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Art Worlds and Social Types
By Howard S. Becker
Art Worlds
• Result of coordinated activities• Coordination of activities are in reference to a
body of conventional understandings• Do not define art first• Mutual appreciation and social value
Types of Artists
• Integrated Professions• Mavericks• Naïve Artists• Folk Artists
Integrated Professionals
• Every cooperating person has been trained• Large and responsive audience• Fully prepared and capable of producing the art work• Stays within respectable boundaries
Maverick Artists
• Have found conventional art world too constraining
• Do not remove all conventions from their art• Force recognition and adoption of their
practices from the conventional art world• Demands more work from the audience
Naïve Artists
• No connection with art world at all• Created forms and genres because they never
acquired training or habits of professional artists
• Made without reference to contemporary conventions
Folk Artists
• No real art community exists• Not acknowledged as art• Well integrated • Conventions of their art are well known and
easily made• Basis of collective action
Conclusion
• People can be oriented to any kind of social world
• Four types of artists mirrors society at large• The art world is constantly changing
Critique
• Can artists be so easily organized? (Ex. The Shaggs)
• Double-crosses his definitions (Ex. Folk artists)