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Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution. Objectives:. Identify characteristics of the Arthropoda Discuss Arthropod Phylogeny Characteristics of major taxa Discuss Insect Evolution. Arthropoda. Arthro- Refers to Joints Poda- Refers to feet. Arthropoda. Characteristics - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Arthropod phylogeny&
Insect Evolution
Objectives:
Identify characteristics of the Arthropoda
Discuss Arthropod Phylogeny
Characteristics of major taxa
Discuss Insect Evolution
Arthropoda
Arthro- Refers to Joints
Poda- Refers to feet
Arthropoda
Characteristics• Paired, jointed
appendages• Segmented body plan• Land forms have tracheae or book lungs, • Aquatic forms have gills
Arthropoda
Characteristics• Compound eyes• Open circulatory system• Digestive system is a
tube• Nervous system with
brain, paired ventral nerve cords
Arthropoda
• Exoskeleton is molted
Arthropoda
Arthropoda
• Evolved from Annelida
Ecdysozoans
Arthropoda Phylogeny
• Many hypotheses exist
• Molecular data suggest:
Arthropoda Classification
ChelicerataMandibulata
Hexapoda = antennae
• Chelicerae = feeding appendages
Arthropoda Classification
= fangs in spiders
Arthropoda Classification
1. ChelicerataClasses:
Merostomata - horseshoe crabsArachnida - spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites
Arthropoda Classification
Chelicerata• Mainly terrestrial• Body Divisions - Cephalothorax,
abdomen• No antennae• No chewing mandibles
Arthropoda Classification
Chelicerata• First and second pair of appendages -
chelicerae, pedipalps used for manipulation of food, locomotion,
defense, copulation• Next four pair of
appendages - walking
Arthropoda Classification
Crustacea• Aquatic• Body divisions - cephalothorax and
abdomen• Gills • 2 pairs antennae - touch and taste• Biramous appendages - two jointed
branches arising from their base
- biramous appendages
Arthropoda Classification
Crustacea• Mandibles and maxillae used for feeding• Chelipeds on lobsters and crayfish -
pinching claws• Larval stage• Green glands
Arthropoda ClassificationHexapodaClass:
Insecta - insects
Arthropoda Classification
Insecta characteristicsTerrestrial and some aquaticBody plan - Head, thorax, abdomenUniramous1 pair antennae3 pairs legs on thoraxMalpighian tubules
Insect Evolution
• Four stages of insect evolution:1. Development of insect body form
2. Development of wings
3. Development of wing flexion
4. Development of complete metamorphosis
Orders:
Ephemeroptera = ?
Odonata = ?
Plecoptera
Megaloptera
Coleoptera
Lepidoptera
Diptera
Hemiptera