Apply Its_Middle School Physical Science - Mastery Assess It_11

10/20/2016 Apply Its_Middle School Physical Science Mastery Assess It_11

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Mastery Assess It 11

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1. Which change would increase the magnetic force between these magnets?

a. placing a sheet of steel between the magnets

b. placing a piece of glass between the magnets

c. moving the magnets closer together

d. moving the magnets farther apart

© Copyright 2016. Lincoln Learning Solutions. All rights reserved Author: Lincoln Learning Solutions



2. A student wants to study the magnetic forces between three magnets. The student sets up an experiment by hanging three magnets next to eachother. Which position will the magnets MOST likely take once the student places the magnets on the strings?

a.

b.

c.

d.

3. During a thunderstorm, Charles watched flashes of lightning through his window. Which process BEST describes the cause of the lightning?

a. charged particles moving between positively and negatively charged parts of clouds

b. heat energy jumping between warmer clouds and colder clouds

c. radioactive atoms in the atmosphere exploding between clouds

d. chemicals from different clouds combining to release energy

4. What is the best explanation of the composition of an electromagnetic force?

a. Repulsion of charged particles Magnetism does involve repulsion, but is that all it involves?b. Attraction of charged particles

Magnetism does involve attraction, but is that all it involves?c. Attraction or repulsion of charged particles

Correct! Magnetism involves attraction and repulsion of charged particles.d. None of the listed answers are correct.

At least one of the answers listed is correct.

5. Protons have a __________________________ charge.

a. postive You are correct! Protons have a positive charge!b. neutral

Great effort, but neutrons have a neutral charge. c. negative

Great effort, but electrons have a negative charge.



6. Which of the following is not true about magnetism?

a. Magnetism is one of the most powerful forces in the universe. Great effort, but this statement about magnets is true. b. A magnet can only be made of iron.

Good job! Magnets can be made of nickel, cobalt, and some other rare earth metals as well. c. A magnet has a north and south pole.

Great effort, but this statement about magnets is true. d. All of the statements are true.

Great effort, but one of the above statements about magnets is not true.

7. Roberto is sliding down a plastic slide on the playground. After he reaches the ground, he feels a small electric shock when he touches a piece ofmetal. What has been built up on his body that causes the shock?

a. atoms

b. neutrons

c. electrons

d. protons

8. Would increasing the number of batteries in a circuit that is connected to a small electric motor affect the speed of the motor, if all other variablesare kept constant?

a. Yes, the motor would run faster because increased current causes the motor to become warmer.

b. No, the speed of a motor is controlled only by the number of wire coils in the motor.

c. No, because it is the magnetic force, not the electric force, that controls the motor speed.

d. Yes, the motor would run faster because the increased electrical force increases the magnetic force in the motor.

9. What is the correct term for the center of an atom?

a. Electron Electrons orbit the atom.b. Neutron

A neutron is in the center of an atom, but the center of the atom has another name.c. Proton

A proton is in the center of an atom, but the center of the atom has another name.d. Nucleus

Correct! The center of an atom is known as the nucleus.



10. Marty rubbed a balloon on his shirt. The balloon was then able to stick to the wall of the room. Which picture BEST represents the charges of theparticles on the balloon and the wall that cause the balloon to be attracted to the wall?

a.

b.

c.

d.

11. Electromagnets are found in all of the following except:

a. Car motors Car motors contain magnets. Which option does not have a magnet?b. Speakers

Speakers contain magnets. Which option does not have a magnet?c. Bar of soap

Correct! A bar of soap has no magnets.d. Doorbells

Doorbells contain magnets. Which option does not have a magnet?



12. An electromagnet can be built by looping an insulated copper wire around an iron nail and attaching the end of the wire to a battery. What aretwo ways to increase the strength of the magnetic field around the electromagnet?

Rubric:Max Score Description

Max Score Description

2: 2point response: The response includes both of the following points: •Add additional coils of wire around the nail. •Add anotherbattery to the circuit. 1point response: Response includes only one of the points of a two point response. 0point response: Theresponse shows no understanding of the task/problem.

Total: 2

13. From the choices below, select all that are tru:

a. South Poles will attract North Poles. North poles and south poles have opposite charges. Therefore, they will attract each other, and this statement is correct. b. South Poles will repel South Poles.

Poles with the same charge will repel each other, and this statement is correct. c. North Poles will attract South Poles.

North poles and south poles have opposite charges. Therefore, they will attract each other, and this statement is correct. d. North Poles will not repel North Poles.

This statement is incorrect. North poles will repel each other, because they have the same charge as other north poles.

14. Which of the following is NOT true of electromagnets?

a. South poles will repel south poles. Great effort, but this is true of electromagnets. b. South poles will attract north poles

Great effort, but this is true of electromagnets. c. North poles will attract north poles.

You are correct! North poles repel other north poles!d. North poles will attract south poles.

Great effort, but this is true of electromagnets.



15. Tom recorded the following information about two magnets:

• When magnet 1 was held above a collection of paper clips, 8 paper clips jumped to the magnet.• When magnet 2 was held above the same collection of paper clips, 14 paper clips jumped to the magnet.

Tom concluded that magnet 2 has a stronger magnetic field than magnet 1. What question about the experiment would need to be answered inorder to determine whether Tom’s conclusion is supported by the observations?



2: 2point response: Response asks, “Were the two magnets held the same distance above the paper clips?” or similar wording. 1pointresponse: The response asks about shape or composition of the magnet, or other feature that could affect the magnet but is notsufficient to compare strength of the magnetic field. 0point response: The response shows no understanding of the task/problem.

Total: 2

16. Most atoms contain a different number of electrons and protons.

a. True Great effort, but the statement is false. Most atoms contain the same number of protons and electrons. b. False

You are correct! The statement is false! Most atoms contain the same number of protons and electrons!

17. When Mandy took clothes out of a dryer, she observed that a sock was clinging to a shirt. Which situation could cause the sock to be attracted tothe shirt?

a. Both the sock and shirt have small negative charges.

b. The sock has a small positive charge but the shirt has a small negative charge.

c. Both the sock and shirt have large positive charges.

d. The sock has a small positive charge while the shirt has a large positive charge.

18. An electric motor changes electric energy into what type of energy?

a. Kinetic Correct! Motors turn electrical energy into moving energy, or physical energy.b. Potential

Motors use electricity to move parts of a machine. This is not an example of potential energy.c. Chemical

Motors use electricity to move parts of a machine. This is not an example of chemical energy.d. Thermal

Motors use electricity to move parts of a machine. This is not an example of thermal energy.

19. Read the following comparison statements and select all that are true:

a. Higher Voltage = Stronger Magnet Correct! More voltage usually means a stronger magnet. Are there other true statements?b. Lower Voltage = Weaker Magnet

Correct, lower voltage usually means a weaker magnet. Are there other true statements?c. Less coils = stronger magnet

Great effort, but fewer coils results in a weaker magnet compared to one with more coils.



20. Select all that make electromagnets unique:

a. The number or coils, layers of coils, and strength of the electric current can increase the power of the electromagnet. There are additional reasons aswell! You are correct! The number of coils, or layers, increases the power of the electromagnet!b. The electric current that flows through the coil creates a magnetic field that gives the magnet a north and south pole.

You are correct! The flow of electric current creates a magnetic field. There are additional reasons as well!c. An electromagnet is always composed of a coil, called a solenoid, wrapped around a core usually made of iron or another ferromagnetic material.

You are correct! An electromagnet is always composed of a coil! There are additional reasons as well!d. Electromagnets do not involve a flow of current that creates a magnetic field that gives the magnet a north and south pole.

Great effort, but electromagnets do indeed create a magnetic field.

21. Greg rubbed a balloon vigorously against his hair. Then he held the balloon out toward the wall. The picture shows what happened next.

Which BEST explains why rubbing the balloon against Greg’s hair made it stick to the wall?

a. The charges between the balloon and the wall were opposite.

b. The balloon and the wall were both positively charged.

c. Natural oils in his hair transferred to the balloon and gave it a sticky quality.

d. The gas that kept the balloon inflated made it float until it came in contact with a hard surface.

22. Anna notices that different types of clothing stick together when they are dried in an electric dryer. When the clothes are pulled apart, they makesparks and a crackling sound due to electric forces of attraction. How can Anna reduce the amount the clothing clings together in the dryer?

a. Change the charges on the clothes by running the dryer at a faster speed.

b. Add a substance to the wash that reduces the number of charges transferred.

c. Dry more clothes at the same time so that there is less room for electric forces.

d. Increase the temperature of the air in the dryer to weaken the electric forces.

23. Greta passed a comb through her hair several times. She then placed the comb next to a stream of water flowing from a faucet. Greta observedthe stream of water bend toward the comb.

How did passing a comb through her hair allow the comb to bend the stream of water?

a. by giving the comb an electrical charge

b. by increasing the thermal energy of the comb

c. by making the comb more absorbent

d. by breaking some of the chemical bonds in the comb



24. Bar 1 is made of glass and has been rubbed with silk. Bar 2 is made of rubber and has been rubbed with fur.

If the bars are held close to one another, why will the hanging bar move toward the held bar?

a. The bars have opposite charges.

b. Both bars have an increase in negativelycharged particles.

c. The bars have become neutral.

d. Both bars have an increase in positivelycharged particles.

25. Jenna has a cupboard with a door held shut by a magnet on the doorframe and a steel plate on the door. Jenna’s cat can open the door. How canJenna increase the strength of the magnetic force holding the door so that her cat CANNOT open it?

a. Add a second steel plate to the door so that both plates touch the magnet.

b. Reverse the direction of the magnet so that the opposite pole touches the plate.

c. Replace the steel plate with a copper plate so a stronger force forms.

d. Add a second magnet to the door frame so that both magnets touch the steel plate.

26. A teacher is performing a demonstration about static electricity for his class by rubbing a balloon against a wool sweater. The balloon sticks tothe wool sweater. Which particles are exchanged during the demonstration?

a. neutrons

b. atoms

c. electrons

d. protons

27. Students made an electromagnet by wrapping a copper wire around a steel rod and then attaching the ends of the wire to a battery. Usingdifferent configurations, they counted the number of paper clips that the electromagnet picked up. They obtained the data shown in the table.

Electromagnet ExperimentLength ofWire

Number ofCoils

Number ofBatteries

Number ofPaper Clips

20 cm 50 1 15

20 cm 100 1 29

40 cm 50 1 16

40 cm 100 1 31

Which conclusion is supported by the data?

a. The electric field produced is directly proportional to the length of the wire.

b. The magnetic field produced is inversely proportional to the length of the wire.

c. The electric field produced is inversely proportional to the number of coils.

d. The magnetic field produced is directly proportional to the number of coils.



28. An electric motor uses the forces caused by the interaction between an electric field and a magnetic field to change electrical energy into kineticenergy. As a current flows through coils of conductive wire, a magnetic field forms around the coil. Magnets placed around the coil attract andrepel the coil’s magnetic field, causing it to move. The coil is placed so that the field is alternately attracted and repelled as it turns. The turning ofthe coil produces kinetic energy that can be used.

A student is investigating ways to increase the amount of kinetic energy produced by a small electric motor. Write four questions that could beused to design experiments that might improve the motor.



4

: 4point response: The motor will be improved by changes to conductor, such as number of coil windings and current flow and bychanges in the magnetic field, such as the number, strength, and orientation of magnets. Changes to other aspects of the motor such asoverall size or material composition of parts of the motor are beyond the scope of the question. Sample questions below could beincluded in a 4point response: • How does increasing the electric current affect the performance of the motor?• How does increasingthe number of coils affect the performance of the motor?• How does increasing the number of magnets affect the performance of themotor? • How does changing the arrangement of the magnets affect the performance of the motor?• How does increasing the strengthof the magnets affect the performance of the motor? 3point response: Includes only three questions that are pertinent to theperformance of the motor. 2point response: Includes only two questions that are pertinent to the performance of the motor. 1pointresponse: Includes only one question that is pertinent to the performance of the motor. 0point response: The response shows nounderstanding of the task/problem.

Total: 4

29. A simple electric motor can be built by passing an alternating electric current through a conductive wire that is spinning in the field betweenopposite poles of two magnets. What are two ways to increase the speed of the motor?



2: 2point response: Response includes two of the following: increase the number of magnets; increase the strength of the magnets;increase the current flowing through the wire 1point response: Response includes one of the three options listed for a two pointresponse. 0point response: The response shows no understanding of the task/problem.

Total: 2



30. A student used an electromagnet consisting of a wire connected to one or more batteries that was coiled around a steel rod. The student measuredthe number of identical steel washers that the electromagnet could pick up and recorded the data on this table.

Number of Batteries Number of Wire Coils Number of Washers1 125 12

2 125 25

1 250 24

2 250 49

1 375 36

• How does doubling the number of batteries affect the strength of the magnetic field? • How does doubling the number of coils affect the strength of the magnetic field?• How does doubling the number of batteries affect the strength of the electric current in a section of the wire?• How does doubling the number of coils affect the strength of the electric current in a section of the wire?



4

: 4point response: •Doubling the number of batteries doubles the strength of the magnetic field. •Doubling the number of coilsdoubles the strength of the magnetic field. •Doubling the number of batteries doubles the strength of the electric current. •Doublingthe number of coils does not affect the strength of the electric current in a section of the wire. Note: The number of coils does notaffect the current. It increases the magnetic field by doubling the number of sections of wire involved in the electromagnet. 3pointresponse: Correctly answers three questions. 2point response: Correctly answers two questions. 1point response: Correctly answersone question. 0point response: The response shows no understanding of the task/problem.

Total: 4



31. Students are given the parts shown to make an electromagnet.

Identify two variables that the students can test to make their electromagnet pick up more paper clips.



22point response: The response includes both of the following components: • Number of batteries in a circuit • Length of wire coiledaround the nail 1point response: The response includes only one of the components of a 2point response. 0point response: Theresponse shows no understanding of the task/problem.

Total: 2

32. A ferromagnetic material needs to have what in order to make an electromagnet?

a. Unpaired nucleus at its atomic level Great effort, but the particles needed to make an electromagnetic are not at the nuclear level. b. Unpaired protons at its atomic level

Great effort, but protons are not directly involved in making an electromagnet.c. Unpaired neutrons at its atomic level

Great effort, but neutrons are not directly involved in making an electromagnet.

d. Unpaired electrons at its atomic level Correct! Magnetism involves electrons!

33. Which subatomic particle is not found in the nucleus of an atom?

a. protons Great effort, but protons are found in the nucleus. b. electrons

You are correct! Electrons can be found orbiting the nucleus of an atom. c. neutrons

Great effort, but neutrons are found in the nucleus.



34. Which is incorrectly described?

a. Protons = Positive charge Protons are positive. Electrons are negative. Neutrons have no charge/neutral charge.b. Protons = Negative Charge

Good job! This description is incorrect!c. Neutrons = Neutral charge

Protons are positive. Electrons are negative. Neutrons have no charge/neutral charge.d. Electrons = Negative Charge

Protons are positive. Electrons are negative. Neutrons have no charge/neutral charge.

35. One student rubs a balloon against his hair several times. Another student passes a comb through her hair several times. The students place thecomb near the balloon and observe that the comb repels the balloon. Which is the MOST likely reason the comb is able to repel the balloon?

a. The balloon has a negative charge and the comb is neutral.

b. The balloon and the comb have opposite electrical charges.

c. The balloon has a positive charge and the comb is neutral.

d. The balloon and the comb have the same electrical charge.

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Apply Its_Middle School Physical Science - Mastery Assess It_11