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Technology in War
By: Bill YeeMichael Chen
CHC 2D1
Tanks
• Armoured chariot weapon
• Used by British• Crossed no man’s land• Firepower, steel plates,
caterpillar track• Many failures; proved
worthiness in 1917-
2
Poison Gas• First used by Allies
unsuccessfully• Used by Germans in Second
Battle of Ypres• Banned by international
treaty; still used• Unreliable• Made from
chlorine/mustard/phosgene• Resulted in asphyxiation,
internal/external bleeding• Gas masks given to troops
3
Casualities & Deaths from Poison Gas
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
500000
British
Empir
eFra
nce
Russia
USA
Austria
-Hung
ary
German
yIta
ly
Others
Countries
Loss
es
Deaths
Casualties
U-Boats
• Submarine vessel• Germany had largest
fleet – 400+ ships• Allies defeated U-boats
by new mine technology, Q-ships & depth charges
4
Zeppelins
• Flew high over towns & dropped bombs
• German bombed British on several occasions
• Kills many civilians• Canadian flyers skilled at
attacking zeppelins• Canadians get 50% of
zeppelin kills• Planes fire-production bullets
turns zeppelins into flames
5
Planes
• Included:– Fighters– Heavy bombers– Ground attack
• Early in War:– Only stayed in air for few
hrs– Pilots unarmed– No marking on planes– Bombing from balloons
forbidden6
Planes Cont’d
• Later in War:– Machine gun developed– Pilots needed to shoot
through propeller– 1915, French invented
steel deflectors– Germans improved
invention
• Famous Aces:– Billy Bishop, Red Baron
7
Machine Guns
• Deadly weapon accounted for most causalities in trench warfare
• Packed men easy prey for spray of 100s of rounds/min
• Aircraft machine gun w/ special mechanism allowed bullets to pass through propellers
8
Bayonet
• Blade attached to rifle barrel
• Used for close combat• Advantage:– close crowded combat
• Disadvantage:– can injure fellow soldiers
• Soldiers preferred carrying a blade
9
Grenades
• Beginning of War:– Germans ahead in
development (70 000 hand, 106 000 rifle)
• Men tasked to bomb trenches (bomb party)
• Bomb parties grew in # as war progressed
10
Grenades Cont’d
• British bomb party:– 2 throwers– 2 carriers– 2 bayonet men– 2 spare men
• 2 types of detonation– Timed (most preferred)– Impact
• 50+ types of grenades• Mills bomb (most liked)
11
Trench Mortars
• Mortar – short, stumpy tube designed to fire projectile at steep angle to fall on enemy
• Consisted of smooth metal tube fixed to base plate w/ light bipod mount
• Stokes Mortar fired 22 bombs/min w/ max range of ~1 km
12
Flame Throwers
• To spread fire w/ burning fuel
• Brought terror to English & French when used by Germans
• Germans tested 2 models:– Klein– Gross
• Cylinder would explode if shot
• Germans had 650, British & France had none
13
Rifles
• Most crucial infantry weapon
• Early 19th century:– single shot rifle
• Late 19th century:– Bolt-action, multiple
rounds from spring loaded clip rifles
• Rifle models:– German Mauser– British Lee-Enfield– US Springfield
14
Works Cited
Duffy, Michael. "Weapons of War - Introduction." First World
War.com - A Multimedia History of World War One. 22 Sept.
2009. Web. 19 Sept. 2010.
<http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/index.htm>.
Quinlan, Don, Rick Mahoney, Doug Baldwin, and Kevin Reed. The
Canadian Challenge. Toronto: Oxford UP, 2008. Print. 15