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Architectural - Social - Technical Task: To generate proposal for a multi functional urban block for Älvstranden Utveckling AB. The project has to widen environmental improvements by an interdisciplinary co-operation between architects and engineers. Site: At the edge of a dense living urban area: between an urban back side, the old industrial harbour of Göteborg, Norra Masthugget and surrounded by parking lots, car lanes and highway dissociating the Göta älv river from the city. The developer got the opportunity by the municipality to catalyst an attractive future. Project: From a deep understanding of the urban and social needs, we created new standards of living in a dense urban community. A student community accommodates with mixed urban facilities: a library, a gym and a pub and a restaurant. Architect students: Charlotte Lartigue, Daniel Spence, Kristina Sahleström Engineer students: Elefterios Zacharachis, Henrik Bengtsson, Pär Johansson Professor: Michael Eden
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Concours sur site aux abords du port de Göteborg
Second Prix,
Equipe mixte ingénieurs avec Daniel Spence, Kristina Sahleström architectes et Elefterios Zacharachis, Henrik Bengtsson, Pär Johansson étudiant ingénieurs
Archi /So/Tech
city front
city front
city front
city front
city front
city front
city front
city front
city front
Step 1, 2010Step 2, 2030
Step 3, 2050
ReConnecting identity with the location
Extending the city grid and re-connecting the city with the harbour. See the building as “spark” for the evolution of the area and as a sustainable precinct, extending the green corridors in the city.Reflection of negative space in the building adjacent forms the build-ing structure for ultimate sun gain. A building able to function autonomously in a hostile climate and adapt and instigate a sustainable development of Södra Älvstranden.
“Art”+”Function”=”Spark”
The design takes into consideration the aim of the city to be “sustainable” and car free by 2050. It sees the evolution step by step, taking into consideration and making room for each new demand. It incorporates a new way of viewing “function” and “art” uniting the two to define the harbour front and bringing the city closer to the water. By first establishing a visual connection, it makes the physical connection easier to follow through. Throughout the design process, architecture, social questions and technical innovations have been in symbiosis.
Urban developm
ent plan for 2050
Communal waterfront, energy landmark.
Creating a visual connection between the city and the waterfront as well as a very defined sense of place at the water front’s “energy boulevard” where tidal and wind power is used for the building and the developing area.
A shore line producing enregy for Göta älv area
Architectural response, shaping the building
1- “site” two fronts:
A front open with view on the harbor, north light and noises from high traffic
A second front hostile, with shadows of neighbourd
2- Facades responde to the environmental constraints
3- Cuts througth to bring in light, to create space for green-houses and creating pockets of mini biospheres. .
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N
N
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4- To optimize sun gain by sun analysis. Voids shaped to correspond with adjacent building allow light to pen-etrate all spaces
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N
5- incorporate circulation and social areas commu-nity spaces link each side.
Sun diagramm: 21st December
Sun diagramm: 21st March&September Sun diagramm: 21st June
“There is a lack of student accomodation in Göteborg”
“we could produce our own food”
“student are more adaptive to unconventionnal environment”
Educating about sustainability
Architects Citizen Student
“we could sublet our room when we are away, like a hostel
student acommodation”
COMMUNITYcontext&
city
environmental design
technical solutions
to cook in front of the green house
interaction between the space
human design scale from corridor to gather spaces
to produce food in the green house
a central common space structuring the building
1 an holistic approach for a community
Social response
COMMUNITYcontext&
city
environmental design
technical solutions
In the greenhouse we may for example grow tomatoes.
We could produce 31kg/tenant/yrto cook in front of the greenhouse
2 Food production with a green house
3 Dynamic Living System
-The building as a self-supporting student community.
- The building as an exhibition: environmental systems exposed wherever possible.
- Flexibility to use rooms as hostel/rented room in summer.
- Rooms divided into small “community centres”, where one kitchen is shared between 2-4 in dividuals. Larger communal spaces, together with the green house area, cater for each floor and create oportunity for informal meeting and encourage multicultural mixing.
South Side Courtyard
A dynamic façade facing onto the river forms an entity but splits the problematic north face into different surfaces which will enrich the experience of the building.
South Side Courtyard
East Facade Street Front
11.8
35.7
17.0
9.3
23.5
17.0
16.7
20.2 19.9
11.2
40m3020100
library
coffee place
landscaped disable access
bicycle storage
open greenery
air lock
shop
bus stop
bicycle stoppedestrian street
bicycle lane
fysiken
waste management
waste management
storage
bicycle storage
storage
pub
restaurant
entrance ECO-centrum
public space
temporary park place
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
Ground floor 1:400
First floor 1:400
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
Floor 2-51:400
water tank storage
water infiltration
solar panel promenade
vegetation producing food and managing storm water
Floor plans: Public/Comm
ercialFirst floor as an interactive space between public ground and private student rooms above.
The “voids” allow light to penetrate all spaces, also creating intimate commu-nal public spaces in conjunction with a pedestrian street.
The design layout of the residential plans is flexible, allowing for future changes. It aims toward a more communal living with the benefit of saving ener-gy and working against the isolated lifestyle inner city people live today, where depression is common. By focusing on creating environments where “accidental” meetings can occur, this problem would diminish, includ-ing a better mix and understanding among people of their fellow neigh-bours.Circulation through the greenhouse avoids the creation of corridors.
11.8
35.7
17.0
9.3
23.5
17.0
16.7
20.2 19.9
11.2
40m3020100
library
coffee place
landscaped disable access
bicycle storage
open greenery
air lock
shop
bus stop
bicycle stoppedestrian street
bicycle lane
fysiken
waste management
waste management
storage
bicycle storage
storage
pub
restaurant
entrance ECO-centrum
public space
temporary park place
11.8
35.7
17.0
9.3
23.5
17.0
16.7
20.2 19.9
11.2
40m3020100
library
coffee place
landscaped disable access
bicycle storage
open greenery
air lock
shop
bus stop
bicycle stoppedestrian street
bicycle lane
fysiken
waste management
waste management
storage
bicycle storage
storage
pub
restaurant
entrance ECO-centrum
public space
temporary park place
Ground floor
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
First floor
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
library foyer
laundry
fysiken
waste management
ECO-shop
ventilation room technical room
ventilation room
ECO-centrum
waste management
public piazza
green house
dynamic common space
to exhibit water filtration
stairs through common space
to access your flat through green house
type A
type A
type A
type A
type A
type B
type B
type B
type B
type B
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
4.5
9.3
9.3
5.0
Floor 2-5
floor heating water system
thermal mass wall
body heat
water tank storage for flush water
solar panels supply the heat for domestic water
filtration system of grey water from the 5th floor apartment
rain water to dilute through the filtration
clean water to �ush toilets of facilities
waste management
louvres screen at night time
louvers screen at day time
triple glass window
rain barrier
vapor barrier
cellulose insulation, 350mm
wood structure panel, 175mm
steel structure of the balcony, 150mm
concrete hollow core slab, 320mm
insulation, 75mm
rammed earth panels, 2x 150mm
reinforcement
triple glass window
EPS insulation, 300mm
vapor barrier
rain barrier
steel structure to stabilise, 175mm
WEST AND EAST FACADE in WOOD PANEL scale 1/20
non load bearinglouvres keeping energy at nightbalcony detached of the structure avoiding cold bridge
U value = 0,11
NORTH FACADE in RAMMED EARTH scale 1/20
a thermal mass and noise barriercreating an indoor climate for the appartements
U value = 0,13
west and east facade, 1:20wood panel non load bearing louvres keeping energy at night detached balcony avoiding cold bridgeU value =0,11
south facade, 1:20a green house as gain of energyU value =0,6
Construction Details
Ecologically sensitive application of materials Use of local and low-embodied energy materials (eg. timber shutters): recycled timbers, recycled shipyard steel, rammed earth, recycled insulation and south facade windows of EFTE (Ethylene-TetraFluoroEthylene Copolymer). The weight of the panels is 1 % compared to glass and hence require less structure to hold it and allows for less consuming transport. The thermal and translu-cent properties are similar to those of glass. Between the sheets of EFTE there is argon or vac-uum that gives a higher thermal resistance.
The facades are designed to meet different envi-ronmental constraints and give a richness to the architectural expression.
Waste treatmentAn integrated recycling station is found in each stairwell on the first floor. Tubes lead to the waste room on the ground floor where the waste is gathered and transported to a recycling facility. The compost is dried so that the organic mate-rial does not weigh as much as originally, which equates to a 75 % decrease in volume and mass, and is distributed in the greenhouse. This means fewer and smaller transports, from 52 to two transports annually. The system gives off heat to the room where it is situated. The wet material is ground and dries in an air stream of 20°C before it is mixed with dry material and transported to the storage chamber. The energy consumption is ap-proximately 6 500 kWh/year (0,75 kW), and the amount of biogas that can be extracted from the biomass is 45 000 kWh/year.
transparent panel, 3m high structural panel 4 layer EFTE
steel spiders 4 per panel
steel structure stabilizing
�oor
inslated panel, 2m high structural panel, 2 layer ETFE 200 mm cellular glass
wood truss structure, primary members, 150mm secondary members, 75mm
transparent panel, 4m longstructural panel, 4 layer EFTE
curtain to keep the heat at night
drainage system
solar panel on assembly system of the truss
bracket
NORTH FACADE for common spaceopenning the view on the riverscale 1/50
U value transparent panel = 0,6U value insulated panel = 0,13
SOUTH FACADE for the green housescale 1/50
as a gain of energy
U value = 0,6
floor heating water system
thermal mass wall
body heat
water tank storage for flush water
solar panels supply the heat for domestic water
filtration system of grey water from the 5th floor apartment
rain water to dilute through the filtration
clean water to �ush toilets of facilities
waste management
Technical Integration
louvres screen at night time
louvers screen at day time
triple glass window
rain barrier
vapor barrier
cellulose insulation, 350mm
wood structure panel, 175mm
steel structure of the balcony, 150mm
concrete hollow core slab, 320mm
insulation, 75mm
rammed earth panels, 2x 150mm
reinforcement
triple glass window
EPS insulation, 300mm
vapor barrier
rain barrier
steel structure to stabilise, 175mm
WEST AND EAST FACADE in WOOD PANEL scale 1/20
non load bearinglouvres keeping energy at nightbalcony detached of the structure avoiding cold bridge
U value = 0,11
NORTH FACADE in RAMMED EARTH scale 1/20
a thermal mass and noise barriercreating an indoor climate for the appartements
U value = 0,13
north facade, 1:20a thermal mass and noise barrier creating a confortable indoor climate for the aparte-mentsU value =0,13
transparent panel, 3m high structural panel 4 layer EFTE
steel spiders 4 per panel
steel structure stabilizing
�oor
inslated panel, 2m high structural panel, 2 layer ETFE 200 mm cellular glass
wood truss structure, primary members, 150mm secondary members, 75mm
transparent panel, 4m longstructural panel, 4 layer EFTE, with openings
curtain to keep the heat at night
solar panel on assembly system of the trussdrainage systembracket
NORTH FACADE for common spaceopenning the view on the riverscale 1/50
U value transparent panel = 0,6U value insulated panel = 0,13
SOUTH FACADE for the green housescale 1/50
as a gain of energy
U value = 0,6
north facade, 1:50open view on river for common spaceU value transparent panel =0,6U value insulated panel =0,13
Water Awareness
The water system will be equipped with individual consumption measurements and low-flow tapping systems. These efficient systems can reduce the water consumption by 20 % each, which means a total decrease by 36 % compared to common buildings. Separated toilet system: urine used as fertiliser, solids taken to sewerage plant and used for biogas extraction: very little water consumed in the process.
Grey water recycle to reuse sink/shower water for toilets. dilution from rain water tank
nutrient free soil with water purifying plants
lava (bio film over rock)
rapid gravity sand filter
Complex Integration of Systems
-An integrated heating, ventilation and energy system us-ing new technologies such as wind balloons, tidal energy and energy generating floor systems, together with more conventional systems such as solar panels, river heat pump, heat exchanger between incoming and outgoing air, and where all rest heat in outgoing air is used to heat the green house.-Taking advantage of nearby water for heating/cooling.
-A heat pump collects heat from the river and transfers it into the floor heating system. The temperature supplied from the heat pump is lower than in a conventional hydronic heating system which makes the efficiency of the heat pump higher. When heat from the solar panels is available it will be used for the floor heating system.
energy system
floor energy tidal energy
exhaust air from building into the green house
heating system
ventilation system
river heat exchanger
outdoor air
wind energy
solar panels
Technical Systems and facts
Embodied energy of the structural materials [MJ/kg]
Hardwood
Glulam
Steel
Steel (recycled)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Steel (recycled)
Concrete precast
Concrete in-situ
Embodied energy of the structural materials [MJ/kg]
Hardwood
Glulam
Steel
Steel (recycled)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Steel (recycled)
Concrete precast
Concrete in-situ
infinitely recyclable
embodied energy of structural materials [MJ/kg]
temperature and heating/cooling require-ment during the year
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10
0
-10
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Hea
ting
and
coo
ling
pow
er d
eman
d [W
/m2 ]
Tem
pera
ture
indo
or a
nd o
utdo
or [ °
C]
Temperature and power demand
T outdoor
T indoor
Heating
-3
-2
-1
0
1
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Hea
ting
and
coo
ling
pow
er d
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d [W
/m
Tem
pera
ture
indo
or a
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utdo
or [
Heating
Cooling
Embodied energy of wall materials [MJ/kg]
Stone
Particle board
Hardboard
Plaster board
Rammed earth
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rammed earth
Concrete precast
Concrete brick
Ceramic brick
Embodied energy of wall materials [MJ/kg]
Stone
Particle board
Hardboard
Plaster board
Rammed earth
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rammed earth
Concrete precast
Concrete brick
Ceramic brick
Embodied energy of wall materials [MJ/kg]
Stone
Particle board
Hardboard
Plaster board
Rammed earth
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Rammed earth
Concrete precast
Concrete brick
Ceramic brick
embodied energy of wall materials [MJ/kg]
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Embodied energy of insulation materials [MJ/kg]
Wool (recycled)
Polystyrene
Fiberglass
Cellulose
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Embodied energy of insulation materials [MJ/kg]
Wool (recycled)
Polystyrene
Fiberglass
Cellulose
embodied energy of insulation materials [MJ/kg]
Embodied energy Temperature and power demand
Climate protectionareful investigation regarding wind and solar conditions on the location has been a major part of the planning process with an aim towards the lowest possible energy consumption. The greenhouses that are located on the south side of the building are designed for providing the best conditions for cultivation. Larger window areas towards the south than to the north decrease the demand for heating and artificial lighting in the building.The building is self-sufficient in regards to heating and warm water during a large part of the year. When the solar radiation is not enough a heat pump that collects heat from the nearby river, Göta Älv, will provide for the remaining part of heat. Electric energy for facility electricity is provided by high altitude wind balloons and tidal power plants that are located along the river.The domestic heating is provided by an efficient low temperature floor heating system. This system requires lower temperature in the water circuit (30°C/26°C) and therefore less energy is needed to provide the required heating, in-creasing the performance of the heat pump. Excess energy is transferred to an accumulator tank and stored for future need.The ventilation system will make it possible to filter out substances present in the outdoor air. The exhaust air flows through the greenhouses which heat them during the cold part of the year and cool them during hot sunny days, by this solution the greenhouses can be used all year long.The roof is covered by 1 000 m2 of solar panels that provide the basic supply of heat for domestic hot water (60°C) and hot water to the public areas.A large heat mass in the structure of the building store heat from daytime and releases it during night time. This means that the available power for heating and cooling will decrease since the peak demands will become smaller.
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
Monthly energy consumption [kWh/m2]
Facility electricity
Ventilation electricity
Lighting electricity
Cooling energy
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Cooling energy
Heating energy
Domestic hot water
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2
2,5
Electrical energy [kWh/m2]
Available wind power
Facility electricity
Ventilation electricity
0
0,5
1
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Ventilation electricity
Lighting electricity
electrical energy [kWh/m2]
Technical Systems and facts