Supplemental Material

Predicting Indoor Heat Exposure Risk during Extreme Heat Events

Ashlinn Quinn, James D. Tamerius, Matthew Perzanowski, Judith S. Jacobson, Inge Goldstein,

Luis Acosta, Jeffrey Shaman

Table of Contents

PageSupplemental Material, Table S1 2Supplemental Material, Figure S1 3Supplemental Material, Figure S2 4Supplemental Material, Figure S3 5Supplemental Material, Figure S4 6References 7

Supplemental Material, Table S1: Characteristics of 285 monitored residences

Characteristics of 285 monitored residences, New York City

All New York City housing (U.S.

Census Bureau)n (%) (%)

CohortHead Start 140 (49.1%)NAAS 145 (50.9%)

Building typeFreestanding house 18 (6.3%)Townhouse/ multifamily house 46 (16.1%)Apartment 150 (52.6%)NA 71 (24.9%)

All multi-unit structures 196 (68.7%) 83.6%

Total rooms1 or 2 11 (3.9%) 12.8%3 54 (18.9%) 24.7%4 98 (34.4%) 25.2%5 72(25.3%) 16.9%6+ 49 (17.2%) 20.4%NA 1 (0.4%)

Total Bedrooms0 0 (0.0%) 7.5%1 60 (21.1%) 31.2%2 115 (40.4%) 31.9%3 79 (27.7%) 21.5%4+ 30 (10.5%) 7.9%NA 1 (0.4%)

Floor Level-3 to -1 3 (1.1%)1 63 (22.1%)2-3 114 (40.0%)4-6 77 (27.0%)7+ 27 (9.5%)NA 1 (0.4%)

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Supplemental Material, Figure S1:

Figure S1: Temperature, Humidity, and Heat Index diurnal cycles across 285 residences. Indoor (black) temperature and heat index follow a diurnal cycle that is similar to the outdoor (grey) cycle, but the indoor cycles are muted in amplitude and lagged by 2-3 hours behind the outdoor cycles. Neither indoor nor outdoor dew point temperature exhibits a discernible diurnal cycle.

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Supplemental Material, Figure S2:

Figure S2: Distribution of mean summertime Heat Index in Paris, 2001-2011. The location of 9-day mean heat index during the 2003 heat wave period on the histogram of all summertime 9-day-averaged heat index values for Paris during the years 2001-2011 demonstrates the extreme nature of the August 2003 event, which was over 4 standard deviations above the mean.

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Supplemental Material, Figure S3

Figure S3: Comparison of New York City’s outdoor heat index on the 638 unique summer days when indoor monitoring was conducted (a), versus all summer days in the years 2001-2011 (b). The mean heat index on the sampled days was 23.39ºC, versus a mean of 23.33ºC across all summer days between 2001-2011. The two means were not statistically different (p-value for Student’s t-test = 0.30).

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Supplemental Material, Figure S4

Figure S4: Normal quantile-quantile plots of indoor vs. outdoor heat index (HI) in bins of 3 degrees. The plots demonstrate that the data is by and large normally distributed across the range of outdoor conditions, with slightly long tails, relative to the normal distribution, for the bins from 13-15ºC through 34-36ºC.

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ReferencesU.S. Census Bureau. 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table

DP04. Available: http:/factfinder2.census.gov [accessed 12 September 2013].

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