APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGYVOLUME 54 DECEMBER 1988 NUMBER 12

Lars G. Ljungdahl, Editor in Chief (1990)University of GeorgiaAthensRobert A. Bender, Editor (1992)University of MichiganAnn ArborRonald L. Crawford, Editor (1992)University of IdahoMoscow

Robert B. Hespell, Editor (1990)Northern Regional Research CenterAgricultural Research ServicePeoria, Ill.

Robert J. Maier, Editor (1990)The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, Md.Kenneth W. Nickerson, Editor

(1992)University of NebraskaLincolnRobert P. Williams, Editor (1990)Baylor College of MedicineHouston, Tex.

EDITORIAL BOARDDonald G. Ahearn (1990)Danny E. Akin (1989)Noelle Amarger (1988)David R. Benson (1989)Kostia Bergman (1990)Robert Blanchette (1989)Hans Blaschek (1989)David R. Boone (1990)Peter J. Bottomley (1989)Don K. Button (1989)George M. Carman (1990)Carl Cerniglia (1988)Arun Chatterjee (1989)Maribeth A. Cousin (1989)Donald Crawford (1988)Kurt Dahlberg (1989)Patrick Davis (1988)Frank Dazzo (1988)Walter Dobrogosz (1989)Stanley L. Erlandsen (1990)Douglas Eveleigh (1988)James G. Ferry (1988)Howard Fields (1990)Madilyn M. Fletcher (1990)

Cecil Forsberg (1988)Shelby Freer (1988)William C. Ghiorse (1990)Michael S. Gilmore (1990)D. Jay Grimes (1990)Charles N. Haas (1990)Pat B. Hamilton (1989)Walter Hill (1989)John C. Hoff (1988)Alan Hooper (1990)Lonnie 0. Ingram (1989)Thomas W. Jeffries (1988)Anna Johnson-Winegar (1988)David M. Karl (1988)Gary M. King (1990)Steffan Kjelleberg (1988)Todd R. Klaenhammer (1989)Allan E. Konopka (1988)Roger Korus (1989)Thomas Langworthy (1989)Donald J. LeBlanc (1990)Mary L. Lidstrom (1988)David A. Low (1990)Eugene L. Madsen (1989)

George L. Marchin (1990)Edward 0. Mason, Jr. (1990)Thomas L. Mason (1990)Michael McInerney (1989)Aaron L. Mills (1990)Harry D. Nash (1989)Kenneth H. Nealson (1990)Louise Nelson (1989)James D. Oliver (1990)Tairo Oshima (1990)Hans W. Paerl (1990)Samuel A. Palumbo (1988)Peter A. Pattee (1990)James J. Pestka (1989)John Pfeffer (1988)Allen T. Phillips (1989)Wesley 0. Pipes (1989)Jeanne S. Poindexter (1988)Robert Ramaley (1989)John N. Reeve (1990)John L. Richard (1990)Donald C. Robertson (1990)John P. Rosazza (1988)James B. Russell (1989)

Gary Sayler (1988)Peter M. Scott (1990)Ramon J. Seidler (1988)Norva! A. Sinclair (1988)C. Jeff Smith (1988)M. Scott Smith (1988)Mark D. Sobsey (1990)Jim Spain (1990)Kemet Spence (1988)Gary Stacey (1988)Norman J. Stern (1988)Lawrence S. Sturman (1989)John Sutherland (1989)Barrie F. Taylor (1988)Richard Unz (1990)Peter Van Berkum (1989)Vincent Varel (1988)Edward Voss (1990)Richard L. Ward (1988)Bryan A. White (1990)Lloyd Witter (1988)A. Aristides Yayanos (1990)Lily Young (1989)Stanley A. Zahler (1988)

Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications BoardLinda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals

Kirk Jensen, Director of PublicationsJohn N. Bell, Production Editor

Applied and Environmental Microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W.,Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of applied knowledge as well as ecological knowledge, both appliedand fundamental, concerning microorganisms. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available fromthe editors and the Publications Department. Applied and Environmental Microbiology is published monthly, one volume per year. Thenonmember subscription price is $220 per year; single copies are $30. The member subscription price is $35 (foreign, $56 [air drop shipping])per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, nonreceipt ofjournals, reprints, defective copies, availability of backissues, and lost or late proofs should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 1 St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006 (phone: 202-833-9680).

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Author IndexAkin, D. E., 3019Alexander, Martin, 3177Amner, Wendy, 3107Anderson, D. H., 3086Anink, Desiree M. E., 2894Arp, Daniel J., 3187Asther, Marcel, 3194Atlas, Ronald M., 2908, 3183Aust, Steven D., 2885

Bar-Gilissen, Marie-Jose B.,3113

Bej, Asim K., 2908Bell, Richard H., 3003Benftez, Tahia, 3126Bigham, Jerry M., 3101Bland, Lee A., 3122Bleakley, Bruce H., 2986Bloem, Jaap, 3113Boizet, Brigitte, 3014Bolan, Gail A., 3122Bollag, J.-M., 3086Bouchard, Jean, 3064Boyd, Stephen A., 2976Brockman, F. J., 2916Bumpus, John A., 2885

Capdevila, Cecile, 3194Cappenberg, Thomas E., 3113Carr, Noel, 3071Carson, Loretta A., 3122Chassy, Bruce M., 3014Chattopadhyay, S., 3180Chen, Shiow-Wen, 3156Chu, F. S., 2959Clark, Douglas S., 3039Cook, Alasdair M., 3034Corrieu, Georges, 3194Crawford, Don L., 3057Crichton, Caroline, 2971Cusick, Lucy B., 3122

Datta, Atin R., 2933Deinema, Maria H., 2894Dietzler, David N., 3142Douglas, Susan E., 3071

Edwards, Clive, 3107Eggink, Gerrit, 2924

Fan, T. S. L., 2959Fathepure, Babu Z., 2976Favero, Martin S., 3122Flickinger, Jeannette L., 3014

Fredrickson, J. K., 2916Friedrich, Barbel, 3173Fukui, Sakuzo, 3147

Garbow, Joel R., 2953Gaskins, Murray H., 2986Ghosh, Amit, 3180Ghosh, Ranjit K., 3180Giroux, Helene, 3064Goks0yr, Jostein, 2908Good, Robert C., 3122Grishin, Sergei I., 3092, 3101Guilmette, Helene, 3169Guinea, Jesus, 3138

Haas, Charles N., 2996Haggblom, Max M., 3043Hallas, Laurence E., 2953Heller, Barbara, 2996Hertel, Greg, 3057Hicks, R. J., 2916Hoff, Kjell Arne, 2949Hubbell, David H., 2986Huisman, Gjalt W., 2924Hyman, Michael R., 3187

Imanaka, Tadayuki, 3162

Jacob, Gary S., 2953Jay, James M., 3003Jeffrey, Wade H., 3165Jimenez, Juan, 3126Johnson, Michael G., 3185Johnstone, Brian H., 2890Jones, Ronald D., 2890Jones, Stephen H., 3177Juang, Ray-Yeng, 3156Jurek, Maria A., 2885

Kaneuchi, Choji, 3053Kaper, James B., 3180Katinakis, Panagiotis, 3008Kator, Howard, 2902Ketelaar, Peter, 2924Kimack, Nancee M., 2953King, Christopher H., 3023King, Gary M., 3079Kishore, Ganesh M., 2953Klein Lankhorst, Rend M.,

3008Komagata, Kazuo, 3053Koopman, Joop P., 2971Kozlowski, Maya, 3169

Lageveen, Roland G., 2924

Lamy, Francois, 3064Leckie, Mary P., 3142Leisinger, Thomas, 3034Li, S. W., 2916Lifshitz, Ran, 3169Lin, Sheun-Fuh, 3156Linkfield, Timothy G., 2938Loessner, Martin J., 3003Longo, Elisa, 3126Loren, Jose G., 3138Ludlow, Jan M., 3039

Machida, Makoto, 3147Macrae, Sharmane, 3133Maki, James S., 2964Martin, Scott A., 3019McCarthy, Alan J., 3107McClary, Shane P., 3185Messi, Ferruccio, 3034Midtvedt, Tore, 2971Mileski, Gerald J., 2885Miller, Jay F., 3039Mitchell, Ralph, 2964Moore, Kerry J., 3185Mormile, Melanie R., 3183Murton, Ian B., 3187

Nair, G. Balakrish, 3180Nakai, Hiroaki, 3162Nelson, Chad M., 3039Newbold, C. James, 2981Nies, Anke, 3173Nohynek, Liisa J., 3043

Ohtsuki, Isao, 3147Oku, Yuichi, 3180

Pal, Sudhir C., 3180Paul, John H., 3165Porter, Karen G., 3023Preusting, Hans, 2924

Ramachandra, Muralidhara,3057

Reingold, Arthur L., 3122Rhodes, Martha W., 2902Robarts, Richard D., 3191Roth, William G., 3142Rouse, Dwight, 2964

Salkinoja-Salonen, Mirja S.,3043

Schaefer, Jacob, 2953Schneider, Beate, 3173

Scholtz, Rudolf, 3034Schubring, S. L., 2959Seki, Masako, 3053Shah, Nilesh N., 3039Shelef, Leora A., 3003Shook, Darlene, 2933Shotts, Emmett B., Jr., 3023Shuttleworth, K. L., 3086Starink, Mathieu, 3113Steffan, Robert J., 2908Stevens, Todd O., 2938, 2944

Takeda, Tae, 3180Takeda, Yoshifumi, 3180Tamura, Gakuzo, 3156Tannock, Gerald W., 2971Thomson, Jennifer A., 3133Tiedje, James M., 2938, 2944Tomei, Francisco A., 2964Trias, Joaquim, 3138Trucksess, Mary W., 2933Tsai, Ying-Chieh, 3156Tuovinen, Olli H., 3092, 3101

van den Bos, Rommert C.,3008

van Groenestijn, Johan W.,2894

van Kammen, Albert, 3008Van Staden, Johannes, 3133Vidal, Pierre, 3064Vinias, Miquel, 3138Vlekke, Gerard J. F. M., 2894

Wallace, R. John, 2981Wei, R. D., 2959Welling, Gjalt W., 2971Wentz, Barry A., 2933Wicks, Richard J., 3191Witholt, Bernard, 2924Wooley, Richard E., 3023

Yamasaki, Makari, 3156Yamashita, Ichiro, 3147

Zam, Stephan G., 2986Zehnder, Alexander J. B.,

2894Zhang, Min, 3162

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The following served as invited special reviewers for the journal during 1988, and their help is greatly appreciated.

Michael AdamsMichael J. AdangMilton J. AllisonJan AndreesenRobert E. Andrews, Jr.Ronald AtlasEdward BalishJ. A. BarnettYoav BashanRobert BaughnEdward BellionJoan W. BennettMarian N. BeremandRodney BergColin BerryDavid BezdicekCarl A. BilinskiLinda F. BissonPeter Bj0rnsenGregory BohachB. Ben BohloolKarin D. BreunigJohn BrewerJames BrierleyJohn BrockwellPaul BrodaLloyd B. BullermanB. J. CatleyA. M. ChakrabartyGlenn ChamblissJill ClarridgeKeith ClayAllen CollmerTyrell ConwayDonald CookseyMichael A. CottaGraham A. CoucheMichael CoughlanElizabeth CraigPerry CreganS. A. CrowDiane L. CrudenRowland H. DavisKarl A. DawsonBurk A. DehorityMartin DickmanMichael DilworthGary Ditta

Harry DouthitHarold DrakeJohannis A. DuineAlan EagleshamAbdul El-SharrawiBert ElyDavid EmerichMary EstesSamuel R. FarrahBrian A. FedericiTurlough FinanRobert K. FinnWilliam R. FinnertyDennis FochtDonna FoxRolf FreterDavid FriedmanRoy FuchsJed FuhrmanMelvin FullerWendell GaugerCynthia Gawron-BurkeCharles P. GerbaTom L. GlassMichael H. GoldMilton GordonG. GottschalkRichard V. GreeneDennis GrossMary Lou GuerinotCameron R. HackneyBarbel Hahn-HagerdalRichard HansonPaul HartmanRobert HausingerKevin HazenHauke HenneckeRobert HomerRichard A. HullChriston J. HurstPhillip B. HylemonJohn landoloW. B. IturrianAkio IwashimaJ. Michael JandaHolger W. JannaschStefan JamoskiM. Jenkins

Eric JohnsonC. W. JonesGarth JonesBo Barker J0rgensenElliot JuniC. I. KadoJeff KamsJames L. KerwinHarold KeyserMarilyn B. KilgenT. K. KirkRoger KnowlesArnold S. KregerRajiv K. KulkamiCletus KurtzmanLeslie C. LaneRobert LaRossaTom LaRueRichard LawtonJ. A. Z. LeedleMarlena LewandowskaJim LigonEivind B. LillehojSteven LindowJohn LipscombGerald LlewellynDavid LyerlyAnthony MacalusoRoderick MackieJoan MacyA. J. MarkovetzJ. MarmurCarl MarrsPhyliss MartinScott MartinFrank MayerLee McBrideSusan McCormickR. MeagerTheodore G. MetcalfOrtwin MeyerC. J. MirochaRaj MitraDavid MooreLarry MooreAndrew MortMike MurphyGanapathy Muthukumar

D. D. MyroldT. G. NagarajaDave NagleFrederick NeidhardtAustin NewtonWalter G. Niehaus, Jr.Dale NoelDonald NussDave OdelsonPaul OefingerDavid OliverVincent OlivieriBetty OlsonEric OlsonGeorge OrdalKirk O'ReillyCindy OrserJohn OstermanFred OwensDale OxenderWilliam PageMichael W. ParizaBruce PasterAndr,ej PasXc4ynskiJerome J. PaulinJohn F. PeberdyIan PepperJ. J. PerryMary Ann PfannenstielHerman J. PhaffAllen PhillipsWesley 0. PipesAlan PrzybylaJohn PurvianceV. PuvanesarajahSteve RagsdaleMark A. RasmussenC. A. ReddyScott R. RippeyJoe A. RobinsonBarry RolfeAntonio H. RomanoEugene RosenbergDominique M. RousseauMichael SadowskyAbigail SalyersDuane SavageDwayne C. Savage

Mark SchellEdwin SchmidtThomas SchmidtEduardo SchroederMilton SchrothRobert D. SchwartzSteven SchwartzbachOdette ShotwellThressa C. StadtmanCharles StagerThad StantonLarry R. SteensonNat StemnbergK. StetterTodd StevensJohn StreeterPeter F. StromLarry StultsFred J. StutzenbergerPatrick A. SullivanRobert SullivanAnne SummersMichael TanseyMike TheodorouJames TiedjeKenneth TimmisPaul TomasekEd ToppLeroy TownsendWilliam TrumbleH. Van HalbeekRoss VirginiaTom WacekBarry WannerRobert WatsonCarol L. WellsRobert WetzelDavid C. WhitePeter J. WhiteHelen WhiteleyReed WicknerJuergen WiegelDavid WilcoxTit-Yee WongH. G. WoodDwane E. WylieJ. G. Zeikus

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AUTHOR INDEX

VOLUME 54

Aaron, Debra K., 1341Abbas, Hamed K., 1268, 1930, 2277Abdelal, A. T., 1099Abe, Shin-nosuke, 2603Achen, Marc G., 655Ackermann, Hans-Wolfang, 188Adler, John H., 1882Aelion, C. Marjorie, 212Ahearn, Donald G., 1099, 2134, 2574Ahring, Birgitte K., 2393Aislabie, Jackie, 2197Akao, Taiko, 2027Akao, Teruaki, 2027Akin, D. E., 1117, 3019Akiyama, Masato, 818Al-Achi, Boutros Jadoun, 2432Albagnac, G., 441Albright, Lawrence J., 613Alcaide, Elena, 2771Aldrich, H. C., 1085Alexander, Martin, 2803, 2859, 3177Ali, A. N., 288, 1414Allard, Ann-Sofie, 2226Allard, Bert, 1689Allen, Martin J., 1595Allen, Steven P., 2322Amador, Josd A., 2342Amaro, Carmen, 2771Ambrosio, Riccardo E., 405Amner, Wendy, 3107Amon, James P., 1668Amrhein, Nikolaus, 1293, 2868Amy, Penny S., 1557Anast, Nick, 809Andersen, Roxanna N., 1046, 1957Anderson, Anne J., 375, 2037Anderson, D. H., 3086Anderson, David J., 555Anderson, James B., 1643Anderson, Peter, 990Ando, Yoshiji, 2096, 2101Andrews, J. H., 1430Andrykovitch, George, 1061Anink, Ddsirde M. E., 2894Ant6n, Josefa, 2381Apajalahti, Juha H. A., 683, 1818Arad, Shoshana (Malis), 2411Archer, David B., 835, 1003Arcos, Maria L., 2786Arita, Masatoshi, 2354Armstrong, John L., 343Arp, Daniel J., 3187Arruda, Paulo, 2833Arshad, Muhammad, 2728Arsuffi, T. L., 1876Artwohl, James, 2371Asakawa, Yutaka, 818Asensio, Miguel A., 1462Asher, Rodney A., 2293Asther, Marcel, 3194Atlas, Ronald M., 2185, 2192, 2197, 2472,

2908, 3183Attwood, Graeme T., 534, 1575Aust, Steven D., 2885Axelrood, Paige E., 1222Azegami, Koji, 844Aziz, T., 945Aznar, Rosa, 2771

Bachmann, A., 143, 548

Bacon, Charles W., 2615Badilla-Ohlbaum, Ricardo, 1694Baigorf, Mario, 1309Baldwin, William W., 105Bale, M. J., 972, 2756Banas, Jeffrey A., 2305, 2311Bank, Shelton, 2723Bankston, Patrick W., 105Bannerman, Elizabeth S., 165Bardin, Rene, 2500, 2636Bareil, M., 570Bar-Gilissen, Marie-Josd B., 3113Barkay, Tamar, 115Barnsley, E. A., 428Barra, Ricardo, 610Barraquio, Wilfredo L., 1313Bartha, Richard, 1719, 1724Bartlett, Douglas, 30Barton, Larry L., 1831Barton, Marlene R., 594Bassham, James A., 2737Bastien, Cathryn A., 271Bateson, Mary M., 1738Batt, Carl A., 1138, 1610Bauchop, Tom, 1637Bauer, James E., 1649Bautista, Lydia, 566Bazin, Michael J., 2174Beaman, Teofila C., 2515Bean, George, 2277Beaty, P. Shawn, 1570Beery, J. T., 2365Beguin, Pierre, 518Bej, Asim K., 2472, 2908Belas, Robert, 30Belay, Negash, 600Belbin, Lee, 1825Beliveau, Constance M., 364Bell, Richard H., 3003Bellemann, Peter, 2798Bemrick, William J., 2777Benitez, Tahia, 917, 3126Benner, Ronald, 1117, 1481Bennett, Jon L., 827Beremand, Marian N., 2759Berg, Gerald, 839, 1880Berg, James D., 2118Berger, Larry L., 1163Beringer, John E., 1812Berman, Donald, 507Bermddez, Madeline, 979Bernath, Sandor, 607Bernhardt, G., 1258, 2375Berset, Jean-Daniel, 1015Bertolini, Maria Celia, 2447Best, M., 2856Beuchat, Larry R., 1451, 1504Bezdicek, D. F., 446Biavati, Bruno, 768Bicho, Paul A., 50Bidochka, Michael J., 2699Biehl, M. L., 830Bigham, Jerry M., 3101Bille, Jacques, 165Billich, Andreas, 2504Bilous, Doris, 1023, 1170Bissett, Jacqueline, 855Bissonnette, Gary K., 1901Bissonnette, N., 183Bitton, Gabriel, 118, 1325Biziagos, Evangdlos, 2705

Bjourson, A. J., 2852Blagburn, B. L., 2580Blanchette, Robert A., 62Blanco, Carlos, 1466Blanco, Jose L., 1622Bland, Lee A., 1756, 3122Blankenship, L. C., 1104Blaschek, Hans P., 2322Bleakley, Bruce H., 2793, 2986Bloem, Jaap, 3113Bodily, Howard L., 158Bohanon, Michael J., 271Bohlool, B. Ben, 848, 1112, 1494Boizet, Brigitte, 3014Bolan, Gail A., 3122Bollag, J.-M., 74, 3086Boone, David R., 2064Boquien, Clair-Yves, 2527Boronin, A. M., 1587Borrego, Juan J., 2786Bothast, R. J., 890Bouchard, Jean, 3064Boucias, D. G., 1795Bourquin, Al W., 115Boyd, Stephen A., 327, 2976Brackett, Robert E., 1451Bradshaw, Joe G., 364Brandl, Helmut, 1977Braymer, H. D., 1886Brenner, Kristen P., 409Briggs, Elizabeth H., 364Brock, Barry J., 1143Brockman, F. J., 446, 2916Brom, Susana, 1280Brooker, John D., 534, 1575Brown, John, 760Bruhn, D. F., 2591Brunel, Brigitte, 2636Bryant, Frank O., 460Brynhildsen, Lena, 1689Buendia-Claveria, Ana M., 1812Bugos, Robert C., 1882Bumpus, John A., 1143, 2885Bundle, D., 2536Bunning, V. Kelly, 364Burbank, Dwight E., 2170Burg, Kornel, 607Burger, B. V., 1700Burkhardt, William, III, 1874Burris, Robert H., 87Busscher, H. J., 837Butler, Lawrence J., 2677Butman, Bryan T., 1564

Cabrera, Ezequiel, 1262Cadez, P., 2220Cameron, David R., 1420Campbell, L. Leon, 2318Campbell, Warren L., 197Capdevila, Cecile, 3194Capone, Douglas G., 1649Cappenberg, Thomas E., 3113Carito, Sebastian L., 2838Carmichael, W. W., 2257Carr, Noel, 3071Carriere, Jacques F., 910Carson, Loretta A., 1756, 3122Casas, Ivan A., 2599Cascino, J. J., 1430Casiano-Col6n, Aida, 1318

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Casida, L. E., Jr., 2161Caspritz, Gert, 1068Cassens, Robert G., 497Castle, Alan J., 1643Cawthon, Cheryl D., 649, 2492Cech, J. S., 619Cera, Lee, 2371Cerniglia, Carl E., 197, 1612, 2415, 2549,

2556Chaffey, Brian J., 1541Chakrabarty, S. L., 2152Chan, Amy M., 1426Chang, Man-Huei, 699Chang, Wen-Teh, 1838Chao, Wei-Liang, 1838Charon, Nyles W., 728Charrel, M., 2073Chartrain, M., 10Chartrand, Pierre, 1550Chassy, Bruce M., 3014Chatterjee, Pramita, 115Chattopadhyay, S., 3180Chaudhry, G. Rasul, 288, 1414, 2203Chaufaux, J., 2689Chelm, Barry K., 703Chen, Guangjiong, 872, 2742Chen, Jiann-Shin, 642Chen, Ling-Yun, 984Chen, Shiow-Wen, 3156Chen, Wei, 1249, 1254, 2300Chen, Ya-Lei, 2179Chin-Leo, Gerardo, 1934Chiong, Mario, 610Chiovetti, Robert, 1831Chou, Cheng-Chun, 688Chourasia, H. K., 842Chow, Joseph J., 1138Christensen, Peter Bondo, 2245Christensen, Rella P., 158Christensen, S0ren, 1409Chrzanowski, Thomas H., 661, 1868Chu, F. S., 2959Chudoba, J., 619Clark, C. Scott, 409Clark, Douglas S., 3039Clavet, Charles R., 1874Cleyet-Marel, Jean-Claude, 2636Cline, J. H., 1946Cochran, R. C., 2510Cohen, Yehuda, 176Collin, J. F., 2073Collins, Michael T., 910Colson, Charles, 302Colwell, Rita R., 1051, 1284Combrinck, S., 1700Comeau, Dorothy E., 1426Comeau, Yves, 2325Compeau, Geoffrey, 2432Connell, Hugh, 1615Conrad, Ralf, 590Conway, T., 397Conway de Macario, Everly, 79, 600, 693,

835Cook, Alasdair M., 2819, 3034Cook, Mark E., 596Cook, Mary K., 2677Cooksey, Donald A., 884Cooper, David G., 1420Cooper, J. E., 2852Corrieu, Georges, 2527, 3194Cortez, L., 2203Cosby, W. Mark, 2599Costantino, Nina, 996

Costerton, J. William, 1365, 1373, 1383Cotta, Michael A., 772Cotty, P. J., 274Courchesne, Daniele, 1550Courtois, Stephane, 302Coveney, Michael F., 2018Cox, David L., 2862Cozar, E., 2478Crance, Jean-Marc, 2705Craven, Stephen E., 1104, 2042Crawford, Don L., 1334, 2237, 3057Crawford, Ronald G., 364Crawford, Ronald L., 62, 594, 2452Creach, O., 2167Cregan, Perry B., 803, 1907Crichton, Caroline, 2971Crow, Vaughan L., 1892Crozier, Alan, 2833Cruz-Cruz, Norma E., 2574Cubo, M. Teresa, 1812Cummings, John H., 2750Cunningham, J. Douglas, 50Cuppels, Diane A., 629Curry, Claudia, 476Cusack, F., 1373Cusick, Lucy B., 1756, 3122Custer, C., 1104

Daeschel, M. A., 1627Dallmier, Anthony W., 581Dalsgaard, Inger, 2264Daly, Charles, 1230, 1951D'Amore, Tony, 110Daniel, Roy M., 622Daniels, Lacy, 600Darbord, Jacques Christian, 1581Dashkevicz, Michael P., 337Datta, Atin R., 2933David, Andrew W., 718Davidson, Barrie E., 655, 1039Davila, Guillermo, 848, 1280Davis, Patrick J., 2268Dawson, Karl A., 1341Day, Martin J., 555, 972, 2756de Bruin, W., 143, 548DeFlaun, Mary F., 718, 1682Dehority, B. A., 1946Deinema, Maria H., 2894de Kok, Theo M., 1126Delclos, K. Barry, 197de Leij, Loe, 2250Deloince, Robert, 2705de Mendoza, Diego, 1309Demeyer, Daniel I., 832DeNucci, Allan, 1394DePaola, Angelo, 617, 1861De Pauw, G., 2112de Reuver, Marjon J. B., 239de Ruiz Holgado, Afda P., 1309Desmazeaud, Michel J., 2527de Vicente, Antonio, 2786de Vrind-de Jong, E. W., 2140DeWeerd, Kim A., 1237Dey, Susanta K., 2152Dietzler, David N., 3142Djordjevic, Michael A., 2541Dobrogosz, Walter J., 824, 2599Dodd, Christine E. R., 1541Dodge, C. J., 1009Doke, Sunao, 2144Dolfing, Jan, 1871Dombek, K. M., 98

Domelsmith, Linda N., 1784Domingue, E. L., 741Dominguez, Lucas, 1622Donnelly, Catherine W., 364Donnelly, Paula K., 2237Douglas, Susan E., 3071Downes, Malcolm T., 172Doyle, Michael P., 497, 2365Dubel, J. R., 264Dubourguier, H. C., 441Ducklow, Hugh W., 791Du Cros, Eric Teissier, 2500Dudman, William F., 1825Duff, John H., 1071Dumont, Ann, 1313Dupont, Herbert L., 1673Durham, Don R., 996Durham, Rebecca J., 1564Dutka, B. J., 1632Dwyer, Daryl F., 1354

Edberg, Stephen C., 1595Edwards, Clive, 3107Eggink, Gerrit, 2924Egli, Christine, 2819Eicher, Petra, 490Eklund, M. W., 1405El-Abagy, M. M., 1632Elder, E. D., 2583Elliott, Larry P., 218El-Swaify, S. A., 945Erlandsen, Stanley L., 2777Ernandes, Jose Roberto, 2447Eschedor, J. T., 2257Escobar, Blanca, 1694Espejo, Romilio T., 1694Evans, Patrick J., 1662Eyssen, H., 2112

Fahey, George C., Jr., 1163Falkenstein, Hildegard, 2798Fallon, R. D., 1876Fan, Jin-Yuan, 699Fan, T. S. L., 2959Farfas, Ricardo N., 2107Farrah, Samuel R., 118, 1325, 2650Fathepure, Babu Z., 327, 2976Favero, Martin S., 1756, 3122Fedorak, Phillip M., 1243Feighner, Scott D., 337Fenters, James D., 1744Ferley, J. P., 2073Ferry, James G., 768Fielding, Elizabeth R., 835Fields, Barry S., 2677Fiksdal, Liv, 2118Finette, Barry A., 1498Fitzgerald, Gerald F., 1230Fitzgibbon, Joseph, 1886Flesher, Berdena, 1079Flickinger, Jeannette L., 3014Fliermans, C. B., 1709Flint, Harry J., 855Flynn, Pauline A., 1776, 1861Focht, D. D., 1940, 2683Foisner, Roland, 2608Forsberg, Cecil W., 1488Fox, R. L., 945Francis, A. J., 74, 1009Frankenberger, W. T., Jr., 2728Franklin, Michael J., 1151Franklin, Wirt, 197, 2549

ii AUTHOR INDEX

AUTHOR INDEX iii

Fredrickson, J. K., 446, 2916Freeman, James P., 2556Freier, Doris, 204Friedman, Orit (Dahan), 2411Friedrich, Barbel, 3173Frisvad, Jens C., 1504Froseth, Barrie R., 2136Fry, Brian, 250Fry, J. C., 972, 2756Fryer, J. L., 1606Fu, Haian, 87Fuhrman, Jed A., 1426Fujii, Nobuhiro, 69Fujii, Takao, 583Fujii, Toshio, 38Fujikawa, Hiroshi, 2345Fukuda, Hideo, 583Fukui, Sakuzo, 3147Fukushima, Hiroshi, 818Fulghum, Robert S., 1210Fuller, R. Clinton, 1977Fultz, Sara A., 2460

Gandy, Edwin L., 2031Garay, Esperanza, 2771Garayzabal, Jose F. F., 1622Garbow, Joel R., 2953Garcfa, Jose A., 1622Garcfa-Valdes, E., 2478Gardner, Robert M., 1634Garduno, Fermin, 277Gareis, Manfred, 225Garleb, Keith A., 1163Gascoyne, Deborah J., 2174Gaskins, Murray H., 2986Gattie, David K., 434Gaya, Pilar, 566Geider, Klaus, 2798Gelderblom, W. C. A., 1700, 1806Genthner, Fred J., 115Gerhardt, Philipp, 2515Germida, James J., 257Gernhardt, Petra, 734Gest, Howard, 250Ghangas, Gurdev S., 2521Ghosh, Amit, 3180Ghosh, Ranjit K., 3180Gibson, David T., 1399, 1498, 1703, 2415Gibson, Glenn R., 2750Gibson, Jane, 712Gidney, M. A. J., 2536Gierzak, John, 2619Gifford, George E., 118Giladi, Hilla, 1297Gilkes, Neil, 476Gilliland, S. E., 898Gilmer, Penny J., 951Giroux, Helene, 3064Giuseppin, Marco L. F., 2086Glatz, Bonita A., 748Glick, Bernard R., 638Gloer, James B., 861Gocke, Klaus, 784Goelling, Detlef, 1889Goks0yr, Jostein, 2908Golden, David A., 1451Golemboski, Christine, 642Golinski, Piotr, 2147Golovleva, L. A., 1587G6mez-Lucfa, Esperanza, 1622Gonzdlez, Enrique, 610Good, Robert C., 3122

Goodson, J., 1946Goodwin, Steve, 590Goossens, Valere, 851Gorris, Leon G., 1126Goto, Etsuo, 1511Gottlieb, A., 317Gould, S. L., 1930Goyke, Tamara, 309Goynes, Wilton R., 1784Greening, R. C., 502Grindley, J. F., 1770Grishin, Sergei I., 3092, 3101Grivet, J. P., 441Gross, Dennis C., 1345Gross, Richard A., 1977Guerin, William F., 929, 937Guilmette, Helene, 3169Guilvout, Ingrid, 2594Guinea, Jesuis, 3138Gurijala, Koteswara R., 2859Gustafsson, L., 2220Guthrie, Ellen P., 1964

Haandrikman, Alfred J., 231, 239Haas, Charles N., 2069, 2996Habibzadegah-Tari, Pouran, 375Habte, M., 945Hack, Rudiger, 2328Haggblom, Max M., 683, 1818, 3043Haggblom, Per, 2361Hagstrom, Ake, 1426Hahm, Young Tae, 1610Hahn, Matthias, 55Haigler, Billy E., 294Hall, Kenneth J., 2325Hallas, Laurence E., 2953Hamasaki, Takashi, 2096, 2101Hambleton, Peter, 1761Hammond, Earl G., 748Hanel, Heinz, 1068Hankinson, T. R., 1536Hanson, Richard S., 271, 2452Hardy, K. G., 1770Harmon, D. L., 2510Harper, Linda L., 2586Harris, R. F., 1430Hartman, P., 619Hartmann, Anton, 87Harwood, Caroline S., 712Hashizume, Terutaka, 2603Hatcher, P. G., 1051Hattori, Hiroyuki, 2603Hayashi, Michiaki, 818Hayashi, Yumiko, 2354Hayashida, Shinsaku, 1516, 1523, 2058Hayes, J. M., 250Hazen, Terry C., 1, 513, 979, 2331, 2574Hegde, S. V., 94Heine-Dobbemack, E., 454Heitkamp, Michael A., 1612, 2549, 2556Heller, Barbara, 2069, 2996Hendrix, C. M., 2580Hennecke, Hauke, 55Henson, J. Michael, 1570Herbes, Stephen E., 951Herman, Richard E., 2136Hem, Stephen, 1557Hertel, Greg, 3057Hespell, Robert B., 890, 1085, 1917Heuvelman, Kees J., 531Hewitt, Gary M., 1015Heym, Gloria A., 1304

Hicks, R. J., 2916Hieda, Tadaharu, 2354Hijnen, W. A. M., 2842Hill, Colin, 1230Hill, Dymphna, 239Hillier, Alan J., 655, 1039Hirshfield, Irvin N., 1855Ho, Frank-Ming, 688Hodson, Robert E., 1481, 2054Hoff, John C., 507Hoff, Kjell Arne, 2949Hofte, Herman, 2010Holben, William E., 703Hollocher, Thomas C., 1791Holmes, W. Michael, 268Holzapfel, Wilhelm H., 405Hom, Sherman Siu Ming, 358Hongo, Motoyoshi, 137Hopkins, Linda H., 617Hoppe, Hans-Georg, 784Horak, R. M., 1806Horgen, Paul A., 1643Horikoshi, Koki, 1066Horn, Bruce W., 1096Hosoda, Akira, 1523Hovi, Tapani, 371Howard, Gary T., 218, 1752Howgrave-Graham, Alan R., 799Hsiao, Kuang-Ming, 984Hsieh, Dennis P. H., 1063Huang, Li, 1488Hubbard, James G., 661Hubbell, David H., 2986Hubert, Patrick, 1307Hudson, J. Andrew, 622Hugdahl, M. B., 2365Hughes, Christopher V., 1957Huisman, Gjalt W., 2924Hung, Ling-Ling L., 353Hunt, Madelyn D., 1673Huntjens, J. L. M., 143Hurlbert, Ronald E., 2320Huyer, Marianne, 2625Hwang, Huey-Min, 2054Hylemon, Phillip B., 268Hyman, Michael R., 3187Hynning, Per-Ake, 524, 2226

Ideta, Kohtaro, 2767Igarashi, Hideo, 2345Ikeguchi, Naoki, 381Imanaka, Tadayuki, 2881, 3162Inagaki, Kenji, 150, 153Ingram, L. O., 98, 397, 1085Inniss, William E., 638Inoue, Takashi, 38Inoue, Takehiro, 1516Irvin, Jean E., 2672Israel, Daniel W., 2387Iwahara, Masayoshi, 137Iyer, V. N., 2273Izaguirre, George, 2424

Jackson, Linda, 2123Jacob, Gary S., 2953Jaenicke, R., 1258, 2375Jakubowski, Walter, 2777Jannasch, Holger W., 1203Jansens, Stefan, 2010Janssens, Michele, 851Jansson, Janet K., 703Januschka, Mary, 2777

VOL. 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Jarvis, Audrey W., 777Jaskiewicz, K., 1806Jasmim, Janie M., 2833Jay, James M., 3003Jedlicki, Eugenia, 1694Jeffrey, Wade H., 331, 718, 1682, 3165Jellett, Joanne F., 1848Ji, Xiao-Bing, 1791Jimdnez, Juan, 917, 3126Johnson, Eric A., 753Johnson, Jennifer L., 497Johnson, Kristen A., 2619Johnson, Michael G., 3185Johnson, Randy, 600Johnston, Carl G., 1440Johnstone, Brian H., 2890Jonas, Robert B., 791Jones, David T., 676, 1289Jones, G. A., 1174Jones, Galen E., 929, 937Jones, Peter, 1033Jones, Ronald D., 2890Jones, Stephen H., 3177Jones, Winsome A., 1289J0rgensen, Bo Barker, 176Joutsjoki, Vesa, 245Juang, Ray-Yeng, 3156Jumelet, J. C., 548Juni, Elliot, 1304Jurek, Maria A., 2885

Kajino, Tsutomu, 1249, 1511Kajiura, Hiroko, 2603Kamei, Toshio, 2603Kamekura, Masahiro, 990, 2632Kamel, M., 1632Kamely, Daphne, 1776Kaneuchi, Choji, 3053Kang, Kyung Hee, 596Kaper, James B., 3180Kashket, Eva R., 1989Katagiri, Takayuki, 153Katinakis, Panagiotis, 3008Kato, Hajime, 844Kator, Howard, 2902Katsuta, Yumiko, 2603Kaufman, D. W., 2510Kawabata, Nariyoshi, 2532Kawakami, Hidekuni, 1254Kawamura, Osamu, 1302Kawanishi, Clinton Y., 1744Keister, Donald L., 423Keleti, Georg, 2677Kelley-Reitz, Diane J., 1874Kemker, Carla L., 281Kemp, Heather A., 1003Kemp, K. K., 2733Kennedy, M. E., 2856Keswick, Bruce H., 1673Ketcham, Robert B., 2318Ketelaar, Peter, 2924Keyser, Harold H., 803, 1907Khachatourians, George G., 1174, 2699Khan, A., 2664Kieft, Thomas L., 1678Kiene, Ronald P., 2208Kilburn, Douglas G., 518Kim, Choong-Hyun, 423Kim, Keun, 966Kim, Sang-Jin, 784Kimack, Nancee M., 2953Kimura, Kouichi, 69

Kimura, Takuhei, 1066King, A. Douglas, Jr., 822King, Christopher H., 3023King, Gary M., 130, 3079King, Laura K., 1630Kipphut, George W., 1440Kirchman, David L., 1934Kishimoto, Atsuko, 381Kishore, Ganesh M., 2953Klein, Albrecht, 734Klein Lankhorst, Rend M., 3008Klich, Maren A., 1784Klieve, Athol V., 1637Klowden, Marc J., 2320Knackmuss, Hans-Joachim, 1842Knowles, Roger, 1313Knudsen, Guy R., 343, 1557Kobashi, Kyoichi, 2027Kobayashi, Hester A., 693Kobayashi, Michihiko, 1030Kobayashi, Takekazu, 2632Koby, Simi, 1297Kohler, H.-P. E., 1940, 2683Kohler-Staub, D., 1940, 2683Kok, Jan, 231, 239Kolenbrander, Paul E., 1046, 1957Kolenc, Robert J., 638Komagata, Kazuo, 3053Komine, Tamotsu, 1330Kommedahl, T., 1930Kondo, Keiji, 38Kong, L. I., 2580Konig, H., 1258Konings, Wil N., 43, 2250Koopman, Joop P., 2971Korhola, Matti, 245Korthals, Eric T., 2003Kozlovsky, S. A., 1587Kozlowski, Maya, 3169Kriek, N. P. J., 1806Krishnan, B. Rajendra, 2273Kroon, Bermd M., 1126Kubicek, Christian P., 633Kuenen, J. Gijs, 2812Kuhn, Elmar P., 490Kulprecha, Songsri, 670Kunka, Blair S., 2349, 2578Kuriki, Takashi, 2881Kushner, Donn J., 990Kutney, James P., 1015Kuykendall, L. David, 423

Laan, Harry, 239, 2250Lageveen, Roland G., 2924Lajoie, Steven F., 2723Lakshmidevi, G., 1039Lalande, R., 183Lalucat, J., 2478Laluce, Cecflia, 2447Lambert, R., 830Lambou, Victor W., 1557Lambrecht, Randall S., 910Lamed, R. J., 1216Lamy, Franqois, 3064Langlois, Bruce E., 1341Langworthy, Thomas A., 1203Lanser, Janice A., 1591Lappin-Scott, H. M., 1365, 1373Lara, R. C., 898Larsen, Jens Laurits, 2264Larsson, Per, 1864Latge, J. P., 1795

Latus, Dorota, 1302Latus-Zietkiewicz, Dorota, 2147Lazarek, Stanislaw, 2149Le, Nguyen Thi, 2500Leak, Irene, 1341Lecadet, M.-M., 2689LeChevallier, Mark W., 649, 2492Leckie, Mary P., 3142Ledeboer, Aat M., 231Lee, Hung, 50Lee, Miau-Rong, 2335Lee, Monica J., 124, 1457Lee, Ramon G., 649, 2492Leedle, J. A. Z., 502Leenhouts, Kees J., 231Leffler, Deborah L., 1668Leffler, R. G., 1104Legmann, R., 323Leiker, Thomas J., 827Leisinger, Thomas, 2819, 3034Lejeune, Andrd, 302Leluan, Georges, 1581Lemmon, Joan, 1615Lenz, Robert W., 1977Lereclus, D., 2689Lesel, Rene, 2594Levanon, Avigdor, 1297Levesque, Roger C., 188Levy, Stuart B., 1776, 1861, 2432Lewis, David L., 434, 2054Lewis, Gillian D., 1983Lewis, Sherry M., 1163Li, Ren-Ki, 1838Li, S. W., 446, 2916Lidstrom, Mary E., 951Lifshitz, Ran, 3169Lighthart, Bruce, 1896Liljestrom-Suominen, Pirkko L., 245Lin, Jane H.-C., 416Lin, Sheun-Fuh, 3156Lindgren, Carin, 524Lindow, Steven E., 1557, 2281Ling, Kuo Huang, 585Lingens, Franz, 1199Linkfield, Timothy G., 2938Little, C. Deane, 951Ljungdahl, Lars G., 460Lo, Amy C., 2287Lobo, Anthony L., 1656Lobos, J. H., 1216Lockington, Robin A., 534, 1575Loesche, Walter J., 2305, 2311Loessner, Martin J., 3003Longo, Elisa, 3126Loren, Jose G., 3138Lovley, Derek R., 1472Ludemann, H.-D., 1258, 2375Ludlow, Jan M., 3039Lukacs, Klara, 607Lundgren, Bo V., 1689Lundin, R. E., 923Lupo, Davis, 588Luthy, Richard G., 1182, 1188

Macario, Alberto J. L., 79, 693, 835Macfarlane, George T., 2750Machida, Makoto, 3147MacKay, Ron M., 2287MacKenzie, C. Roger, 1023, 1170Mackie, Roderick I., 2155MacLeod, F. A., 1365Macler, Bruce A., 2737

iv AUTHOR INDEX

AUTHOR INDEX v

Macrae, Sharmane, 3133Mader, J. A., 264Madsen, E. L., 74Maehara, Masao, 670Mah, Robert A., 2064Mahaffey, William R., 2415Mahony, D. E., 264Maier, Robert J., 358Maiers, D. T., 2591Maki, James S., 2964Malina, Halina, 1109Mallonee, D. H., 168Maloney, S. E., 2874Mann, S., 2140Mannarelli, B., 1085Manning, Bradford W., 197Manning, Paul A., 1591Mansfield, Howard R., 1079, 1530Marasas, W. F. O., 1700, 1806Marquis, Robert E., 1318Marshall, Bonnie, 1776Marth, Elmer H., 2643Martin, Joel H., 1619Martin, Kendall, 2711Martin, Scott A., 3019Martin, Scott E., 581Martinez, Esperanza, 1280, 2825Martini, Alessandro, 2447Martini, Ann Vaughan, 2447Martlbauer, Erwin, 225, 2328Martouret, D., 2689Maruyama, Tsutomu, 577Marvalin, Olivier, 2149Marx, Irene, 1061Massa, Eddy M., 2107Mathew, Caluwadewa Deepal, 1030, 1766Mathis, Roland, 1307Matsunaga, Tadashi, 1330Mattingly, Jerome A., 1564Mattoon, James R., 966Mauger, Jacques, 1766Maule, A., 2874Mayberry, W. R., 741Mayfield, Colin I., 638Mayo, M. S., 2134Mazigh, Daniel, 2594McCarthy, Alan J., 3107McCarthy, Deborah M., 416McCarthy, Robert E., 1911, 1970McClain, Al, 2371McClary, Shane P., 3185McCombie, W. Richard, 1498McDaniel, C. Steven, 2586Mclnerney, Michael J., 1570McKay, Larry L., 1951, 2136McKinley, Vicky L., 1383McPhearson, R. M., 617, 1861Mead, Lorna J., 1174Means, Edward G., III, 2424Medina, Margarita, 566Mellano, Valerie J., 884Menasherov, Mazal, 540Menou, G., 2689Merckx, R., 2112Merker, Robert I., 2078Meronuck, R. A., 1930Merson, Richard L., 1446Meseguer, Inmaculada, 2381Messi, Ferruccio, 3034Messner, Kurt, 2608Metcalf, Theodore G., 1983Meyer, Richard F., 2838Michel, Charles B., 386

Midtvedt, Tore, 2971Mihelcic, James R., 1182, 1188Mikami, Yoichi, 2354Mikell, A. T., 1709Mileski, Gerald J., 2885Miller, Charles E., 2586Miller, Dwight W., 2556Miller, Jay F., 3039Miller, R. M., 1724Miller, Robert C., Jr., 476, 518Miller, Robert V., 1923Miller, Terry L., 2655, 2660, 2723Mirocha, Chester J., 1268, 1930, 2277Mise, Katsutoshi, 577Miski, Mahmut, 2268Mitchell, Ralph, 2964Miwatani, Toshio, 2144Miyaguchi, Masao, 2058Miyahara, Michiko, 577Mo, Kaiguo, 1523Moletta, R., 441Molyneaux, Stephen J., 1203Monnet, D., 2167Monteiro, Ana Maria, 2833Monteschio, Mary E., 281Montgomery, Douglas S., 1243Montgomery, Larry, 1079, 1163, 1530Montgomery, Stacy O., 604Moore, Kerry J., 3185Moore, Lillian V. H., 1957Moore, R. E., 2257Morel, Jean-Louis, 1325Morett, Enrique, 848Morgan, Michael R. A., 1003Mori, Manami, 150Moriguchi, Mitsuaki, 2767Morinligo, Miguel A., 2786Moriyama, Miki, 153Mormile, Melanie R., 3183Morotomi, Masami, 1158Mothershed, Cheryle P., 204Mountfort, Douglas O., 2293Mourey, Andre, 1307Mozo, Teresa, 1262Mseitif, L. M., 1405Muehlstein, Lisa K., 1668Mullen, Michael D., 2387Muller, Rudolf, 1199Munioa, F. J., 1715Murphy, Maeve C., 1951Murray, Christopher, 1591Murray, Robert E., 2711Murton, Ian B., 3187Mutai, Masahiko, 1158

Nabais, Regina C., 2439Nace, George W., 2305, 2311Nagaraja, T. G., 2510, 2733Nagasawa, Toru, 1030, 1766Nagashima, Kyo, 1249, 1511Nagayama, Satoshi, 1302Nagle, David P., Jr., 1237Nair, G. Balakrish, 3180Najm, Issam, 1277Nakahara, Hideomi, 2871Nakai, Hiroaki, 3162Nakajima, Hiromitsu, 2096Nakajima, Toshiaki, 1330Nakamura, Hiroshi, 2096Nakamura, Kunihiko, 2871Nakamura, Noriyuki, 1330Nakatsugawa, Shuji, 818

Nanri, Nobuya, 2058Narang, Saran A., 1023Nassos, Patricia S., 822National Collaborative Study, The, 1595Nautiyal, C. S., 94Nealson, Kenneth H., 1602, 2793Negr6n-Alvira, Abigail, 2331Neilson, Alasdair H., 524, 2226Nelson, Chad M., 3039Nelson, Michael J. K., 604Ndron, S., 570Neufeld, Ron J., 1420Newbold, C. James, 544, 2981Newcomb, Richard D., 1304Newell, S. Y., 1876Ng, Thomas K., 386Nickels, Janet, 1570Niel, Philippe, 1581Nielsen, Lars Peter, 2245Nielsen, Per V., 1504Nies, Anke, 3173Nihira, Takuya, 381, 670Nishibuchi, Mitsuaki, 2144Nishiguchi, Masayuki, 2532Nishimoto, Toshiaki, 2058Nishina, Tokuhiro, 818Nishino, Shirley F., 294Nishino, Toshiki, 670Nishiyama, Koushi, 844Nohynek, Liisa J., 3043Nomura, Yoshiyuki, 137Nordheim, E. V., 1430Normand, Philippe, 2636Notermans, Serve, 531Novais, Jdlio M., 903, 2439Novak, Patricia D., 358Nufiez, Manuel, 566

O'Brien, R. Douglas, 2281O'Bryan-Shah, P.J., 1917Odier, Etienne, 466Oesterhelt, Dieter, 990O'Gara, Fergal, 2877Ogawa, Takahira, 583Oguma, Keiji, 69Ogunseitan, O., 1923Ohashi, Hiroshi, 2603Ohmiya, Kunio, 1249, 1254, 1511, 2300Ohno, Tsuneya, 1158Ohta, Kazuyoshi, 2058Ohtani, Katsumi, 1302Ohtomo, Toshichika, 2486Ohtsuki, Isao, 3147Okada, Shigetaka, 2881Okla, Lennart, 1864Oku, Yuichi, 3180Oldham, William K., 2325O'Morchoe, Susan B., 1923Onaga, M. A., 1731O'Neill, Gary, 476Onishi, Hiroshi, 2632Oppenheim, Amos B., 1297Ordoniez, Juan A., 1462Oren, Rachel, 1297Orndorff, Steve A., 996Orvehed, Maria, 2361O'Sullivan, Daniel J., 2877Overman, Allen R., 118Owensby, C. E., 2510Owolabi, Joshua B., 518

Page, William J., 2123, 2625

VOL . 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Pajeau, Mark, 1911, 1970Pal, Sudhir C., 3180Palacios, Rafael, 848, 1280Palmieri, Michael J., 2838Palumbo, Anthony V., 951Panchal, Chandra J., 110Pancorbo, Oscar C., 118, 741Pankratz, H. Stuart, 2515Papoutsakis, Eleftherios T., 2717Pares, R., 1715Park, Chang S., 966Park, Jong-Hyun, 2881Parker, Bruce C., 1630Parrington, L., 2536Parsons, Laura L., 2711Passagot, Jacques, 2705Paster, Nachman, 540Paszczyniski, Andrzej, 62Paterek, J. Robert, 1360Patterson, G. M. L., 2257Paul, John H., 331, 718, 1682, 3165Paul, Maria A., 2677Pavlostathis, Spyros G., 2655, 2660Paynter, M. J. B., 1360Payton, M. A., 1770Payzant, John D., 1243Peeler, James T., 364Pendland, J. C., 1795Peng, Yun Wen, 585Pereira, Wilfred E., 827Perez de Castro, Begofia, 1462Perez-Rosas, Nerybelle, IPerez-Suarez, Ismael, 2331Perkowski, Juliusz, 2147Perlin, Michael H., 2472Perry, M. B., 2536Pertsova, R. N., 1587Peterkin, P., 2536Petrick, Hendrik A. R., 405Pfaender, Frederic K., 212Pfeffer, John T., 1277Pfeiffer, Peter, 1068Phelps, T. J., 1709Phillips, Elizabeth J. P., 1472Pijck, Jacques, 1436Pinero, Daniel, 2825Pipke, Rudiger, 1293, 2868Plank, Mary C., 1564Platsouka, Evangelia, 2432Plattner, Ronald D., 2759Pokorny, J. D., 1930Pol, Arjan, 832Pollock, Thomas J., 277Porteous, L. Arlene, 343Porter, Karen G., 3023Possot, Odile, 734Powell, Ian B., 655Poyry, Tuija, 371Poysky, F. T., 1405Preston, David R., 1325, 2650Preusting, Hans, 2924Prince, Valerie J., 343, 1557Pritchard, P. H., 604Pucci, Michael J., 281, 2349Pueppke, Steven G., 1996

Quilici, Marie Laure, 2594

Rabot, P., 2689Rabot, Sylvie, 2594Radler, Ferdinand, 1068Rafii, Fatemeh, 1334

Raha, Syamal K., 2152Rajagopal, Basavapatna S., 600Ramachandra, Muralidhara, 3057Ramanand, K., 2129Rapaport, Eliezer, 1989Rasko, Istvan, 607Rasmussen, Henrik Berg, 2264Rasmussen, Mark A., 890, 1634Rassoulzadegan, Fereidoun, 1091Rast, Hans Georg, 1842Reed, William P., 1831Reingold, Arthur L., 3122Rella, Manuela, 1222Remberger, Mikael, 524, 2226Revsbech, Niels Peter, 176, 2245Reynolds, David, 1761Rhee, G-Yull, 1394Rhodes, Martha W., 2902Rice, Eugene W., 507Richardson, Alan E., 2541Richardson, Anthony J., 544Richardson, William H., 1602Ricke, Steven C., 596Riemann, Bo, 2213Rijnaarts, H. H. N., 548Riley, Bryan S., 2862Rimbault, Alain, 1581Rinckel, Lori A., 416Ringelberg, D., 1709Rippey, Scott R., 1874Rivera, Susan C., 513Robarts, Richard D., 3191Robben, J., 2112Robbins, J. E., 1300Robert-Gero, Malka, 1109Roberts, Irving, 268Robertson, Channing R., 2464Robertson, Lesley A., 2812Robinson, Campbell W., 638Robinson, Daena F., 158Robison, Richard A., 158Rodrfguez-Valera, F., 2381Roelofsen, W., 143Rohovec, J. S., 1606Rohr, Mary-Ellen, 309Rohr, Max, 633Rolfe, Barry G., 2541Romankiw, L., 1051Romero, David, 848Romero, Pedro, 2786Ron, E. Z., 317, 323Rosen, J. D., 1724Rosenberg, E., 317, 323Rosenhak, S., 317Rosswall, Thomas, 1689Rostad, Colleen E., 827Rotem, Avi, 2411Rotger, R., 2478Roth, William G., 3142Rouse, Dwight, 2964Rouwenhorst, Robert J., 1131Roy, A. K., 842Roy, Christian, 1550Roy, Samir K., 2152Rubinovitz, C., 317, 323Rudolph, Frederick B., 2717Ruiz-Argueso, Tomas, 1262Ruiz-Sainz, Jose E., 1812Runnals, P. Lynn, 50Russell, James B., 872, 2742Russell, Nicholas J., 555Ryser, Elliot T., 2643Ryu, Jae-chun, 1302

Sacks, L. E., 923Sa-Correia, Isabel, 903, 2439Sadowsky, Michael J., 1907Safferman, Robert S., 309Sage, Rossalyn, 1761Sahm, H., 454Sakai, Yasuyoshi, 485Saleh, Y. G., 2134Salgueiro, Sancha P., 903Salkinoja-Salonen, Mira S., 683, 1818,

3043Salyers, Abigail A., 1911, 1964, 1970Samain, E., 441Samuelsson, M.-O., 2220Sanchis, V., 2689Sandberg, Goran, 2833Santangelo, Joseph D., 676Santha, Miklos, 607Sanz, Bernabe, 1462Sattar, S. A., 2856Savage, Dwayne C., 416, 1619, 2398, 2405Sawant, A. D., 1099Saxena, Adesh, 1237Sayler, Gary S., 1923Scarpino, Pasquale V., 409Schaefer, Daniel M., 596Schaefer, Frank W., III, 2777Schaefer, Jacob, 2953Scheffers, W. Alexander, 1131, 2086Scheibling, Robert E., 1848Schink, Bernhard, 561Schmedding, David, 1557Schmidt, E. L., 1536Schmidt, Thomas M., 1602, 2793Schneider, Beate, 3173Schoberth, S. M., 454Schoenberg, Steven A., 1481Schoeni, Jean L., 497Scholtz, Rudolf, 2819, 3034Schreferl-Kunar, Gerlinde, 633Schreiner, Roger P., 1858Schroth, Milton N., 1222Schubring, S. L., 2959Schupp, Daniel G., 2777Schwander, Edwin, 2250Schwarzenbach, Rend P., 490Scott, G. H. E., 2140Segovia, Lorenzo, 848Seidler, Ramon J., 343, 1557Seki, Masako, 3053Selander, Robert K., 2825Seligy, Verner L., 1023, 2287Sesma, Fernando, 1309Sethunathan, N., 2129Setlow, Barbara, 1275Setlow, Peter, 1275Sewell, G. W., 1085Shah, Ketan S., 423Shah, Nilesh N., 3039Shane, Lana, 1394Shannon, Michael J.R., 1719Sharmila, M., 2129Sharp, Richard J., 2049Sharpe, A. N., 2536Shelef, Leora A., 3003Shelton, Daniel R., 1354, 2566, 2572Sherlock, Lee Ann, 2777Sherr, Barry F., 1091Sherr, Evelyn B., 1091Sherwood, Robert L., 1744Shih, Jason C. H., 2335Shimizu, Fumio, 38Shimizu, Shoichi, 1249, 1254, 1511, 2300

vi AUTHORINDEX

AUTHOR INDEX vii

Shiozawa, Kanji, 818Shivprasad, Shailaja, 2123Shook, Darlene, 2933Shotts, Emmett B., Jr., 3023Shotwell, Odette L., 1096Shrago, Anne W., 824Shuttleworth, K. L., 3086Sibbald, Mary Jo, 613Sibold, Lionel, 734Sijtsma, Lolke, 2808Silverman, Michael, 30Simmons, Karen W., 760Simonet, Pascal, 2500Simpson, Richard J., 2541Singer, George M., 1724Singh, Mahatam, 1015Singleton, David R., 2866Singleton, Paul W., 848, 1112, 1494Singleton, Rivers, Jr., 2318Sinha, K. K., 842Sinskey, Anthony J., 1138Skipper, Nigel, 476Slade, S. J., 1430Slosarek, M., 619Smid, Eddy J., 2250Smit, John, 809, 2078Smith, A. R. W., 2874Smith, C. S., 1430Smith, Darrell B., 1595Smith, David W., 2866Smith, M. Scott, 2711Smith, P. H., 1085Smith, Richard L., 1071Smits, Jan D., 2213Sobecky, Patricia, 1481Soderhall, Kenneth, 2361Somich, Cathleen J., 2566Sone, Hidetaka, 38S0rensen, Jan, 2245Spain, Jim C., 294, 1399Sparks, N. H. C., 2140Speckman, R. A., 168Spies, H. S. C., 1700Springthorpe, V. S., 2856Srebotnik, Ewald, 2608Stack, Robert J., 878Stafford, Allan E., 822Stahl, David A., 1079Stahl, Ulf, 1889Stamm, Lola V., 728Starink, Mathieu, 3113Steele, James L., 1951Steele, Trevor W., 1591Steffan, Robert J., 2003, 2185, 2908Stenvik, Mirja, 371Sterkenburg, Aart, 2808Stetter, K. O., 1258, 2375Stevens, S. Edward, Jr., 1858Stevens, Todd O., 2938, 2944Stewart, David, 996Stewart, Graham G., 110Stewart, Philip S., 2464Steyn, Pieter L., 799Stipkovits, Laszlo, 607Stoner, Daphne L., 791Stotzky, G., 1731Stray, James E., 2320Strobel, Herbert J., 872Strom, M. S., 1405Stubblefield, Robert D., 1096Stutzenberger, Fred, 588Su, T. M., 1216Suarez, Guillermo, 1622

Sudheim, Leif, 1302Suflita, Joseph M., 1237Sugio, Tsuyoshi, 150, 153Suidan, Makram T., 1277Sullivan, Gretchen, 839, 1880Sutherland, John B., 1882Swango, L. J., 2580Swindoll, C. Michael, 212Sykora, Jan L., 2677Sylvester-Bradley, Rosemary, 1033Sylvia, David M., 348, 353Szabo, R. A., 2536

Taguchi, Hisaharu, 670Takeda, Tae, 3180Takeda, Yoshifumi, 3180Tamura, Gakuzo, 3156Tan, P. S. T., 43Tanaka, Jun-ichi, 38Tani, Yoshiki, 485Tanner, Ralph S., 625Tannock, Gerald W., 1615, 2971Tano, Tatsuo 150, 153Tari, P. H., 2037Taylor, Barrie F., 2208, 2342Taylor, Scott, 2759Teather, Ronald M., 2672Tepper, Craig S., 375Terakado, Nobuyuki, 2096Teramoto, Yuji, 1516, 2058Terplan, Gerhard, 225, 2328Terracciano, Joseph S., 1989Tewari, R., 2664Theodorou, Michael K., 2174Thiel, P. G., 1700, 1806Thiele, Jurgen, 1199Thiele, Jurgen H., 10, 20Tholozan, J. L., 441Thomas, Peter T., 1744Thompson, D. L., 2591Thomson, Andrew M., 855Thomson, Jennifer A., 3133Thorne, Linda, 277Thornton, Philip, 1033Tiedje, James M., 327, 703, 1354, 1409,

1871, 2938, 2944Tien, Ming, 1858Tierney, John T., 364Todd, E. C. D., 2536Toizumi, Satoshi, 2144Tomei, Francisco A., 2964Tomoda, Ryuzo, 1330Tonon, Frank, 466Topp, Edward, 2452Toranzos, Gary A., 513, 2574Torremans, Rob A. M., 2812Toth-Prestia, Cynthia, 1855Towne, Gene, 2510, 2733Trahan, L., 570Tranter, Howard S., 1761Tranvik, Lars, 1864Trautwetter, Annie, 1466Travkin, V. M., 1587Treeful, Linda, 2277Trias, Joaquim, 3138Truckenbrod, S. M., 861Trucksess, Mary W., 2933Trudel, Pierre, 1550Tsai, Chin-Shiow, 688Tsai, Ying-Chieh, 984, 3156Tschan, Thomas, 2819Tseng, Ching-Ping, 984

Tsukada, Akiko, 1511Tsuzuki, Kayo, 69Tully, Raymond E., 1624Tuovinen, Olli H., 3092, 3101Tuttle, Jon H., 791Tyndall, R. L., 741Tyndall, Richard L., 951Tyznik, W. J., 1946

Ueno, Yoshio, 1302Umeda, Tetsuya, 2144Updegraff, David M., 827Uribe, Paulina, 1694Ursing, J., 2478Uyen, H. M., 837

Vaeck, Mark, 2010van Berkum, P., 94van Boven, A., 43Vandenbergh, Peter A., 2349, 2578van den Bos, Rommert C., 3008Vandepitte, Joseph, 851van de Pol, H., 1770Van Der Baan, Adriaan A., 1131Vanderbruggen, Hilde, 2010van der Drift, Chris, 1126van der Kooij, D., 2842van der Lelie, Daniel, 865van der Mei, H. C., 837van der Vossen, Jos M. B. M., 865van Dijken, Johannes P., 1131, 2086Van Eldere, J., 2112Van Etten, James L., 2170van Groenestijn, Johan W., 2894Vanhaecke, Erwin, 1436Van Houtven, Annemie, 2010van Kammen, Albert, 3008Van Kavelaar, Margaret J., 386VanMiddlesworth, Frank, 2759van Niel, Ed W. J., 2812Van Rie, Jeroen, 2010Van Staden, Johannes, 3133Vasavada, Amit B., 1063Vadsquez, Claudio, 610Vasta, Manuela, 768Vasudevan, Tirucherai V., 1325Vedamuthu, Ebenezer R., 2349Vega, Esther Z., 748Venema, Gerard, 231, 239, 865, 1230Venosa, Albert D., 839Verduyn, Cornelis, 2086Verma, Sugandha M., 2677Vesonder, Ronald F., 830, 2147Vestal, J. Robie, 957, 960Vidal, D., 2167Vidal, Pierre, 3064Viegas, Cristina A., 2439Vinials, Alberto Lopez, 2107Vinias, Miquel, 3138Virelizier, Henri, 1581Visser, Leo E., 1131Vleggaar, R., 1806Vlekke, Gerard J. F. M., 2894Vogels, Godfried D., 1126

Wackett, Lawrence P., 1703Wada, Kimihito, 150Wadowsky, Robert M., 2677Wagener, Stefan, 561Waites, Will M., 1541Wake, Akira, 577Walet, P., 143

VOL . 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Walfield, Alan M., 277Walia, S., 2664Wallace, R. John, 544, 2981Wallace, Rebecca, 990Walter, Michael V., 343, 1557Walter, Sabine, 2798Wang, Henry Y., 1662Wang, Yi-Tin, 1277Ward, David M., 1738Warren, R. Antony J., 518Warth, Alan D., 2091Watanabe, R. A., 1606Watkins, William D., 1874Watson, Robert J., 574Watt, Nicola D., 544Wauters, Georges, 851Wedekind, Karen J., 1530Weeg-Aerssens, Els, 1354Weerkamp, A. H., 837Wei, R. D., 2959Weimer, Paul J., 386Weisleder, David, 2759Welling, Gjalt W., 2971Wentz, Barry A., 2933Wernars, Karel, 531Werquin, Michel, 188Westermann, Peter, 2393Westlake, Donald W. S., 1243Wetzel, Robert G., 2018Wheatcroft, Roger, 574Wheeler, W. B., 288Whiley, Susan J., 1591White, Bryan A., 890, 1634, 1752White, David C., 1383, 1570, 1709White, Graham F., 555Whitman, William B., 1151Whitmer, Mary E., 753Whitt, Dixie D., 2398, 2405Wichlacz, P. L., 2591Wickham, Gene S., 2192Wicklow, Donald T., 830, 1096Wicks, Richard J., 3191

Wiebe, William J., 1151Wiegel, Juergen, 204, 460Wiesenborn, Dennis P., 2717Wiggins, Bruce A., 2803Wijnen, P., 143Wild, James R., 2586Wilkie, A., 1085Wilkins, Clive A., 2155Will, M. E., 348Williams, D., 1085Williams, D. E., 2580, 2583Williams, Ralph A. D., 2049Williams, Regan S., 693Willick, Gordon E., 2287Wilson, David B., 2521Winfrey, Michael R., 2003Wirsen, Carl O., 1203Witholt, Bernard, 2924Wittich, Rolf Michael, 1842Wohrer, Wilfried, 633Wolfe, Ralph S., 625Wolfe, Roy L., 2424Wolin, Meyer J., 2655, 2660, 2723Wollum, A. G., II, 2387Wong, D. Michael, 1446Wong, Hin-Chung, 699, 2179Wong, Tit-Yee, 473Woods, David R., 676, 1289Woodward, William E., 1673Wooley, Richard E., 760, 3023Woomer, Paul L., 1112, 1494Worley, S. D., 2580, 2583Worthington, John M., 1210Wortman, Alan T., 1284, 1901Wouters, Jan T. M., 2808

Xu, Guo-Wei, 1345Xue, Gang-Ping, 534Xun, Luying, 2064

Yabe, Kimiko, 2096, 2101

Yagoda-Shagam, Janet, 1831Yamada, Hideaki, 1030, 1766Yamada, Tetsuo, 2486Yamada, Yasuhiro, 381Yamasaki, Makari, 3156Yamashita, Ichiro, 3147Yamazaki, Yoshinari, 2354Yan, Run-Tao, 642Yang, Robert C. A., 1023Yano, Mitsuo, 2603Yee, Robert B., 2677Yoch, Duane C., 2031Yoh, Myonsun, 2144Yokoi, Haruhiko, 2632Yokosawa, Noriko, 69Yokoyama, Melvin T., 2619Yoshida, Kosaku, 2486Yoshida, Roberta, 271Yoshida, Toshiomi, 670Youngleson, Jonathan S., 676Young-Perkins, Kathleen E., 1446Yousef, Ahmed E., 2643

Zam, Stephan G., 2986Zappe, Harold, 1289Zdor, Robert E., 1996Zehnder, A. J. B., 143, 548, 2894Zeikus, J. Gregory, 10, 20, 590Zelibor, J. L., Jr., 1051Zeller, Wolfgang, 2798Zeph, L. R., 1731Zeyer, Josef, 490Zhang, Min, 3162Zhang, Yanping, 2170Zhen,Ye Li, 153Zhu, Chang-Xi, 642Zierdt, Charles H., 2590Zinder, Stephen H., 124, 1457, 1656Zmirou, D., 2073Zocher, Rainer, 2504Zylstra, Gerben J., 1498

viii AUTHORINDEX

SUBJECT INDEXVOLUME 54

Abietic acidbiotransformation, 1015

Acceptabilityground beef

lactic acid concentration, 822Acclimation period

biodegradation, 2803organic chemical mineralization, 3177

Acenaphthenemicrobial degradation, 1182, 1188

Acetatebenzoate degradation, 1871butyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393oxidation by a thermophile, 124production

electrodialysis fermentation, 137human feces microflora, 2723

Acetate-oxidizing bacteriahydrogen partial pressures, 1457

Acetobacterium woodiitetrachloromethane transformation, 2819

a-Acetolactate decarboxylaseE. aerogenes gene

expression in brewer's yeast, 38nucleotide sequence, 38

expression in E. coli, 18893-Acetyldeoxynivalenol

production by F. graminearum R2118effects of metals, 1063

N-Acetyl-D-glucosamineB. bassiana protease regulation, 2699

Acid environmentsforest soil

Nitrobacter strains, 1536lake sediments

effects of acidification, 2003mine water

E. coli cell repair, 1901preservatives

effect on yeasts, 2091Acid tolerance

oral bacteria, 1318Acidogenic bacteria

Lactobacillus strains, 3053steers fed high- or low-forage diets

postprandial changes, 502Acinetobacter calcoaceticus

biodispersanproduction, 317purification and properties, 323

Acinetobacter spp.phosphate accumulation, 2894

Acremonium coenophialumisolation from tall fescue, 2615

Actinomucor taiwanensisgrowth and enzyme production

effects of humidity, 688effects of temperature, 688

Actinomycetesanimal waste treatment, 2058

Activated sludgeS. natans

detection, 799Activation thermodynamics

virus adsorption, 2650Adaptation

subsurface microbial communitiesinfluence of nutrients, 212

AdherenceBATH test bioluminescence assay, 1436P. putida

root surface agglutinin, 375Adhesion

polystyrene particlessolid substrata, 837

S. mitissolid substrata, 837

AdsorptionF. equiseti M41

lithocholic acid conversion, 670viruses, 2650

Aeromonas hydrophilagrowth kinetics, 2842nutritional versatility, 2842pheno-/genotypic characterization, 1861recovery from waters, 2786

Aeroponic culturevesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,

353Aerosols

E. colisurvival, 1776

influenza viruspathogenicity in mice, 1744

P. syringaeaerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557

S. zooepidemicuspathogenicity in mice, 1744

spray irrigation siteanimal viruses, coliphages, and

bacteria, 409Affinity purification

endoglucanase gene product, 2521AflatoxinsA. parasiticus mutants, 2096biosynthetic relationships, 2101contamination of drug plants, 842estimation of levels

fluorescence method, 274Ml

milk, 1622AgarStreptomyces plasmid transfer, 1334

AgaraseP. atlantica

cloning of gene, 30gene replacement mutagenesis, 30

Agaricus bisporuscrosses among homokaryons, 1643

Agaricus brunnescenscrosses among homokaryons, 1643

Agepigs

fecal coliform antibiotic resistance,1341

AgglutininsP. putida

adherence and colonization, 375fusarium wilt suppression, 2037

rhizosphere bacteriaeffect on activity, 1838

Aggregated bacteriaas food sources, 613

Agrobacterium tumefacienstomato plant colonization, 3133

AgrocinA. tumefaciens control, 3133

Alcaligenes denitrificansD-aminoacylase production, 984, 2767taxonomic study, 984

ix

Alcohol dehydrogenaseC. acetobutylicum gene

expression in E. coli, 676T. ethanolicus

purification and properties, 460Algae

chemical compositioncomparative analysis, 1051

decomposed residueschemical composition, 1051

S. capricornutum2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl effects,

1394viruses isolated in China, 2170

Algal matsmethanogenesis

methylated amines, 130Alghumin

green algaechemical composition, 1051

Alkaline elastaseBacillus strain Ya-B, 3156

Alkaline hydrogen peroxidecellulosic substrate degradation, 1163

Alkalophilesalkaline elastase, 3156bacteria

isolation, 1066Alkyl phenols

phenol degradation effects, 1277n-Alkyl tetrahydrothiophenes

microbial degradation, 1243Alkylated benzenes

anaerobic degradation, 490Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

aerobic biomineralization, 548biodegradation in soil slurry, 143

Alternaria alternatamycotoxin production inhibition, 2361

AluminumR. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541

Amino acidsAzospirillum spp.

influence on growth, 87influence on N2 fixation, 87

peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742D-AminoacylaseA. denitrificans

production by strain MI-4, 2767production and purification, 984

Aminopeptidaserefrigerated meat bacterial content, 1462

Ammoniaproduction by a ruminal bacterium, 872

Ammonia monooxygenaseinteraction with hydrocarbons, 3187

Ammonium-oxidizing bacteriaenergy source deprivation, 2890

AMPS. cerevisiae

ethanol production decline, 98Amphipods

bacterial isolatesplasmids, 1284

a-AmylaseB. subtilis 65

production and characteristics, 1516production by N. frontalis, 2293Saccharomyces spp.

starch utilization, 966

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Amylolytic activityselected ruminal bacteria, 772yeast strains, 2447

Anaerobic bacteriasulfur cycle

34S/32S fractionation, 250Animal feed

refusal by swineEurotium spp. and echinulin, 830

ANITRON reactormethanogen characterization, 693

Antarctic desertcryptoendolithic microbiota

biomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960

AnthraquinoneX. luminescens pigment, 1602

Antibiotic resistanceA. hydrophila

isolates from cultured catfish, 1861enumeration of soil bacteria, 446fecal coliforms from pigs, 1341Leuconostoc spp.

plasmid conjugal transfer, 281Antibiotics

Erwinia spp.role in competition, 1222

oxytetracyclineresistant A. hydrophila, 1861

pyridinium-type polymers, 2532sinefungin

regulation of biosynthesis, 1109tetracycline

resistant A. hydrophila, 1861tetronasin

effect on ruminal microorganisms, 544X. luminescens

hydroxystilbene antibiotic, 1602Antibodies

double staining of bacteria, 2949E. coli identification, 2536roridin A enzyme immunoassay, 225ruminal bacterial species

differentiation, 596vibriocidal antibodies, 1673

Antifungal agentsP. anomala killer toxin

anti-C. albicans activity, 1079sinefungin

regulation of biosynthesis, 1109Antigens

Listeria spp.identification, 1564

Rhizobium spp.numerical taxonomic analysis, 1825

Antiparasitic agentssinefungin

regulation of biosynthesis, 1109API 20E

bacillus identification, 2838Aquatic bacteria

2-methylisoborneol degradation, 2424naphthalene degradation, 2478plasmid DNA recipients, 115production measurement, 3191

Aquatic environmentsA. hydrophila

antibiotic resistance, 1861bacterial production and metabolismmeasurement, 791

bacterial sublethal injury, 2859microbial decomposition, 784P. aeruginosa survival, 2574

plasmid transfer, 1923substrate removal rate prediction, 434viruses of Chlorella-like strain, 2170xenobiotic aromatic pollutants

degradation, 1864Aquifers

denitrification, 1071laboratory columns

anaerobic degradation, 490quinoline hydroxylation, 827trichloroethylene degradation, 1709

ArchaebacteriaDesulfurococcus spp.

deep-sea hydrothermal vents, 1203H. mediterranei

polysaccharide production, 2381M. barkeri 227

diazotrophy, 1656nitrogenase activity, 1656

M. thermolithotrophicusprotein pattern alterations, 2375

M. voltaedrug resistance, 734

argBA. oryzae NRRL 492

genetic transformation, 1610Arginine deiminase system

protection of oral bacteria, 1318Arochlor 1254enhanced transformation, 1940

Aromatic compoundscleavage from lignocellulose, 2237degradation in humic water, 1864marine sediment slurrieshydrocarbon degradation, 1649

metabolism by R. palustris, 712microbial degradation

trichloroethylene metabolism, 604Arthrobacter atrocyaneus

glyphosate degradation, 1293Arthrobacter spp.

bacteriophage isolation and characteriza-tion, 1466

glyphosate utilization, 2868haloalkane degradation, 3034squalene-to-geranylacetone pathway, 381

Arthrobacter viscosuspenicillin G acylase gene, 2603

L-AscorbateE. citreus

production of an intermediate, 1770Aspergillus ficum

cellobiohydrolasesproduction and characteristics, 1523

Aspergillus nigera-ionone conversion, 2354oxalate biosynthesis

cytoplasmic pathway, 633Aspergillus oryzae

argB mutant transformation, 1610Aspergillus parasiticus

aflatoxin relationships, 2101impaired aflatoxin production, 2096

Aspergillus terreusterritrem biosynthesis, 585

AtmosphereT-2 toxin production on corn

inhibition, 540Attachment

caulobacters, 2078entomopathogenic fungi, 1795microorganisms

substrate removal, 434

Aviceldigestion by A. ficum

cellobiohydrolases, 1523Azospirillum brasilense

cell surface analysis, 1831indoles, 2833

Azospirillum lipoferumfloc formation, 2986indoles, 2833

Azospirillum spp.growth

influence of amino acids, 87nitrogen fixation

influence of amino acids, 87Azotobacter chroococcum

sodium-dependent strains, 2123Azotobacter vinelandiigrowth

effects of mannose, 473siderophore production, 2625

Baccharis spp.trichothecene metabolism, 2277

Bacillus cereusdairy products

incidence and characterization, 699growth and germination, 2179

Bacillus polymyxa2,3-butanediol production

mutant strain, 168xylanase gene

expression in E. coli, 1023Bacillus pumilis

lipolytic enzyme purification, 1307Bacillus sphaericus

crystal toxin toxicity, 2320Bacillus spp.

alkaline elastase, 3156endoglucanase geneshomology with C. acetobutylicum

gene, 1289hausmannite formation, 2140manganese oxidation, 2140

Bacillus stearothermophilusheat shock effects, 2515host-vector systems, 3162thermostable pullulanase, 2881

Bacillus subtilisa-amylase

production and characteristics, 1516plasmid transfer, 1309protein excretion into medium, 2287pullulanase gene expression, 2881sporesUV light resistance, 1275

Bacillus thuringiensisC. necator response, 2161insecticidal crystal proteins, 2010

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawaif-endotoxin gene product, 2689

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensismosquitocidal endotoxins

structural relatedness, 277Bacterial metabolismmeasurement in natural waters, 791

Bacterial pathogenssurvival during chlorination, 3023

Bacterial productionaquatic bacterial studies, 3191measurement in marine waters, 1934measurement in natural waters, 791calculation from [3H]thymidine incorpo-

X SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xi

ration, 2213Bacterial sizemeasurement, 105

BacteriocinC. botulinum type G

plasmid-mediated production, 1405L. monocytogenes inhibition, 2349P. acidilactici production, 2349

Bacteriophage DNAprotoplast transfection, 3014

Bacteriophages434

repressor from E. coli plasmid, 1293Arthrobacter spp.

isolation and characterization, 1466Brevibacterium spp.

isolation and characterization, 1466C. botulinum

nucleic acid characterization, 69ch2

characterization, 1138lactic streptococciplasmid-encoded insensitivity, 777resistance, 2808transfer of sensitivity, 1951

lambdaR. albus 8 cellulase gene expression,

1752P1

transduction of E. coli, 1731R. meliloti

study, 188ruminal bacteriophages

morphological diversity, 1637S. cremoris BK5genome circular permutation, 1039

S. ruminantiumisolation and characterization, 1575

stabilities, 2590Bacterioplankton

[3H]thymidine incorporation, 331, 2213Bacterivory

marine phagotrophic protozoatemperature dependence, 1091

Bacteroides ruminicolaenumeration with DNA probe, 534phenolic monomer effect, 3019tetracycline resistance

plasmid-associated transfer, 855Bacteroides spp.

identification, 1158Bacteroides succinogenes

cellodextrinasecomparison of two forms, 1488purification, 1488

cellulosic substrate degradation, 11630-glucanase gene cloning, 2672phenolic monomer effect, 3019

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964mucopolysaccharides as substrates, 1970

Bacteroides vulgatusstarch as substrate, 1911

Bacteroidsdehydrogenase complex, 3008

Bacto-Peptonelysis of halobacteria, 990

Baker's yeasta-galactosidase production, 245

BamHIY. ruckeri plasmid analysis, 2594

Banana juice fermentationoptimization, 748

Batch cultureC. beijerinckii

solvent production, 642C. butylicum

solvent production, 642hay fermentation, 2174

BATH testnumber of adhering bacteria

bioluminescence assay, 1436Beach replenishment

vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,348

Beauveria bassianaextracellular protease regulation, 2699

BeaversGiardia transmission, 2777

Beef extractelution of enteroviruses, 1880

Beef extract reagentsrecovery of viruses, 309

Benz[a]anthracenepolycyclic aromatic acid production,

2415Benzene

anaerobic degradation, 490Benzo[a]pyrene

biodegradation, 1724Benzoate

degradation, 1871effect on yeasts, 2091

Beta-hexachlorocyclohexanebiodegradation in soil slurry, 143

BetaineE. coli colony formation, 3147

Bifidobacterium spp.selective medium, 1715

Bile acidslysis of halobacteria, 990

BiocidesL. pneumophila

effects, 741pentachlorophenol

ruminal microorganism sensitivity,2619

BiocorrosionD. desulfuricans

carbon steel corrosion, 386Biodegradationcoumaphos, 2566diethylthiophosphoric acid, 2572haloaliphatic hydrocarbons, 2578haloalkanes, 3034hydroxybiphenyls, 2683kraft indulin lignin, 30642-methylisoborneol, 2424microbial acclimation, 2803naphthalene, 2478nitriles in shale oil, 2197pentachlorophenol, 2885phenolic compounds, 3043psychrotrophic bacterium

plasmid mediation, 638pyrethroid insecticides, 2874pyridine compounds, 2342subsurface microbial communities

effect of nutrients, 212BiodispersanA. calcoaceticus A2

production, 317purification and properties, 323

BioemulsifiersS. cerevisiae mannoprotein, 1420

Biofilmsinactivation of bacteria, 2493model rock system plugging, 1365

Biological controlA. tumefaciens, 3133crown gall, 3133M. sanguinipes

gut microbial ecology, 1174pesticides

risks to humans, 1744Pseudomonas spp., 2877

Bioluminescenceassay in BATH test, 1436

Biomasscryptoendolithic microbiota, 957estimation in marine waters, 1934green algae

chemical composition, 1051primary and secondary production

southwestern reservoir, 661subtropical estuary

seasonal and diel variability, 718waterflood injection well, 1383

BiotransformationF. equiseti M41

lithocholic acid, 670M. isabellina

resin acids, 1015Bison

ruminal ciliated protozoa, 2733ruminal microorganisms, 2510

Bovine growth hormoneexpression by E. coli plasmid

selective stabilization, 1293Bovine milk phagocytes

L. monocytogenes inactivation, 364Bradyrhizobium japonicum

competition for nodulation, 1996competitiveness

effect of Glycine spp., 803early infection, 1996non-H2-utilizing mutants, 358novel nodulation region

cloning and mapping, 55phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387stability of soil inoculants, 2636transposon TnS-generated mutants, 358

Bradyrhizobium spp.association with pigeon peahydrogen oxidation, 94nitrogen fixation, 94nodulation, 94

colony dimorphism, 1033Brevibacterium spp.

bacteriophage isolation and characteriza-tion, 1466

Brewer's yeasta-acetolactate decarboxylase gene

expression, 38Bromacil

degradation in soil, 22035-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-p-D-glucuro-

nideE. coli identification, 1874

2,3-ButanediolB. polymyxaenhanced production, 168

ButanolC. acetobutylicumenhanced formation, 1662

Butyratemetabolism by bacterial coculture, 1354,

2393

VOL . 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

synthesispropionate reductive carboxylation,

441Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens

esterase activities, 1917polysaccharide production, 878xylan-degrading strains, 1085

Byssinosiscotton dust

fungal mannitol production, 1784

CadmiumKlebsiella sp.

toxicity, 1689Calcium

alcoholic fermentation effect, 2439D. vulgaris plating efficiency, 2318R. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541S. bayanus ethanol tolerance, 2439

Campylobacterjejunicolonization of chicks, 2365

Candida albicansP. anomala toxin activity, 1099

Candida boidiniidetergent-treated mutant strainformaldehyde production, 485

Candida pintolopesiipopulation changes, 2371

Carbofuranbacterial metabolism, 1414, 2129

Carbonallocation in R. sphaeroides, 2737assimilation by yeasts, 3185metabolism

cryptoendolithic microbiota, 960oxidation

novel microbial energy metabolism,1472

pentachlorophenol metabolism, 2452Carbon dioxide

acetate production, 2723fixation by strain DCB-1, 2944

Carbon monoxideN. cryotolerans survival, 2890

Carbon steelcorrosion by D. desulfuricans, 386

Carcinogensbacterial oxidation, 2415fumonisins, 1806

CatalaseL. monocytogenes

effect of heat injury, 581Cations

role in phosphate removal, 2894Cattlecoumaphos degradation, 2566diethylthiophosphoric acid mineraliza-

tion, 2572high- and low-forage diets

postprandial changes in the rumen,502

L. monocytogenesfate in tissues, 497

ruminal bacteriophagesmorphological diversity, 1637

ruminal microorganisms, 2510Caulobacters

adhesive holdfast, 2078isolation and characterization, 809potential for experimentation, 809

Cecal microorganismspony

effects of diet change, 1946R. cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619

Cell extractscellulolytic ruminal bacteria

seed germination, 218methylation of halogenated phenols, 524methylation of thiophenols, 524R. minuta

isobutene-forming system, 583Cell surfaceA. brasilense

analysis, 1831Cell wall

L. lactis subsp. cremoris, 2808S. cremoris Wg2

proteinase gene, 231CellobiohydrolasesA. ficum IFO 4034

production and characteristics, 1523Cellodextrinase

B. succinogenescomparison of two forms, 1488purification, 1488

CellulaseR. albus 8 genes

expression in bacteriophage X, 1752R. albus F-40

gene cloning, 1511R. albus gene transfer, 2300

Cellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530seed germination, 218

Cellulomonas fimiendoglucanase B structural gene

expression in E. coli, 518exoglucanase

expression in S. cerevisiae, 476Cellulose

degradation, 1163degradation by B. fibrisolvens

inhibition by methylcellulose, 890fermentation, 2655, 2660T. curvata utilizationendoglucanase patterns, 588

Channel catfishA. hydrophila isolates, 1861

CheeseL. monocytogenes recovery, 2643

Cheese wheyR. meliloti

effect on survivability, 183Chemical dosing

nontuberculous mycobacteriaisolation from water supplies, 1756

ChemotaxisP. syringae pv. tomato, 629R. littoreum, 1668

Chickenscolonization by C. jejuni, 2365egg yolk antibodies

differentiation of ruminal bacteria, 596Chili

C. perfringens growth, 1104Chinchilla

cecal and fecal bacterial flora, 1210Chlorella spp.

viruses isolated in China, 2170Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons

metabolism, 2578Chlorinated biphenyls

P. putida catabolic pathway, 2664

Chlorinated nitroaromatic compoundsenzymatic dehalogenation, 1199

Chlorinated para-hydroquinones0-methylation, 1818

Chlorinated phenolshydroxylation and dechlorination, 6830-methylation, 1818

Chlorinationbacterial survival, 3023

Chlorinedrinking water

bacterial survival, 649Giardia cyst inactivation, 2580L. pneumophila

effects, 741particle-associated coliforms

inactivation, 5074-Chlorobenzoate dehalogenase

chlorinated nitroaromatic compoundsdehalogenation, 1199

4-ChlorobiphenylPseudomnonas sp.

biotransformation, 594Cholera

seroepidemiology, 1673Cholyltaurine hydrolase

effects of dietary carbohydrates, 337Chondroitinase II

B. thetaiotaomicron, 1964Chrysanthemic acids

production from stereoisomers, 2268Chrysanthemol stereoisomers

oxidation, 2268Circular permutation

S. cremoris BK5 bacteriophage, 1039Citreoviridin

levels in maize kernelsE. ochrosalmoneum infestation, 1096

CloningA. viscosus

penicillin G acylase gene, 2603oa-acetolactate decarboxylase gene

expression in E. coli, 1889alcohol dehydrogenase gene

expression in E. coli, 676B. japonicum

novel nodulation region, 55B. polymyxa xylanase gene

expression in E. coli, 10232,3-dioxygenase gene, 2664endoglucanase E2 gene, 2521,3-1,4-endoglucanase gene, 22873-glucanase gene, 2672

P. atlanticaagarase gene, 30

P. fluorescens endoglucanase generegulation of expression, 302

P. putida genetic region, 3169pullulanase gene, 2881R. albus 8 cellulase genes

bacteriophage lambda, 1752R. albus cellulase gene

expression in E. coli, 1511S. lactis subsp. diacetylactis

nisin resistance, 2136T. viersicolor

nitrogen-starvation-induced genes,1550

tet, 1230Clostridium acetobutylicum

alcohol dehydrogenase geneexpression in E. coli, 676

butanol formation enhancement, 1662

xii SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xiii

endo-P-1,4-glucanase genestructure, 1289

growth-phase proteins, 1989stress-phase proteins, 1989thiolase, 2717

Clostridium beijerinckiisolvent production onset, 642solventogenic enzyme expression, 642

Clostridium botulinumbacteriocin production, 1405bacteriophage nucleic acids

characterization, 69outgrowth in acidified media, 1446serotypes A, B, and Eimproved defined media, 753

spore germination, 1446toxin formation in acidified media, 1446toxin production, 1405

Clostridium butylicumsolvent production onset, 642solventogenic enzyme expression, 642

Clostridium perfringensgrowth in cooked chili, 1104intact cell transformation, 2322L form transformation, 264shuttle plasmid system, 268spore activation, 2042

Clostridium spp.methanogenesis, 1581L-methionine, 1581

Clostridium thermocellumfermentation products

stirring and H2 effects, 1216JW20 characterization, 204

Coaggregationhuman oral veillonellae, 1957human periodontal bacteria, 1046

Coal gasification wastemethanogenic bacterium, 2964

Coccidiosisoocyst digestion, 2335

Coculturesbutyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393

Coenzyme F420anaerobic granular sludges

methanogenic activity, 1126M. barkeri growth, 454M. bryantii growth, 454

CoIEI::Tn5E. coli survival, 1776

Coliform bacteriadetection in water, 2118E. coli

pristine tropical waters, 979enumeration in drinking water, 1595particle-associated coliforms

inactivation, 507pigs

antibiotic resistance, 1341survival during chlorination, 3023tropical rain forest, 513

Coliphagesaerosols, 409drinking water, 1632wastewater, 409

Colony dimorphismBradyrhizobium spp., 1033

Colony hybridizationE. amylovora, 2798

Colony-forming activitystressed E. coli, 3147

CompetitionB. japonicium, 1996

coprophilous fungi, 861Erwinia spp.

role of antibiosis, 1222rhizobial strains

effect of Glycine spp., 803Compost

recovery of thermophiles, 3107Conidiaentomopathogenic fungi

attachment to host cuticle, 1795Conjugal plasmid transfer

antibiotic resistance determinantsLeuconostoc spp., 281

predictive model, 343Conjugal transfer

lactic streptococcibacteriophage insensitivity, 777bacteriophage sensitivity, 1951

P. aeruginosafreshwater environment. 1923

Containmentengineered microorganisms, 2472

Contaminated materialListeria spp.

isolation, 165Continuous culture

bacterial activity, 3113cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660ethanol-tolerant yeast hybrids, 917K. mnarxianus CBS 6556

inulinase, 1131methanogenesis, 2750mineralization, 3113protozoan grazing, 3113sulfate reduction, 2750T. pantotropha, 2812

Continuous-sterilization systemsphotosemiconductor powders, 1330

Cooling towersLegionella spp., 2331

CopperC. necator

response to nutrients, 2161Klebsiella sp.

toxicity, 1689Coprophilous fungi

interference competition, 861Coral reefs

E. coli survival, 1V. cholerae survival, 1

CornF. graminearun MRC 1125

trichothecin, 1700Corn kernelsFusarium spp. and mycotoxins, 1930T-2 toxin production

inhibition, 540Corrosion

carbon steelD. desulfuiricans, 386

Cosmeticsgram-negative bacilli, 2838

Cotton dustfungal mannitol production, 1784

Cotton leafwormBacillus insecticidal crystals, 2689

Cottontail rabbit epidermal cellsT. pallidum cultivation, 2862

Coumaphosbacterial degradation, 2566

CowpeaBradvrhizobiurn spp. association, 94

Cross-species transmissionGiardia spp., 2777

Crown gallcontrol, 3133

Cryptoendolithic microbiotabiomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960

Crystal violetbiodegradation, 1143

Cucumberfusarium wilt suppression, 2037

Cucuinis sativus L.fusarium wilt suppression, 2037

Cupriavidus necatorresponse to nutrients, 2161response to prey cells, 2161

Cyanobacteriabenthic cyanobacterial matoxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176

hot spring cyanobacterial matglycolate, 1738

N. spumigena peptide, 22573-Cyanopyridine

R. rhodochrous Jlnicotinamide production, 1766nicotinic acid production, 1030

Cystscross-species transmission, 2777

Cytochrome c peroxidaseH,O, metabolism in yeasts, 2086

CytoplasmA. niger

oxalate biosynthesis, 633

Dairy productsB. cereus

incidence and characterization, 699DAPI

double staining of bacteria, 2949Decanol-oleyl alcohol

C. acetobutylicumbutanol formation, 1662

Decarboxylationlactic acid bacteria

cultivation, 1627Dechlorination

hexachlorobenzene in sludge, 327R. chlorophenolicus

chlorinated phenols, 683tetrachloroethylene, 2976tetrachloromethane, 2819

Decompositionaquatic environments, 784plant material

ergosterol content, 1876Deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Desulfurococcccs spp., 1203Defined substrate method

E. coli enumeration, 1595total coliform enumeration, 1595

Degradative capacitypsychrotrophic bacterium

plasmid mediation, 638Dehalogenase

haloalkane degradation, 3034Dehalogenation

chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds,1199

halophenols, 3079marine sediments, 3079sulfidogenic strain DCB-1, 2938, 2944

VOL . 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Dehydroabietic acidbiotransformation, 1015

Dehydrodivanillindegradation, 1249, 1254

DehydrogenaseR. leguminosarum, 3008

Deletion analysisS. cremoris Wg2

proteinase gene, 239Delignificationwood chips and pulps

porphyrins, 62Deltamethrin

microbial transformation, 2874Demethylation

dimethylsulfoniopropionate, 2208mercury in acidic lakes, 2003

O-Demethylation3-methoxybenzoic acid, 1237

Denitrificationaquifer, 1071microsensor for studies, 2245population dynamics, 2711T. pantotropha, 2812transfer and expression, 3173

Denitrification conditionsheat production, 2220polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-

poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188

Dental plaquemethanogenic bacteria, 600oral bacteria

arginine deiminase system, 1318Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

two-stage continuous culturescarbon steel corrosion, 386

Desulfovibrio vulgarisplating efficiency, 2318

Desulfurococcus spp.deep-sea hydrothermal vents, 1203

Detectionenterotoxigenic S. aureus, 531fecal coliforms, 2118genetically engineered bacteria, 2185HgCl2 volatilization, 2871L. monocytogenes, 2933S. natans

activated sludge, 799specific soil microorganisms, 703staphylococcal enterotoxins, 2345

Detergentsfermentative degradation, 561sodium dodecyl sulfate

degradation by bacteria, 555treatment of C. boidiniiformaldehyde production, 485

Detoxificationphenolic compounds, 3086

Deuteromycetesattachment to host cuticle, 1795

Dextrinfermentation, 2447

Diacetoxyscirpenolmetabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277production by F. sambucinum, 2167

Dialysis centersnontuberculous mycobacteria

isolation from water supplies, 17564' ,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

double staining of bacteria, 29492,3-Diaminonaphthalene

nitrosation by E. coli, 1791

Diastereoselective oxidationchrysanthemol stereoisomers, 2268

DiazotrophyM. barkeri 227, 1656

Dibenzothiophene sulfonemineralization, 3183

1,2-Dichlorobenzenedegradation, 294

Dietary carbohydrateseffects on bacterial cholyltaurine hydro-

lase, 337Diethylthiophosphoric acid

mineralization, 2572Digesters

B. fibrisolvensxylan degradation, 1085

methanogenic floraanalysis, 79

2,2'-Dihydroxybiphenyldegradation, 2683

Dilute organic substratesremoval by microbial assemblages, 2054

2,6-Dimethylnaphthalenemetabolism by flavobacteria, 428

Dimethylsulfoniopropionatedemethylation in sediments, 2208

DimorphismBradyrhizobium spp., 1033

2,3-Dioxygenasegene cloning, 2664

DipeptidaseS. cremoris Wg2

purification and characterization, 43Dipicolinic acid

alpha-carbon signalidentification in spores, 923

Disinfectionbiofilm bacteria, 2493disinfectant reuse life

determination, 158drinking water

bacterial survival, 649free halogen, 2583Giardia cysts, 2580mycobactericide testing, 2856particle-associated coliforms, 507

Disk inoculum-solid medium methodyeast C and N assimilation, 3185

Dissolved DNAestuarine microbial populations

utilization, 1682subtropical estuary

seasonal and diel variability, 718DNA

amplification, 2185E. amylovora identification, 2798estuarine microbial populations

utilization, 1682extraction from planktonic microorga-

nisms, 1426homology in Thermus spp., 2049isolation from R. loti, 2852plasmid DNA

aquatic bacteria, 115protoplast transfection, 3014Pseudomonas sp.homology to Flavobacterium opd

gene, 288R. cecicola

degradation, 1619recovery, 2908subtropical estuary

seasonal and diel variability, 718

synthesis by marine bacteria, 3165thymidine incorporation, 1868

DNA hybridizationBacteroides spp., 1158enumeration of soil bacteria, 446Frankia strain identification, 2500Synechococcus relatedness, 3071

DNA probesB. ruminicola

enumeration, 534Bacteroides spp., 1158enterotoxigenic S. aureus

detection, 531L. curvatus, 405specific soil microorganisms, 703

DNA transferS. cremoris

effect of plasmid incompatibility, 865Drinking waterA. hydrophila isolate, 2842bacterial indicators, 2073chlorination

bacterial survival, 649coliphage incidence, 1632E. coli enumeration, 1595fecal coliform detection, 21182-methylisoborneol degradation, 2424particle-associated coliforms

inactivation, 507sampling programs, 2073total coliform enumeration, 1595virus survival, 2705

Drug plantsaflatoxin contamination, 842

Drug resistanceM. voltae, 734

Dual-label radioisotope methodbacterial production and metabolismmeasurement, 791

Dye ligand affinity chromatographystaphylococcal enterotoxin A

purification, 1761

E. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmidscomobilization to L. plantarum, 824

Echinulinfeed refused by swine, 830

EffluxS. cerevisiae

induction by ethanol, 903Eimeria tenella

anaerobic digestion effects, 2335Electrodialysis fermentation

acetate production, 137Electron acceptors

T. ferrooxidanssulfite oxidase, 153

Electron flowanaerobic digestion, 10, 20

ElectroporationC. perfringens, 2322lactic streptococci

genetic transformation, 655Emulsifiers

S. cerevisiae mannoprotein, 1420Enantioselective oxidationchrysanthemol stereoisomers, 2268

Endo-,- I ,4-glucanaseC. acetobutylicum P262gene structure, 1289

EndoglucanaseBacillus spp. genes

xiv SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xv

homology with C. acetobutylicwumgene, 1289

C. fini structural geneexpression in E. coli, 518

cloned gene expressionregulation, 302

gene cloning, 2521secretion into medium, 2287T. curlatagrowth on cellulose, 588

EndophytesA. coenophialuln

isolation from grass, 26158-Endotoxin

B. thiuringiensis subsp. aizawiai, 2689Enniatin synthetase

constitutive expression, 2504Enrichment cultures

detergent degradation, 561halogenated aromatic aldehydes

transformations, 2226polyethylene glycol degradation, 561

Enrichment methodsruminal bacterium, 872Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3, 851

Enteric microorganismschinchilla, 1210Mongolian gerbil, 1210

Enterobac ter aerogenesox-acetolactate decarboxylase gene

expression in brewer's yeast, 38nucleotide sequence, 38

Enterotoxinsdetection, 2345sheep milk staphylococci, 566staphylococcal enterotoxin A

purification, 1761Enteroviruses

elution from sludge solids, 1880low-temperature stability in sludges, 839

Entomopathogenic bacteriaX. lhuminescens, 1602, 2793

Entomopathogenic fungiattachment to host cuticle, 1795extracellular protease regulation, 2699

EnumerationB. ru,ninicolaDNA probe, 534

Bifidobacterium spp., 1715cellulolytic bacteria, 1530E. coli in foods, 2536equine gastrointestinal microflora, 2155fungal spores, 1430groundwater bacteria, 1630hemicellulolytic bacteria, 1530Listeria spp., 3003M. brvafntii, 1003M. mnazei, 1003methanogenic bacteria

salt marsh sediment, 1151N,-fixing H.-oxidizing bacteria, 1313rhizobia in tropical soils, 1494thermophilic heterotrophs, 622Tn5 mutant bacteria, 446TNTC count averaging, 2069V. parahaemolvyticis, 617

Environmental release trialsP. syringae

aerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557

Enzyme immunoassayroridin A

use of rabbit antibodies, 225

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayFisariium spp.

T-2 toxin production, 1302M. brvantii

quantification, 1003M. mazei

quantification, 1003ruminal bacterial species

differentiation, 596EnzymesA. taiwi,anensis

production, 688B. puimilis lipolytic enzyme

purification, 1307ethanologenic enzymes of Z. mnobilis

expression in E. coli, 397fecal coliform detection, 2118haloalkane degradation, 3034microbial decomposition

aquatic environments, 784mouse enterocytes

influence of microbiota, 2405nitrogenaseM. barkeri 227, 1656

oral bacteriaacid tolerance, 1318

oxidative enzymestoxic waste immobilization, 1719

stability in cell suspension, 2398Epilithic bacteriasodium dodecyl sulfate degradation, 555

Ergosteroldetermination of content, 1876

Ergot alkaloidsendophytic fungus screening, 2615

Erosionvesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

interaction, 945Erw,inia amvlot'ora

identification, 2798Erwinia citreius

2-keto-L,-gulonateproduction from glucose, 1770

Erwlnia spp.antibiosis and competition, 1222

Escherichia coliacid mine water stress, 1901aerosol dispersal, 1776alcohol dehydrogenase gene

expression, 676B. polyvnyxa xylanase gene

expression, 1023bovine growth hormone plasmid

selective stabilization, 1293C. fimi endoglucanase B

expression of structural gene, 518cell repair, 1901colony-forming activity, 31472.3-diaminonaphthalene

nitrosation, 17912,3-dioxygenase expression, 2664enumeration in drinking water, 1595enumeration in foods, 2536,-glucanase expression, 2672HgCl, volatilization, 2871identification, 1874, 2536nutrient depletion sensitivity, 2017P. fluorescens endoglucanase

characterization, 302pBR322 transfer. 2300phenotypic and genotypic comparison,

979product inhibition, 2464

protein excretion into medium, 2287R. albus cellulase gene

cloning and expression, 1511S. lactis gene expression, 1889shuttle plasmid system, 268survival in coral reefs, Isurvival in estuaries, 2902transduction, 1731Z. mobilis ethanologenic enzymes

expression, 397Esterase

B. fibrisoli'ens strains, 1917S. iiridosporus T7A, 2237

Estuariesdissolved DNA

microbial utilization, 1682seasonal and diel variability, 718

E. coli survival, 2902microbial biomass

seasonal and diel variability, 718Salmonella survival, 2902

Estuarine enrichment culturesphenanthrene mineralization, 929

Ethanolextraction of labeled protein, 3191S. bayanu.s tolerance, 2439S. cerewisiae

induction of leakage, 903intracellular accumulation, l10production decline, 98

tolerant yeast hybridsselection, 917

Ethanologenic enzymesexpression in E. coli, 397

Ethyleneinfluence on pea seedlings, 2728

Eiubacteriium sp. strain GLHglycyrrhizin stimulation, 2027

Eucaryotesyeast killer toxin effects, 1068

Eionvmius americanius L.cellulolytic ruminal bacteria

effect on germination, 218Euipenicilliuim ochrosalmoneum

infestation of maize kernelscitreoviridin levels, 1096

Eiurotiuim spp.feed refused by swine, 830

Exo-P-1,4-glucanase AR. flai'efaciens FD-I

methylcellulose inhibition, 1634Exoglucanase

C. fini exoglucanaseexpression in S. cerevisiae, 476

ExopolysaccharidesR. japonictum

synthesis, 1624Extracellular polysaccharides

B. fibrisoli'ensneutral sugar composition, 878production, 878

Extractive fermentationC. acetobutvlicum

butanol formation, 1662

Fastacmicrobial transformation, 2874

FE7intergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249

Fecal bacteriachinchilla, 1210Mongolian gerbil, 1210

VOL. 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Fecal coliformsantibiotic resistance, 1341detection in water, 2118E. coli

cell repair, 1901pristine tropical waters, 979

tropical rain forest, 513Feces

acetate production, 2723cellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530

hemicellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530

semicontinuous treatment, 2058Fenvalerate

microbial transformation, 2874Fermentation

acetate productionelectrodialysis fermentation, 137

amylolytic yeast strains, 2447banana juice, 748butanol formation, 1662C. acetobutylicum, 2717dextrin, 2447F. scirpi, 2504hay, 2174influence of Ca2+, 2439insoluble cellulose, 2655, 2660L. lactis growth, 2527peptostreptococci, 2742propionibacteria, 1892ruminal microorganisms, 2510S. cerevisiae

ethanol accumulation, 110ethanol production decline, 98

S. cremoris growth, 2527sheep rumenmethanol fermentation, 832

starch, 2447succinate production, 3053

Fermentation productsC. thermocellum

stirring and H2 effects, 1216Ferric ions

T. ferrooxidanssulfite oxidase, 153

Ferrous ironT. ferrooxidans

oxidation, 1694Ferrous sulfate

bacterial oxidation, 3101Ferulic acid esterase

S. commune, 1170Festuca arundinacea

isolation of endophyte, 2615Filamentous microorganisms

detection in activated sludge, 799Filtrationmicroporous filters

virus concentration from water, 1325virus concentration, 1325waterborne viruses of fish, 1606zooplankton grazers, 2149

Fishisolation of V. hollisae, 2144V. anguillarium, 2264waterborne viruses

molecular filtration, 1606Flammulina velutipes

high temperature fruiting, 2460Flavobacteria

2,6-dimethylnaphthalene metabolism,428

Flavobacterium spp.opd genehomology to P. diminuta opd, 2586homology to Pseudomonas DNA, 288

pentachlorophenol metabolism, 2452FlocsA. lipoferum, 2986formation in methanogenesis

role in electron flow, 10M. varians subsp. halophilus

5'-nucleotide production, 2632syntrophic methanogenesisformate transfer, 20

Flow cytometryA. brasilense analysis, 1831

Fluorescein isothiocyanateA. brasilense analysis, 1831double staining of bacteria, 2949

Fluorescenceaflatoxin level estimation, 274

Fluorescent-antibody techniquefilamentous microorganisms

detection, 7995-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine

bacterioplankton [3H]thymidine incorpo-ration, 331

Fluvalinatemicrobial transformation, 2874

Foodgamma irradiation

fungal resistance, 2134L. monocytogenes

detection, 2933recovery, 1451

Listeria spp.diagnostic assay, 1564

Food poisoningC. perfringensgrowth in cooked chili, 1104

S. aureusdetection of strains, 531

Food preservativeseffect on yeasts, 2091

Formaldehydeproduction by C. boidinii, 485

Formatetransfer during methanogenesis

significance, 20Frankia spp.

identification, 2500Freeze-dryingchanges in S. aureus, 2486

Freeze-thawingground beef acceptability

lactic acid concentration, 822Fresh watergene transfer, 1923primary and secondary production, 661

FruitingF. velutipes, 2460

Fumitremorginproduction by N. fischeri, 1504

Fumonisinsisolation, 1806

Fungibiomass determination, 1876delignification

models of decay, 62gamma irradiation resistance, 2134lignin degradation, 1117mannitol production, 1784spore yields

variability in measurement, 1430

Fusarenone XF. crookwellense, 2147

Fusarin CF. crookwellense, 2147

Fusarium crookwellensemycotoxin formation, 2147

Fusarium equisetilithocholic acid

conversion to ursodeoxycholic acid,670

Fusarium graminearum3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production

effects of metals, 1063corn cultures

trichothecin, 1700Fusarium moniliforme

fumonisins, 1806Fusarium oxysporumwortmannin

isolation and purification, 1268Fusarium sambucinum

diacetoxyscirpenol production, 2167Fusarium scirpi

enniatin synthetase expression, 2504fermentative growth, 2504

Fusarium sporotrichioidesleucine auxotrophy, 2759T-2 production, 2759

Fusarium spp.infected corn ears, 1930T-2 toxin assay, 1302

Fusarium wiltsuppression in P. putida, 2037

a-Galactosidasebaker's yeast

production, 245P-Galactosidase

L. acidophilusinfluence of temperature on activity,

898Gamma irradiation

fungal resistance, 2134Gas-liquid chromatography

bacterial lipid polymers in sludge, 2325Gastric epithelium

colonization in miceLactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416

Gastrointestinal microorganismsC. jejuni

colonization of chicks, 2365lactobacilli

protoplast formation and regeneration,1615

spheroplast formation and regenera-tion, 1615

reconstitution in mice, 2971Gene replacement mutagenesis

P. atlanticaagarase gene, 30

Gene transferaquatic environments, 1923R. albus cellulase gene, 2300Streptomyces spp., 1334transduction in soil, 1731

Genetic complementationB. japonicum

novel nodulation region, 55Genetic diversity

R. leguminosarum, 2825Genetic engineering

biodegradation

xvi SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX

psychrotrophic bacterium, 638cellobiose fermentation, 3142detection of engineered bacteria, 2185ethanologenic enzymes of Z. inobilis

expression in E. coli, 397lactic streptococci

transformation, 655M. iloltae

drug resistance analysis, 734model suicide vector, 2472P. aeriuginosa BS827

kelthane degradation, 1587P. svringae

environmental release pretest, 1557plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192Rif' mutant survival, 2432thermophiles, 3107TnS mutant bacteria

enumeration, 446transduction in soil, 1731

Genetic experimentationmarine caulobacters

potential, 809Genetic transformation

lactic streptococci, 655M. bo'is identification, 1304

Genome permutationS. c retnoris BK5 bacteriophage, 1039

Genotypic heterogeneityM. gailisepticlm strains, 607

GeranylacetoneArthrobacter sp. strain Y- II

oxidative pathway, 381Giardia canis

cyst inactivation, 2580Giardia lamblia

cyst inactivation, 2580Giardia spp.

cross-species transmission, 2777,B-Glucanasegene cloning and expression, 2672

GlucoamylaseSaccharomyces spp.

starch utilization, 966Glucose

E. citreiusconversion to 2-keto-L-gulonate, 1770

Klebsiella spp.toxicity of metals, 1689

,B-GlucosidaseM. thermnophila, 2152S. fibluligera genes, 3142

N-(Phosphonomethyl)glycinedegradation by A. atr-ocyaneu s, 1293

Glycine spp.phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387rhizobial competitiveness

effect, 803Glycolate

hot spring cyanobacterial matphotoexcretion and fate, 1738

GlycyrrhizinEubacterium sp. strain GLH, 2027

Glyphosatebiodegradation, 2868degradation by A. atrocyvneis, 1293Pseudomonas sp. metabolism, 2953uptake by a Pseiudomonas sp., 1886

Gram-negative bacteriahalogenated phenol methylation, 524identification, 2838

Gram-positive bacteriahalogenated phenol methylation, 524

Granular sludgescoenzyme F420 content

methanogenic activity, 1126Grasshopper

gut microbial ecology, 1174Grazing

microflagellatesfood sources, 613

protozoa in culture, 3113zooplankton grazers

filtration rates, 2149Ground beef

acceptabilitylactic acid concentration, 822

Groundwaterdenitrification, 1071enumeration of bacteria, 1630quinoline hydroxylation, 827trichloroethylene degradation, 1703, 1709

Group B streptococcal plasmidstransfer to L. plantartum, 824

Growth kineticsA. hvdrophila, 2842Mvcobacterium sp.model for analysis, 910

Guaiacolsdechlorination, 683

Gut floraeffect of mucin, 2750Melanop/lus sangiuinipes, 1174Peridro,nia saucia, 1896

Haloalkanesbiodegradation, 3034

Halobacterialysis by bile acids, 990polysaccharide production, 2381

Haloferax mediterraneipolysaccharide production, 2381

Halogenated aromatic aldehydestransformations, 2226

Halogenated phenolsdehalogenation, 3079methylation by cell extracts, 524

Halogensdisinfection, 2583

Halophileshalobacteria

lysis by bile acids, 990M. larians subsp. hlalophliluis

5'-nucleotide production, 2632Hard salami

L. inonocvtogenes, 497Hartmannellid amoebae

L. pneiumophila growth, 2677Hausmannite

formation by a Bacilluis sp., 2140Hay

fermentation by ruminalmicroorganisms, 2174

pony cecumeffects of diet change, 1946

Heat injuryL. monocvtogenes

catalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581

Heat productionP. fliuorescens, 2220P. put-efac iens, 2220

Heat shockB. stearothiermnopl ili/s, 2515

Heat shock proteinsC. acetobutvlicum, 1989

Heavy metalsF. gratninearium R2218

3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production,1063

mercury in acidic lakeseffects on sediments, 2003

oxidesanaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009

Hedvsarium coronarilon L.Rhizobiurn spp.

nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262

Hemicellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530

Hemodialysis centersMAvcobacteriu,m spp., 3122

HemolysinsV. hollisae, 2144

Hemorrhagic factorswortmannin

isolation and purification, 1268Hepatitis A virus

recovery, 1983survival in water, 2705

Herbicidesbromacil

degradation in soil, 2203glyphosate

degradation, 1293, 2868, 2953Hexachlorobenzene

reductive dechlorination, 327Hexachlorocyclohexane

biodegradation in soil slurry, 143Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

aerobic biomineralization, 548High-rate reactorsmethanogen characterization, 693

hok genemodel suicide vector, 2472

Holdfastcaulobacters, 2078

Homoacetogenic bacteriadetergent degradation, 561polyethylene glycol degradation, 561

HomokaryonsA. bisporu.s crosses, 1643A. brunnescens crosses, 1643

Horsesanaerobic GI tract bacteria, 2155

Host rangeplasmid pCUI, 2273X. campestris pv. transl/ucens

development of mutants, 884Host-vector systems

B. stearothermophilius, 3162Hot springs

cyanobacterial matsglycolate, 1738

Housing locationpigs

fecal coliform antibiotic resistance,1341

Human rotavirusrecovery, 1983

Humic waterxenobiotic aromatic pollutants

degradation, 1864HumidityA. taiwanensis

effect, 688

VOL. 54, 1988 xvii

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Hybridization probesruminal ecology studies, 1079

Hydroaromatic substratesR. japonicum

exopolysaccharide synthesis, 1624Hydrocarbonsammonia monooxygenase interaction,

3187BATH test bioluminescence assay, 1436marine sediment slurries

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deg-radation, 1649

Hydrogenacetate production, 2723B. japonicum mutants

nonutilization, 358butyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393C. thermocellum

fermentation product effects, 1216metabolism in sediments

influence of pH, 590oxidation by Bradyrhizobium spp.

pigeon pea, 94partial pressures in coculture, 1457transfer during methanogenesis

significance, 20Hydrogen peroxide

cellulosic substrate degradation, 1163L. pneumophila

effects, 741metabolism in yeasts, 2086P. chrysosporium

influence on ligninase, 466Hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria

butyrate metabolism, 1354Hydrophobic grid membrane filter

E. coli isolation, 2536Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

lipolytic enzyme purification, 13073-Hydroxy-2-formyl benzthiophene

mineralization, 31832-Hydroxybiphenyl

degradation, 2683Hydroxylation

quinoline in contaminated water, 827R. chlorophenolicus

chlorinated phenols, 683Hydroxystilbene antibioticsX. luminescens, 1602

Ice nucleationlichens, 1678

Ice-nucleating bacteriaP. syringae on leaves, 2281

Ictalurus punctatusA. hydrophila isolates, 1861

IdentificationBacteroides spp., 1158E. amylovora, 2798E. coli, 1874, 2536Frankia strains, 2500gram-negative bacilli, 2838L. curvatus DNA probe, 405M. bovis, 1304morpholine-degrading bacterium, 619pyrene degradation products, 2556R. meliloti, 574

ImmobilizationE. coli

product inhibition, 2464leachable soil pollutants, 1719M. isabellina

resin acid biotransformation, 1015Immunodiffusion reactions

analysis of Rhizobium spp., 1825Incompatibility group N plasmidspCUI host ranges, 2273

Indicator organismsBifidobacterium spp.

selective medium, 1715chlorinated water

survival, 649coliphages

drinking water, 1632drinking water systems, 2073E. coli

cell repair, 1901pristine tropical waters, 979

Indoleanaerobic metabolism

environmental factors, 74Azospirillum spp., 2833

Indulindegradation, 3064

Influenza viruspathogenicity in mice, 1744

Injured microorganismsE. coli cell repair, 1901lake water, 2859

InoculaB. japonicum, 2636vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,

353Insect cuticle

attachment of deuteromycetes, 1795Interference competition

coprophilous fungi, 861Intergeneric rosetteshuman periodontal bacteria

sequestered surface recognition, 1046Intestinal microorganisms

B. fibrisolvensesterase activities, 1917

B. thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964growth substrates, 1970

B. vulgatusstarch as substrate, 1911

Bacteroides spp.identification, 1158

equine gastrointestinal tract, 2155Eubacterium sp. strain GLH

glycyrrhizin stimulation, 2027isolation and identification, 2112leopard frogs, 2305, 2311"M. cuniculi"

isolation and characterization, 7686-nitrochrysene

metabolism, 197Rana pipiens, 2305, 2311

InulinaseK. marxianus CBS 6556, 1131

a-lononesmicrobial conversion, 2354

lonophoreseffects on acidosis, 2981tetronasin

effect on ruminal microorganisms, 544Iron

oxidation kinetics, 3092sole electron acceptor

microbial energy metabolism, 1472T. ferrooxidans

oxidation, 1694oxidizing system, 150

Iron limitationA. vinelandii

siderophore production, 2625"P. plantarii"

effect, 844IsobuteneR. minuta

cell-free production system, 583(+ )-Isoepoxydon

production by P. punctata, 861Isolation proceduresA. coenophialum, 2615A. hydrophila, 2786A. parasiticus mutants, 2096alkalophilic bacteria, 1066Bifidobacterium spp., 1715coumaphos-degrading bacteria, 2566dehydrodivanillin-degrading bacterium,

1254intestinal microorganisms, 2112Listeria spp.new selective medium, 165

M. methylotrophusauxotrophic mutants, 271

morpholine-degrading bacterium, 619nontuberculous mycobacteria, 1756pychrophilic bacteria, 1066pyrene-degrading bacteria, 2549R. loti DNA, 2852ruminal bacterium, 872syntrophic acetate oxidizer, 124wortmannin, 1268Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3, 851

Isopimaric acidbiotransformation, 1015

Isotopic dilutionthymidine incorporation assays, 1868

Isotopic distributionsulfur cycle

anaerobic bacteria, 250

Jarositeferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101

KelthaneP. aeruginosa BS827

degradation, 15872-Keto-L-gulonate

E. citreusproduction from glucose, 1770

Killer toxinseffects on eucaryotes, 1068P. anomala

anti-C. albicans activity, 1079Kinetics

cellulose fermentation, 2660Fe2+ oxidation, 3092Mycobacterium sp. growthmodel for analysis, 910

S. cerevisiaeethanol-induced leakage, 903

substrate removal, 2054Klebsiella spp.

toxicity of metalsglucose effects, 1689

Kluyveromyces marxianusinulinase, 1131

L formsC. perfringens

transformation, 264

xviii SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xix

lac gene fusionsPseudomonas spp., 2877

Laccasephenolic compound detoxification, 3086

Lactic acidconcentration in ground beef

acceptability indicator, 822Lactic acid bacteria

cultivation, 1627effects on B. cereus, 2179

Lactic streptococcigenetic transformation, 655lactose fermentation, 1951plasmid-encoded bacteriophage insensi-

tivityconjugal transfer, 777

reduced bacteriophage sensitivity, 1951sucrose fermentation, 1951

Lactobacilligastrointestinal strains

protoplast formation and regeneration,1615

spheroplast formation and regenera-tion, 1615

reconstitution in mice, 2971Lactobacillus acidophilus

P-galactosidase activityinfluence of storage temperature, 898

Lactobacillus bulgaricusbacteriophage ch2 characterization, 1138protoplast transfection, 3014

Lactobacillus caseixylitol-5-phosphate

preparation and purification, 570Lactobacillus curvatusDNA probe, 405

Lactobacillus plantarumE. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmids

comobilization, 824protoplasts, 2599

Lactobacillus spp.gastric epithelium colonization, 416genetic transformation, 416succinic acid production, 3053

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremorisbacteriophage resistance, 2808cell wall properties, 2808proteinase antibodies, 2250

Lactosefermentation by propionibacteria, 1892

Lakesaquatic N2 transformations, 172bacterial sublethal injury, 2859benthic cyanobacterial matoxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176

effects of acidification, 2003microbial Mn(II) oxidation, 1440organic chemical mineralization, 3177

Landfillsmethanogenic bacteria

isolation and characterization, 835Larvicides

B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis endo-toxins

structural relatedness, 277Latex particles

enterotoxin detection, 2345Leakage

S. cerevisiaeinduction by ethanol, 903

LectinsA. brasilense analysis, 1831

Lecythophora hoffmanniiphenolic compound utilization, 1882

Legionella pneumophilagrowth in tap water, 2677oxidizing biocides

effects, 741Legionella spp.

cooling towers, 2331Leopard frog

large intestinal bacteria, 2305, 2311Lepidoptera spp.

B. thuringiensis crystal proteinsinsecticidal spectrum, 2010

Leptospira spp.mitomycin C sensitivity, 728UV radiation sensitivity, 728

Leucineaquatic bacterial production, 3191bacterial production estimation, 1934F. sporotrichioides auxotrophy, 2759

Leuconostoc lactisfermentation condition effects, 2527

Leuconostoc spp.antibiotic resistance determinants

plasmid conjugal transfer, 281Lichens

ice nucleation activity, 1678LightN. cryotolerans survival, 2890N. fischeri

fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504

Lignindegradation, 1117

Lignin peroxidasepine wood penetrability, 2608

LigninaseP. chrysosporium, 3194

hydrogen peroxide influence, 466thianthrene oxidation, 1858veratryl alcohol influence, 466

S. viridosporus, 3057Lignocellulose

S. viridosporus T7Aaromatic acid cleavage, 2237

Lignolytic activityS. badius, 3064S. viridosporus, 3057, 3064T. versicolor, 1550

LipidsA. curvatum

production, 748detection in sludge, 2325S. wolfei, 1570

Lipolytic enzymesB. pumilis

purification, 1307Liquid chromatography

plant material ergosterol content, 1876Listeria monocytogenes

detection, 2933hard salami, 497heat injury

catalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581

inhibition, 2349recovery from cheese, 2643recovery from foods, 1451thermal inactivation, 364tissues of cattle, 497

Listeria spp.antigen identification, 1564enumeration, 3003

isolationnew selective medium, 165

Lithoautotrophytransfer and expression, 3173

Lithocholic acidF. equiseti M41 conversion, 670

Lysishalobacteria, 990

MaizeE. ochrosalmoneum infestation

citreoviridin levels, 1096indole metabolism, 2833

Malatelactic acid bacteria

cultivation, 1627Manduca sexta

isolation of S. plymuthica, 1855Manganese

microbial oxidation, 1440, 2140sole electron acceptor

microbial energy metabolism, 1472Mannitol

production by fungi, 1784Mannoproteins

S. cerevisiaebioemulsifiers, 1420

MannoseA. vinelandii

effects on growth, 473Marine environment

bacterial DNA synthesis, 3165caulobacters

adhesive holdfast, 2078isolation and characterization, 809potential for experimentation, 809

estimating bacterial production, 1934naphthalene degradation, 2478R. littoreum

chemotaxis, 1668salt marsh sedimentmethanogenic bacteria, 1151

sedimenthydrocarbon degradation, 1649

sediment dehalogenation, 3079Marine phagotrophic protozoa

rates of digestion of bacteria, 1091MARS reactormethanogen characterization, 693

Mass transfer limitationE. coli immobilization, 2464

Meatbacterial content assessment, 1462

MediaA. hydrophila recovery, 2786acidified mediagrowth of C. botulinum, 1446

aflatoxin levelsestimation, 274

Bifidobacterium spp., 1715C. botulinumdevelopment, 753

C. botulinum type Agrowth in acidified medium, 1446

E. coli identification, 1874L. monocytogenes

recovery from foods, 1451Listeria sp. enumeration, 3003Listeria spp.

isolation, 165M. mobile

nutritional requirements, 625

VOL. 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

N2-fixing H2-oxidizing bacteriaenumeration, 1313

sulfur-basal saltsT. ferrooxidans, 150

T. ferrooxidanssulfur-basal salts, 150

Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3isolation, 851

melRhizobium spp., 1812

Melaninproduction by Rhizobium spp., 1812

Melanoplus sanguinipesgut microbial ecology, 1174

MembraneE. coli nutrient depletion, 2107

Membrane-active agentspetite yeast mutants, 3126

MercuryKlebsiella sp.

toxicity, 1689Mercury chloride

volatilization, 2871Mercury methylation

effects of acidification, 2003Mercury resistance

plasmidstransfer and occurrence, 972

Metal oxidesanaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009

MetalsF. graminearum R2118

3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production,1063

Klebsiella sp.glucose and sensitivity, 1689

Methaneproteolytic clostridia

precursor, 1581Methane-oxidizing bacteria

trichloroethylene biodegradation, 951Methanobacterium bryantiigrowth and metabolic activitycoenzyme F420 content, 454

quantification, 1003Methanococcus jannaschiigrowth and CH4 production, 3039pressure and temperature effects, 3039

Methanococcus thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258protein pattern alterations, 2375

Methanococcus voltaedrug resistance, 734

Methanogenesiscoal gasification waste, 2964cocultures

propionate catabolism, 1300cofactor content of sludges, 1126digester flora

analysis, 79effect of mucin, 2750formate transfer

significance, 20granular sludges

cofactor content, 1126interspecies electron flow

floc formation, 10M. jannaschii, 3039methylated amines

algal mat, 130phenolic compound degradation, 1277propionate catabolism, 1300propionate reductive carboxylation, 441

salt marsh, 1151tetrachloroethylene dechlorination, 2976

Methanogenic bacteriahuman dental plaque, 600steers fed high- or low-forage diets

postprandial changes, 502Methanogens

bacteria from landfillsisolation and characterization, 835

high-rate anaerobic reactorscharacterization, 693

"M. cuniculi"isolation and characterization, 768

Methanolfermentation in the sheep rumen, 832

Methanol yeastsC. boidiniiformaldehyde production, 485

Methanomicrobium mobilenutritional requirements, 625

Methanosarcina barkeridiazotrophy, 1656growth and metabolic activitycoenzyme F420 content, 454

nitrogen fixation, 1656nitrogenase activity, 1656

Methanosarcina mazeilife cycle control, 2064quantification, 1003

Methanosarcina spp.tetrachloroethylene dechlorination, 2976

"Methanosphaera cuniculi"isolation and characterization, 768

L-Methionineproteolytic clostridia, 1581

3-Methoxybenzoic acid"0-methoxy substituentmetabolism by bacteria, 1237

Methoxylated aromatic compoundsmetabolism by bacteria, 1237

Methyl parathiondegradation by a Pseudomonas sp., 288

Methylated aminesmethanogenesis

algal mats, 130Methylation

halogenated phenols, 524thiophenols, 524

0-Methylationphenolic compounds, 3043R. chlorophenolicus

chlorinated para-hydroquinones, 1818Methylcellulose

B. fibrisolvensinhibition of cellulose degradation, 890

R. flavefaciens FD-Iinhibition of exo-P-1,4-glucanase A,

16342-Methylisoborneol

bacterial degradation, 2424Methylophilus methylotrophus

auxotrophic mutantsisolation, 271

4-Methylumbelliferone-p-D-galactosidefecal coliform detection, 2118

Micegastric epithelium colonization

Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416germfree intestinal tract

B. thetaiotaomicron survival, 1964,1970

influenza viruspathogenicity, 1744

microflora reconstitution, 2971S. zooepidemicus

pathogenicity, 1744MicroaerophilesA. chroococcum, 2123

Microbial activitysubstrate removal kinetics, 2054subtropical estuary

seasonal and diel variability, 718Microbial decomposition

aquatic environments, 784Microbial energy metabolism

novel mode, 1472Microbial lipid

production, 748Microbial mats

glycolate photoexcretion, 1738oxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176

Microcarrier beadssuspension cultivation, 2862

Micrococcus varians subsp. halophilus5'-nucleotide production, 2632

Microflagellatesaggregated and free bacteriafood sources, 613

Microporous filtersvirus concentration from water, 1325

Microsensorsdenitrification studies, 2245

Milkaflatoxin M,, 1622L. monocytogenes

thermal inactivation, 364sheep milk staphylococci

enterotoxin production, 566Mineral water

virus survival, 2705Mineralization

carbofuran, 2129dibenzothiophene sulfone, 31833-hydroxy-2-formyl benzthiophene, 3183organic chemicals in lakes, 3177phenanthrene

estuarine enrichment cultures, 929Mycobacterium sp., 937

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 1612protozoa in culture, 3113

Mitomycin CLeptospira sensitivity, 728

Mixed extractantsC. acetobutylicum

butanol formation, 1662Mixotrophic metabolism

strain DCB-1, 2944Model rock systems

plugging with starved bacteria, 1365Modified atmospheres

T-2 toxin production on corninhibition, 540

Modified-marker exchangeA. methylotrophus

auxotrophic mutant isolation, 271Molecular filtrationwaterborne viruses of fish, 1606

Monensineffects on acidosis, 2981peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742

Mongolian gerbilcecal and fecal bacterial flora, 1210

Monochloramineparticle-associated coliforms

inactivation, 507

xx SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xxi

Monoclonal antibodiesB. thuringiensis crystal proteins

analysis, 2010group A trichothecenes, 2959L. lactis proteinase, 2250Listeria spp.

antigen identification, 1564roridin A antibodies, 2328

Monoxenic cultureP. invadens growth, 1848

Moraxella bovisidentification, 1304

Moraxella spp.naphthalenesulfonate degradation, 1842

Morpholinedegradation by a bacterium, 619

Morphologycontrol in M. mazei S-6, 2064

Mortierella isabellinaresin acid biotransformation, 1015

MosquitoesB. sphaericus toxin, 2320

Most-probable-number techniqueE. coli enumeration, 1595enumeration of rhizobia

reliability, 1494enumeration of soil bacteria, 446N2-fixing H2-oxidizing bacteria

enumeration, 1313Poisson assumption test, 2996total coliform enumeration, 1595

MotilityP. syringae pv. tomato, 629

Mount Erebusgeothermally heated soils

thermophilic heterotrophs, 622Mouse a-amylaseSaccharomyces spp.

starch utilization, 966Mouse enterocytesenzyme activity

influence of microbiota, 2405stability in cell suspension, 2398

Mouse small intestineenterocyte stability, 2398

Mucineffect on gut bacteria, 2750

MucopolysaccharidesB. thetaiotaomicron growth, 1970

Multiple tube fermentation techniqueE. coli enumeration, 1595total coliform enumeration, 1595

MushroomsA. bisporus

crosses among homokaryons, 1643A. brunnescens

crosses among homokaryons, 1643Muskrats

Giardia transmission, 2777Mutagenesis

B. polymyxa2,3-butanediol production, 168

yeasts, 3126Myceliophthora thermophila

j-glucosidase synthesis, 2152Mycobacterium spp.

disinfectants, 2856growth kineticsmodel for analysis, 910

hemodialysis center water, 3122isolation from water supplies, 1756phenanthrene mineralization, 937phenolic compound degradation, 3043

pyrene degradation, 2556Mycoplasma gallisepticum

intraspecies genotypic heterogeneity, 607Mycotoxins

citreoviridinmaize kernels, 1096

contamination of drug plants, 842corn ears, 1930F. crookwellense, 2147fumitremorgin

production by N. fischeri, 1504fumonisins

isolation, 1806inhibition of production, 2361T-2 toxin

assay, 1302trichothecin

corn cultures, 1700wortmannin

isolation and purification, 1268

Naphthalenedegradation, 2478microbial degradation, 1182, 1188

Naphthalenesulfonatedegradation by a Moraxella sp., 1842

Naphtholmicrobial degradation, 1182

Napier grassB. fibrisolvens

xylan degradation, 1085Neocallimastix frontalis

a-amylase production, 2293Neosartorya fischeri

fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504

NeurotoxinsC. botulinumimproved defined media, 753

C. botulinum type Aformation in acidified medium, 1446

C. botulinum type Gplasmid-mediated production, 1405

NicotinamideR. rhodochrous Ji

production from 3-cyanopyridine, 1766Nicotinic acid

R. rhodochrous JIproduction, 1030

nifRhizobium spp.

conservation, 1262symbiotic plasmids, 1280

nif reiterationsR. phaseoli

effect on symbiotic effectiveness, 848Nisin

S. lactis resistance determinant, 2136Nitrategroundwater

denitrification, 1071measurement, 1409reduction and heat production, 2220

Nitric oxide2,3-diaminonaphthalene

nitrosation, 1791Nitrification

T. pantotropha, 2812Nitrilase

R. rhodochrous J1nicotinic acid production, 1030

Nitrile hydrataseR. rhodochrous JI

nicotinamide production, 1766Nitriles

biodegradation, 2197Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria

Nitrobacter spp.acid forest soil, 1536

Nitroaromatic compoundsenzymatic dehalogenation, 1199

Nitrobacter spp.acidophilic strain from soil, 1536neutrophilic strain from soil, 1536

6-Nitrochryseneintestinal microflora

metabolism, 197Nitrogen

aquatic transformations, 172assimilation by yeasts, 3185mycotoxin production inhibition, 2361Porphyridium sp. effect, 2411T. i'ersicolor

cloning of starvation-induced genes,1550

Nitrogen fixationA. chroococcum, 2123A. vinelandii

effects of mannose on growth, 473Azospirillum spp.

influence of amino acids, 87B. japonicum inoculants, 2636Bradyrhizobium spp.

pigeon pea, 94enumeration of bacteria, 1313M. barkeri 227, 1656phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387R. fredii

auxotrophic mutants, 423P. vulgaris genotypes, 1907

R. leguminosarum, 3008Rhizobium spp.

nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262

S. alterniflora roots, 2031salt marsh sediment, 2031

NitrogenaseM. barkeri 227, 1656

Nitrogen-containing compoundsremoval from shale oil, 2197

Nitrosation2,3-diaminonaphthalene, 1791

Nitrosomonas cryotoleransenergy source deprivation, 2890

Nitrosomonas europaeaenzyme-hydrocarbon interaction, 3187

Nitrous oxidedenitrification studies, 2245nitrate measurement, 1409

NivalenolF. crookuellense, 2147

nodR. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541Rhizobium spp.

conservation, 1262Nodularia spumigena

hepatotoxic peptide, 2257Nodulation

B. japonicumnovel nodulation region, 55

B. japonicum competition, 1996Bradyrhizobiurn spp.

pigeon pea, 94expression of genes, 2541

VOL. 54, 1988

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

R. fredii, 1907Rhizobium symbiotic plasmids, 1280

Nomarski interference microscopybacterial size measurement, 105

Nonionic surfactantsfermentative degradation, 561

NSF-2butyrate metabolism, 1354

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopybacterial spores, 923green algae

chemical composition, 1051Nuclear reactor cooling reservoir

effluentadaptation of phytoplankton-degrading

communities, 1481Nuclease HM. varians subsp. halophilus

5'-nucleotide production, 2632Nucleic acids

C. botulinum bacteriophagecharacterization, 69

Nucleotidesendo-P-1,4-glucanase gene, 1289,-glucosidase genes, 3142production by M. varians, 2632

Nutrient resuscitationstarved cells, 1373

Nutrientsacclimation period effect, 3177aerobic biodegradation

influence, 212amended soils

R. leguminosarum growth, 257R. meliloti growth, 257

C. necatorresponse in soil, 2161

E. colisensitivity to depletion, 2107

microbial adaptationinfluence, 212

organic chemical mineralization, 3177NutritionM. mobile requirements, 625nitrogen fixation effects, 2387

Nutritional assaysA. hydrophila, 2842M. bovis identification, 1304

0-demethylation3-methoxybenzoic acid, 1237

Oilnitrile biodegradation, 2197sediment below oil field

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon min-eralization, 1612

Oil field injection watermicrobial biomass and activity, 1383

Oil recoverymodel rock system plugging, 1365selective plugging, 1373waterflood injection well

microbial biomass and activity, 1383Oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes

L. monocytogenes, 2933Oligotrophic lakes

microbial Mn(II) oxidation, 14400-methylation

phenolic compounds, 3043R. chlorophenolicus

chlorinated para-hydroquinones, 1818

Oocystsdigestion effects, 2335

opd geneFlavobacterium sp.homology to P. diminuta opd, 2586homology to Pseudomonas DNA, 288

Oral bacteriaarginine deiminase system, 1318Veillonella coaggregation, 1957

Organic acidsB. cereus germination and growth, 2179

Organic flocculationrecovery of viruses, 309

OxalateA. niger

biosynthesis, 633Oxisol

vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiinteraction with erosion, 945

Oxygenbenthic cyanobacterial mat

consumption, 176denitrification studies, 22452,3-diaminonaphthalene

nitrosation, 1791low concentrations

aquatic N2 transformations, 172R. cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619

Oysterspathogenic virus recovery, 1983

OzoneL. pneumophila

effects, 741

Pachysolen tannophilusxylitol dehydrogenase

induction, 50xylose reductase

induction, 50Packed-bed reactors

Fe2+ oxidation kinetics, 3092ferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101jarosite formation, 3101

Paramoeba inv'adensgrowth in monoxenic culture, 1848

Partial pressurehydrogenmethanogenic coculture, 1457

Pea seedlingsethylene influence, 2728

Pediococcus acidilacticiL. monocytogenes inhibition, 2349

Penicillin G acylasecloning of gene, 2603

Pentachlorophenolbiodegradation, 2885metabolism, 2452ruminal microorganism sensitivity, 2619

Pentitolshay fermentation, 2174

Pentoseshay fermentation, 2174

PeptidesN. spumigena, 2257peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742

Peptostreptococcipeptide and amino acid fermentation,

2742Peridroma saucia

gut bacterial flora, 1896

Periodontal bacteriaintergeneric rosettes

sequestered surface recognition, 1046Permeability

B. stearothermophilus spores, 2515Permethrin

microbial transformation, 2874Pesticides

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexaneaerobic biomineralization, 548

carbofuranbacterial metabolism, 2129

Petroleumhydrocarbons

degradation, 1649n-alkyl tetrahydrothiophenes

microbial degradation, 1243Petroleum recoverymodel rock system plugging, 1365selective plugging, 1373waterflood injection well

microbial biomass and activity, 1383pH

elution of enteroviruses, 1880lactic acid bacteria

cultivation, 1627microbial hydrogen metabolism

influence, 590R. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541regulated continuous culture

ethanol-tolerant yeast hybrids, 917Phanerochaete chrysosporium

crystal violet biodegradation, 1143lignin peroxidase

pine wood penetrability, 2608lignin peroxidase production, 3194ligninasehydrogen peroxide influence, 466veratryl alcohol influence, 466

pentachlorophenol degradation, 2885thianthrene oxidation, 1858

Pharmaceuticalsgram-negative bacilli, 2838

Phaseolus vulgarisRhizobium symbiotic plasmids, 1280symbioses with R. fredii, 1907

Phenanthreneestuarine enrichment cultures

two-stage mineralization, 929Mycobacterium sp.

mineralization, 937Phenol

substituted phenolsoxidation by Pseudomonas spp., 1399

Phenolic compoundsBacteroides spp. effects, 3019degradation, 3043detoxification, 3086methanogenic degradation, 12770 methylation, 3043utilization by L. hoffmannii, 1882

L-Phenylalanine ammonia-lyaseR. graminis

strain improvement, 996Phosphate

effect on carbon steel corrosion, 386Pseudomonas sp. strain PG2982

starvation-induced glyphosate uptake,1886

removal from wastewater, 2894Phospholipid fatty acidscomposition in S. wolfei, 1570

xxii SUBJECT INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX xxiii

PhosphorusA. atrocyaneus ATCC 13752

glyphosate degradation, 1293nitrogen fixation effects, 2387S. capricornutum

uptake enhancement, 1394Photoexcretion

glycolatehot spring cyanobacterial mat, 1738

Photolysisbenzo[a]pyrene biodegradation, 1724

Photosemiconductor powderscontinuous-sterilization system, 1330

Photosynthesisbenthic cyanobacterial mat

potential, 176R. palustris

aromatic compound metabolism, 712S. capricornutumenhancement, 1394

Photosynthetic bacteriasalt marsh, 1360

Phototrophic bacteriasalt marsh, 1360

Phthalate-degrading bacteriapyridine compound metabolism, 2342

Phyllosphereconjugal plasmid transfer, 343

Phylogenyruminal microbial ecology, 1079

Phytoplankton-degrading communitiesadaptation to thermal reactor effluent,

1481Phytotoxins

syringomycin, 1345Pichia anomala

anti-C. albicans activity, 1099Pichia stipitis

xylitol dehydrogenaseinduction, 50

xylose reductaseinduction, 50

Pigeon peaBradyrhizobium spp.

hydrogen oxidation, 94nitrogen fixation, 94nodulation, 94

PigmentationS. marcescens, 3138X. luminescens, 1602

Pigsfecal coliforms

antibiotic resistance, 1341Planktonic microorganismsDNA extraction, 1426

Plant pathogenesisP. syringae pv. syringae

role of syringomycin, 1345Plasmid incompatibility

S. cremoriseffect on DNA transfer, 865

Plasmid transferB. subtilis and S. lactis, 1309denitrification, 3173lithoautotrophy, 3173mercury resistance, 972P. aeruginosa strains, 1923river epilithon, 2756V. cholerae, 2771

Plasmidsantibiotic resistanceLeuconostoc spp., 281

aquatic bacteria

DNA recipients, 115B. ruminicola

tetracycline resistance, 855B. subtilis

transfer, 1309bacteria from amphipods, 1284bacteria from sediments, 2916BamHI analysis, 2594bovine growth hormone expression

stabilization in E. coli, 1293C. botulinum type G

toxin and bacteriocin production, 1405C. perfringens

shuttle plasmid system, 268ColE1::TnS

E. coli survival, 1776conjugative transfer

predictive model, 343E. amylovora identification, 2798E. coli

shuttle plasmid system, 268E. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmids

comobilization to L. plantarum, 824frequency fluctuations, 2192gram-negative purple bacteria, 2273group B streptococcal plasmids

transfer to L. plantarum, 824homologous opd genes, 2586incompatibilityDNA transfer to S. cremoris, 865

lactic streptococcibacteriophage insensitivity, 777

mercury resistancetransfer and occurrence, 972

non-OI V. cholerae, 2771P. aeruginosa BS827

kelthane degradation, 1587P. aeruginosa survival, 2574psychrotrophic bacteria

degradative capacity, 638Rhizobium spp., 1280Rhizobium spp. nodulating sulla, 1262S. aureus

indicators of poultry contamination,1541

S. lactisnisin resistance, 2136transfer, 1309

S. plymuthica from M. sexta, 1855S. typhimurium

analysis, 1591restriction and modification system,

1591Salmonella spp.

comparison, 760shuttle plasmid DNA

C. perfringens transformation, 264Streptomyces spp.

conjugative plasmid transfer, 1334nonconjugative plasmid mobilization,

1334stressed soil communities, 2192transfer

bacteria from amphipods, 1284Plating efficiencyD. vulgaris, 2318

Pluggingmodel rock system, 1365

Poisson assumptiontest of validity, 2996

Poliovirusrecovery, 1983

PoliovirusesFinnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371retention in soil columns, 118survival in water, 2705

Pollutantspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-

poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188

Pollutionpsychrotrophic bacterium

degradative capacity, 638Poly-3-hydroxyalkanoatesformation by P. oleovorans, 2924

Poly(,-hydroxyalkanoates)P. oleovorans, 1977

Poly-,-hydroxybutyrateA. lipoferum flocs, 2986determination in sludge, 2325

Poly-,B-hydroxyvaleratedetermination in sludge, 2325

Polychlorinated biphenylscometabolism, 19402,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl

effects on S. capricornutum, 1394Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

degradation, 1182, 1188, 1649, 1724formation, 2415mineralization, 1612pyrene-degrading bacteria, 2549

Polyestersformation by P. oleovorans, 2924P. oleovorans as source, 1977

Polyethylene glycolfermentative degradation, 561pathogenic virus recovery, 1983

Polymersantibacterial activity, 2532

Polyoxyalkylene glycollipolytic enzyme purification, 1307

Polysaccharide-digesting bacteriaisolation, 1061

PolysaccharidesB. fibrisolvens

neutral sugar composition, 878production, 878

digestion by a bacterium, 1061H. mediterranei, 2381Porphyridium sp., 2411production by propionibacteria, 1892ruminal microorganisms

degradation, 1117Polystyrene particles

adhesion to solid substrata, 837Polyurethane foamM. isabellina

immobilization, 1015Pony cecum

effects of diet change, 1946Population dynamics

C. pintolopesii in mice, 2371P. syringae

aerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557

soil denitrifiers, 2711Pork

Y. enterocoliticaisolation, 851

Y. pseudotuberculosis isolatesvirulence, 818

Poronia punctata(+)-isoepoxydon production, 861

Porphyridium spp.polysaccharide production, 2411

VOL. 54, 1988

xxiv SUBJECT INDEX

Porphyrinsdelignification of wood, 62

Potassium telluriteThermus spp.

resistance, 610Potato infection courtsErwinia spp.

antibiosis and competition, 1222Potato starch

digestion by B. subtilis 65a-amylase, 1516

Poultry intestinal homogenatesbacterial cholyltaurine hydrolase

effects of dietary carbohydrates, 337Poultry processing plants

S. aureus contaminationplasmid profiles as indicators, 1541

Poultry wasteanaerobic digestion, 2335

PredationC. necator

response to nutrients, 2161Preservatives

effect on yeasts, 2091PressureM. jannaschii, 3039M. thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258protein pattern alterations, 2375

Prey availabilityP. invadens growth, 1848

Primary bacterial productionsouthwestern reservoir, 661

Propionatecatabolism, 1300reductive carboxylation, 441

Propionate-forming bacteriadetergent degradation, 561polyethylene glycol degradation, 561polysaccharide production, 1892

Proteaseregulation in B. bassiana, 2699X. luminescens, 2793

Proteinaquatic bacterial studies, 3191B. thuringiensis

insecticidal crystal proteins, 2010C. acetobutylicum, 198913- 1,4-endoglucanase

excretion into medium, 2287M. thermolithotrophicus

pressure-induced alterations, 2375production by "P. plantarii"

effect of iron limitation, 844Proteinase

L. lactis, 2250S. cremoris Wg2

deletion analysis, 239gene nucleotide sequence, 231

Protoplast fusionR. albus and FE7, 1249R. albus gene transfer, 2300

ProtoplastsL. plantarum, 2599lactobacilli

formation and regeneration, 1615transfection by phage DNA, 3014

Protozoabacterial survival, 3023bison, 2733continuous cultures, 3113E. tenella

anaerobic digestion, 2335

marine phagotrophsrates of digestion of bacteria, 1091

pony cecumeffects of diet change, 1946

Pseudomonas aeruginosain situ survival, 2574kelthane degradation, 1587plasmid transfer, 1923

Pseudomonas atlanticaagarase gene

cloning, 30gene replacement mutagenesis, 30

Pseudomonas diminutaopd-containing plasmid, 2586

Pseudomonas fluorescenshaloaliphatic hydrocarbon metabolism,

2578heat production, 2220survival of Rif' mutants, 2432

Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosaendoglucanase characterization, 302

Pseudomonas oleovoranspoly(13-hydroxyalkanoates), 1977polyester formation, 2924

"Pseudomonas plantarii"growth

effect of iron limitation, 844tropolone and protein production

effect of iron limitation, 844Pseudomonas putida

adherence and colonization, 375agglutinability, 2037dibenzothiophene degradation, 31832,3-dioxygenase, 2664fusarium wilt suppression, 2037genetic region cloning, 3169oxidation of substituted phenols, 1399survival of Rif' mutants, 2432toluene degradation, 1498toluene dioxygenase, 1703trichloroethylene degradation, 1703

Pseudomonas putrefaciensheat production, 2220

Pseudomonas spp.bromacil degradation, 22034-chlorobiphenyl biotransformation, 5941,2-dichlorobenzene degradation, 294glyphosate metabolism, 2953glyphosate uptake, 1886hydroxybiphenyl degradation, 2683lac gene fusions, 2877methyl parathion degradation, 288naphthalene degradation, 2478oxidation of substituted phenols, 1399

Pseudomonas syringaeaerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557ice nucleation on leaves, 2281

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringaeplant pathogenesis

syringomycin role, 1345Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

chemotaxis, 629Psychrophiles

bacteriaisolation, 1066

Psychrotrophic bacteriadegradative capacity, 638

Purple bacteriaplasmid pCU I host ranges, 2273

Pyrene-degrading bacteriaisolation and characterization, 2549Mycobacterium sp., 2556

Pyrethroid insecticidesmicrobial transformation, 2874

Pyridine compoundsbacterial metabolism, 2342

Pyridinium-type polymersantibacterial activity, 2532

Pyrimidine dimersUV light resistance, 1275

Quinolinemicrobial hydroxylation, 827

R plasmidsSalmonella spp.

comparison, 760Rain forests

fecal coliforms, 513Rana pipiens

large intestinal bacteria, 2305, 2311Rapid latex agglutination test

enterotoxin detection, 2345Rapid NFT

bacillus identification, 2838Rats

steroid-desulfating bacteria, 2112Redox conditions

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarboncompounds

degradation, 1182Reductive carboxylation

propionate, 441Refrigerated meat

bacterial content assessment, 1462Refrigerationground beef acceptability

lactic acid concentration, 822RelatednessSynechococcus spp., 3071

Released microorganismsrecovery from compost, 3107

Repressorbacteriophage 434 repressor

E. coli plasmid stabilization, 1293Reservoirs

primary and secondary production, 661Resin acidsM. isabellina

transformation, 1015Resistance

B. stearothermophilusheat shock, 2515

Tn919tetracycline resistance determinant,

1230Resistance mechanisms

chlorinated waterbacterial survival, 649

lactic streptococci, 2808Restriction endonucleases

Y. enterocolitica serotype 08occurrence of YenI, 577

Restriction fragment length polymorphismsmushrooms

crosses among homokaryons, 1643Synechococcus relatedness, 3071

Reuse lifechemical disinfectants, 158

Rhizobiacompetitiveness

effect of Glycine spp., 803ecological indicators, 1112enumeration in tropical soils, 1494

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxv

Rhlizobiiu,n ftediiauxotrophic mutants, 423competitiveness

effect of Glicine spp., 803nitrogen fixation efficacy, 1907nodulation efficacy, 1907P. i'ulgaris genotypes, 1907transposon mutagenesis, 423

Rhizobiun japoniciinexopolysaccharide synthesis, 1624hydroaromatic substrates, 1624

Rhizobiiin leguininosaruinizdehydrogenase complex, 3008genetic diversity, 2825nodulation gene expression, 2541nutrient-amended soils

growth, 257relationships of isolates, 2825

Rliizobiirm lotiDNA sequence isolation, 2852

Rhlizobilrn mnelilotibacteriophages, 188exposure to stress, 183nutrient-amended soils

growth, 257strain identification method, 574survivability, 183

Rhiizobbiun pliaseolinif reiterations

effect on symbiotic effectiveness, 848Rhizobiion spp.

melanin production, 1812niif and nod conservation, 1262numerical taxonomic analysis, 1825plasmid profile diversity, 1262symbiotic plasmids, 1280

Rhizophvdium littoreionchemotaxis, 1668

Rhizosphereconjugal plasmid transfer, 343root agglutinin

effect on microbial activities, 1838Rhodanese

Thiobacillus spp., 2866Rhodobacter sphlaeroides

carbon allocation, 2737Rhodococcus clhloroplhenolicus

chlorinated guaiacols and syringolshydroxylation and dechlorination, 683

chlorinated para-hydroquinones0-methylation, 1818

Rhodococicus rhodochrousnicotinamide production, 1766nicotinic acid production, 1030

Rhodococcus spp.phenolic compound degradation, 3043

Rhodopseiudotnonas paliustr-isaromatic compound metabolism, 712

Rhodotorula grarninisL-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 996

Rhlodotoritla flhiniltaisobutene-forming system, 583

Rifampin resistancesurvival of mutants, 2432

River epilithonmercury resistance plasmids

transfer and occurrence, 972plasmid transfer, 2756

RNA hybridizationruminal ecology studies, 1079

Root agglutinineffect on rhizosphere bacteria, 1838

Rootscolonization by P. pihtida. 375stimulation of elongation. 3169

Roridin Aenzyme immunoassay

use of rabbit antibodies. 225monoclonal antibodies. 2328

Roseburiat ('cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619

Rosetteshuman periodontal bacteria

sequestered surface recognition, 104616S rRNA sequencingruminal microbial ecology. 1079

Ruminal lactic acidosisionophore effects, 2981

Ruminal microbial ecologyhybridization probes, 1079

Ruminal microorganismsammonia production, 872B. rutminicola

enumeration, 534bacterial species

differentiation, 596bacteriophages

morphological diversity, 1637cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660cellulosic substrate degradation, 1163enrichment and isolation, 872fermentation comparisons, 2510,B-glucanase gene cloning, 2672hay fermentation, 2174ionophore effects, 2981lignin degradation, 1117N.jiontalis cQ-amylase, 2293peptostreptococcus, 2742population comparisons, 2510protozoa in bison, 2733R. flavefaiciens FD-1

exo-,-1,4-glucanase A inhibition, 1634S. I-iiiiiitittltltllr

temperate bacteriophage, 1575seed germination, 218selected bacteria

amylolytic activity, 772sensitivity to pentachlorophenol, 2619sheep rumenmethanol fermentation, 832

steers fed high- or low-forage dietspostprandial changes, 502

tetronasin effect, 544Rutninococcus albius

cellulase genecloning and expression in E. coli, 1511

cellulase gene transfer, 2300cellulase genes

expression in bacteriophage X, 1752cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660intergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249

Ruininococcus flavefacienscellulose degradation

inhibition by methylcellulose, 890exo-,B-1,4-glucanase A

methylcellulose inhibition, 1634

Saccharotnvues btavanuIisethanol tolerance, 2439

Saccharomtvces cerei'isiaeC. fizi exoglucanase

expression and secretion. 476ethanol accumulation, 110ethanol-induced leakage, 903

fermentationethanol accumulation, 110ethanol production decline, 98

0-glucosidase expression, 3142mannoprotein as bioemulsifier, 1420

Saccharomyces spp.starch utilization, 966

Sa( cl-roounX(vopsis fibulige-tranucleotide sequences of genes. 3142

SalamiL. Pnonocvtogenes, 497

Salmttotnella spp.survival in estuaries, 2902virulence factors and R plasmidscomparison, 760

Salmnonella tvphimuriumnplasmid profile analysis, 1591restriction and modification system, 1591

Salmonellosisplasmid profile analysis, 1591

Salt marshesanaerobic phototrophic bacteria, 1360methanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031polysaccharide-digesting bacterium

isolation, 1061Sandstone rocks

cryptoendolithic microbiotabiomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960

Schizophyllutn communeferulic acid esterase activity, 1170

Sea urchinP. invadens invasion, 1848

Second carbon sourcesbiodegradation, 2803

Secondary bacterial productionconversion factor evaluation, 2018southwestern reservoir, 661

Sedimentsdehalogenation, 3079dimethylsulfoniopropionate

demethylation, 2208DNA recovery, 2908effects of acidification, 2003halogenated aromatic aldehydes

transformations, 2226hydrocarbon degradation, 1649microbial hydrogen metabolism

influence of pH, 590naphthalene degradation, 2478oil field

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon min-eralization, 1612

pathogenic virus recovery, 1983plasmid incidence, 2916salt marshesmethanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031

trichloroethylene degradation, 1709Seed germination

cellulolytic ruminal bacteriaeffect, 218

Selective pluggingmodel rock system, 1365sandstone cores, 1373

Selena(sitriimn capricornutumn2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl effects,

1394Selenate

reduction by bacteria, 2591Selenomtnontats r-imminantiiitu

temperate bacteriophage

VOL. 54, 1988

xxvi SUBJECT INDEX

isolation and characterization, 1575Sensitivity

lactic streptococcibacteriophages, 777, 1951

Leptospira spp.mitomycin C, 728UV radiation, 728

Sepharose 6Blipolytic enzyme purification, 1307

Seroepidemiologycholera, 1673

Serratia marcescenspigmentation induction, 3138

Serratia plymuthicaisolation from Manduca sexta, 1855

Sewage sludgehexachlorobenzene dechlorination, 327recovery of viruses

beef extract elution, 1880organic flocculation, 309

Sewage watersviruses, 371

ShakingC. thermocellum

fermentation product effects, 1216Shale oil

nitrile biodegradation, 2197Sheepmethanol fermentation in the rumen, 832ruminal bacteriophages

morphological diversity, 1637Sheep milk staphylococci

enterotoxin production, 566Siderophores

production by A. vinelandii, 2625Sinefungin

S. incarnatusregulation of biosynthesis, 1109

Sludgeapplication to soil columns

poliovirus retention, 118bacterial lipid polymers, 2325coenzyme F420 content

methanogenic activity, 1126S. natans detection, 799viruses

low-temperature stability, 839Sodiumdependent A. chroococcum, 2123

Sodium dodecyl sulfatedegradation by bacteria, 555

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-degrading bacteriadistributions in a polluted river, 555

Soilacidophilic Nitrobacter strain, 1536alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane

aerobic biomineralization, 548B. japonicum inoculants, 2636bacterial community

specific microorganism detection, 703bromacil degradation, 2203C. necator

response to nutrients, 2161carbofuran metabolism, 2129denitrification, 2711DNA recovery, 2908E. coli transduction, 1731enumeration of rhizobia, 1494enumeration of TnS mutant bacteria, 446geothermally heated soils

thermophilic heterotrophs, 622hexachlorocyclohexane

biodegradation, 143

kelthane degradationP. aeruginosa BS827, 1587

leachable toxic pollutantsimmobilization, 1719

neutrophilic Nitrobacter strain, 1536nutrient additions

R. leguminosarum growth, 257R. meliloti growth, 257

rhizobiaecological indicators, 1112

Streptomyces plasmid transfer, 1334stressed communities

plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192survival of Rif' bacteria, 2432

Soil columnspoliovirus retention, 118

Soil microorganismsethylene effect on peas, 2728

Soil-water systemspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-

poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188

SolventsC. acetobutylicum

butanol formation, 1662C. acetobutylicum synthesis, 2717C. beijerinckii

solvent-forming enzymes, 642C. butylicum

solvent-forming enzymes, 642Soybean

B. japonicum nodulation, 1996Bradyrhizobium spp. association, 94phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387

Spartina alternifloraanaerobic phototrophic bacteria, 1360methanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031

Sphaerotilus natansdetection in activated sludge, 799

Spheroplastslactobacilli

formation and regeneration, 1615R. albus gene transfer, 2300

Spodoptera littoralis Bdv.Bacillus insecticidal crystals, 2689

SporesB. cereus

germination, 2179B. subtilisUV light resistance, 1275

B. thuringiensisC. necator response, 2161

Bacillus sp.hausmannite formation, 2140manganese oxidation, 2140

bacterial sporesnuclear magnetic resonance spectros-

copy, 923C. botulinum type A

germination in acidified medium, 1446C. perfringens

activation, 2042growth in cooked chili, 1104

heat shock effects, 2515variability in measurement, 1430

Spray irrigationaerosols and wastewater

animal viruses, coliphages, and bacte-ria, 409

SqualeneArthrobacter sp. strain Y- 11

oxidative pathway, 381

Staining proceduresDAPI and antibodies, 2949groundwater bacteria

enumeration, 1630Staphylococcal enterotoxin A

purification, 1761Staphylococcus aureus

bacteriophage stabilities, 2590enterotoxigenic strains

detection, 531enterotoxin detection, 2345outermost-cell-surface changes, 2486poultry processing plant contamination

plasmid profiles as indicators, 1541Staphylococcus spp.

sheep milk staphylococcienterotoxin production, 566

Starchfermentation, 2447Saccharomyces spp.

utilization, 966substrate for B. vulgatus, 1911

Starved bacteriaglyphosate uptake, 1886model rock system plugging, 1365N. cryotolerans survival, 2890sandstone core plugging, 1373

Steelcorrosion by D. desulfuricans, 386

Stereologybacterial size measurement, 105

Sterilizationphotosemiconductor powders, 1330

Steroid-desulfating bacteriaisolation and identification, 2112

StirringC. thermocellum

fermentation product effects, 1216Storage

,-galactosidase activityinfluence of temperature, 898

Strain improvementintergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249R. albus gene transfer, 2300R. graminis

L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyaseproduction, 996

Streptococcus cremorisbacteriophage resistance, 2808cell wall properties, 2808dipeptidase

purification and characterization, 43DNA transfer

effect of plasmid incompatibility, 865fermentation condition effects, 2527proteinase gene

deletion analysis, 239nucleotide sequence, 231

temperate bacteriophage genomecircular permutation, 1039

Streptococcus lactisa-acetolactate decarboxylase gene

expression in E. coli, 1889nisin resistance determinant, 2136plasmid transfer, 1309proteinase antibodies, 2250replication origin, 2136

Streptococcus mitisadhesion to solid substrata, 837

Streptococcus zooepidemicuspathogenicity in mice, 1744

Streptomyces badiuskraft lignin degradation, 3064

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxvii

Streptomyces incarnatussinefungin biosynthesis regulation, 1109

Streptomyces lividansendoglucanase gene cloning, 2521

Streptomyces spp.conjugative plasmid transfer, 1334nonconjugative plasmid mobilization,

1334Streptomyces viridosporus

extracellular esterase activity, 2237kraft lignin degradation, 3064ligninase, 3057

StressC. acetobutylicum, 1989E. coli colony formation, 3147soil communities

plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

P. invadens invasion, 1848Sublethal injury

lake water, 2859Sub-parts-per-billion method

nitrate measurement, 1409Substituted phenols

oxidation by Pseudomonas spp., 1399Substrate removal rates

prediction, 434Substrate uptake

microbial decompositionaquatic environments, 784

Substratesconsumption by a Methanosarcina sp.,

2976hydroaromatic substrates

R. japonicum, 1624mucopolysaccharides

B. thetaiotaomicron growth, 1970polyester formation, 2924removal by microbial assemblages, 2054starch

B. vulgatus, 1911Subsurface microbial communities

adaptation responseeffect of nutrients, 212

aerobic biodegradationeffect of nutrients, 212

plasmid incidence, 2916Subtraction hybridizationR. loti DNA isolation, 2852

SuccinateLactobacillus strains, 3053

Sufu pehtzeA. taiwanensis

growth and enzyme production, 688Sugar

B. fibrisolvensextracellular polysaccharide

composition, 878Suicide vectors

engineered microorganisms, 2472Sulfate-reducing bacteriaD. desulfuricans

carbon steel corrosion, 386D. vulgaris

plating efficiency, 2318effect of mucin, 2750S. alterniflora roots, 2031salt marsh sediments, 2031

Sulfidogenic bacteriabutyrate metabolism, 1354dehalogenating strain DCB-1, 2938, 2944

Sulfite oxidaseT. ferrooxidans

ferric ion utilization, 153Sulfur

n-alkyl tetrahydrothiophenesmicrobial degradation, 1243

T. ferrooxidansoxidation, 1694

Sulfur cycleanaerobic bacteria

34S/32S fractionation, 250SullaRhizobium spp.

nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262

Superoxide dismutaseL. monocytogenes

effect of heat injury, 581Surface recognitionhuman periodontal bacteria

intergeneric rosettes, 1046Survival

B. thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964

chlorinated waterbacteria, 649, 3023

E. coliaerosol dispersal, 1776

E. coli in estuaries, 2902P. aeruginosa

tropical waters, 2574P. fluorescens Rif, 2432P. putida Rif, 2432P. syringae

environmental release trial, 1557R. melilotigrowth upon cheese whey, 183

salmonellae in estuaries, 2902starved N. cryotolerans, 2890viruses in mineral water, 2705

Suspended communitiessubstrate removal rate prediction, 434

Suspension cultivationT. pallidum subsp. pallidum, 2862

Swinefeed refusalEurotium spp. and echinulin, 830

Salmonella spp.virulence factors and R plasmids, 760

Y. pseudotuberculosis isolatesvirulence, 818

Sym plasmidRhizobium spp., 1280

SymbiosisR. fredii HH303 mutants, 423

Symbiotic effectivenessR. phaseoli

effect of nif reiterations, 848Synechococcus spp.

genetic relatedness, 3071Syntrophic cocultures

benzoate degradation, 1871Syntrophomonas wolfei

phospholipid fatty acid composition,1570

Syringolsdechlorination, 683

SyringomycinP. syringae pv. syringae

plant pathogenesis, 1345

T-2 toxinF. sporotrichioides, 2759inhibition of production, 540

metabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277monoclonal antibodies, 2959

Tall fescueendophyte isolation, 2615

Tangential flow filtrationwaterborne viruses of fish, 1606

Tap waterL. pneumophila growth, 2677

TaxonomyA. denitrificans, 984Rhizobium spp.

numerical analysis, 1825TemperatureA. taiwanensis

effect, 688F. velutipes fruiting, 2460P-galactosidase activity

influence, 898lignin peroxidase production, 3194M. jannaschii, 3039M. thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258

marine phagotrophic protozoarates of digestion of bacteria, 1091

milkaflatoxin M,, 1622

N. fischerifumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504

P. invadens growth, 1848viruses

stability in sludges, 839TerritremsA. terreus

biosynthesis, 585tet

cloning and characterization, 12302,5,2',5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl

effects on S. capricornutum, 1394Tetrachloroethylene

dechlorination, 2976Tetrachloromethane

transformation, 2819Tetracycline resistance

B. ruminicolaplasmid-associated transfer, 855

Tetracycline resistance determinantcloning and characterization, 1230

Tetronasineffect on ruminal microorganisms, 544effects on acidosis, 2981

Thermal reactor effluentadaptation of phytoplankton-degrading

communities, 1481Thermal resistance

L. monocytogenescatalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581

L. monocytogenes inactivation, 364Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus

alcohol dehydrogenasespurification and properties, 460

Thermomonospora curvatagrowth on cellulose

endoglucanase patterns, 588Thermomonospora fuscaendoglucanase gene cloning, 2521

ThermophilesC. thermocellum JW20

characterization, 204geothermally heated soils

enumeration, 622recovery from compost, 3107

VOL. 54, 1988

xxviii SUBJECT INDEX

syntrophic acetate oxidizerisolation and characterization, 124

T. ethanolicusalcohol dehydrogenases, 460

T. ruberhot spring strains, 2049

Thermus spp.DNA:DNA homology, 2049potassium tellurite resistance, 610

Thermus aquaticusDNA:DNA homology with T. ruber,

2049Thermus ruberDNA:DNA homology with T.

aquaticus, 2049hot spring strains, 2049

Thermus spp.potassium tellurite resistance, 610

ThianthreneP. chrysosporium

oxidation, 1858Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

electron acceptor, 153elemental sulfur oxidation, 1694Fe2+ oxidation kinetics, 3092ferrous iron oxidation, 1694ferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101growth on sulfur-basal salts, 150iron-oxidizing system, 150jarosite formation, 3101sulfite oxidase, 153

Thiobacillus spp.rhodanese assay, 2866

ThiolaseC. acetobutylicum, 2717

Thiolsproduction in sediments, 2208

Thiophenolsmethylation by cell extracts, 524

Thiosphaera pantotrophanitrification-denitrification, 2812

Thymidineincorporation into DNA, 1868

[3H]Thymidinebacterial production estimation, 1934bacterial secondary productivity, 2018incorporation by bacterioplankton, 331,

2213incorporation in marine bacteria, 3165

Tip culture methodA. parasiticus isolation, 2096

Titanium oxidecontinuous-sterilization system, 1330

Tn5P. putida gene cloning, 3169P. syringae pv. syringae mutants

plant pathogenesis, 1345Tn919

tetracycline resistance determinantcloning and characteristics, 1230

TNTC countsaveraging, 2069

Tobacco hornwormisolation of S. plymuthica, 1855

tod operongenetic organization in P. putida Fl,

1498Toluene

degradation by P. putida Fl, 1498Toluene dioxygenase

P. putida Fltrichloroethylene degradation, 1703

TomatoesA. tumefaciens colonization, 3133

Toolik Lakemicrobial Mn(II) oxidation, 1440

Toxic wasteleachable component immobilization,

1719Toxins

B. sphaericus, 2320B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis

structural relatedness, 277killer toxins of yeast

effects on eucaryotes, 1068N. spumigena peptide, 2257T-2 toxin

inhibition of production, 540V. cholerae non-Ol, 3180

Trametes versicolornitrogen starvation

cloning of induced genes, 1550Transduction

E. coli, 1731Transfection

L. bulgaricus protoplasts, 3014L. plantarum protoplasts, 2599

TransformationA. oryzae NRRL 492, 1610B. stearothermophilus, 3162C. perfringens, 2322C. perfringens L forms, 264lactic streptococci, 655Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416M. bovis identification, 1304S. ruminantium

temperate bacteriophage, 1575Saccharomyces spp.

starch utilization, 966Transition metal oxides

anaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009Transposon mutagenesis

R. fredii HH303, 423Transposons

B. japonicum mutantshydrogen nonutilization, 358

Tn919tetracycline resistance determinant,

1230Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidumsuspension cultivation, 2862

Trichloroethylenebiodegradation

methane-oxidizing bacterium, 951degradation, 1703, 1709microbial metabolism, 604

Trichothecenes3-acetyldeoxynivalenol

effects of metals on production, 1063diacetoxyscirpenol

production by F. sambucinum, 2167metabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277monoclonal antibodies, 2959roridin Aenzyme immunoassay, 225monoclonal antibodies, 2328

T-2 toxinassay, 1302F. sporotrichioides, 2759

TrichothecinF. graminearum MRC 1125, 1700

Tropical rain forestsfecal coliforms, 513

Tropical soilsrhizobia

ecological indicators, 1112Tropical waters

E. colipheno- and genotypic comparison, 979

Legionella spp., 2331P. aeruginosa survival, 2574

Tropoloneproduction by "P. plantarii"

effect of iron limitation, 844

Unsaturated fatty acidsE. coli nutrient depletion, 2107

Ursodeoxycholic acidF. equiseti M41 conversion, 670

UV radiationB. subtilis spores

resistance, 1275Leptospira sensitivity, 728

Veillonella spp.coaggregation properties, 1957

Velvet cutwormgut bacterial flora, 1896

Veratryl alcoholP. chrysosporium

influence on ligninase, 466Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

establishment on a beach, 348inoculum production, 353interaction with erosion, 945

ViabilityM. thermolithotrophicus

high pressure, 1258Vibrio anguillarum

properties of strains, 2264Vibrio choleraenon-Ol R plasmids, 2771non-O1 toxin profiles, 3180seroepidemiology, 1673survival in coral reefs, I

Vibrio hollisaehemolysin production, 2144isolation from fish, 2144

Vibrio parahaemolyticusenumeration, 617

Virulence factorsnon-Ol V. cholerae, 2771Salmonella spp.

comparison, 760Y. tuberculosis, 818

Virusesadsorption to solids, 2650aerosols, 409Chlorella-like strain, 2170coliphage

drinking water, 1632concentration from water, 1325Finnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371fish

molecular filtration, 1606influenza virus

pathogenicity in mice, 1744low-temperature stability in sludges, 839recovery, 1983recovery from sludge solids

organic flocculation, 309sewage waters, 371wastewater, 409

VitaminsL-ascorbate production, 1770nicotinamide production, 1766

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxix

VolatilizationHgCl,, 2871mercury in acidic lakes, 2003

WastewaterFinnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371phosphate removal, 2894recovery of viruses, 309spray irrigation site

animal viruses, coliphages, and bacte-ria, 409

viruses, 371WaterA. hydrophila recovery, 2786L. pneumophila growth, 2677Mycobacterium spp., 3122nontuberculous mycobacteria

isolation from water supplies, 1756pathogenic virus recovery, 1983pristine tropical waters

E. coli comparison, 979trichloroethylene degradation, 1703, 1709virus concentration

microporous filters, 1325viruses of fish

molecular filtration, 1606xenobiotic aromatic pollutants

degradation, 1864Water activityN. fischeri

fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504

Waterflood injection wellsmicrobial biomass and activity, 1383

Wheat branferulic acid esterase

S. commiune, 1170Whey

R. melilotieffect on survivability, 183

White rot fungicrystal violet biodegradation, 1143delignification

models of decay, 62pentachlorophenol degradation, 2885pine wood degradation, 2608

Wooddelignification by porphyrins, 62lignin peroxidase penetration, 2608

Wortmanninisolation and purification, 1268

Xantlhoionas campestri.s pv. translicenshost range mutants, 884

Xenobiotic compoundsbenzo[a]pyrene

biodegradation, 1724carbofuran

bacterial metabolism, 1414degradation in humic water, 1864kelthane

degradation by P. aeruginosa, 1587leachable component immobilization,

1719polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

mineralization, 1612, 1724Xenorhabdus luiminescens

anthraquinone pigment, 1602extracellular protease, 2793hydroxystilbene antibiotic. 1602

XylanB. fibrisolens

degradation, 1085Xylanase

B. polvmyxa geneexpression in E. coli, 1023

Xylitol-5-phosphateL. c asei Cl-16

preparation and purification, 570Xylitol dehydrogenase

P. stipitisinduction, 50

P. tannophiliusinduction, 50

Xylose reductaseP. stipitis

induction, 50P. tannophlilus

induction, 50

Yeast killer toxinsP. anomala

anti-C. albicans activity, 1079Yeasts

amylolytic strains, 2447benzoic acid effect, 2091C and N assimilation, 3185ethanol-tolerant hybrids

selection, 917hydrogen peroxide metabolism, 2086influence of Ca'+, 2439killer toxin

effects on eucaryotes, 1068membrane-active agents, 3126

YenIY. enterocolitica serotype 08widespread occurrence, 577

Yersinia enterocoliticaisolation from pork, 851serotype 08

occurrence of YenI, 577Yersinia pseudotluberculosis

isolates from pork and swinevirulence, 818

Yersinia ruckeriplasmid analysis, 2594

Zea tnays L.Fu.sariiim spp. and mycotoxins, 1930indole metabolism, 2833

ox-trans-ZearalenolF. crookwiellense, 2147

,3-trans-ZearalenolF. crookiiellense, 2147

ZearalenoneF. crookwiellense, 2147

ZincA. v'inelandii

siderophore production, 2625Klebsiella sp.

toxicity, 1689Zooplankton

grazer filtration rates, 2149Zvynomonas mobilis

ethanologenic enzymesexpression in E. coli, 397

VOL . 54, 1988