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AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests 5. Enzymes 6. Photosynthesis 7. Reaction Time 9. Field Investigations Navigation: Home Back to topic menu Next page Previous page Back to video menu

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Page 1: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision

1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests 5. Enzymes

6. Photosynthesis 7. Reaction Time

9. Field Investigations

Navigation:

Home

Back to topic menu

Next page

Previous page

Back to video menu

Page 2: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

AQA GCSE Triple Science Biology Required Practical Revision

Navigation:

Home

Back to topic menu

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2. Microbiology 8. Plant Responses

10. Decay

Page 3: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

1. Microscopy – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Answers

Exam Style Question

Quick Questions

Page 4: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy

Aim: To use a microscope to observe cells and sub-cellular structures

Apparatus:• Light microscope• Lamp• Microscope slide/Glass slide• Coverslip• Methylene blue stain/Iodine

stain• Pipette• Paper towel• Wooden toothpick/ Cocktail

stick• Onion bulb• Disinfectant• Knife & White Tile• Tweezers • Forceps

Safety:• Take care when handling slides and microscope• Anything that you have put into your mouth should

be placed in disinfectant after use• Wear gloves if using stains• Wear eye protection• Methylene blue is an irritant

Page 5: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SX6mow1AExI

Click on link below for video

Page 6: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy – Quick Questions

1. Draw a labelled diagram of the onion peel cell.

2. A student is observing an ant using a digital microscope. The length of the image is 33mm. The ant's actual length is 3mm. Calculate the magnification of the image.

3. What is 3mm in micrometers?

4. If an earthworm is 19 mm long and it is photographed and the picture is magnified 2.5x how long will it be in the picture?

5. Which has a higher magnification: an electron microscope or a light microscope?

Page 7: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy – Exam Style Question

6 Marks

Page 8: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 9: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy – Quick Questions - Answers1. Draw a labelled diagram of the onion peel cell.

2. A student is observing an ant using a digital microscope. The length of the image is 33mm. The ant's actual length is 3mm. Calculate the magnification of the image.

3. What is 3mm in micrometers?

4. If an earthworm is 18 mm long and it is photographed and the picture is magnified 2.5x how long will it be in the picture? Give your answer in cm.

5. Which has a higher magnification: an electron microscope or a light microscope?

11x

3000µm

4.5cm

Electron Microscope

Page 10: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microscopy – Exam Style Question - Answers

6 Marks

Page 11: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

2. Microbiology (Triple) – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Answers

Exam Style Question

Quick Questions

Page 12: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

2. Microbiology (Triple)Aim: Investigate the effect of antiseptics or antibiotics on bacterial growth using agar plates and measuring zones of inhibition.

Apparatus: a nutrient agar plate

a Bunsen burner

a heatproof mat

a disposable plastic pipette (sterile)

a culture of bacteria (E. coli– K12 or B strain)

a sterile glass spreader

filter paper discs.

three antiseptics (such as mouthwash, TCP, and antiseptic cream or any other suitable antisept)

1% VirKon disinfectant

forceps

clear tape

hand wash

a wax pencil

access to an incubator (set to maximum of 25°C).

Safety:

Ensure that your work spaces and hands are thoroughly cleaned before and after the experiment.

Care must be taken when handling microorganisms such as bacteria. You will use techniques called aseptic techniques during this experiment to avoid contamination.

Page 13: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology (Triple)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sI2Dp5fNdDY

Click on link below for video

Page 14: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology – Quick Questions

1. What is the name of the glass or plastic dish we grow the microorganism in?

2. What is it called when we kill all unwanted microbes when culturing a microorganism?

3. To ensure no microbes from the air can’t contaminate inoculated Petri dishes, they must be what?

4. What is the name given to the jelly-like material contained in a Petri dish and used to grow bacteria for antiseptic or antibiotic testing?

5. How can contamination occur?

Page 15: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology – Exam Style Questions

7 Marks

Page 16: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology (Triple) - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 17: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology – Quick Questions - Answers

1. What is the name of the glass or plastic dish we grow the microorganism in?

2. What is it called when we kill all unwanted microbes when culturing a microorganism?

3. To ensure no microbes from the air can’t contaminate inoculated Petri dishes, they must be what?

4. What is the name given to the jelly-like material contained in a Petri dish and used to grow bacteria for antiseptic or antibiotic testing?

5. How can contamination occur?

Petri / Petri dish / Agar plate / Agar dish

Sterilising / Sterilisation

Sealed

Agar / Nutrient agar / Agar jelly / Agar gel

Contamination can occur when microorganisms from:• The surroundings get into your experiment and spoil your results• Your experiment get into the surroundings and cause a potential health hazard

Page 18: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Microbiology – Exam Style Questions - Answers

7 Marks

Level 3 (5–7 marks):

A coherent method is described with relevant detail, which demonstrates a broad

understanding of the relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The steps in

the method are logically ordered. The method would lead to the collection of valid

results.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

The bulk of a method is described with mostly relevant detail, which demonstrates

a reasonable understanding of the relevant techniques and procedures. The

method may not be in a completely logical sequence and may be missing some

detail.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete relevant points are made which demonstrate some understanding of the

relevant scientific techniques and procedures. They may lack a logical structure

and would not lead to the production of valid results.

0 marks:

No relevant content.

Method:

1. Spraying the bench where you are working with disinfectant spray. Then wipe with paper

towels.

2. Mark the underneath of a nutrient agar plate (not the lid) with the wax pencil

as follows (make sure that the lid stays in place to avoid contamination):

divide the plate into five equal sections and number them 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 around the edge

place a dot into the middle of each section

around the edge write your initials, the date and the name of the bacteria (E. coli)

3. Wash your hands with the antibacterial hand wash.

4. Put different antiseptics onto the five filter paper discs. This can be done by either soaking

them in the liquid or spreading the cream or paste onto them.

5. Carefully lift the lid of the agar plate at an angle. Do not open it fully.

6. Use forceps to carefully put each disc onto one of the dots drawn on with the wax pencil.

7. Make a note of which antiseptic is in each of the three numbered sections of the plate.

8. Secure the lid of the agar plate in place using two small pieces of clear tape.

9. Do not seal the lid all the way around as this creates anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic

conditions will prevent the E. coli bacteria from growing and can encourage some other

very nasty bacteria to grow.

10. Incubate the plate at 25 °C for 48 hours.

Why there is no growth:

11. Antiseptics diffuse / pass (into agar) and will kill / prevent growth of bacteria or destroy cell

wall / bacteria

Page 19: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

3. Osmosis – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Exam Style Question

Answers

Quick Questions

Page 20: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

OsmosisAim: Investigate the effect of a range of concentrations of salt or sugar solutions on the mass of plant tissue.

Apparatus: Potato Cork borer or potato chipper/ vegetable stick

cutter Ruler 10 cm3 measuring cylinder Labels Three boiling tubes Test tube rack paper towels knife White tile Range of sugar solutions Distilled water Balance

Safety:Take care when handling the knifeDo not drink any of the solutions or eat the potatoes

Page 21: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oieXYuQm_xE

Click on link below for video

Page 22: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis – Quick Questions

1. What is the independent variable in the osmosis investigation?

2. What are the control variables?

3. Why is it important to have control variables in this investigation?

4. What is the dependent variable?

5. Is osmosis a type of active transport or a type of diffusion?

6. Draw a table that you could use to record results for 0.25M, 0.5M, 0.75M and 1.0M concentrations of sugar solution.

Page 23: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis – Exam Style Question

6 Marks

Page 24: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 25: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis – Quick Questions - Answers1. What is the independent variable in the osmosis investigation?

2. List two control variables in this investigation?

3. Why is it important to have control variables in this investigation?

4. What is the dependent variable?

5. Is osmosis a type of active transport or a type of diffusion?

Concentration of sugar solution

Initial length of potato/Initial mass of potato/Type of potato/ Amount of solution in boiling tube/Temperature/Length of time potato is left in solutions

To keep the investigation fair

Final length of potato/Final mass of potato

Type of diffusion

Page 26: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis – Quick Questions - Answers

1.0 M sugar

solution

0.75 M sugar

solution0.5 M sugar

solution

0.25 M sugar

solution

Distilled

water

Initial length (cm)

Final length (cm)

Change in length

(cm)

Initial mass (g)

Final mass in (g)

Change in mass in

(g)

6. Draw a table that you could use to record results for 0.25M, 0.5M, 0.75M and 1.0M concentrations of sugar solution.

Page 27: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Osmosis – Exam Style Questions - Answers

6 Marks

Page 28: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

4. Food Test – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Exam Style Question

Answers

Quick Questions

Page 29: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food TestsAim: To use qualitative reagents to test for a range of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Apparatus:• Eye protection• Water• Measuring cylinder• Spatula• Powdered foods• Test tubes, racks & bungs• Stirrer• Iodine solution• Benedict’s solution• Potassium Hydroxide solution• Copper sulfate solution• (Or Biuret’s Test)• Ethanol• Cold water• Water bath

Safety:• Wear eye protection• Wash any splashes from skin quickly• Do not taste any of the food substances• Potassium hydroxide can be harmful to the skin and eyes• Take care when using hot water bath to avoid scalding

Page 30: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akMLGbNA0gE

Click on link below for video

Page 31: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests – Quick Questions

1. What is the chemical test for starch?

2. A red colour forms when a solution is heated with Benedict's reagent. What could this solution contain?

3. Biurets reagent is used to test for proteins, what colour changes will take place if protein is present?

4. What test is carried out to test for the presence of fat?

5. List two safety precautions that should be taken when carrying out food tests.

Page 32: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests – Exam Style Question

6 Marks

Page 33: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 34: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests – Quick Questions - Answers1. What is the chemical test for starch?

2. A red colour forms when a solution is heated with Benedict's reagent. What could this solution contain?

3. Biurets reagent is used to test for proteins, what colour changes will take place if protein is present?

4. What test is carried out to test for the presence of fat?

5. List two safety precautions that should be taken when carrying out food tests.

Iodine test, will turn from an orange colour to a blue-black in the presence of starch.

Glucose

Biurets reagent, will turn from blue to purple in the presence of protein.

Emulsion test, where ethanol is added to the test sample, if fat is present the sample will turn from clear/colourless to cloudy white.

Safety goggles should be worn when carrying out the tests / Wash off spills on skin immediately / No eating or drinking during testing / Care should be taken when handling hot water

Page 35: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Food Tests – Exam Style Question - Answers

6 Marks

Page 36: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

5. Enzymes – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Exam Style Question

Answers

Quick Questions

Page 37: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

EnzymesAim: To investigate the effect of pH on the rate of digestion of starch by amylase.

Apparatus:• Test tubes• Test tube rack• Water baths (electrical or Bunsen burners

and beakers)• Spotting tiles• 5 cm3 measuring cylinder• Syringes or 10 cm3 measuring cylinders• Glass rod• Stop watch • Starch solution• Amylase solution• Buffered solutions covering a range of pH,

each with a labelled syringe/ plastic pipette• Iodine solution • Thermometers

Safety:• Safety goggles should be worn

throughout.• Take care with boiling water.

Page 38: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Yqbu56ImXk

Click on link below for video

Page 39: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes – Quick Questions1. What is an Enzyme?

2. What happens to an enzyme when its active site changes shape irreversibly?

3. A student is asked to investigate the effect of pH on the enzyme amylase, which variables should be controlled in order to ensure that this investigation is fair?

a) What is the dependent variable in this investigation?b) What will be the independent variable?

4. What substance is used to test for the presences of starch in this investigation?

5. Draw a table to record your results.

Page 40: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes – Exam Style Question

6 Marks

Page 41: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 42: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes – Quick Questions - Answers

1. What is an Enzyme?

2. What happens to an enzyme when its active site changes shape irreversibly?

3. A student is asked to investigate the effect of pH on the enzyme amylase, which variables should be controlled in order to ensure that this investigation is fair?

a) What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

a) What will be the independent variable?

A protein molecule that acts as a biological catalyst

It becomes denatured

Enzyme Concentration / Temperature

The time taken for the starch to break down

The pH

Page 43: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes – Quick Questions - Answers

4. What substance is used to test for the presences of starch in this investigation?

5. Draw a table to record your results.

Iodine

pH of solution

Time taken for amylase to

completely break down the starch in

seconds (s)

Page 44: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Enzymes – Exam Style Question - Answers

6 Marks

Page 45: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

6. Photosynthesis – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

E

Exam Style Question

Answers

Quick Questions

Page 46: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis

Aim: To investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis using an aquatic organism such as pondweed.

Apparatus:

a boiling tube

freshly cut 10 cm piece of

pondweed

a light source

a ruler

a test tube rack

a stop watch

0.2% solution of sodium

hydrogen carbonate solution

a glass rod.

Safety

Care should be taken:

when handling glassware

with the use of lamps that may get hot

with the presence of water and the electrical power

supply for the lamp.

Page 47: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=id0aO_OdFwA

Click on link below for video

Page 48: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis – Quick Questions

1. Write down the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis.

2. What name is given to a factor which prevents an increase in the rate of photosynthesis?

3. What variables must be controlled in this investigation?

4. What is the independent variable in this investigation?

5. What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

Page 49: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis – Exam Style Questions

6 Marks

Page 50: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 51: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis – Quick Questions - Answers1. Write down the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis.

2. What name is given to a factor which prevents an increase in the rate of photosynthesis?

3. A student wants to investigate the affect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis on pondweed, what variables must be controlled in this investigation?

4. What is the independent variable in this investigation?

5. What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

Carbon Dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2

Limiting Factor

Amount of pondweed / Temperature / Carbon dioxide concentration / Time

The distance away from light intensity

Number of oxygen bubbles produced

Page 52: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Photosynthesis – Exam Style Question - Answers

6 Marks

Level 3 (5–6 marks):

A coherent method is described with relevant detail, which demonstrates a broad

understanding of the relevant techniques and procedures. The steps in the method are

logically ordered. The method would lead to the production of valid results.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

The bulk of the method is described with mostly relevant detail, which demonstrates a

reasonable understanding of the relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The

method may not be in a completely logical order and may be missing some detail.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Simple statements are made which demonstrate some understanding of some of the

relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The response may lack a logical structure

and would not lead to the production of valid results.

0 marks:

No relevant content

Method: 1. Set up a test tube rack containing a boiling tube at a distance of 10 cm away from the light

source 2. Fill the boiling tube with the sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. 3. Put the piece of pondweed into the boiling tube with the cut end at the top. Gently push the

pondweed down with the glass rod. 4. Leave the boiling tube for 5 minutes. 5. Start the stopwatch and count the number of bubbles produced in one minute.

6. Record the results in a table

7. Repeat the count twice more. Then use the data to calculate the mean number of bubbles

per minute. 8. Repeat steps 1‒7 with the test tube rack and boiling tube at distances of 20 cm, 30 cm and

40 cm from the light source.

Page 53: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

7. Reaction Time – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Exam Style Question

Answers

Quick Questions

Page 54: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Reaction TimeAim: Plan and carry out an investigation into the effect of a factor on human reaction time.

Apparatus:

a metre ruler

a chair

a table

a partner

Safety:

Care should be taken to avoid injury from the

falling ruler.

Drop test

attempts

Ruler measurements in cm Reaction times in seconds

Person 1 Person 2 Person 1 Person 2

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Page 55: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Reaction Time

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ws5qVXYHRnQ

Click on link below for video

Page 56: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Reaction Time – Quick Questions

1. What is a reflex reaction and why are they important?

2. What are effectors?

3. A student is asked to investigate whether practice reduces human reaction times, what variables should be kept the same to ensure the investigation is fair?

a) What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

b) What is the independent variable?

Page 57: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Reaction Time – Exam Style Question

6 Marks

Page 58: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Reaction Time - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

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Reaction Time – Quick Questions - Answers

1. What is a reflex reaction and why are they important?

2. What are effectors?

3. A student is asked to investigate whether practice reduces human reaction times, what variables should be kept the same to ensure the investigation is fair?

a) What is the dependent variable in this investigation?b) What is the independent variable?

A fast reaction that bypasses the brain / to protect you from harm

Muscles & Glands

The height the ruler is dropped from/Hand used

Reaction time

The number of attempts

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Reaction Time – Exam Style Question - Answers

6 Marks

Level 3 (5–6 marks):

A coherent method is described with relevant detail, which demonstrates a broad

understanding of the relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The steps in the

method are logically ordered. The method would lead to the collection of valid results.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

The bulk of a method is described with mostly relevant detail, which demonstrates a

reasonable understanding of the relevant techniques and procedures. The method may

not be in a completely logical sequence and may be missing some detail.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete relevant points are made which demonstrate some understanding of the relevant

scientific techniques and procedures. They may lack a logical structure and would not lead

to the production of valid results.

0 marks:

No relevant content.

Method:

1. use decaffeinated coffee as control

2. control volume of coffee

3. blind trial or do not tell students which coffee they are drinking

4. left for standard time between drink and test

5. at least 10 minutes

6. control start position of ruler

7. control other factors such as light in the room

8. same person for different concentrations

9. repeat for each caffeine concentration

10. use a range of caffeine concentrations

11. start with lowest concentration of caffeine

12. use caffeine solution instead of coffee to control for other ingredients

13. repeat investigation with more people and calculate means

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8. Plant Responses (Triple) – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Answers

Exam Style Question

Quick Questions

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8. Plant Responses (Triple)

Aim: Investigating the effect of light intensity on the growth of mustard seedlings

Apparatus:

white mustard seeds

petri-dishes

cotton wool

a ruler

water

access to a light windowsill and a

dark cupboard

Safety:

Wash hands after handling seeds

DayHeight of seedling in full sunlight in mm

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mean

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

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Plant Responses (Triple)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEo21LbnJJM

Click on link below for video

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Plant Responses – Quick Questions

1. What term is used to describe a growth movement in plants?

2. What chemicals control growth movements in plants?

3. What is the name of the hormone that controls phototropism and gravitropism?

4. When investigating the effect of light intensity on the growth of mustard seedlings, list two variables that need to be controlled to make this investigation fair.

5. What would be the dependent variable in this investigation?

Page 65: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Plant Responses – Exam Style Questions

6 Marks

Page 66: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Plant Responses (Triple) - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 67: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Plant Responses – Quick Questions - Answers

1. What term is used to describe a growth movement in plants?

2. What chemicals control growth movements in plants?

3. What is the name of the hormone that controls phototropism and gravitropism?

4. When investigating the effect of light intensity on the growth of mustard seedlings, list two variables that need to be controlled to make this investigation fair.

5. What would be the dependent variable in this investigation?

Tropism

Auxins / Plant hormones / Growth hormones

Auxins

Type of seed / Nutrients / Volume of water given / Number of seeds

Height of seedlings

Page 68: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Plant Responses – Exam Style Questions - Answers

6 Marks

Level 3 (5–6 marks):

A coherent method is described with relevant detail, which demonstrates a broad

understanding of the relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The steps in the

method are logically ordered. The method would lead to the collection of valid results.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

The bulk of a method is described with mostly relevant detail, which demonstrates a

reasonable understanding of the relevant techniques and procedures. The method may

not be in a completely logical sequence and may be missing some detail.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete relevant points are made which demonstrate some understanding of the

relevant scientific techniques and procedures. They may lack a logical structure and

would not lead to the production of valid results.

0 marks:

No relevant content.

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9. Field Investigations – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

E

Exam Style Questions

Answers

Quick Questions

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Field InvestigationsAims:

1. Investigating the population size of a plant species using random sampling.

2. Investigating the effect of a factor on plant distribution using a transect line.

Apparatus:

a 25cm x 25cm quadrat

2 x 30 m tape measure

a clipboard

a pen

Paper

Optional: Identification

charts and pencil

Safety:• Consider the safety

aspects of your chosen site, such as poisonous plants, animal faeces or open water and take appropriate precautions while working.

• Wash hands after investigation.

Page 71: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Field Investigations

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yLHz2Ea10Mg

Click on link below for video

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Field Investigations – Quick Questions

1. Environments are sometimes sampled along a straight line.

What is such a line called?

2. Two students visited two locations and measured the lichens on nine trees in each place. Their results are below.

Calculate the mean for each location. Give your answer to one decimal place.

3. A student wants to investigate the population size of daisies in trampled and un-trampled parts of a school field, what variables should be controlled in this investigation?

Location Tree 1 Tree 2 Tree 3 Tree 4 Tree 5 Tree 6 Tree 7 Tree 8 Tree 9

London 4 6 11 13 4 2 6 2 4

N. Wales 21 13 18 7 16 2 5 19 1

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Field Investigations – Exam Style Questions

7 Marks

Page 74: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Field Investigations - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 75: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Field Investigations – Quick Questions - Answers

1. Environments are sometimes sampled along a straight line.

What is such a line called?

2. Two students visited two locations and measured the lichens on nine trees in each place. Their results are below.

Calculate the mean for each location. Give your answer to one decimal place.

3. A student wants to investigate the population size of daisies in trampled and un-trampled parts of a school field, what variables should be controlled in this investigation?

Location Tree 1 Tree 2 Tree 3 Tree 4 Tree 5 Tree 6 Tree 7 Tree 8 Tree 9

London 4 6 11 13 4 2 6 2 4

S. Wales 21 13 18 7 16 2 5 19 1

Transect Line

London mean = 5.8 South Wales mean = 12.9

Type of species / Size of quadrat

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Field Investigations – Exam Style Questions - Answers

7 Marks

Level 3 (5-7 marks):

A very detailed and coherent description is given as to how quadrats are used and an

explanation is given which makes logical links between clearly identified relevant points as

to why daisy growth may be limited.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

A detailed and coherent explanation is given. Logical links between clearly identified

relevant points are made to explain why daisy growth may be limited.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete relevant points are made. The logic may be unclear.

0 marks:

No relevant content

How quadrats should be used:

(placed) randomly 1

sufficient number (of quadrats) used 1

count (daisies) in each quadrat 1

use mean number of daisy, area of quadrat and area of field to estimate population

accept (area of field / area quadrat) × mean number of daisies per quadrat

1 Factors that may be considered:

competition for resources including:

• light • water

• space

• mineral ions (allow nutrients / salts / ions from the soil) 1

Why growth may be limited:

• (light) energy for photosynthesis

• water as a raw material for photosynthesis / support

• surface area exposed to light

• sugar / glucose produced in photosynthesis

• (space) to grow bigger

• (space) for growth of root system

• (mineral ions) for growth

• (mineral ions / sugar) for production of larger molecules or named

example 2

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10. Decay (Triple) – Topic Menu

Required Practical Tutorial

Aims, Apparatus & Safety

Answers

Exam Style Question

Quick Questions

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10. Decay (Triple)Aim: Investigating the effect of

temperature on the rate of decay of fresh

milk by measuring pH change.

Apparatus: a small beaker containing full fat milk or single cream

a small beaker containing sodium carbonate solution

a small beaker containing lipase solution

250 cm3 beakers, to be used as water baths

test tubes

a test tube rack

a marker pen

10 cm3 plastic syringes

a stirring thermometer

a stop clock

Cresol red or Phenolphthalein indicator

an electric kettle, for heating water

ice, for investigating temperatures below room temperature.

Safety:

Sodium carbonate solution is an irritant

above certain concentrations

There is an allergen risk with all

enzymes for some individuals, care

should be taken when handling.

Note: The natural process of decay in milk is to slow to monitor in normal class time. Therefore this procedure should serve as a model for the investigation of decay in milk.

Page 79: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Decay (Triple)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSx83-D-LYE

Click on link below for video

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Decay – Quick Questions1. An experiment into decay was carried out at three different

temperatures: 10°, 15° and 20°. At which temperature would you expect the rate of decay to be fastest?

2. True or false? Decay happens fastest in the absence of oxygen.

3. Microorganisms digest waste material faster in conditions that are aerobic, warm and what else?

4. When investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of decay of fresh milk by measuring pH change, list two variables that must be kept the same to ensure the experiment is fair.

5. What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

Page 81: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Decay – Exam Style Questions

6 Marks

Page 82: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Decay (Triple) - Answers

Quick Questions - Answers

Exam Style Question - Answers

Page 83: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Decay – Quick Questions - Answers1. An experiment into decay was carried out at three different temperatures: 10°,

15° and 20°. At which temperature would you expect the rate of decay to be fastest?

2. True or false? Decay happens fastest in the absence of oxygen.

3. Microorganisms digest waste material faster in conditions that are aerobic, warm and what else?

4. When investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of decay of fresh milk by measuring pH change, list two variables that must be kept the same to ensure the experiment is fair.

5. What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

20

False

Moist / Damp

Volume of milk / amount of lipase enzyme added / volume of sodium carbonate solution

Time taken for the solution to change colour indicating decay

Page 84: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

Decay – Exam Style Questions - Answers

6 Marks

Level 3 (5–6 marks):

A coherent method is described with relevant detail, which demonstrates a broad

understanding of the relevant scientific techniques and procedures. The steps in

the method are logically ordered. The method would lead to the collection of valid

results.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

The bulk of a method is described with mostly relevant detail, which demonstrates

a reasonable understanding of the relevant techniques and procedures. The

method may not be in a completely logical sequence and may be missing some

detail.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete relevant points are made which demonstrate some understanding of the

relevant scientific techniques and procedures. They may lack a logical structure

and would not lead to the production of valid results.

0 marks:

No relevant content.

Page 85: AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision · 2020. 2. 27. · AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Required Practical Revision 1. Microscopy 3. Osmosis 4. Food Tests

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