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An account of Muslim Origins
• The Prophetic biography (Sira)
• Problem of the earliest textual sources
• The rise of the Islamic state
• Was Mecca even Mecca?
The Revisionist Dilemma
• Is the Muslim narrative of origins true?
• When do we first see the Muslims as a unified group (umma)?
• Does the archaeological record give us something that texts do not?
Categories of Evidence
• Mecca and Medina
• Religious architecture/monuments
• Numismatics
• Inscriptions