Architecture DCS

8/18/2019 Architecture DCS

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Industrial Automation Automation Industrielle

Industrielle Automation

Control System Architecture-


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1.5 Control System Architecture

1 Introduction

1.1 Automation and its importance

1.2 Applications of automation

1.3 Plants and controls

1.3.1 Open loop and closed loop control

1.3.2 Continuous process1.3.3 Discrete process

. . ua p an s

1.4 Automation hierarchy

. on ro ys em rc ec ure


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Principle

The control system has to suit the plant, not the reverse

The structure of the control system should reflects that of the plant

Ideally, each unit of the plant should have its own controller,

interacting with the controllers of the other, related units,

.

Example: Airbus: a wing is delivered with its own computers.


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Busses and processors in industrial plants

Operator panel

Mimic boarddiskProcess pictures

(mimic board)open network, WAN

Process Data Base

Logging

workstation bus

stationstation

plant bus (500m .. 3 km)

PLC nodes(multi-processors)

fieldbus (30m..2 km)

Ppool

node busP P C

I/O MEM I/O

P P C P

MEM BC

control

stationsbackplane bus

sensor bus

directly coupled

input/

output

sensor bus (0,5.. 30 m)

plant (Werk, usine)

transducers

M-


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Example: Printing Architecture


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Example: Production management system

production

planning

scheduling maintenance quality control

plant network

ranspor a on

cell control

manu ac ur ng

cell control

floor network

robot

controller milling

machine

rail-guided

vehicle


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Example: Power plant control - 1980 (!)

Control systems look similar


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Example: Honeywell TotalPlant (2003 same structure)


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Example: Rockwell (Allen-Bradley) NetLinx

ProgrammableDevice

Support PC

Desktop PCwith excel

Controller and Bridge

HMI

ServoControlNet

Bridge or Linking Device

Drive

Linking Device

HMI

DeviceNet

Modular

I/O24vdc

509-BOD

Micro

Block I/O

PLC


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Example: Emerson's PlantWeb (Delta V)


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Example: ABB Industr ial IT (redundant system)Plant Network / Intranet

Firewall

3rd party

application

server

Workplaces(clients)

Optimization

(clients)

Mobile

Client/server Network

Operator

eng neer ng

workplace

app ca on

server

aspec

server

connec v y

server

Control Network

Serial, OPCor fieldbus

ProgrammableLogic Controller

AC 800CRedundant touch-screen

3rd party

controllers,

Field Bus Field Bus AC 800M

servers etc


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The internet dimension (example: Alstom)


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The wireless dimension (example: Schneider)

No more wires, but the structure remains


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Centralized Control Architecture (classical)

Central Computer

Mainframe

PLCsGroup

Control

Group

Control

Group

Control

Sensors, Actors plant

Classical, hierarchical, centralized architecture.

The central computer only monitors and forwards commands to the PLCs


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Decentralized Control System (DCS)

engineering operator data logger

controller controller controller controller

field bus

p ant

all controllers can communicate as eers without oin throu h a central master restricted only by throughput and modularity considerations.

' " ™" " " , ,

a control system for the process industry.


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Hierarchies ares mp e an ra ona


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but Distributed Control

complex world....


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Assessment

1. Draw a typical hierarchical control system showing busses and controllers

2. How does the network hierarchy relate to the plant control hierarchy ?

3. What is the difference between a centralized and a decentralized control system ?

(can this difference be seen from the outside ?)


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Questions and Comments

Documents

Architecture DCS