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Starling Hunter © 2011 1 Aquarius 15: Two lovebirds sitting on a fence The word t w o descends from the Indo-European (IE) root  dwo- which means “two . 1 Its primary paronyms are duo, duet, entwine, twist, twelve, twenty, twine, balance, twain, between, binary, combine, dipole, diploma, duplex, duplicate, doubt  , and dubious  . The word love is derived from the IE root  leubh-  which means “to care, desire; love” and from which also descends libido  (sexual urge or desire). 2  The noun bird descends from the Old En glish brid  , which means “young bird.” One Indo -European root carrying this meaning is awi-  which means “bird” and from which also descend avian, aviation, caviar, egg, ostrich, oval  , and ovary  . 3 Informally, the word bird  , as well as its synonym chick  , is a reference to a young woman. 4  The word sitting is descends from the IE root  sed-1  which means “to sit.” 5 Among its paronyms are the words séance, sediment, session, sewer   (a medieval servant who supervised the serving of meals), assess, assize, dissident, assiduous, reside, subsidy, supersede, cathedral, sit, seat, saddle, nick, niche, cosset, sedate, a n d s e e (the official seat, center of  authority, jurisdiction, or office of a bishop). The word fence descends from the IE root  gwhen-  “to strike, kill.” 6 I t s paronyms include autobahn, bane, bezoar, bonze, defend, defense, fence, fend, gonfalon, gun, offend, and offense.  1 Watkins, C. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo European Roots, pp. 2 1-2 2 Watkins, C. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo European Roots, pp. 49 3 Watkins, C. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo European Roots, pp. 6 4 http://onelook.com/?w=bird&ls=a 5 Watkins, C. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo European Roots, p. 73 6 Watkins, C. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo European Roots, pp. 35

Aquarius 15: Two lovebirds sitting on a fence

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Aquarius 15: Two lovebirds sitting on a fence

The word t wo descends from the Indo-European (IE) root   dwo- which

m eans “ t w o . ” 1 I ts pr imary paronyms are

duo, duet , entwine, twist , twelve,

twenty , twine, balance, twain , between,

binary , combine, dipole , diploma,

du pl ex , du pl i cat e , do u b t  , a nd dubious .

The word love i s derived from the IE

root   leubh-  which means “to care,

desire; love” and from which also

d e s c e nd s l ib ido  (sexual urge or desire) . 2 

Th e no u n bird d e s c e nd s f r o m t h e O l d E n g l i s h brid , which means

“young bird.” One Indo -European root carrying this meaning is awi-  

which means “bird” and from which a l s o d e s c e nd av i an , av i at i o n , cav i ar ,

eg g , o st r i ch , o v al  , a nd ovary . 3 Informally , the word bird , a s w e l l a s i t s

s y no ny m ch i ck  , i s a r e f e r e nc e t o a y o u ng w o m a n. 4 

The word si tt ing i s descends from the IE root   sed-1  which means “to

s i t . ”5

Among i ts paronyms are the words séan ce , sedi m en t , sess i o n , sew er   (a medieval servant who supervised the serving of meals) , assess , ass i ze ,

d i ss i den t , ass i du o us , r es i de , su b si dy , su per sede , cat h edr al , s i t , seat ,

saddl e , n i ck , n i ch e , co sset , sedat e , a nd see  ( t h e o f f i c i a l s e a t , c e nt e r o f  

authori ty , jur isdict ion, or of f ice of a bishop) .

The word fence descends from the IE root   gwhen-  “to str ike, ki l l . ” 6 I ts

p a r o ny m s i nc l u d e autobahn, bane, bezoar , bonze, defend, defense, fence,

fend, gonfalon, gun, of fend, and offense.  

1 W a t k i n s , C . ( 2 0 0 0 ) , T h e A m e r i c a n H e r i t a g e D i c t i o n a r y o f I n d o E u r o p e a n R o o t s , p p . 2 1 - 2

2 W a t k i n s , C . ( 2 0 0 0 ) , T h e A m e r i c a n H e r i t a g e D i c t i o n a r y o f I n d o E u r o p e a n R o o t s , p p . 4 9

3 W a t k i n s , C . ( 2 0 0 0 ) , T h e A m e r i c a n H e r i t a g e D i c t i o n a r y o f I n d o E u r o p e a n R o o t s , p p . 6

4 h t t p : / / o n e l o o k . c o m / ? w = b i r d & l s = a

5 W a t k i n s , C . ( 2 0 0 0 ) , T h e A m e r i c a n H e r i t a g e D i c t i o n a r y o f I n d o E u r o p e a n R o o t s , p . 7 3

6 W a t k i n s , C . ( 2 0 0 0 ) , T h e A m e r i c a n H e r i t a g e D i c t i o n a r y o f I n d o E u r o p e a n R o o t s , p p . 3 5

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THEMES:   RELIGION AND

SPIRITUALITY a r e t h e m e s h e r e . Fo r

example, among the paronyms of  

si tt ing a re cat h edr al  (the principal

church of a bishop's diocese; a

large, important church) , see  (the

off ic ial seat , center of authori ty ,

jur isdict ion, or of f ice of a bishop) ,

séan ce  ( a m e e t i ng o f p e o p l e t o

receive spir i tual ist ic messages) .

Pa r o ny m s o f  fence i nc l u d e bonze  ( a

B u d d h i s t m o nk) a nd  gonfalon  (a

ba nne r s u s p e nd e d f r o m a

c r o s s p i e c e , e s p e c i a l l y a s a s t a nd a r d i n

a n e c c l e s i a s t i c a l p r o c e s s i o n) .

Taken together the f irst three keywords and their paronyms suggest a

young, l ibidinous couple both in love (du et , du o , l o v e , l i b i do , b i r d  ) a nd

perhaps attempting conception ( egg, ovary ) .