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AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school. All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution. Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. March 2014 Produced by Jenny Albin & Jenny Byrne © Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2014

AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members

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Page 1: AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members

AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section

Higher Tier

This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.

All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.

 Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd.

March 2014Produced by Jenny Albin & Jenny Byrne

© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2014

Page 2: AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members

AQA Therapies English Language Reading Section

Higher Tier

Question 4 – Comparing 2 Sources

Therapies 4A – 4F

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Question 4

• Underline the keywords in the exam question

• Compare the ways in which language is used for effect in the two texts. Give some examples and analyse the effects. 

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Purpose, Audience and Form• Identify the Purpose, Audience and Form of both of your

chosen Sources (PAF).Firstly, think about why the Source was written. Was the 

Purpose to inform/ persuade/ describe/ argue?Secondly, what kind of Audience is the Source aimed at? (Consider age group / gender / interests).

Thirdly, what is the Form of the Source? Is it an article/letter/webpage/leaflet? This information appears on the front of the insert booklet. 

These comments should now be written into a brief introductory paragraph to compare the PAF. 

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This is an example comparing Source 2 and 3 from the November 2013 Higher Tier paper. 

The purpose of both sources is to inform. In addition, they both describe places of interest. Both Sources seem to be aimed at adults, especially those with an interest in other cultures and travel. The form is different as Source 2 is a newspaper article and Source 3 is an extract from a non-fiction book. 

Blue words compare!

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4A TEST• Identify the Purpose, Audience and Form of both of your

chosen Sources (PAF).Firstly, think about why the Source was written. Was the 

Purpose to inform/ persuade/ describe/ argue?Secondly, what kind of Audience is the Source aimed at? (Consider age group / gender / interests).

Thirdly, what is the Form of the Source? Is it an article/letter/webpage/leaflet?

These comments should now be written into a brief paragraph to show comparisons as the introduction to your answer to Question 4.

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Find good language techniques!Select 3-4 impressive uses of language used in each of your chosen texts - label any devices.

Now you need to refer to Source 3 and either Source 1 or 2. You are going to compare two texts, one of which you have chosen. 

Underline the key words in the question.

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You will have already read each Source from the previous 3 questions.

First of all, use a different colour highlighter and select 3-4 impressive sentences or phrases that stand out to you in Source 3.

Label any language devices. Some examples are on the next slide. 

Remember to try and spot the less obvious features. 

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Try using the acronym AFOREST: Alliteration, Facts, Opinions, Rhetorical Questions, Emotive Language, Statistics, Three (Rule of). 

Look for IMAGERY: similes, metaphors, personification.

Look for significant ADJECTIVES, VERBS and ADVERBS.

Consider HUMOUR, EXAGGERATION, IRONY. Remember to check for first person (I), second person (you) or third person (they/he/she). 

You could spot any sentence types, for example short or one word sentence. 

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Here is an example

‘I daydreamed of pulling the legs off croissants and of cold toast cut thinly and spread with paté.’

personification1st person 

adverb 

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4B TEST• Select 3-4 impressive uses of language used in

each of your chosen texts - label any devices. Find 4 from each text and label in the same way. 

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Can I practise the steps required for Question 4?

• Do it now: What language feature/s can you find here? What is the SPECIFIC effect?

‘I daydreamed of pulling the legs off croissants and of cold toast cut thinly and spread with paté.’

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Step 3: Explore and infer!• Consider the deeper meanings of the language

and the effect by exploding each quote.Think about how the language affects the reader and the connotations of particular words.

You should have some space left on your Sources to make notes around them and ‘explode’ the obvious and more subtle effects.

See the example language feature from Source 3 on the next slide. 

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‘I daydreamed of pulling the legs off croissants and of cold toast cut thinly and spread with paté.’

Personification

Sounds aggressive – reinforces the idea that the writer is hungry or feeling low, wanting the comfort of familiar food and to over-indulge

First person (I)

Personal, intense feelings

Page 15: AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members

4C TEST• Consider the deeper meanings of the language

and the effect by exploding each quote.Add ‘explosion’ notes around your other 3-4 quotes in Source 3 and your chosen text.

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Step 4: Start to COMPARE• Make a list of connectives/discourse markers to

compare and contrast.Similarities  Differences

Also However

As well as  But

Similarly  Whereas

Furthermore On the other hand

In addition  In contrast

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 Comparison acts as your BATON moment. Analyse the language in one text and then find a connection point to the other text to ‘pass it on.’  ‘Run’ with the other text. You will need to pass it back and forth as many times as you can within the time. 

Page 18: AQA Style Therapies English Language Reading Section Higher Tier This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members

STEP FOUR TEST• Make a list of connectives/discourse markers to

compare and contrast. Without looking at the previous slide, see how many words you can remember. 

Similarities  Differences

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Step 5: Compare using PEEL• Compare the first 2 language devices and

analyse the effect and the connotations.Write 2 paragraphs using the PEEL structure (Point, Evidence, Explore, Link). The Extra ‘E’ for Effect is added for Question 4 as you are exploring commenting on the effect of language features. 

You should already have your PAF introduction paragraph written to link your effects to the PAF of each text.

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Let’s have a look how we can begin our language analysis. Choose the best feature to write about within each quote. Mention more than one if you can. 

Firstly, the writer uses personification in Source 3, ‘pulling the legs off croissants’. This suggests incredible hunger. The language suggests an aggressive act. This shows the reader how desperate she is to eat. The fact that she imagines each slice using the adverb ‘thinly’ shows us that she has daydreamed in detail. She must need the fantasy to keep her going and to handle the hunger. 

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‘But Magda made a thick sauce with her tomatoes, cooking them down with finely chopped onions and olive oil before adding them to the rice and herbs, giving the final dish a richer texture and deeper flavour.’

We now need a BATON moment to get to the other Source.

This is a phrase you’ve highlighted that you can  link to. What language features can you spot below?

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‘But Magda made a thick sauce with her tomatoes, cooking them down with finely chopped onions and olive oil before adding them to the rice and herbs, giving the final dish a richer texture and deeper flavour.’

adjectives verbs 

Here are two language devices.

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What is our BATON moment to connect?Both quotations are about food, but the focus needs to be on language. 

Personification and adverbs were mentioned in the other Source. 

We need to link to adjectives and verbs. 

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Firstly,  the writer  uses  personification  in  Source 3,  ‘pulling  the  legs  off  croissants’.  This  suggests incredible  hunger.  The  language  suggests aggressive  act.  This  is  how  desperate  she  is  to eat.  She  imagines  each  slice  using  the  adverb ‘thinly’.  This  shows us  that  she has  daydreamed in detail. She must need the fantasy to keep her going and to handle the hunger. Similarly, Source 1 describes food, but this moment uses more adjectives. She  uses  the  words  ‘thick,  finely, deeper,  richer’  to  describe  the  food  that  she  is experiencing.  The  words  suggest  how  delicious and  well-prepared  the  dish  is,  suggesting  top quality and something not to be missed.  A series of  verbs  also  highlight  the  action  taking  place ‘cooking, adding, giving’ to create this meal. 

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Step 5 TEST• You must compare the first 2 language devices

and analyse the effect and the connotations.Find a pair of highlighted quotations, one from each text, and repeat this process.

Use the PEEL structure (Point, Evidence, Explore, Link). 

Remember your BATON  moment – use your discourse markers

Make sure you keep focusing on    language choices and their effects throughout.  

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STEP 6: Complete your response• You must repeat this process with all devices

identified, remembering to keep COMPARING.Write 3 more pairs of comparison paragraphs.Ensure you use the connective/discourse marker to show similarities or differences in the Sources you have chosen. 

Continue to use the PEEL structure. Include a BATON moment for each.

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Look for pairs of ideas, one from each text, that you could link together. For example… 

Source 3: ‘Woodsmoke hung like mist around the trees and the light streaming through made me feel safe.’

Source 1: ‘Eygpt doesn't really have a restaurant culture although it does have an exciting street food scene.’

Both of these quotations link to the atmosphere/ the environment. 

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Source 3: ‘Woodsmoke hung like mist around the trees and the light streaming through made me feel safe.’

    Source 1: ‘Eygpt doesn't really have a restaurant culture although it does have an exciting street food scene.’

You have already talked about adjectives in source 1,  but you can do it again if you analyse the specific effect of this adjective in this sentence. 

simile 

Verb 

Emotive 

adjective 

fact 

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STEP 6 TEST• Repeat this process with all devices identified,

remembering to keep COMPARING.Use the note from 4F ideas to write another section of your answer.

Remember to pass the analysis from one text to the other using a short similarity or different BATON moment. 

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HOMEWORK• On SMH • Past paper Qs 1-4 to be completed over half term

• Powerpoint notes that we’ve been through in class uploaded to blog https://missgd2c.wordpress.com

• PLUS: Actively search for helpful AQA English Language Unit One revision sites

• Use the blog to post links and questions that you might have about the exam