26.29 14.89 17.62 14.62 41.22 26.54 25.28 26.04 20.77 Median estimated relative bias 11.78 21.71 10.17 10.52 9.17 33.35 13.33 16.87 21.85 11.04 Significant bias 65.91 7.41 54.84 47.06 44.12 33.33 47.06 48.48 25.81 19.35


and post-imputation means 0.01 0.15 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.17 0.01 0.02 0.15 0.06

CRDAP04 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.04* 0.29* 0.02 0.04* 0.04* 0.25* # 0.08* 0.45* 0.22*

CRDCL04 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.01 0.02 # 0.02* 0.18* 0.01 0.01 0.08* 0.18*

CRNUMCRD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.20* 0.36* 0.23* 0.20 0.13* 0.28* 0.20* 0.14 0.72* 0.52 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more

CRPARPAY Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.02 # 0.03 0.01 0.23 0.08* 0.01 0.10 0.08

CRPAYOFF Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04* # 0.05 0.05* 0.03 0.26* 0.20*

CSTBKS Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.02 # # 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05

CSTCMPTR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.10 # # 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.01 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DEGPR



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.01 0.01 # 0.01* 0.10* 0.01 0.01 0.04* 0.03

DEGPRAA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.04* 0.14 0.04* 0.03 0.05* 0.13* 0.01 0.05* 0.10* 0.01

DEGPRBA4 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.04* 0.22* 0.02 0.02 0.03* 0.06* 0.01 0.04* 0.11 #

DEGPRBA5 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.05* # 0.07 0.09 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.01 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DEGPRCRT



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.05 0.04* 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.03* 0.15* 0.03

DEGPRDOC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 # # 0.01 0.01 # 0.06 0.01 # 0.12

DEGPRFP Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 0.35* 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.06 0.12

DEGPRMS Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.04* 0.25 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.14* 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.14* See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DEGPRPTB



and post-imputation means 0.04 # 0.04 0.01 # 0.17 0.09 0.01 0.39* 0.13

DEGPRPTM Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.07* # 0.04 0.07 0.07* 0.22 0.08 0.01 0.39 0.27

DEPANY Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.55* 0.39* 0.55* 0.71* 0.68* 0.42* 0.69* 0.40* 0.48* 0.24*

DEPCARE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.04 # 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.07 0.04 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more

DEPCHILD Before imputation




DEPCOST Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.02

DEPINC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.13* 0.28* 0.19* 0.12* 0.15* 0.15* 0.10* 0.12* 0.11* 0.01

DEPINCX Before imputation




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students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DEPNUM




DEPNUMCH Before imputation




DEPOLD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.04

DEPOTHER Before imputation




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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DEPTYPE




DEPYNG Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.01 # 0.02 # 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.01

DISMOBIL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.12* # 0.02 0.01 0.24 0.04 0.03 0.35* 0.02

DISOTHER Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 # 0.01 # 0.14* 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.02 See notes at end of table.

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DISSENSR



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.17 # 0.01 0.02 0.51 0.04 0.02 0.38* 0.12

DISTALL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03 # 0.01 0.06* 0.02 0.37* 0.02 0.03 0.17 0.12

DISTEDUC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.19* # 0.03 # 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.16* 0.08*

DISTHOME Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.51* 0.29* 0.13* 0.07* 0.58 0.10* 0.11* 0.56* 0.27 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DISTLOC



and post-imputation means 0.06* 0.25* 0.09* 0.06* 0.04* 0.25* 0.04 0.04* 0.31* 0.06

DISTWK Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.05 0.03* 0.06* 0.08* 0.01 0.05* 0.09* 0.01 0.02

DISTYPES Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.24* 0.09* 0.07 0.06 0.47* 0.13* 0.09* 0.65* 0.28

DSTUINC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.20* 0.17* 0.27* 0.19* 0.11* 0.11 0.08* 0.11* 0.06* 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-58

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more DSTUINCX



and post-imputation means 0.05* 0.13* 0.05* 0.08* 0.02* 0.12* 0.03 0.06 0.11* 0.05

EFCCPS Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.15* 0.31* 0.37* 0.11* 0.02 0.19* 0.04* 0.04* 0.17* 0.10*

EMPLYAM1 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.11* 0.07 0.19* 0.15* 0.12* 0.04 0.13* 0.08* 0.54* 0.11

EMPLYAM2 Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.06 0.10 0.23* 0.08 0.12* 0.04 0.01 0.57* 0.36* 0.05 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-59


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more EVER2PUB

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 8.21 6.80 # 5.98 4.62 4.87 7.18 7.38 6.97 6.50 Median estimated relative bias 2.92 2.45 # 2.58 1.62 3.43 2.14 2.92 3.73 2.74 Significant bias 89.13 3.23 † 54.05 52.78 9.68 35.14 48.57 19.44 30.56


and post-imputation means 0.10* 0.02 # 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 # 0.01 0.04

EVER4YR Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 4.79 6.89 6.43 # # 4.97 # # 6.95 4.37 Median estimated relative bias 1.73 2.49 2.30 # # 3.43 # # 3.54 3.51 Significant bias 73.47 3.23 54.05 † † 9.68 90.00 † 19.44 44.74


and post-imputation means 0.17* # 0.05* # # 0.11 # # 0.03 0.20*

FEDBEN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.13* 0.03 0.25* 0.17* 0.07* 0.01 0.04* 0.03 0.01 0.02

FEDBENA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.05* 0.04 0.08* 0.07* 0.02 0.06* 0.04* 0.01 0.04* 0.03* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-60

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more FEDBENB



and post-imputation means 0.09* 0.02 0.20* 0.13* 0.06* 0.11 # 0.06* 0.04* #

FEDBENC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 0.04* 0.04* 0.02 0.10 0.05* 0.02 0.01 0.02*

FEDBEND Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.13* 0.05* 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.14* # 0.03*

FEDBENE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.10* 0.12 0.17* 0.14* 0.03 # 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-61


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year

Public 4-year non-

doctorate-granting

Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate-

granting


year doctorate-

granting


than-2-year


more FINAIDA



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.01 0.03* 0.02 0.02* 0.07 0.05* 0.04* 0.01 0.02

FINAIDB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.01 0.01 0.03* 0.03* 0.11 0.06* 0.02* 0.08* 0.12* FINAIDC



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.07 0.02* 0.01 0.03* 0.09 0.03* 0.03* 0.22* 0.09*

FINAIDD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.13* 0.07* 0.02* 0.01 0.16 0.06* 0.02 0.25* 0.19* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-62

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more FINSPRT



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.02 # 0.14 # 0.02 0.05 0.01

FINSPRTA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.11 0.07* 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.19* 0.26*

FINSPRTB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.21* 0.06* 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.05* 0.16* 0.23*

FINSPRTC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.01 # 0.11 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.07 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-63


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more FINSPRTD



and post-imputation means 0.04* 0.19* 0.06* 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.05 0.06* 0.06 0.19*

GAINSUR Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 13.40 † † 14.82 5.32 † 15.46 20.25 † 100.00 Median estimated relative bias 4.81 † † 5.75 2.39 † 3.26 5.87 † 100.00 Significant bias 17.95 † † 3.45 9.38 † # 29.41 † †


and post-imputation means 0.01 † † 0.46 0.05 † 0.40* 0.06 † #

GPA Before imputation



and post-imputation means #* 0.03* #* # # # # #* # #

GRADPYR Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 9.49 † † 5.18 10.39 † 13.33 11.31 † 11.54 Median estimated relative bias 1.61 † † 2.82 1.26 † 2.70 1.79 † 3.99 Significant bias 25.00 † † 20.59 11.11 † 27.78 32.43 † 22.58


and post-imputation means # # # # # # # # # # See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-64

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more GRADTAA

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 9.04 † † 15.91 6.91 † 13.64 12.41 † 100.00 Median estimated relative bias 4.40 † † 8.47 3.88 † 5.49 4.07 † 100.00 Significant bias 10.81 † † 3.57 12.50 † # 6.45 † †


and post-imputation means 0.04 † † 0.40* 0.01 † 0.01 0.13* † #

GRADTAB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † † 0.10 0.04 † 0.15 0.17* † #

GRADTAC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † † 0.13 0.04 † 0.08 0.07 † #

GRADTAD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 † † 0.01 0.02 † # 0.01 † # See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-65


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more GRADTAE

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 9.04 † † 15.91 6.91 † 13.64 12.41 † 100.00 Median estimated relative bias 4.40 † † 8.47 3.88 † 5.49 4.07 † 100.00 Significant bias 10.81 † † 3.57 12.50 † # 6.45 † †


and post-imputation means 0.03 † † 0.27 0.02 † 0.13 0.13* † #

GRADTAF Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † † 0.48* 0.04 † 0.08 # † #

GRASTAMT Before imputation




GRGRDAMT Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.08 # # 0.24 0.09 # 0.17 0.07 # # See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-66

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more GRRESAMT

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 8.62 † † 4.45 2.38 † 12.43 13.90 † 8.98 Median estimated relative bias 2.36 † † 1.93 1.22 † 3.26 1.74 † 6.36 Significant bias 22.73 † † 20.59 25.00 † 13.51 21.62 † 16.13



GRTEAAMT Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.09* # # 0.18 0.05 # 0.04 0.10 # 0.99

HCHONORS Before imputation




HCMATHHI Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.13* 0.03* 0.02* 0.03* 0.13 0.05* 0.08* 0.05* 0.07* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-67


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more HCTKBIOL



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.09 0.01 0.03 0.04* 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05

HCTKCHEM Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.21* 0.05* 0.01 0.04* 0.07 0.03* 0.06* 0.15* 0.20*

HCTKPHYS Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.12* 0.03* 0.01 0.02* 0.02 # 0.02* 0.07* 0.07*

HCYSENGL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.34* 0.94* 0.36* 0.18* 0.11* 0.31* 0.31* 0.07 0.33* 0.41* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-68

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more HCYSLANG



and post-imputation means 0.20* 0.17 0.16* 0.12* 0.12* 0.19* 0.14* 0.17* 0.19* 0.16*

HCYSMATH Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.05* 0.29* 0.03* 0.04* 0.02* 0.40* 0.06* 0.05* 0.11 0.12

HCYSSCIE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.06* 0.13* 0.01 0.02* 0.04* 0.23* 0.02* 0.07* 0.05 0.02

HCYSSOCI Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.26* 0.13 0.29* 0.17* 0.06* 0.42* 0.22* 0.04* 0.21* 0.24* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-69


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more HIGHLVEX



and post-imputation means 0.11* 0.13 0.07* 0.15* 0.20* 0.11* 0.05 0.10* 0.04* 0.16*

HISPTYPE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.09* 0.10* 0.05 0.10* 0.08* 1.54* 0.29* 0.15* 0.59* 0.23*

HOMEPAR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.02 # 0.10*

HOMESTUD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.10* 0.08* 0.11* 0.13* 0.10* 0.09 0.15* 0.08* 0.08* 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-70

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more HSCRDAP



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.16* 0.04* 0.01 0.03* 0.11 0.02 0.04* 0.40* 0.08*

HSCRDCOL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.09 0.02 0.04* 0.01 0.23* 0.02 0.01 0.15* 0.05

HSDEG Before imputation




HSGPA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.17* 1.36* 0.04* 0.15* 0.20* 0.43* 0.27* 0.24* 0.46* 0.28 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-71


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more HSGRADYY




HSTYPE Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 9.90 9.37 6.62 6.18 4.89 17.61 9.01 8.48 15.60 8.92 Median estimated relative bias 3.53 3.60 2.34 2.45 2.22 14.87 2.10 2.21 10.31 3.61 Significant bias 71.74 † 48.65 54.05 52.78 35.48 45.95 22.86 33.33 27.78



INCOMPAR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.12* 0.04* 0.03 0.01* 0.20* 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.13*

INCOMST Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.11 0.02* 0.03* 0.02* 0.17* 0.08* 0.03* 0.13* 0.08* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-72

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more INDEPINC



and post-imputation means 0.30* 0.18* 0.37* 0.31* 0.35* 0.13 0.24* 0.31* 0.10* 0.08*

ISTUINC Before imputation




ISTUINCX Before imputation




JOBAFFOR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.09 0.04* 0.01 0.02* 0.15 0.05* 0.05* 0.17* 0.12* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-73


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBCLASS

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 14.11 50.28 8.12 11.73 7.98 23.18 13.77 22.95 118.85 14.63 Median estimated relative bias 6.25 35.44 3.77 7.01 5.21 10.59 6.50 14.37 45.43 7.90 Significant bias 8.33 # 11.76 10.81 16.22 3.45 # 13.51 14.71 5.41


and post-imputation means 0.07* 0.18 0.09* 0.09 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.27 0.16

JOBEARN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.13 # 0.04* 0.02 0.17* 0.03 0.06* 0.16* 0.09*

JOBEFFA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.08 0.01 0.02 # 0.11 0.05* 0.02 0.10* 0.03

JOBEFFB Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.14 0.01 # 0.01 0.11 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-74

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBEFFC



and post-imputation means # 0.07 0.02 # # 0.07 0.06* 0.04* 0.10* 0.03

JOBEFFD Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.04 0.07* 0.01 # 0.04 0.10* 0.06* 0.10* 0.03

JOBEFFE Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.09 0.07* 0.01 # 0.13 0.11* 0.08* 0.17* 0.03

JOBEFFF Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.01 0.04* 0.01 # # 0.09* 0.04* 0.16* 0.05 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-75


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBEFFGR



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.07 0.02* 0.03* 0.01 0.10* 0.04* 0.05* 0.07* 0.05

JOBEMPL Before imputation




JOBHOUR Before imputation




JOBMAJOR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.05 0.01 # 0.01 0.14 0.05* 0.05* 0.31* 0.03 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-76

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBNUM



and post-imputation means 0.13* 0.22* 0.19 0.19 0.09 0.15* 0.14 0.16* 0.09* 0.32

JOBONOFF Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 0.31* 0.28* 0.04* 0.05* 0.30* 0.06 0.05* 0.44* 0.26*

JOBPRIOR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.13* 0.08* 0.01 0.04* 0.26* # 0.03* 0.18* 0.11*

JOBROLE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.07 0.07* 0.01 0.03* 0.28* # 0.02 0.21* 0.17* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-77


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBRSNA



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.03 0.02 0.03* 0.02* # 0.03 # 0.07 0.08*

JOBRSNB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 0.02* # # 0.04 # 0.01 0.18* 0.04

JOBRSNC Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.04 # 0.01 # # 0.02 0.03* 0.08* 0.02

JOBRSND Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.25* 0.08* # 0.02* 0.06 0.07* 0.05* 0.01 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-78

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBRSNE



and post-imputation means # 0.04 0.04* 0.02 0.01 0.07 # 0.02 0.09* 0.04

JOBRSNF Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.25* 0.01 0.02 0.02* 0.06 0.09* 0.04* 0.13* 0.18*

JOBRSNG Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.24* 0.04* 0.01 0.03* 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.02

JOBSAVE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 0.22 0.09* # 0.06* 0.09 0.02 0.10* 0.51* 0.04 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-79


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more JOBSUMMR



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.04 0.04* 0.04* 0.01 0.14 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02

JOBTYPE Before imputation




JOBWEEK Before imputation




LNCOSIGN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.03 # 0.02 # 0.21 0.05* # 0.06 0.07* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-80

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more LNREPAY



and post-imputation means 0.02* # 0.01 # 0.01 0.04 0.04* 0.02 0.06* 0.08*

LOCALRES Before imputation




MAJCHG Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 10.35 † 9.86 4.90 5.20 17.09 7.92 8.01 † 8.18 Median estimated relative bias 5.31 † 5.16 3.42 2.23 13.82 3.31 3.26 † 4.48 Significant bias 69.77 † 58.33 55.56 47.22 10.00 58.33 38.24 † 34.29


and post-imputation means # † # 0.01 # 0.22* 0.04* 0.05* † 0.21*

MAJCHGFQ Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 † 0.03 0.07* 0.01 0.11 # 0.09 † 0.25 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-81


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more MNTRENT



and post-imputation means 0.06* 0.04 0.07* 0.04* 0.04* 0.16* 0.11* 0.06* 0.05 0.05

ORPHAN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.19 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.01 # 0.01 0.02

OWNINVPA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 0.05* 0.01 0.01 0.02 # 0.02 0.01 0.18*

OWNINVST Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.06* 0.08 0.04* # 0.06* 0.07 0.09* 0.06* 0.16 0.02 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-82

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more PAGI




PARBORN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.13 0.05* 0.01 0.18* 0.04*

PARCOLL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 0.20 0.03* 0.07 0.03 0.38 0.07* 0.10* 0.10 0.08

PARHELPA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.02 0.02* 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.04* # 0.15* 0.07 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-83


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more PARHELPB



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.08 # 0.01 # 0.11 0.01 0.02 0.15* 0.23*

PARHELPC Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.03 0.02 0.01 # 0.08 0.01 # 0.03 0.10*

PARHELPD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.13* 0.01 0.01 # 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.19*

PDADED Before imputation




Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-84

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more PFAMNUM



and post-imputation means 0.05* 0.18 0.13* 0.11* 0.07* 0.17* 0.05 0.05* 0.07 0.11*

PFEDBEN Before imputation




PFEDTAX Before imputation




PINCOL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.20* 0.20 0.32* 0.13* 0.16* 0.08 0.10* 0.13* 0.08 0.09 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-85


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more PMARITAL




PMOMED Before imputation




PRIMLANG Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.06 # 0.04* 0.02* 0.14* 0.05* 0.03* 0.21* 0.09*

PRIVLOAN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.18* 0.36 0.35* 0.20* 0.10* 0.30 0.16* 0.10* 0.11* 0.10* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-86

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more PSECTYR



and post-imputation means #* #* # # # # #* # # #

PTAXFILE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.18* 0.08 0.26* 0.22* 0.18* 0.18* 0.13* 0.18* 0.11* #

RAASIAN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 # 0.10 0.02 # 0.08 0.04

RABLACK Before imputation



and post-imputation means # # # # # 0.07 # # 0.08* 0.06* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-87


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more RAINDIAN



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.15 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02

RAINDTRB Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.12* 0.27* 0.15* 0.06 0.09* 0.29 0.15* 0.18* 0.26* 0.15

RAISLAND Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.01 # 0.04 0.02 0.19 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.03

RAOTHER Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.02 0.02* 0.05* 0.04* 0.12 0.13* 0.04 0.13* 0.01 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-88

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more RAWHITE



and post-imputation means 0.01* # 0.01* 0.01* 0.01 0.19 0.03* 0.01* 0.08* 0.05*

REANOAPA Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.22* 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.09 0.03 0.12 0.13

REANOAPB Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.02 # 0.05 0.03 0.27 0.10 0.03 0.18 0.29

REANOAPC Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.04 0.01 0.06* 0.03 0.15 0.12 0.01 0.18 0.55* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-89


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more REANOAPD



and post-imputation means # 0.07 # 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.10 0.03 0.28* 0.25

REANOAPE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.13* 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.13 0.57*

REMENUM Before imputation




REMETOOK Before imputation




Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-90

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more REMEVER



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 # 0.03* 0.02 0.05* 0.01

SAGI Before imputation




SCHWKHR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* 0.06 0.02* 0.01 0.01* 0.04 0.02* 0.01 0.02 0.02

SFEDBEN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.38* 0.59* 0.55* 0.56* 0.59* 0.11 0.45* 0.47 0.04* 0.06* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-91


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more SFEDTAX



and post-imputation means 0.41* 0.31* 0.56* 0.49* 0.43* 0.32 0.34* 0.29* 0.18* 0.12

SINCOL Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.13* 0.28 0.19 0.24* 0.30* 0.13* 0.04 0.16* 0.08* 0.06

SJASST Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † 0.06 0.08* # # 0.01 0.02 † 0.03

SJCOMSER Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 † 0.16* 0.05 0.04 0.22* 0.05 0.02 † 0.20 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-92

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more SJEARN

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 40.56 † 30.76 32.73 19.66 27.74 27.10 20.04 † 19.98 Median estimated relative bias 18.20 † 19.03 18.37 9.27 15.88 15.04 9.97 † 12.96 Significant bias 76.60 † 48.57 57.89 51.28 13.33 46.15 38.46 † 21.62


and post-imputation means 0.04* # 0.19* 0.10* 0.05* 0.10 0.21* 0.03 # 0.34*

SJHOURS Before imputation



and post-imputation means 7.86* # 16.75* 10.36* 5.62* 20.52* 3.95* 2.57* # 17.44*

SJMAJOR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.44* 0.02 # † 0.04

SJONOFF Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.04* † 0.17* 0.04 0.03 0.28 0.11* 0.08 † 0.66* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-93


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more SJSCHOOL

Before imputation Mean estimated relative bias 31.31 † 29.90 23.26 21.57 29.65 23.66 27.01 † 16.82 Median estimated relative bias 23.37 † 16.61 18.43 17.66 18.15 14.48 19.31 † 10.27 Significant bias 72.73 † 54.29 57.14 61.11 6.67 44.44 42.86 † 22.86


and post-imputation means # † 0.17* 0.02 0.01 0.12 0.15* 0.10* † 0.38*

SJTUTOR Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 † 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.13 # 0.07 † 0.03

SJWEEK Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02 † 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.10* † 0.15

SJWKST Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* † # 0.02 # 0.03 0.04* # † 0.09 See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-94

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more SMARITAL



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.02 0.03* 0.01 0.03* 0.01* 0.02* 0.03* 0.01* 0.02*

SPINCOL Before imputation

Mean estimated relative bias 13.25 13.19 5.03 4.48 2.48 24.66 11.62 6.62 24.36 10.32 Median estimated relative bias 6.95 7.06 3.18 2.43 2.32 19.38 4.50 2.74 19.51 5.55 Significant bias 55.10 3.23 5.88 27.78 5.26 22.58 17.50 2.63 19.44 #


and post-imputation means 0.01 0.38* 0.04* 0.01 0.03 0.13 0.05* 0.01 0.31* 0.08

SPSINC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.23* 0.20* 0.29* 0.22* 0.25* 0.15 0.11* 0.18* 0.15* 0.05

SPSINCX Before imputation




Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-95


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more STAXFILE



and post-imputation means 0.16* 0.09 0.27* 0.12* 0.07* 0.10 0.10* 0.05 0.04* 0.05*

TEACTDER Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.02 # #* #* 0.04 0.01* 0.01* # 0.01

TESATDER Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.02 # #* #* 0.03 0.01* 0.01* # 0.01

TESATMDE Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.01 # 0.01* #* 0.03 0.01* 0.01* 0.01 # See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-96

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

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Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more TESATVDE



and post-imputation means 0.02* 0.04* # #* #* 0.02 0.01* 0.01* 0.01 0.01 TETOOK




TRANCRD Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.03* † 0.52* 0.03 0.02 0.26 0.05 0.06* † 0.41*

UNTAXBF Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.16* 0.18* 0.19* 0.19* 0.07* 0.10 0.23* 0.06 0.16* 0.10* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report

K-97


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more UNTAXBFA




UNTAXBFB Before imputation




UNTAXBFC Before imputation



and post-imputation means 2.11* 0.32 1.42* 1.64* 5.39* 0.74 3.16* 8.26* 0.21 0.95*

USBORN Before imputation



and post-imputation means 0.01 0.04 # 0.02 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.16* 0.12* See notes at end of table.

Appendix K. N

onresponse Bias A

nalysis

K-98

NP

SA

S:08 Full-scale M

ethodology Report


Variable All

students

Public less-than-

2-year Public 2-

year


Public 4-year

doctorate


less-than-4 year


year non-doctorate


year doctorate


than-2-year


more VOTEEVER



and post-imputation means 0.01* 0.11* 0.01 # 0.01 0.12* 0.01 0.01 0.05* 0.03

VOTEREG Before imputation



and post-imputation means # 0.12* 0.01 0.01 0.02* 0.04 0.02 # 0.08* 0.06

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. * The difference between the pre-and post-imputation means is significant at the 0.05 level. NOTE: Nonresponse bias analysis was conducted only for items with a weighted response rate less than 85 percent. Nonresponse bias analysis was based on the student-level variables known for both item respondents and nonrespondents (described in section 6.3). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report L-1

Appendix L Weighted-Analysis Considerations


Appendix L. Weighted-Analysis Considerations


The 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08) sampling design was a stratified two-stage design. A stratified sample of postsecondary institutions was selected with probabilities proportional to a composite measure of size at the first stage, and a stratified systematic sample of students was selected from sample institutions at the second stage. At the first stage, about 29 percent of the eligible institutions were selected, but the institution sampling rates varied considerably by institutional sampling strata.1 Institutions were oversampled in the six states, with representative samples of undergraduate students coming from four sectors.2

Most commonly used statistical computing packages (e.g., SAS and SPSS) assume that data are obtained from a simple random sample; that is, they assume that the observations are independent and identically distributed. When the data have been collected according to a complex sampling design, the simple random sampling assumption usually leads to an underestimate of the sampling variance, which would lead to artificially small confidence intervals and liberal hypothesis test results (i.e., rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact true more often than indicated by the nominal Type I error level; Carlson, Johnson, and Cohen 1993).

At the second stage, potential baccalaureate aid recipients and undergraduate students in the six states were sampled at higher rates than other students. Statistical analyses were conducted with software that properly accounts for this complex survey design.

Statistical strategies that have been developed to address this issue include first-order Taylor-series expansion of the variance equation, bootstrap replication, balanced repeated replication, and the Jackknife approach (see, e.g., Wolter 1985). Special-purpose software packages that have been developed for analysis of complex sample survey data include SUDAAN, WesVar, and Stata. Evaluations of the relative performances of these packages are reported by Cohen (1997). SAS and SPSS have added procedures to address this issue, as well. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) also has developed a software tool called the Data Analysis System (DAS) for analysis of complex survey data. Following is a list of these software packages and their websites, which have more information about the software and how to purchase or use them:

• SUDAAN: http://www.rti.org/sudaan;

• WesVar: http://www.westat.com/westat/statistical_software/wesvar/index.cfm.;

• Stata: http://www.stata.com;

• SAS: http://www.sas.com;

• SPSS: http://www.spss.com; and

• NCES DAS

When computing standard errors by using Taylor-series approximation, analysts should use the variables ANALSTR and ANALPSU in specifying analysis strata and analysis primary sampling units (PSUs). This method of variance estimation may overestimate the variance because it does not always account for the finite population correction (FPC) at the institution stage of sampling. Additionally, the analyst should specify the study weight (WTA000).

http://nces.ed.gov/das.

1 From about 6 percent for one national sample stratum to 100 percent for several national and state sample strata. For more details, see chapter 2. 2 The states included in the NPSAS:08 augmentation were California, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, and Texas.

http://nces.ed.gov/transfer.asp?location=www.rti.org/sudaan

http://nces.ed.gov/transfer.asp?location=www.westat.com/westat/statistical_software/wesvar/index.cfm

http://nces.ed.gov/transfer.asp?location=www.stata.com/

http://nces.ed.gov/transfer.asp?location=www.sas.com/

http://nces.ed.gov/transfer.asp?location=www.spss.com/

http://nces.ed.gov/das�


L-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Below is an example of generic SUDAAN code to produce estimates and standard errors, using Taylor-series approximation and not accounting for the FPC. The symbols /* and */ in the code indicate the beginning and end of a comment, respectively. The dataset must be sorted by the analysis strata and analysis PSUs in order to run this analysis.

PROC DESCRIPT DATA=/* INSERT FILENAME */ DESIGN=WR;

NEST ANALSTR ANALPSU;

WEIGHT WTA000;

VAR /* INSERT VARIABLES */;

SUBPOPN /* INSERT DOMAIN OF INTEREST */;

PRINT NSUM MEAN SEMEAN / STYLE=NCHS;

RUN;

When computing standard errors by using Taylor-series approximation, the analyst could, alternatively, use the variables FANALSTR, FANALPSU, FANALSSU, and PSUCOUNT in specifying analysis strata, analysis PSUs, analysis secondary sampling units (SSUs), and estimated number of PSUs in the stratum. This method of variance estimation accounts for the FPC at the institution stage of sampling.

Below is an example of generic SUDAAN code to produce estimates and standard errors with the use of Taylor-series approximation accounting for the FPC. The dataset must be sorted by the analysis strata, analysis PSUs, and analysis SSUs in order to run this analysis.

PROC DESCRIPT DATA=/* INSERT FILENAME */ DESIGN=WOR;

NEST FANALSTR FANALPSU FANALSSU;

TOTCNT PSUCOUNT _MINUS1__ __ZERO_;

WEIGHT WTA000;




RUN;

When computing standard errors by using bootstrap replication, the analyst should specify the bootstrap weights WTA001–WTA200 in addition to specifying WTA000.

Below is an example of generic SUDAAN code to produce estimates and standard errors with the use of bootstrap replication. The dataset does not have to be sorted to run this analysis.



PROC DESCRIPT DATA=/* INSERT FILENAME */ DESIGN=BRR;

REPWGT WTA001-WTA200;

WEIGHT WTA000;




RUN;

If one must perform a quick analysis of NPSAS:08 data without using one of the software packages for analysis of complex survey data, the design effects tables that are presented in appendix N can be used to make approximate adjustments to the standard errors of survey statistics computed with the use of standard software packages that assume simple random sampling designs. For example, table N-11 shows design effects (DEFFs) and square roots of design effects (DEFTs) for undergraduate students at private, not-for-profit, 4-year, doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions. If one has computed a statistic not listed in the table (e.g., mean Stafford Loan amount) for this domain of students, then the summary statistics from table N-11 suggest that the standard error computed from the statistical software package be multiplied by a survey DEFT of about 2.17 (the median for this domain). The range of DEFTs shown in table N-11 for this domain, however, is 1.56 to 6.50; therefore, one cannot be confident about the actual design-based standard error without performing the analysis with one of the software packages specifically designed for analysis of data from complex sample surveys.

Appendix L References Carlson, B.L., Johnson, A.E., and Cohen, S.B. (1993). An Evaluation of the Use of Personal

Computers for Variance Estimation With Complex Survey Data. Journal of Official Statistics, 9(4): 795–814.

Cohen, S.B. (1997). An Evaluation of Alternative PC-Based Software Packages Developed for the Analysis of Complex Survey Data. American Statistician, 57(13): 285–292.

Wolter, K. (1985). Introduction to Variance Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag.


NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report M-1

Appendix M Design Effects


Appendix M. Design Effects


Table M-1. Design effects for all undergraduate students: 2008

Variable Defined as Percent

estimate

Design standard

error

Simple random sample

standard error DEFT1 DEFF2 Received any aid TOTAID > 0 65.61 1.20 0.14 8.50 72.32 Received any federal aid ANYFED = 1 46.97 0.78 0.15 5.28 27.87 Received any state grant aid ANYSTGRT = 1 16.42 0.33 0.11 3.01 9.03 Received any institution grant aid ANYINSTG = 1 19.88 0.57 0.12 4.79 22.92 Received any work-study aid ANYWKST = 1 7.41 0.20 0.08 2.62 6.86 Received a Pell Grant ANYPELL = 1 27.33 0.47 0.13 3.55 12.60 Received a Stafford Loan ANYSTAF = 1 34.47 0.15 0.14 1.09 1.19

Subsidized STAFSUB > 0 29.70 # 0.14 # # Unsubsidized STAFUNSB > 0 21.95 # 0.12 # #

Married SMARITAL = 2 17.98 0.28 0.11 2.46 6.06 U.S. citizen CITIZEN2 = 1 94.13 0.14 0.07 2.07 4.29 Enrolled exclusively full time ATTNPTRN = 1 47.71 0.38 0.15 2.59 6.72 Enrolled part time or part

year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 60.72 0.28 0.14 1.96 3.83

Received any employer aid ANYEMP = 1 8.28 0.15 0.08 1.87 3.51 Worked while in school JOBENR IN (2,3) 74.83 0.24 0.13 1.87 3.49

Worked full time while in school JOBENR = 3 32.18 0.30 0.14 2.20 4.82 Worked part time while in school JOBENR = 2 42.65 0.25 0.15 1.73 2.99

Principal job in 2007–08 related to major

JOBMAJOR1 24.84 0.24 0.13 1.88 3.53

Registered to vote VOTEREG = 1 76.68 0.23 0.13 1.83 3.35 Has a disability DISABLE = 1 10.83 0.18 0.09 1.93 3.73 Attended more than one institution

in 2007–08 STUDMULT > 1

7.96 2.13 0.08 26.57 706.14 Has dependents other than a

spouse DEPANY = 1

25.40 0.30 0.13 2.35 5.50 U.S. Armed Forces veteran VETERAN = 1 3.14 0.13 0.05 2.44 5.95 Ever attended a community college EVER2PUB = 1 68.18 0.29 0.14 2.09 4.38 Summary statistics

Minimum † † † # # 25th percentile † † † 1.87 3.50 Median † † † 2.14 4.60 75th percentile † † † 2.81 7.94 Maximum † † † 26.57 706.14

† Not applicable # Rounds to zero. 1DEFT is the square root of DEFF and can also be defined as the ratio of the design-based standard error over the standard error that would have been obtained from a simple random sample of the same size (if that were practical). 2DEFF is the survey design effect for a statistic and is defined as the ratio of the design-based variance estimate over the variance estimate that would have been obtained from a simple random sample of the same size (if that were practical). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).


M-4 NPSAS:08 Full-scale Methodology Report

Table M-2. Design effects for male undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error



Subsidized STAFSUB > 0 25.91 0.30 0.20 1.49 2.22 Unsubsidized STAFUNSB > 0 18.68 0.32 0.18 1.75 3.07


year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 60.20 0.37 0.23 1.63 2.64




JOBMAJOR1 23.66 0.33 0.20 1.67 2.78




spouse DEPANY = 1


Minimum † † † 1.49 2.22 25th percentile † † † 1.75 3.05 Median † † † 1.92 3.69 75th percentile † † † 2.71 7.39 Maximum † † † 17.02 289.55

† Not applicable 1DEFT is the square root of DEFF and can also be defined as the ratio of the design-based standard error over the standard error that would have been obtained from a simple random sample of the same size (if that were practical). 2DEFF is the survey design effect for a statistic and is defined as the ratio of the design-based variance estimate over the variance estimate that would have been obtained from a simple random sample of the same size (if that were practical). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007-08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).



Table M-3. Design effects for female undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 61.12 0.42 0.19 2.23 4.95




JOBMAJOR1 25.73 0.29 0.17 1.69 2.87




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-4. Design effects for students at less-than-2-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 71.37 1.41 0.53 2.68 7.21




JOBMAJOR1 18.94 0.81 0.46 1.78 3.16




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-5. Design effects for students at public, 2-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 80.93 0.34 0.21 1.60 2.55




JOBMAJOR1 25.35 0.37 0.24 1.55 2.41




spouse DEPANY = 1

31.57 0.44 0.25 1.73 2.99 U.S. Armed Forces veteran VETERAN = 1 3.44 0.23 0.10 2.30 5.29 Ever attended a community college EVER2PUB = 1 100.00 # # † † Summary statistics





Table M-6. Design effects for undergraduate students at 4-year, non-doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 46.77 0.74 0.31 2.41 5.82




JOBMAJOR1 25.57 0.47 0.27 1.76 3.11




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-7. Design effects for undergraduate students at 4-year, doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 36.98 0.58 0.26 2.23 4.99




JOBMAJOR1 23.05 0.48 0.23 2.10 4.42




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-8. Design effects for undergraduate students at public, 4-year, non-doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 50.42 0.78 0.41 1.90 3.59




JOBMAJOR1 25.00 0.47 0.35 1.33 1.76




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-9. Design effects for undergraduate students at public, 4-year, doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 38.11 0.59 0.31 1.89 3.56




JOBMAJOR1 22.33 0.52 0.27 1.93 3.71




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-10. Design effects for undergraduate students at private, not-for-profit, 4-year, non-doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 41.26 1.15 0.46 2.51 6.28




JOBMAJOR1 26.42 0.92 0.41 2.26 5.10




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-11. Design effects for undergraduate students at private, not-for-profit, 4-year, doctorate-granting/first-professional institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 33.45 1.48 0.46 3.22 10.40




JOBMAJOR1 25.30 0.83 0.42 1.97 3.89




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-12. Design effects for undergraduate students at private, for-profit institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 63.03 1.70 0.38 4.45 19.76




JOBMAJOR1 26.04 0.89 0.35 2.58 6.63




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-13. Design effects for dependent undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error




Married SMARITAL = 2 † † † † † U.S. citizen CITIZEN2 = 1 94.85 0.16 0.09 1.80 3.23 Enrolled exclusively full time ATTNPTRN = 1 62.13 0.56 0.20 2.89 8.36 Enrolled part time or part

year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 43.77 0.36 0.20 1.83 3.34




JOBMAJOR1 18.75 0.27 0.16 1.69 2.86




spouse DEPANY = 1

† † † † † U.S. Armed Forces veteran VETERAN = 1 † † † † † Ever attended a community college EVER2PUB = 1 57.33 0.58 0.20 2.92 8.50 Summary statistics





Table M-14. Design effects for independent undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 79.80 0.41 0.18 2.31 5.33




JOBMAJOR1 31.69 0.36 0.20 1.76 3.10




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-15. Design effects for White, non-Hispanic undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 58.30 0.33 0.19 1.77 3.13




JOBMAJOR1 25.70 0.28 0.17 1.67 2.80




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-16. Design effects for Black, non-Hispanic undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 67.90 0.77 0.35 2.21 4.87




JOBMAJOR1 26.06 0.64 0.33 1.95 3.79




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-17. Design effects for Asian undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 57.14 1.00 0.62 1.63 2.66


Worked full time while in school JOBENR = 3 23.90 0.86 0.53 1.62 2.63 Worked part time while in

school JOBENR = 2

40.33 1.04 0.61 1.71 2.93 Principal job in 2007–08 related to

major JOBMAJOR1 19.39 0.74 0.49 1.51 2.27 Registered to vote VOTEREG = 1 47.33 1.04 0.62 1.68 2.82 Has a disability DISABLE = 1 7.88 0.58 0.34 1.73 3.00 Attended more than one institution



spouse DEPANY = 1

19.28 0.88 0.49 1.80 3.24 U.S. Armed Forces veteran VETERAN = 1 1.29 0.19 0.14 1.36 1.85 Ever attended a community

college EVER2PUB = 1 70.43 1.19 0.57 2.10 4.39 Summary statistics





Table M-18. Design effects for Hispanic undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 65.33 0.72 0.38 1.89 3.59




JOBMAJOR1 22.85 0.55 0.33 1.64 2.68

Registered to vote VOTEREG = 1 68.16 0.62 0.37 1.68 2.82 Has a disability DISABLE = 1 9.40 0.36 0.23 1.57 2.45 Attended more than one institution in

2007–08 STUDMULT > 1


spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-19. Design effects for other race undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 61.93 1.06 0.71 1.50 2.25




JOBMAJOR1 22.54 1.24 0.61 2.03 4.14




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-20. Design effects for low-income undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 58.61 0.83 0.29 2.86 8.15




JOBMAJOR1 18.38 0.34 0.23 1.49 2.23




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-21. Design effects for middle-income undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 60.80 0.28 0.20 1.37 1.87




JOBMAJOR1 24.74 0.31 0.18 1.73 2.98




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-22. Design effects for high-income undergraduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 62.07 0.49 0.29 1.72 2.94




JOBMAJOR1 29.57 0.49 0.27 1.81 3.29




spouse DEPANY = 1






Table M-23. Design effects for all graduate students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error


standard error DEFT1 DEFF2 Received any aid TOTAID > 0 72.53 0.66 0.40 1.65 2.72 Received any federal aid ANYFED = 1 36.39 0.29 0.43 0.68 0.46 Received any state grant aid ANYSTGRT = 1 2.02 0.19 0.13 1.52 2.30 Received any institution grant aid ANYINSTG = 1 18.59 0.76 0.35 2.19 4.78 Received any work-study aid ANYWKST = 1 1.38 0.15 0.10 1.46 2.12 Received any assistantship ANYGAST = 1 15.90 0.73 0.33 2.25 5.08 Received a Stafford Loan ANYSTAF = 1 35.65 0.29 0.43 0.69 0.47



year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 70.12 0.75 0.41 1.83 3.36




JOBMAJOR1 54.35 0.97 0.44 2.19 4.81




spouse DEPANY = 1

35.08 1.04 0.43 2.44 5.95 U.S. Armed Forces veteran VETERAN = 1 3.21 0.34 0.16 2.20 4.82 Years between bachelor’s degree

and graduate school 1 ≤ GRADGAP ≤ 2 24.45 0.66 0.38 1.71 2.93

Summary statistics Minimum † † † 0.42 0.18 25th percentile † † † 1.58 2.51 Median † † † 1.96 3.85 75th percentile † † † 2.23 4.95 Maximum † † † 5.32 28.30




Table M-24. Design effects for graduate students at public, 4-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 73.80 1.11 0.57 1.95 3.80




JOBMAJOR1 53.27 1.20 0.65 1.86 3.47




spouse DEPANY = 1







Table M-25. Design effects for graduate students at private, not-for-profit, 4-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 69.31 1.09 0.58 1.88 3.53




JOBMAJOR1 56.57 1.01 0.62 1.62 2.62




spouse DEPANY = 1







Table M-26. Design effects for all first-professional students: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 18.98 2.47 0.99 2.50 6.26




JOBMAJOR1 28.58 1.30 1.14 1.15 1.31




spouse DEPANY = 1







Table M-27. Design effects for first-professional students at public 4-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 15.54 2.11 1.61 1.31 1.73




JOBMAJOR1 27.22 2.04 1.97 1.03 1.07




spouse DEPANY = 1







Table M-28. Design effects for first-professional students at private not-for-profit 4-year institutions: 2008


estimate

Design standard

error





year ATTNSTAT IN (3, 4, 5, 6) 21.47 4.42 1.25 3.53 12.43




JOBMAJOR1 29.56 1.67 1.39 1.20 1.43




spouse DEPANY = 1





Documents

Appendix A Technical Review Panel - National Center for ... · RTI International . 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194 . Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 . Voice: (919) 541-7006