7/31/2019 Approaches in the Study of Tourism

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Beshg epprjeg`ms tj t`m stufy

ji Vjurhsc

By 4 EKAHV W@ERCE

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Vjurhsc gjccjkny hs epprjeg`mft`rjuo` e verhmty ji cmt`jfs. @jwmvmr,

t`mrm hs nhttnm jr kj eormmcmkt jk `jwt`m stufy ji tjurhsc s`junf bmukfmrteamk. V`m ijnnjwhko erm smvmrencmt`jfs t`et `evm bmmk usmf.

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Hksthtuthjken Epprjeg`

\rjfugt Epprjeg`

@hstjrhgen Epprjeg`

Cekeomrhen Epprjeg`

Mgjkjchg Epprjeg`

Wjghjnjohgen Epprjeg`

Omjorep`hgen Epprjeg`

Hktmrfhsghpnhkery Epprjeg`ms

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Hksthtuthjken Epprjeg`

V`m hksthtuthjken epprjeg` tj t`m stufy ji tjurhscgjkshfmrs t`m verhjus hktmrcmfherhms ekf hksthtuthjks t`etpmrijrc tjurhsc egthvhthms. Ht mcp`eshzms hksthtuthjks sug`es t`m trevmn eomkgy. V`hs epprjeg` rmquhrms ekhkvmsthoethjk ji t`m jroekhzethjk, jpmrethko cmt`jfs,prjbnmcs, gjsts, ekf mgjkjchg pnegm ji trevmn eomkts w`jegt jk bm`eni ji t`m gustjcmr, purg`eshko smrvhgms irjc

ehrnhkms, rmkten ger gjcpekhms, `jtmns, ekf sj jk.

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Ek efvekteom ji t`hs epprjeg` hst`et t`m ].W. Gmksus Burmeugjkfugts e survmy mvmry ihvm ymers jksmnmgtmf smrvhgms t`et hkgnufms trevmneomkts ekf njfohko pnegms, t`us

prjvhfhko e fetebesm ijr iurt`mrstufy.

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\rjfugt Epprjeg` V`m prjfugt epprjeg` hkvjnvms t`m stufy ji verhjustjurhsc prjfugts ekf `jw t`my erm prjfugmf,ceramtmf, ekf gjksucmf. Ijr mxecpnm, jkm cho`tstufy ek ehrnhkm smet `jw ht hs grmetmf, t`m pmjpnmw`j erm mkoeomf hk buyhko ekf smnnhko ht, `jw ht hsihkekgmf, `jw ht hs efvmrthsmf, ekf sj jk.

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Rmpmethko t`hs prjgmfurm ijr rmkten gers, `jtmn

rjjcs, cmens, ekf jt`mr tjurhst smrvhgms ohvms e iunnphgturm ji t`m ihmnf.

]kijrtuketmny , t`m prjfugt epprjeg` tmkfs tj bmtjj thcm-gjksuchko1 ht fjms kjt ennjw t`m stufmkt tjoresp t`m iukfecmktens ji tjurhsc quhgany.

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Cekeomrhen Epprjeg`

V`m cekeomrhen epprjeg` hs ihrc-jrhmktmf(chgrjmgjkjchg), ijgushko jk t`mcekeomcmkt egthvhthms kmgmssery tj jpmretm etjurhst mktmrprhsm, sug` es pnekkhko, rmsmerg`,prhghko, efvmrthshko, gjktrjn, ekf t`m nham. Ht hs epjpuner epprjeg`, ushko hksho`ts onmekmf irjc jt`mrepprjeg`ms ekf fhsghpnhkms. Ent`juo` e cedjr ijgus

ji t`hs bjja hs cekeomrhen pmrspmgthvms.

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Rmoerfnmss ji w`hg` epprjeg` hs usmf tj stufytjurhsc, ht hs hcpjrtekt tj akjw t`m cekeomrhenepprjeg`. \rjfugts g`ekom, hksthtuthjks g`ekom,ekf sjghmty g`ekoms1 t`hs cmeks t`etcekeomrhen jbdmgthvms ekf prjgmfurms cust bm

omermf tj g`ekom tj cmmt s`hits hk t`m tjurhscmkvhrjkcmkt. V`m Djurken ji Vrevmn Rmsmerg`ekf Vjurhsc Cekeomcmkt, nmefhko djurkens hk

t`m ihmnf, bjt` imeturm t`hs epprjeg`.

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Mgjkjchg Epprjeg`

Bmgeusm ji hts hcpjrtekgm tj bjt` fjcmsthg ekfwjrnf mgjkjchms, tjurhsc `es bmmk mxechkmfgnjsmny by mgjkjchsts, w`j ijgus jk suppny,fmcekf, benekgm ji peycmkts, ijrmhok mxg`ekom,

mcpnjycmkt, mxpmkfhturms, fmvmnjpcmkt,cunthpnhmrs, ekf jt`mr mgjkjchg iegtjrs.

V`hs epprjeg` hs usmiun hk prjvhfhko e irecmwjraijr ekenyzhko tjurhsc ekf hts gjktrhbuthjks tj egjuktrys mgjkjcy ekf mgjkjchg fmvmnjpcmkt.

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V`m fhsefvekteom ji t`m mgjkjchg epprjeg` hs

t`et w`mrmes tjurhsc hs ek hcpjrtekt mgjkjchgp`mkjcmkjk, ht `es kjk mgjkjchg hcpegts es wmnn.

V`m mgjkjchg epprjeg` fjms kjt usuenny peyefmquetm ettmkthjk tj t`m mkvhrjkcmkten, gunturen,psyg`jnjohgen, sjghjnjohgen, ekfekt`rjpjnjohgen epprjeg`ms.

Vjurhsc Mgjkjchgs -hs e djurken uthnhzhko t`mmgjkjchg epprjeg`.

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Wjghjnjohgen Epprjeg`

Vjurhsc tmkfs tj bm e sjghen egthvhty.Gjksmqumktny, ht `es ettregtmf t`m ettmkthjkji sjghjnjohsts, w`j `evm stufhmf t`m tjurhsc

bm`evhjr ji hkfhvhfuens ekf orjups ji pmjpnm ekft`m hcpegt ji tjurhsc jk sjghmty. V`hs epprjeg`mxechkms sjghen gnessms, `ebhts, ekf gustjcs ji

bjt` `jsts ekf oumsts.

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V`m sjghjnjoy ji nmhsurm hs e rmnethvmny ukfmvmnjpmfihmnf, but ht s`jws prjchsm ji prjormsshko rephfnyekf bmgjchko cjrm whfmny usmf. Es tjurhsc

gjkthkums tj ceam e cesshvm hcpegt jk sjghmty, htwhnn bm stufhmf cjrm ekf cjrm irjc e sjghen pjhkt jivhmw.

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E prhcm rmimrmkgm hk t`hs erme hs V`m Vjurhst4 EKmw V`mjry ji t`m Nmhsurm Gness, by Fmek CegGekkmnn (Wg`jgamk Bjjas, Kmw Xjra,58?9). Mrha

Gj`mk, ji t`m @mbrmw ]khvmrshty ji Dmrusenmc,`es cefm ceky gjktrhbuthjks hk t`hs erme.Ore`ec C. W. Fekk, ]khvmrshty ji Nutjk, ]khtmfAhkofjc, `es bmmk e cedjr gjktrhbutjr tj t`mtjurhsc sjghjnjoy nhtmreturm es wmnn.

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Omjorep`hgen Epprjeg`

Omjorep`y hs e whfm-rekohko fhsghpnhkm, sj ht hsketuren t`et omjorep`mrs s`junf bm hktmrmstmf hktjurhsc ekf hts spethen espmgts. V`m omjorep`mrspmghenhzms hk t`m stufy ji njgethjk, mkvhrjkcmkt,gnhcetm, nekfsgepm, ekf mgjkjchg espmgts.

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V`m omjorep`mrs epprjeg` tj tjurhsc s`mfsnho`t jk t`m njgethjk ji tjurhst ermes, t`m

cjvmcmkts ji pmjpnm grmetmf by tjurhsc njgenms,t`m g`ekoms t`et tjurhsc brhkos tj t`m nekfsgepmhk t`m ijrc ji tjurhsc ieghnhthms, fhspmrshjk ji

tjurhsc fmvmnjpcmkt, p`yshgen pnekkhko, ekfmgjkjchg, sjghen, ekf gunturen prjbnmcs.

Bmgeusm tjurhsc tjug`ms omjorep`y et sj cekypjhkts, omjorep`mrs `evm hkvmsthoetmf t`m ermecjrm t`jrjuo`ny t`ek `evm sg`jners hk ceky jt`mrfhsghpnhkms.

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Bmgeusm t`m omjorep`mrs epprjeg` hs sj

Mkgjcpesshko fmenhko wht` nekf usm, mgjkjchgespmgts, fmcjorep`hg hcpegts, ekf gunturenprjbnmcs e stufy ji t`mhr gjktrhbuthjks hs `ho`nyrmgjccmkfmf. Rmgrmethjken omjorep`y hs egjccjk gjursm thtnm usmf by omjorep`mrsstufyhko t`hs spmghenty. Bmgeusm tjurhsc, nmhsurm,ekf rmgrmethjk erm sj gnjsmny rmnetmf, ht hs

kmgmssery tj smerg` ijr nhtmreturm ukfmr enn t`msmthtnms tj fhsgjvmr t`m gjktrhbuthjks ji verhjusihmnfs.

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Omjorep`mrs wmrm hkstrucmkten hk sterthko bjt`

t`m Djurken ji Nmhsurm Rmsmerg` ekf NmhsurmWghmkgms. Ekjt`mr djurken, Vjurhsc Omjorep`hms,wes neukg`mf hk Imbruery 5888wht` t`m ehc ji

prjvhfhko e ijruc ijr t`m prmsmktethjkekf fhsgusshjk ji omjorep`hg pmrspmgthvmsjk tjurhsc ekf tjurhsc rmnetmf ermes ji rmgrmethjkekf nmhsurm stufhms.

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Hktmrfhsghpnhkery Epprjeg`ms Vjurhsc mcbregms vhrtuenny enn espmgts ji jur sjghmty. _m `evmgunturen ekf `mrhteom tjurhsc, w`hg` genns ijr ekekt`rjpjnjohgen epprjeg`.

Bmgeusm pmjpnm bm`evm hk fhiimrmkt weys ekf trevmn ijr

fhiimrmkt rmesjks, ht hs kmgmssery tj usm e psyg`jnjohgen epprjeg`tj fmtmrchkm t`m bmst wey tj prjcjtm ekf ceramt tjurhscprjfugts.

Bmgeusm tjurhsts grjss bjrfmrs ekf rmquhrm pesspjrts ekfvhses irjc ojvmrkcmkt jiihgms, ekf bmgeusm cjst gjuktrhms`evm ojvmrkcmkt-jpmretmf tjurhsc fmvmnjpcmkt fmpertcmkts,wm ihkf t`et pjnhthgen hksthtuthjks erm hkvjnvmf ekf erm gennhko ijre pjnhthgen sghmkgm epprjeg`.

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Eky hkfustry t`et bmgjcms ek mgjkjchg ohekteiimgthko t`m nhvms ji ceky pmjpnm ettregts t`mettmkthjk ji nmohsnethvm bjfhms (enjko wht` t`et ji t`msjghjnjohsts, omjorep`mrs, mgjkjchsts, ekfekt`rjpjnjohsts), w`hg` grmetm t`m news, rmounethjks,ekf nmoen mkvhrjkcmkt hk w`hg` t`m tjurhst hkfustrycust jpmretm1 sj wm ensj `evm e nmoen epprjeg`.

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V`m ormet hcpjrtekgm ji trekspjrtethjksuoomsts pessmkomr trekspjrtethjk es ekjt`mrepprjeg`. V`m iegt shcpny hs t`et tjurhsc hs sj

vest, sj gjcpnmx, ekf sj cunthiegmtmf t`et ht hskmgmssery tj `evm e kucbmr ji epprjeg`ms tjstufyhko t`m ihmnf, meg` omermf tj e sjcm w`et

fhiimrmkt tesa jr jbdmgthvm.

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V`m Ekkens ji Vjurhsc Rmsmerg`, ekhktmrfhsghpnhkery sjghen sghmkgms djurken, hsekjt`mr pubnhgethjk t`et s`junf bm jk t`msmrhjus tjurhsc stufmkts rmefhko nhst.

Ijnnjwhko ihourm hnnustretms t`m hktmrfhsghpnhkeryketurm ji tjurhsc stufhms ekf t`mhr rmghprjghty

ekf cutuenhty.