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ARACEAE
Current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Tree
for Flowering Plants
monocots
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC OF MONOCOTS: •herbaceous •branching sympodial•vascular bundles in stem scattered, closed [no interfascicular cambium developing] •tertiary veins without free endings •leaf base sheathing•pollen monosulcate•gynoecium three-parted•cotyledon 1•primary root present but unbranched, not persisting
• expanded here
covered in Araceae
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC OF MONOCOTS: •branching sympodial
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC OF MONOCOTS: •vascular bundles in stem scattered, closed [no interfascicular cambium developing]
ARACEAE Key Characters net venation, no dead-end
veinsspathe (inflorescence bract)spadix (thick spike)monocot numbers in
flowers
Colocasia esculenta -- TARO
Colocasia affinis
Zantedischia "cally lily"
Amorphophallus titanica
dicot-like secondary and tertiary veins in Anthurium, Araceae
textbook monocot veins
dicot
Acorus (sweetflag) – currently the most primitive monocot
taro (Colocasia esculenta) calcium oxalate raphides 500x:
photo by Tina Weatherby Carvalho
monosulcate pollen - Monstera
Gen
eral
Ang
iosp
erm
Rel
atio
ns -
-- S
olti
s et
al.
2008
No monosulcate pollen in descendants of this ancestor.
Mostly monosulcate pollen in early flowers and gymnosperms.
Monstera - hemiepiphyte with holes in leaves
Philodendron - juvenile stem ascending trunk of a balsa tree
Monstera inflorescences as fruit in the market
Montrichardia - monopodial, coastal swamp forests, looks like a treelet.
Pistia and Lemna – floating aquatics in the Araceae, but separate origins
Lemna
Current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Tree
for Flowering Plants
monocots