1.Professional Development Short Course On: Applied Physical Oceanography Instructor:Dr. Juan I. Arvelo ATI Course Schedule: http://www.ATIcourses.com/schedule.htm http://aticourses.com/applied_oceanography_modeling.htm Applied Physical Oceanography and Acoustics:

2. ee at at lic liaom lic uper.c up at Des D IMotrs otNom AT ou NoIc o D .c AT l Dl ia www.ATIcourses.comes telerrs a ia w. aic at om er w ri ou pl Mw ate .c at Ic uTID es MM Boost Your Skills A otrs TI 349 Berkshire DriveI ATw. Nou Ate Riva, Maryland 21140ATwith On-Site Courses w Do Ic te .c ca Telephone 1-888-501-2100 / (410) 965-8805te omes li cal om a rs up Tailored to Your Needs Fax (410) 956-5785w.c lic iaw. li ou D Email: ATI@ATIcourses.com w uperes up AT Ic ot atw D rs D AT NM The Applied Technology Institute specializes in training programs for technical professionals. Our courses keep youotou ot o current in the state-of-the-art technology that is essential to keep your company on the cutting edge in todays highlyN I Ic N w. DAT competitive marketplace. Since 1984, ATI has earned the trust of training departments nationwide, and has presented o AT Dol D on-site training at the major Navy, Air Force and NASA centers, and for a large number of contractors. Our training ia l increases effectiveness and productivity. Learn from the proven best. w. erw ial ia w aterw er For a Free On-Site Quote Visit Us At: http://www.ATIcourses.com/free_onsite_quote.asp IM at atIMATIM For Our Current Public Course Schedule Go To: http://www.ATIcourses.com/schedule.htmw AT AT 3. Applied Physical Oceanography and Acoustics:Controlling Physics, Observations, Models and Naval ApplicationsNEW! Course Outline May 18-20, 2010 1. Importance ofOceanography.Review oceanography's history, naval applications, and impact on Beltsville, Marylandclimate. 2. Physics of The Ocean. Develop physical$1590 (8:30am - 4:00pm)understanding of the Navier-Stokes equations and their application for understanding and measuring the ocean."Register 3 or More & Receive $10000 each3. Energetics Of The Ocean and Climate Change. The Off The Course Tuition."source of all energy is the sun. We trace the incoming energy through the atmosphere and ocean and discuss its effect on Summary the climate. This three-day course is designed for engineers,4. Wind patterns, El Nio and La Nia. The major windphysicists, acousticians, climate scientists, and managers patterns of earth define not only the vegetation on land, butwho wish to enhance their understanding of this discipline drive the major currents of the ocean. Perturbations to theiror become familiar with how the ocean environment cannormal circulation, such as an El Nio event, can have globalaffect their individual applications. Examples of remote impacts.sensing of the ocean, in situ ocean observing systems and5. Satellite Observations, Altimetry, Earth's Geoid andactual examples from recent oceanographic cruises areOcean Modeling. The role of satellite observations aregiven. discussed with a special emphasis on altimetric measurements. 6. Inertial Currents, Ekman Transport, WesternInstructorsBoundaries. Observed ocean dynamics are explained.Dr. David L. Porter is a Principal Senior OceanographerAnalytical solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations areat the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physicsdiscussed.Laboratory (JHUAPL). Dr. Porter has been at JHUAPL for 7. Ocean Currents, Modeling and Observation.twenty-two years and before that he was an Observations of the major ocean currents are compared to model results of those currents. The ocean models are drivenoceanographer for ten years at the National Oceanic and by satellite altimetric observations.Atmospheric Administration. Dr. Porter's specialties areoceanographic remote sensing using space borne 8. Mixing, Salt Fingers, Ocean Tracers and Langmuir Circulation. Small scale processes in the ocean have a largealtimeters and in situ observations. He has authored effect on the ocean's structure and the dispersal of importantscores of publications in the field of ocean remotechemicals, such as CO2.sensing, tidal observations, and internal waves as well as 9. Wind Generated Waves, Ocean Swell and Theira book on oceanography. Dr. Porter holds a BS in Prediction. Ocean waves, their physics and analysis byphysics from University of MD, a MS in physicaldirectional wave spectra are discussed along with presentoceanography from MIT and a PhD in geophysical fluid modeling of the global wave field employing Wave Watch III.dynamics from the Catholic University of America.10. Tsunami Waves. The generation and propagation ofDr. Juan I. Arvelo is a Principal Senior Acoustician attsunami waves are discussed with a description of the presentJHUAPL. He earned a PhD degree in physics from the monitoring system.Catholic University of America. He served nine years at11. Internal Waves and Synthetic Aperture Radarthe Naval Surface Warfare Center and five years at Alliant (SAR) Sensing of Internal Waves. The density stratificationTechsystems, Inc. He has 27 years of theoretical and in the ocean allows the generation of internal waves. Thepractical experience in government, industry, andphysics of the waves and their manifestation at the surface byacademic institutions on acoustic sensor design and sonarSAR is discussed.performance evaluation, experimental design and12. Tides, Observations, Predictions and Qualityconduct, acoustic signal processing, data analysis and Control. Tidal observations play a critical role in commerceinterpretation. Dr. Arvelo is an active member of theand warfare. The history of tidal observations, their role in commerce, the physics of tides and their prediction areAcoustical Society of America (ASA) where he holds discussed.various positions including associate editor of the 13. Bays, Estuaries and Inland Seas. The inland watersProceedings On Meetings in Acoustics (POMA) and of the continents present dynamics that are controlled not onlytechnical chair of the 159th joint ASA/INCE conference inby the physics of the flow, but also by the bathymetry and theBaltimore. shape of the coastlines. 14. The Future of Oceanography. Applications to globalWhat You Will Learnclimate assessment, new technologies and modeling are The physical structure of the ocean and its majordiscussed.currents.15. Underwater Acoustics. Review of ocean effects on The controlling physics of waves, including internal sound propagation & scattering.waves. 16. Naval Applications. Description of the latest sensor, transducer, array and sonar technologies for applications from How space borne altimeters work and theirtarget detection, localization and classification to acousticcontribution to ocean modeling.communications and environmental surveys. How ocean parameters influence acoustics.17. Models and Databases. Description of key worldwide Models and databases for predicting sonarenvironmental databases, sound propagation models, andperformance. sonar simulation tools.4 Vol. 102 Register online at www.ATIcourses.com or call ATI at 888.501.2100 or 410.956.8805 4. Objectives One-Day Crash Course Coverage Of State-of- the-Art In Underwater Acoustics & Sonar Systems Illustrations, Animations & Audiovisuals Heavily Used To Help Visualize Concepts Furnish Literature Books, Technical Reports & Research Journals For In-Depth References Hyperlinks To Internet Resources (e.g., Websites & Podcasts) For Up-To-Date Information 5. Sound Absorption Absorption vs. Attenuation (Careful!)Jensen, et. al., Jensen, et. al., Words Often Used Interchangeably Computational ComputationalOcean Acoustics Absorption Is One Attenuation Component Ocean Acoustics Absorption Is Energy Lost To Heat Attenuation In Architectural Acoustics Defined As Sum Of Energy Lost To Heat & Transmission Attenuation In Underwater Sound Propagation Defined As Sum Of Energy Lost To Heat & Scattering Units Often Used For Sound Propagation = dB/nepers = m / 8.686m20 log e = 8.686 m = dB/m = / Transmittedm k = dB/km = 1000 m 2 c 2 t km ff = dB/kHz-m = 8.686 / f(kHz) 1 c1 Scattered = dB/ = 8.686 E inc E refl E tran E scat E abs r iIncidentReflected 6. Sound Diffraction Described by Van Huygens Principle Of Elementary Waves Interface Points Reached By Sound Wave Act As SecondarySources Appears As Waves Bending Around Corners Ray-Theory Cant Account For Diffraction Gaussian Ray-Bundle Formulation Combines Rays & Waves ToAccount For Diffraction At Higher Frequencies http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/acoustics/essay1/beugung_en.html 7. Sound & Waves JAVA Applets Oscillations and Waves Ripple Tank (2-D Waves) Applet Ripple Tank (2-D Waves) Applet Ripple tank simulation that demonstrates wave motion, interference, diffraction, refraction, Doppler effect, etc. Ripple tank simulation that demonstrates wave motion, interference, diffraction, refraction, Doppler effect, etc. 2-D Waves Applet 2-D Waves Applet Demonstration of wave motion in 2-D. Demonstration of wave motion in 2-D. 3-D Waves Applet 3-D Waves Applet Demonstration of wave motion in 3-D. Demonstration of wave motion in 3-D. Coupled Oscillations Applet Coupled Oscillations Applet Demonstration of longitudinal wave motion in oscillators connected by springs. Demonstration of longitudinal wave motion in oscillators connected by springs. Dispersion Applet Dispersion Applet Dispersion and group velocity. Dispersion and group velocity. Acoustics Loaded String Applet Loaded String Applet Simulation of wave motion of a string. Simulation of wave motion of a string. Rectangular Membrane Waves Applet Rectangular Membrane Waves Applet Vibrational modes in a 2-d membrane. Vibrational modes in a 2-d membrane. Circular Membrane Waves Applet Circular Membrane Waves Applet Vibrational modes in a 2-d circular membrane (drum head). Vibrational modes in a 2-d circular membrane (drum head). Bar Waves Applet Bar Waves Applet Bending waves in a bar. Bending waves in a bar. Vowels Applet Vowels Applet The acoustics of speech. The acoustics of speech. Box Modes Applet Box Modes Applet Acoustic standing waves in a 3-d box. Acoustic standing waves in a 3-d box. Acoustic Interference Applet Acoustic Interference Applet Generates audio interference between your speakers. Generates audio interference between your speakers. 8. Sound Speed Profile MeasurementXBT = Expendable BathythermographXCTD = Expendable Conductivity/Temperature and Depthhttp://www.aoml.noaa.gov/goos/uot/xbt-what-is.php 9. Ocean Waveguide May Be Divided IntoContinental Shelf, Slope, & BasinDeep SeaContinental Shelf (Blue Waters) Continental Slope (Brown Waters) Dw< 200 mSoundVelocityProfile 10. Sound Refraction Due To Variable Speed Sound Speed Variability Causes Refraction Depth Excess Required To Form Convergence Zones Shadow Zones Are Filled With Interface-Reflected Energy Depth Excess 11. Monthly Variability In Brown Waters Sound Speed Proportional To Temperature February AugustFebruary August 12. Transmission Loss Of Whale VocalizationNorth Pacific Blue Whale 13. Gaussian Canyon: Nx2D vs. 3D PE TL Along CanyonF = 25 Hz, Ds = 30 m, Dr = 35 m,cb = 1700 m/s, = 1.5 gm/cc, = 0.1dB/ Arvelo & Rosenberg, JCA 9:17, 2001 14. Active Sonar Detection Range Estimation Once Acceptable Detection Values For Pd &Pfa Range Are Determined, Associated RD Is Used With Computed SNR To Infer Max.RD Detection Range SE = SNR RD > 0 SNR > RD 15. Figure-Of-Merit (FOM) Parameter Used To Estimate Detection Range From TL CurvesDetection Detection More Useful For Passive ThanRangeRange Active Sonars Due To Range-Cylindrical Dependence Of InterferenceFOM Passive FOM SE = FOM TL > 0 FOM = SL-NL+AG+PG-RDFOM TL < FOM Active FOM SE = FOM (TL1+TL2) > 01 2Spherical FOM=SL-(NL+RL)+TS+AG+PG-RD FOM > TL1 + TL21 2http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/navy/docs/fun/part08.htm 16. Sonar Effects On Humans & MarineMammals Must Also Be AssessedCareful With The Units! Dont Compare Apples & Oranges!Marine Injury Criteria Behavioral Response Medium MammalsPeak Pressure24-hr DosagePeak Pressure 24-hr Dosage Cetaceans Water230 dB//1uPa 198 dB//1uPa2-s 224 dB//1uPa 183 dB//1uPa2-s Pinnipeds Water218 dB//1uPa 186 dB//1uPa2-s 212 dB//1uPa 171 dB//1uPa2-s PinnipedsAir 149 dB//20uPa 144 dB//20uPa2-s 109 dB//20uPa 100 dB//20uPa2-s Southall, et. al., Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Initial Southall, et. al., Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: InitialScientific Recommendations, Aquatic Mammals, 33(4), 2007Scientific Recommendations, Aquatic Mammals, 33(4), 2007 Human Exposure Is Broadband A-Weighted (Ear Response) Sound Level (dBA) Duration Per Day (hrs) OSHA NIOSH 1685 890 692 495 88 397 21001.5 102 1105940.5 11097 0.25 115100 0.125120 17. Oceanographic & Atmospheric MasterLibrary (OAML) Propagation Models ASTRAL 5.1 Range-Dependent Range-Averaged TL 20 Hz 4 kHzOAML POCOAML POC Colossus II 1.1Walter Moskal Walter Moskal (228) 688-5160(228) 688-5160 Range-Independent & Semi-Empirical moskalw@navo.navy.milmoskalw@navo.navy.mil Shallow Waters ( 10 kHz) VSS 6.3 Volume Scattering Strength 19. OAML Noise Models & Databases Models ANDES Ambient Noise Directional Estimation System Used Only To Generate Static Shipping Noise (SN) DANM 1.1 Dynamic Ambient Noise Model Plans To Use For Shipping Noise Database Upgrade Incorporated HITS Vessel Motion Simulation (HVMS) Databases Shipping Noise (SN) 5.4 Generated With ANDES Historical Temporal Shipping (HITS) 4.1 Yields Shipping Density For Fishing Boats, Merchant Ships,Tankers, Large Tankers & Supertankers Wind & Residual Noise (WRN) 3.0 Surface Marine Gridded Climatology (SMGC) 2.0 20. OAML & Other Sonar Models OAML Sonar ModelsOAML POCOAML POC ASPM 6.1.2 Walter Moskal Walter Moskal (228) 688-5160(228) 688-5160 Acoustic System Performance Model moskalw@navo.navy.milmoskalw@navo.navy.mil CASS 4.1 Comprehensive Acoustic Simulation System Gaussian Ray Bundle (GRAB) Propagation Model Other Sonar Models NSWC (PC-IMAT, PC-SWAT, ) NRL (BiRASP, BiKr, ) APLUW (SST) JHUAPL (APL-Sonar, HFPSM, HFASM, ARAMIS, ) Adaptive Methods (GAMUT) 21. Sonar Performance Prediction Model ForMobile Devices In Process SignalScope SoundMeterSignalSuite http://www.faberacoustical.com/products/iphone/ 22. You have enjoyed ATI's preview of Applied Physical Oceanography and AcousticsPlease post your comments and questions to our blog: http://www.aticourses.com/wordpress-2.7/weblog1/ Sign-up for ATI's monthly Course Schedule Updates : http://www.aticourses.com/email_signup_page.html