7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

1/19

Application Design & Architecture

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

2/19

Architecture Definition

Architecture is defined by the recommended practice as the fundamentalorganization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships toeach other and the environment, and the principles governing its design andevolution.

This definition is intended to encompass a variety of uses of the termarchitecture by recognizing their underlying common elements. Principal amongthese is the need to understand and control those elements of system design

that capture the systems utility, cost, and risk. In some cases, these elements are the physical components of the system and

their relationships. In other cases, these elements are not physical, but instead, logical

components. In still other cases, these elements are enduring principles or patterns that

create enduring organizational structures. The definition is intended toencompass these distinct, but related uses, while encouraging more rigorousdefinition of what constitutes the fundamental organization of a system withinparticular domains.

* Reference: ANSI / IEEE Std 1471-2000, Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of Software-Intensive Systems

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

3/19

Architecture Drivers - Business

Functional Requirements

Time to Market

Technology Enabled Solutions to create competitive

edge in business marketplace Ability to respond to changes in business

marketplace effectively

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

4/19

Architecture Drivers - Technical

Quality Attributes

Scalability

Reliability

Performance

Extensibility

Define & Implement Standards

Leverage existing organizational assets

Cost Effective solutions

Vendor Management (Product & Software vendors)

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

5/19

Success Factors

Technology as an enabler for Business

Meeting Business Requirements & Objectives

Timeliness and Effectiveness of the solution

Repeatable & Reusable Components Quality of Service

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

6/19

The Multi-Million Dollar Question

Build Buy

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

7/19

Architecture Evolution

As separation of the business rules and the dynamic sequencing of the process stepsbecomes common, it will enable the late binding of business applications and theirorchestrating processes. This late binding allows for the most-agile dynamically linked

applications with instantly controlled outcomes, thus enabling management to make changesinstantly, if desired.. from Gartner, February 2005

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

8/19

Approach Alternatives

Enterprise Architecture Approach

Application Driven (Object Oriented)

Data Driven

Distributed Systems Component Driven

Service Oriented

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

9/19

Enterprise Architecture Approach

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

10/19

Enterprise Architecture Framework

BusinessArchitecture

ApplicationArchitecture

DataArchitecture Technology

Architecture

Alignment of IT strategy and planning withcompany's business goals.

Optimization of information managementapproaches through an understanding of

evolving business needs and technologycapabilities.

Long-term strategic responsibility for thecompany's IT systems.

Promotion of shared infrastructure and

applications to reduce costs and improveinformation flows.

Management of the risks associated withinformation and IT assets throughappropriate standards and securitypolicies.

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

11/19

Enterprise Architecture Principles

Security: applications should ensure data and access

security

Ownership: clear and explicit ownership of enterprise

data Leverage assets: leverage existing services and

capabilities

Accessibility: be aware of to needs of all users

(location & disabilities)

Real-time: Minimize latency of data updates

Standards: promote consistency using standards

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

12/19

Enterprise Architecture Deliverables

Current State

System ContextDiagram

Key SystemsInventory

System Logical andPhysical Architecture

DiagramsContext

Services Matrix

Integration Inventory Systems on a Page

Business Process Flowsand Scenarios

Future State

TechnologyStandards Business StrategyFuture State Services

Matrix

Future State Logical Architecture Vision

Road Map

List of Initiatives

Prioritization Model

Architecture MigrationMaps

Short Term Roadmap

Long Term Roadmap

Timeless/Evolutionary

Enterprise Data Model

Architectural Review

Process

IT Governance Process

Architectural

Principles

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

13/19

Business Architecture

Blue Print for the Business - The Enterprise BusinessArchitecture defines the formal link between the enterprisebusiness strategy and the results predicted from supportingstrategic initiatives.

The Business Architecture is necessary as a means of

demonstrating the business value of subsequent TechnicalArchitecture work to key stakeholders, and the return oninvestment to those stakeholders from supporting andparticipating in the subsequent work.

Allows the business to grow by design rather than by seat-of-pants

Some available models:

BPM

Use Case Model

Class Model

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

14/19

Application Architecture

An Enterprises Application architecture needs to span acrossall business units of an organization deliver appropriatesolutions as technology and business requirements evolve andnew business processes emerge over time.

Key questions to answer

Application Strategy "What To Deliver?" Technology Strategy "What To Deliver It On?"

Design Strategy "How To Build It? (in the most cost-effective and flexible way)

Goal of an Enterprise Architecture is Integration of diverse

business applications to provide Data (information) integration

Process integration: linking business processes acrossapplications.

Vendor independence

Common facade

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

15/19

Data Architecture

Data architecture defines how data is stored, managed, andused in a system. It establishes common guidelines for dataoperations that make it possible to predict, model, gauge, andcontrol the flow of data in the system.

Some Key Questions:

how data is persistently stored

how components and processes reference and manipulatethis data

how external/legacy systems access the data

interfaces to data managed by external/legacy systems implementation of common data operations

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

16/19

Technology Architecture

A Technology Architecture blueprints the strategy of informationtechnology to be utilized as part of the organization's overallbusiness strategy.

It should provide metrics to assess the value of IT investments

prioritize IT initiatives

channel IT spending to increase the return on investmentwhile maintaining an acceptable risk-reward balance.

This architecture will comprise of:

Logical architecture of all IT systems

Physical architecture of all IT systems

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

17/19

MICROSOFT

.NET FrameWork Common Language Runtime

(CLR) Microsoft .NET Microsoft Certifications - Links Microsoft Cluster Services Microsoft Component Object

Model (COM) Microsoft Office Software Microsoft Technologies for

Designing E-Commerce Web Sites Microsoft Solutions for Mobile

App. Development Visual C++

Visual Basic (VB) Links Visual Basic (VB) .NET Visual Studio .NET Microsoft Internet Information

Server (IIS) Microsoft Transaction Server

(MTS)

Windows XP Editions Windows Server 2003 Microsoft ODBC Windows 2000 Links Windows CE Links Windows on Linux Tools

Windows NT Utilities Windows Programming Windows XP Links Windows Vista ActiveX SQL Server COM DOM ASP

http://www.peterindia.net/DotNETFrameWork.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/CommonLanguageRuntime(CLR).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/CommonLanguageRuntime(CLR).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/DotNETView.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftCertificationResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftClusterServices.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMOverview.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMOverview.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftOffice.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftMobileSolutions.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftMobileSolutions.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VisualC++.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VBALinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VBdotNET.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VisualStudiodotNET.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftInternetInformationServer(IIS).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftInternetInformationServer(IIS).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MTS.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MTS.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsXPView.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/Windows2003Links.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ODBCLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/Windows2000Links.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsCELinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsOnLinuxTools.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsNTUtilities.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsProgrammingResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsXPLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsVista.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ActiveXLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/SQLServerLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/DOMLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ASPLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ASPLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/DOMLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/SQLServerLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ActiveXLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsVista.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsXPLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsProgrammingResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsNTUtilities.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsOnLinuxTools.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsCELinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/Windows2000Links.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/ODBCLinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/Windows2003Links.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/WindowsXPView.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MTS.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MTS.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftInternetInformationServer(IIS).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftInternetInformationServer(IIS).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VisualStudiodotNET.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VBdotNET.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VBALinks.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/VisualC++.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftMobileSolutions.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftMobileSolutions.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftE-commerce.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftOffice.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMOverview.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/COMOverview.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftClusterServices.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftCertificationResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftCertificationResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftCertificationResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/MicrosoftCertificationResources.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/DotNETView.htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/CommonLanguageRuntime(CLR).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/CommonLanguageRuntime(CLR).htmlhttp://www.peterindia.net/DotNETFrameWork.html

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

18/19

SUN

Application and Integration Services Application Development

Desktop Multimedia, Web Browsers Enterprise Computing

Solaris Enterprise System

Sun Java Enterprise System Sun Java System Suites

Hardware Drivers

High Performance Computing Shared Visualization Identity Management

Java and Technologies

Operating Systems Solaris, Sun Cobalt Patches and Updates

Systems Administration

7/29/2019 Application Design & Architecture

19/19

ORACLE

BI and Data Warehousing

Embedded

Java Developer

Linux PHP Developer

PL/SQL

Service-Oriented Architecture

XML