Supplementary Material

Table S1. Mean values (± SE) of each variable recorded at each of 14 sites (n = 9/site) across 6 regions in the initial survey (October 2011).

Spathe Density Seed Density

Vegetative Fragment Density Stem Density Canopy Height Biomass (g/m2)

Region Site m2 m2 m2 m2 cm Above Ground Below Ground EpiphyteInner Geelong

Avalon 3212 716 4389118

8 35 28 1596 280 54.334.27 295.00

75.10 612.08

103.01 82.10

28.97

Grand Scenic 2228 756 3208140

8 18 6 1806 240 56.672.20 278.99

45.10 1098.61 82.93

101.58

16.54

Point Henry 2425 644 10819177

4 12 12 1109 191 55.893.43 291.11

60.90 1244.58

142.65 77.90

22.21

North

Altona 30 18 42 29 0 0 1602 418 44.442.22 246.45

45.53 858.19

108.14 7.98 4.54

Jawbone 7 5 28 18 5 3 1589 103 34.333.57 188.12

23.10 932.50 90.27 16.05 4.87

Ricketts Point 14 7 56 37 0 0 2418 143 42.786.61 267.77

39.27 2006.25

214.99 23.06 7.23

South

Blairgowrie 3406 1023 375 116 82 51 2078 400 44.117.04 377.69

89.94 1121.81

159.69 18.33 4.21

Rosebud 3173 1208 181 69 39 14 3452 551 52.004.89 391.63

75.61 1629.03

147.39 49.67

24.00

Swan Bay

Swan Bay North 1815 403 3888100

3 10 4.62 1438 215 43.784.42 204.39

27.82 1128.33

232.62

112.84

25.27

Swan Bay South 3102 617 1791 593 42 14.11 1955 319 38.11 2.5 290.29 61.0 840.56 82.59 43.72 8.88

8 1Central

Edwards Point 238 93 13 13 5 3.77 4049 488 47.564.23 558.20

96.21 1426.81

143.82 0.00 0.00

Mud Islands 30 18 791 413 33 11.45 1994 318 43.784.37 216.37

23.13 877.36

134.30 58.12

19.63

Outer Geelong

Kirk Point 776 309 222 77 3 2.35 1580 386 51.893.84 264.36

58.09 1036.67

158.21 25.19 4.50

Point Richards 679 180 333 102 51 26.50 1911 96 47.564.84 275.06

26.65 985.56

123.27 9.21 4.06

Table S2. Mean values (± SE) of each variable recorded at each site across 5 regions every 3 months (n = 9/site/month) over 3 years (October 2011 – Jan

2014).

Spathe Density Seed DensityVegetative

Fragment Density Stem DensityCanopy Height Biomass (g/m2)

Region Site m2 m2 m2 m2 cm Above Ground Below Ground EpiphyteNorth Altona 10 6 24 13 8 2 1355 92 30.50 0.39 171.37 14.83 1227.71 113.18 18.37 2.84South Blairgowrie 2467 578 6803 995 42 10 2180 116 34.44 0.48 276.07 20.08 1729.67 118.27 30.18 3.52Inner Geelong Point Henry 1427 307 9019 700 5 2 931 67 42.72 0.47 166.31 12.94 1141.88 62.50 46.75 6.93Outer Geelong Point Richards 1134 328 969 133 17 4 1374 113 32.43 0.53 161.36 14.06 1106.93 82.56 18.24 3.19Swan Bay Swan Bay South 1125 340 1218 139 12 3 1044 91 24.84 0.34 125.61 11.64 927.80 54.26 30.23 3.94

Mean 1233 312 3607 396 17 4 1377 96 32.99 0.44 180.14 14.71 1226.80 86.15 28.75 4.08

Altona Blairgowrie Point Henry Point Richards Swan Bay SouthF p F p F p F p F p

Seedsvs Above ground biomass - - 0.243 0.626 0.007 0.993 5.451 0.027 0.515 0.479vs Below ground biomass - - 0.053 0.820 4.651 0.040 4.079 0.053 3.872 0.059vs epiphyte biomass - - 1.368 0.253 0.309 0.584 4.236 0.049 17.095 < 0.001Error df 25 24 28 28

Spathesvs Above ground biomass 8.031 0.012 53.693 < 0.001 21.231 < 0.001 16.258 0.001vs epiphyte biomass 0.547 0.470 1.58 0.229 0.145 0.708 0.517 0.483Error df 16 14 16 16

Epiphytesvs Above ground biomass 6.959 0.013 0.229 0.636 16.285 < 0.001 0.003 0.996 3.413 0.075vs Below ground biomass 0.206 0.653 0.790 0.383 0.029 0.867 1.465 0.236 0.308 0.583Error df 28 25 24 28 28

Table S3. Results from regression analysis comparing seed and spathe densities with above ground and below ground biomass and epiphyte biomass for

each site sampled over 3 years. Analysis fo spathe data was only done using October and November data when spathes were present and was not done on

samples from Altona where few spathes or seeds were sampled. Significant relationships in bold (p < 0.05).

Fig. S1. Stem density, canopy height and vegetative fragment density (sqrt mean ± SE) across sites and months (n = 9/site/month) during each sampling year

(2011 – 2013). Note year 1 not included in analysis.

5

Fig. S2. Above ground, below ground and epiphyte biomass (sqrt mean ± SE) at each site across months (n = 9/site/month) during each sampling year (2011

– 2013). Note year 1 not included in analysis.

6

Figure S3. Relationship between epiphyte biomass (sqrt) and above ground biomass (sqrt) at Altona and Point Henry sampled every 3 months for 3 years

(2011 – 2013).

7