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Area 4,523,000 km²
Population 568,300,000
Density 126 people per km²
Countries 11Territories 13GDP $900 billion
$2.8 trillion (purchasing power parity)
GDP per capita
$1,584 $4,927 (purchasing power parity)
Time Zones
UTC +5:30 (Andaman and Nicobar Islands) to UTC +9:00 (Indonesia)
Capital cities
Bandar Seri BegawanBangkokDiliHanoiJakartaKuala LumpurManilaNaypyidawPhnom PenhSingaporeVientiene
http://en.wikipedia.org/
Crop JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
TEMPERATURE 20~27 22~28 26~29 28~30 28~30 27~29 26~28 26~28 26~28 26~27 23~27 21~27
Banana (AAA)
Coconut
Durian
Grape
Guava
Jackfruit
Java apple
Langsat
Lime
Litchi
Longan
Mango
Mangosteen
Papaya
Pineapple
Pummelo
Rambutan
Strawberry
Sweet orange
Sweet tamarind
Tangerine
World map with the tropics highlighted in red
The Tropics, seated in the
equatorial regions of the world,
are limited in latitude by the
Tropic of Cancer in the northern
hemisphere at approximately
23°26' (23.4°) N latitude, and the
Tropic of Capricorn in the
southern hemisphere at 23°26'
(23.4°) S latitude.
The Tropics includes all the areas
on the Earth where the sun
reaches a point directly overhead
at least once during the solar year.
The seasons in the tropics are
dominated by the movement of
the tropical rain belt, which then
forms from the northern to the
southern tropics over the course of
the year in the winter, thus causing
the dry season and the wet season
in turn.
Tropical climate is warm to hot
and moist year-round, often with
the sense of lush vegetation.
5
http://en.wikipedia.org/
The climate in Southeast Asia is
mainly tropical–hot and humid all
year round. There is a lot of
rainfall. Southeast Asia has a wet
and dry season caused by seasonal
shift in winds or monsoon. The
tropical rain belt causes
additional rainfall during the
monsoon season.
A monsoon is a seasonal
prevailing wind that lasts for
several months.
The term referred to the big
seasonal winds blowing from the
ocean or sea bringing heavy
rainfall to the area.
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http://en.wikipedia.org
General Background
20o 23’ ~ 5o 37’ N 97o 22’ ~105o 37’ E
North
Northeast
East
Central
South
3 seasons
Hot : Mar. ~ May
Rain : June ~ Oct.
Cool : Nov. ~ Feb.
Tropical zone
Facts of Thailand Location: Southeastern Asia, bordering the
Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma Geographic
Coordinates: 15 00 N, 100 00 E
Area: total: 514,000 sq km (321,250,000 rai)
land: 511,770 sq km (319,856,250 rai)water: 2,230 sq km
Land use: arable land: 27.54%
permanent crops: 6.93% (~22,166,000 rai)
other: 65.53% (2005)
Irrigated land: 49,860 sq km (2003)https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
last updated on 18 October, 2007
Facts of Thailand Climate: tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-
May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid
Terrain: central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains
elsewhere
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m
highest point: Doi Inthanon 2,576 m
Natural resources: tin, rubber, natural gas, tungsten, tantalum,
timber, lead, fish, gypsum, lignite, fluorite, arable land
Population: 65,068,149
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/last updated on 18 October, 2007
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Production Area of Fruit in Thailandhttp://www.doae.go.th/agriculture/index.html
ACFS designed standards for food and agricultural commodity, which are divided into agricultural commodity standards (4 for fruit in 2004), system standards, and general standards.
Standard for Pineapples, TACFS 4-2003, published in the Royal Gazette Volume 120, Special Section 145 d, dated December 19, 2003
Standard for Durian, TACFS 3-2003, published in the Royal Gazette Volume 120, Special Section 145 d, dated December 19, 2003
Standard for Mangoes, TACFS 5-2003, published in the Royal Gazette Volume 120, Special Section 145 d, dated December 19, 2003
Standard for Mangosteens, TACFS 2-2003, published in the Royal Gazette Volume 120, Special Section 145 d, dated December 19, 2003
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DurianKing of Tropical Fruit
Cultivar Flowering Bloom Harvest Days
Early
season Early
December
Late
December
Mid
May
153-165
Mid
season Mid
December
Late
December
Early
June
182-190
Late
season
Mid December
Late
December
Mid
July
200-210
Commercial Favorite
Local and New Promising
Early season
Kradum (Button)
Chanee (Gibbon)
Mid Season
Mon Thong (Golden pillow)
Late season
Kan Yao (Long peduncle)
Nok Krajib
Puang Manee
Lub Lae
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Puang Manee
http://picasaweb.google.co
m/lh/photo/pG7YDU2x_RkdZyX4qsPa4A
thaimisc.pukpik.com
Kan Yao www.thummada.com
Mon Thongwww.thaitambon.com
Induce Flowering Flowering period
Pruning
Weeding
Chemical Fertilizer (15-15-15, 8-24-24 or 12-24-12) and Manure application
Irrigation control (induce drought)
Irrigation control
Flower thinning
Pest control
Fertilization assist (pollination by hand)
Ca-B Foliar fertilizer application
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Blooming Harvesting Flowering
Fruit setting and Development
Fruit Mature
1st Flush 2nd Flush 3rd Flush
Fruit set period
Fruit thinning
Chemical Fertilizer (13-13-21, 0-0-50)
Flushing control (KNO3, 13-0-45)
Irrigation control
Pest control
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<65% 65%
75% 85% 100%
Ripening days =
101.54 - Stage of Maturity
4.135
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In Japan In USA (New York)
Durian chip
Durian paste
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Pruning, Irrigation control, etc.
paclobutrazol 16 g a.i./m2
(specific to cultivar) for bud initiation Soil application
Thiourea for bud breaking
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26
Grading
Cleaning
Packing
Quality Inspection
Vapor Heat treatment (45-50oC 30 min.)
27
28
Cleaning
Grading
Bagging
Waxing
Wrapping
Packing
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