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Rove Chishman
João Gabriel Padilha
Diego Spader de Souza
Anderson Bertoldi
Applied Linguistics Graduate Program (UNISINOS)
Applying Frame Semantics to Soccer Language: from a monolingual to a
multilingual resource
Copa 2014
Academic Context:
• Team developing the soccer resource (UNISINOS):
– graduate and undergraduate students
– Professors and researchers
• Partnerships:
– Applied Computing Department (UNISINOS)
– University of Juiz de Fora (Tourism resource)
• Founding:
– FAPERGS and CNPq
Introduction:• In this presentation we will approach:
– (i) the use of Kicktionary’s semantic tags for corpus annotation;
– (ii) the development of a multilingual frame-based resource for soccer language.
• Concerning the annotation process, we will discuss the challenges faced to annotate sentences with:
– (i) metaphoric lexical units;
– (ii)polysemous lexical units;
– (iii) support verbs .
• Concerning the development of a multilingual frame-based resource for soccer language, we will point:
– (i) the need for including frame-to-frame relations in a resource for the soccer language;
– (ii) the need for describing support-noun complex units.
Corpus Annotation Methodology:
• (a) translation of Kicktionary’s scenes, frames and lexical units to develop an annotation handbook;
• (b) development of a specialized corpus:– 100 texts describing soccer matches / 57,158 words.
• (c) segmentation of the texts into sentences:– 3,307 sentences.
• (d) manual analysis and annotation of the sentences by pairs of annotators;
• (e) using SALTO annotation tool.
Metaphoric Lexical Units:
Scena: Pass/Frame: Intercept
[Camacho INTERCEPTOR] roubou [grande bola BALL] [no meio. INTERVENTION_LOCATION]
[Camacho INTERCEPTOR] stole [great ball BALL] [in the half of the pitch.
INTERVENTION_LOCATION]
Scena: Pass/Frame: Intercept
Mas [a zaga INTERCEPTOR] cortou [DNI PASS].
But [the defense INTERCEPTOR] cut out [DNI PASS].
Polysemy:
Scena: Shot/ Frame: Shot
[Tardelli SHOOTER] [tocou na saída do goleiro TARGET].
[Tardelli SHOOTER] [touched when the goalkeeper left the area TARGET].
Scena: Pass/ Frame: Pass
[O Furacão PASSER] tentou tocar mais [a bola BALL] para tirar a velocidade do Timão.
[Furacão PASSER] tried to touch more [the ball BALL] to slow down the velocity of the team.
Support Verbs:Scena: Pass/Frame: Pass
[Ramirez PASSER] fez [o passe PASS] [para Battión RECIPIENT].
[Ramirez PASSER] supplied [ pass PASS] [to Battión RECIPIENT].
Scena: Pass/Frame: Pass
[O autor do primeiro gol PASSER] deu [passe milimétrico PASS] [para Adriano
RECIPIENT].
[The author of the first goal PASSER] supplied [milimetric pass PASS] [to Adriano
RECIPIENT].
Frames and Support Verb Constructions:
Marcel fez o gol da vitória.
[Marcel scored the victory goal.]
O time colorado sofreu um gol no começo do segundo tempo.
[Internacional team suffered a goal in the beginnning of the second time.]
Morales perdeu o gol incrível.
[Morales missed the incredible goal.]
Support Verb Constructions of the Soccer Language:
[Support Verb] + [Specialized Term]
marcar + gol ............ [score a gol]
marcar + falta ...... [award a free-kick]
sofrer + gol .......... [suffer a goal]
bater + falta ... [take a free-kick]
cobrar + pênalti ...[take a pênalti]
Foul Frame:
Fisrt step in a Foul frame / the offender perspective:
Nino cometeu falta sobre Muriqui.
[Nino committed foul on Muriqui.]
Foul Frame:
Fisrt step in a Foul frame / the offended perspective:
Cleber Santana sofreu falta na entrada da área.
[Cleber Santana suffered foul in the area entrance.]
Foul Frame:
Second step in a Foul frame:
(...) mas o árbitro marcou falta no toque de mão involuntário do atacante.
[(...) but the referee awarded a free-kick for the involuntary handtouch of the striker.]
Foul Frame:
Third step in a Foul frame:
Marcelo Oliveira cobrou falta direto pela linha de fundo.
[Marcelo Oliveira charged foul directly from the goal line.]
Concluding Remarks:• Our work with Kicktionary’s frames has led us to rethink some
lexicographic aspects of Kicktionary:
– Frame-to-frame relations (Score_Goal, Award_Goal)
– Scenes and frames classification. (Goal: Score_Goal, Award_Goal)
– Reframing of Kicktionary frames (Score_Goal and Goal)
– Frame definition for each frame.
• On the examples of the soccer language resource, we need to move from a running text annotation methodology to a lexicographic annotation methodology.
• On the equivalence of the lexical units and constructions, we need to decide the equivalence unit: marcar um gol / score a gol, marcar uma
falta / award a free-kick).
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Thank you!