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Architectural Drawing
Floor Planning
Layout and Design
How do I develop appropriate floor plans?
Homeowner Considerations: What Should It Include?
Mechanical Considerations:Plan Flow Considerations:
Floor Planning
Buyer’s interests/hobbies
What styles do they like?
Where are they building?
What can they afford?
How many bedrooms?
Recreation/Living?
Kitchen/Dining?
Baths?
Closets/Utilities?
The Home Economist’s Job:
Plan for traffic and flow. Easy access to high-use rooms and features.
Don’t forget about space for:
Heating/Cooling Equip.
Electrical/Plumbing
Vocabulary
Work Triangle- A kitchen triangle drawn from stove-fridge-sink. Should be 12’-20’
Furniture plans- Plan that shows furniture for flow and arrangement.
Structural Calculations- Calculations used to determine size of structural members in house construction.
Schedules- Lists of windows and doors used in house and reference marks on plans.
Basic Room SizesLiving…………………………………………………………. 14’ x 20’Dining…………………………………………………………. 12’ x 14’Kitchen………………………………………………………… 8’ x 16’Bath……………………………………………………………. 5’ x 9’Bedroom, master……………………………………………… 12’ x 15’Bedroom……………………………………………………….. 11’ x 13’Entrance hall…………………………………………………… 7’ x 8’Powder room, half bath………………………………………. 4’ x 5’Utility…………………………………………………………... 8’ x 12’Hall width……………………………………………………… 3’6” to 4’Stairs width……………………………………………………. 3’Garage, single………………………………………………….. 12’ x 20’Garage, double…………………………………………………. 20’ x 20’Workshop………………………………………………………. 12’ x 14’Closet depth…………………………………………………….. 2’
Basic Door SizesFront door………………………………………………………. 36” x 80”Back/side door…………………………………………………. 32” x 80”Interior room door……………………………………… 28”,30”,32” x 80”Single garage door……………………………………... 8’, 9’ wide x 7’hDouble garage door…………………………………….. 16’ wide x 7’ hPatio/French doors……………………………………………... 6’ x 80”
Planning Your Ranch HomeThe heated square footage (excluding garage) is between 1500- 3000 sq. ft.
Be a ranch style house (single story).
Fit on a “C” size sheet of paper (17” x 22”) using a ¼” = 1’-0” scale.
Maximum house length of 80’-0”.
Maximum house depth of 48’-0”.
Be a basic structure with no odd shapes, angles or roofs.
The house must include the following basic features:A fireplace or wood burner (stove) location.
A porch, patio and/or deck.
Built on slab (no basement).
1 and ½ baths minimum.
Three bedrooms minimum.
At least 2 different window types (double-hung, casement, bay/bow, etc).
A garage is optional.
A Bubble Diagram
Layout and Design Project
Page 27: Bubble Diagram
Page 28: Sketch on a grid
Pay close attention to sizes and layout!
Home Cost Estimation
Complete the form on page 30 in check sheets.
How much house can you afford?
Door and Window Schedules
Mark On Drawing
How Many In House
How Big To Make The Opening
Window Type, Material, Etc.
Actual Size of the Unit
Floor Plan Layout in SoftPlan
It’s now time to develop your plan in SoftPlan. Follow the check sheet
guidelines found on page 32
Labeling and Dimensioning
What is required to build the house?
Labels and Furniture Dimensioning
Basic Structure:
Walls, Doors, Windows,
Fireplaces, Counters, Plumbing Fixtures
Room Labels
Window & Door Schedule Marks
Utility Labels
Mirror/Medicine Cabinet Notes
Kitchen WorkTriangle
Furniture
Inside/Outside Dimensions
Door and Window Locations
Truss/Rafter Notes
Vocabulary
Group Dimensioning- Placing all dimensions on a wall or feature in one step.
Design Notes- Special notes to call attention to something in a drawing not easily recognizable.
Symbols- Grouped elements to represent a feature like furniture of fixtures.
Furniture Plans- Plans dedicated to showing a possible furniture arrangement and flow.
Furniture Planning:
When developing furniture plans, remember to consider room to move around. You need at least 2’ to travel between furniture. Also, remember to add items such as lamps, end tables, dressers and plants to your plan.
Electrical Plans
How do I develop electrical plans to codes and standards?
Rules and Regulations: What Do We Draw?
What Don’t We Draw?Why All The Rules?
Electrical Plans
Rules for outlet spacing
Rules for switch placement
Rules for lighting
Rules for symbols
Outlets, switches, lighting, phone, cable, fire
Connectors from switches to lights
Outside lighting/outlets
Electrical requirements continue to change
Need service for future needs
Keeping you safe
Connections to outlets
What goes to which breakers
Actual style of lights
Vocabulary
National Electrical Code- Code developed by the National Fire Protection Assoc.
Habitable Room- A room for living. Non-habitable examples: bath, closet, hall.
Outlets- An access point to electricity.
Switching- Lighting controlled by a switch. Typical switches can be single pole, 3-way and 4-way, depending on number of switch locations.
National Electrical Code and Other Requirements
Receptacles (Duplex Outlets)
In every habitable room, (kitchen, living, dining, bedroom, rec. room, etc.), receptacles will be placed so that no distance exceeds 6’ between outlets.
Walls 2’ wide or more must have an outlet.In kitchens and dining rooms with counters, outlets must run the
length of the counter at not more than 2’ between outlets. Any counter over 2’ long must have an outlet.
Hallways must have at least 1 outletUnfinished basements should have at least 1 outlet.GFCI Protected Outlets (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupt) should
be used near water danger. Any outlets within 6’ of water danger should be GFCI. This includes sinks, garages, basements and outside outlets. Outside outlets should also include waterproof covers.
National Electrical Code and Other Requirements
LightingIn every habitable room, hallway, stairway, garage and outside
entrance, switched lighting outlets must be installed. These can be permanent fixtures or switched outlets. Kitchens and baths must have permanent fixtures mounted.
Walk-in closets should have permanent lighting installed.Outside lighting should be included that illuminates all sides of the
house. Outside lighting should be controlled by a switch, even if it is controlled
by a timer or optical sensor. Switches- In every habitable room, hallway, stairway, garage and
outside entrance, a switch must be used to control lighting. Also, attics, utility rooms and basements for storage should have a switch at the entrance controlling a light.
Interior stairways with 6 or more steps should have switches at each level.
2’ or 3’ deep closets do not need switched lighting (or any lighting).
National Electrical Code and Other Requirements
Additional Electrical Requirements
Plans should include phone and cable jacks. Stereo and computer optional.
All doors into the house should include a button that will sound a door bell.
Smoke detectors should be placed near all fire risk areas and near sleeping areas.
Electrical Page
Follow the check sheet found on page 40 to develop your electrical plan