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Aquaponic
Group 5
Nulsida omar
Nur Huzaifah Ahmad Zaini
Muhamad Faiz Zaim Mohd Azli
Yuyan Ji
Xupeng Wang
Shujie Le
Aquaculture: usually the pond model. It is easy and at low cost but uses much
water, pollutes the river heavily and is likely to be infected by virus and bacteria.
Hydroponic: uses less water, saves the soil and is easy to control the quality of plants, but it needs more time and technology to manage the plants.
What are the challenges in Aquaponic ?
Combination of aquaculture (raising fish) and hydroponics (the soil-less growing of plants)
that grows fish and plants together in one integrated system.
The fish waste provides an organic food
source for the plants, and the plants naturally filter the water for the fish.
What is an Aquaponic ?
What the benefits of Aquaponics ?
Aquaponics relies on the recycling of nutrient-rich water continuously. In aquaponics there is no toxic run-off from either hydroponics or aquaculture.
No harmful petro chemicals, pesticides or herbicides can be used. It’s a natural eco system!
Aquaponic systems are scaleable! They can fit most sizes and budgets, from small countertop herb systems, to backyard gardens, to full scale farms.
The best part – get to harvest both plants and fish
Aquaponic and Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen
cycle
photosynthesis
Nitrogen as FertilizerNitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth
How Nitrogen Fertilizers works ?
• urea is broken down by enzymes in the soil to become ammonia
• ammonia is broken down into ammonium through mineralization
• ammonia is broken down into nitrite and the nitrate through nitrification ( Nitrogen Cycle )
How does the nitrogen cycle work ?
special bacteria convert the nitrogen gas to ammonia which the plants can use
converts the ammonia into nitrite ions which plants can take in as nutrients
the living organisms have used the nitrogen, decomposer bacteria convert the nitrogen-rich waste into simples one
bacteria convert the simple nitrogen which is released into the atmosphere to begin the cycle again
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrification
Ammonification
Denitrification
How Does the
Aquaponic system work ?
How does it work?
Plants absorb the nitrates as nutrients
Naturally occurring bacteria convert ammonia from the fish
waste into nitrites and then nitrates
Fish Breath in oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide. Plants absorb the carbon, which leaves
oxygen-rich water for the fish tank
Once fed, fish produce ammonia-rich waste.
Water travels through the pump then through the grow bed where it is
filtered
After water is filtered by the plants, it returns to the fish tank
Types of Aquaponics system
Home System small
commercial Hybrid System
Small commercial
Hydroponic Conversions
Hybrid Systems
Commercial Systems
Hybrid Systems
Source :http://www.backyardaquaponics.com/guide-to-aquaponics/running-of-the-system/
Deep Water Culture (DWC)➢ One of the more commonly practiced
commercial methods
➢ Can be done by floating a foam raft on top of the fish tank
➢ Pump the water through a filtration system then into long channels
➢ Floating rafts filled with plants float on the water surface and extracts the nutrients
Media Filled Growbeds (MFG)➢ The simplest form of aquaponics
➢ Water from a fish tank is pumped over the media filled growbeds.
➢ Two different ways:-
-Continuous flow of water over the flooding
-Draining the grow bed, in a flood and
drain Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)➢ A commonly used hydroponic method, but is not
as common in aquaponic systems.
➢ Nutrient rich water is pumped down small enclosed gutters.
➢ Plants allowing their roots to access the water and absorb the nutrients.
➢ Generally suitable for leafy green vegetables
Commercial Systems
Hybrid Systems ( DWC )
Home System small
commercial Hybrid System
( MFG )
Small commercial
Hydroponic Conversions
Hybrid Systems (NFT)
Who can use
Aquaponic ?
Individualss
Commercial
Schools and
Universities
Source: http://www.japan-aquaponics.com/aquaponics-systems.html
What types of plants can be grown in Aquaponics?
•Most varieties of lettuce •Most varieties of herbs •Tomatoes •Cucumber •Peppers •Broccoli
What fish can be grown in Aquaponics?
Perch
Catfish
Tilapia
Freshwater Prawn
Koi
Goldfish
- Thrive in temperatures of 74 to 90
degrees Fahrenheit
- Mostly they are a popular choice
- Requires heat of water
- During wintertime, it allow to grow year round because heating the water provides a “ hop tub” for plants in their growbeds
- Do not have to spend large amount of money heating for greenhouse.
Tilapia
Price of fish need to be considered in aquaponics
COUNTRY Price Per KG
MALAYSIAN 6-11 Ringgit Malaysia
CHINA 8-15 Yuan
Source :http://ikanonline.lkim.com.my/
How to keep the right temperature of the water for the fish ?
Starting with the location of the fish tank
If the fish tank is going to be extreme conditions of heat or cold, then the
best solution was insulate the tank.
This will help keep the water from fluctuating in large increments.
Secondly, get an aquarium heater that will turn on and off when a certain
temperature is established.
How to maintain the
health of system ?
Proper Dechlorination
Chlorine or chloramines are extremely harmful to aquatic life and will cause fish fatalities and benefial microbes if not remove from the water.
21
Method for dechlorination
Aging Ascorbic AcidAllow the water to be used to sit out for 24-48 hours beforehand.Chlorine gas dissipate,leavingclean and dechlorinated waterAdd small air stone into the bucket to speed up the process.
Use tablets of pure ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)The most cost effective option because only required small amount of vitamin C1 ascorbic acid tablet (1g) = will treat 100 gallons of water
Testing Water Parameter
22
Liquid Aquarium Test Kid
Multi-Read Aquarium Test Strips
pH Ammonia Nitrites Nitrates
Describe the acidity or alkalinity of water
Caused by decaying food and other organic
very poisonous to aquatic life
Much less toxic to aquatic life and is also a form of nitrogen that is very easily taken up by plant roots.
Most growing plants and vegetables prefer a slightly acidic pH which is 6.1 - 6.8 would be ideal.
Ammonia level should read 0ppm.
Nitrites level should read 0ppm.
Nitrate levels should read 10-25 ppm. Reading below this may be indicator that there are not enough nitrogen to sustain plant.
What other nutrients need to add in order to maintain the health of the system ?
Iron Potassium Calcium
- Yellow Coloring on the leaves
- veins of the plants stay a darker green
- add chelated iron either in auto spin or water spout
- the new growth will return to a darker green
- Brown coloring on the leaves
- Brown discoloration all the way around the leaf.
- add small amount of cream of tartar to your system
- Spotting on the leaves
- buffer the PH
- take egg shells and heat up in microwave for 20-30 seconds
- put in plants beds under water supply (old nylon stocking)
Has been practiced in China for centuries.
Aquaponic in China
raise ducks in the rice field
Raise fishes in the rice field
Aquaponic in China
eat
delicious excrement
排泄物
Lake Taihu World's largest aquaponics project in china's third largest aquaculture lake.
Did you know that Lake Taihu experienced it's worst ever algal bloom at the height of summer 2004
SOLUTIONS:
floating wetlands, that are designed to remove nutrients that fuel algal blooms
over 4 acres in size, using new technologies in combination with old world bamboo that is used in traditional Chinese building
Experiments growing rice on fish ponds provided a foundation for scaling up to lakes and larger water bodies for earth and water repair.
Growing rice aquaponics on fish ponds in China
Floating Wetlands Biomimics nature, using biomaterials and plant biology to remediate and restore nature’s balance with non-toxic and sustainable processes
Concept : Natural wetlands that process nutrients and pollutants with soil and plants
Advantages of Floating Wetlands
• Plants don’t die off and don’t release nutrients back into the water, which on its own is a compelling reason to utilize floating wetlands in dams, lakes and ponds.
• Mop up pollutants that run-off from farming, urban and industrial areas.
• x200 times more efficient than conventional constructed wetlands, and don’t suffer the die off problems and nutrient release that free floating aquatic plants or conventional wetlands experience
• Best management approach for open water bodies including lakes, ponds, aquaculture systems, waste water lagoons and even estuaries with marine waters
• Provide fish habitat in the root zone, protection from predatory water birds, spawning protection for frogs and eels, and nesting sites for endangered water birds
• Preventing and eliminating algal blooms, associated fish kills and preventing inshore marine dead zones
• Modern construction methods and materials provide long lasting, durable and non-toxic materials to maintain treatment effectiveness over time.
Has been practiced in China for centuries.Has been practiced in China for centuries.
THANK YOU
Aquaponic
THANK YOU