Publications Working Group Jonathan P. Mintzer, Page Editor - Stony Brook Children’s Hospital

Ravi Mangal Patel - Emory University

Ayan Rajgarhia - Cohen Children's Medical Center, North Shore-LIJ

Craig Nankervis - Nationwide Children's Hospital

Christopher Rouse - Walter Reed National Military Medical Center + USUHS

Jeffrey Shenberger - Baystate Medical Center

Rangasamy Ramanathan - LAC+USC Medical Center and Children's Hospital Los Angeles

ARTICLES OF INTEREST – April, 2017 An extra-uterine system to physiologically support the extreme premature lamb. (PDF) Partridge EA, Davey MG, Hornick MA, et al. Nat Commun. A team of investigators report the creation of a pumpless oxygenator circuit that connects to cannulated umbilical vessels within a closed amniotic fluid circuit to mimic the intrauterine environment. After several iterations, the investigators were able to physiologically support lambs for up to 4 weeks in this environment with stable cardiorespiratory parameters, appropriate growth and development. Caffeine preferentially protects against oxygen-induced retinopathy Zhang S, Zhou R, Li B, et al. FASEB J. The authors chose to investigate if caffeine administration influenced the development of oxygen-induced retinopathy, an established model for the development of the vasculopathy of ROP in mice. They found that caffeine did not interfere with normal retinal vascular development and attenuated hypoxia-induced pathologic angiogenesis and hyperoxia-induced vaso-obliteration. In the hyperoxic phase, caffeine reduced oxygen-induced adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-dependent neural apoptosis. During the hypoxic phase, caffeine reduced microglial activation and enhanced tip cell formation by A2AR-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Together with clinical use of caffeine in neonates, these findings provide direct evidence of the novel effects of caffeine therapy in the prevention and treatment of ROP. Trends in patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis and management for very low birth weight infants (PDF) Ngo S, Profit J, Gould J, et al. Pediatrics. This retrospective cohort study evaluated 28,025 VLBW infants born at 134 California hospitals between 2008 and 2014. Infants were assessed for the presence of a PDA and type of intervention. The authors found that for the study period, the annual rate of infants with a PDA who were not treated by any therapy rose from 60.5% to 78.3% and the rates of infants treated with pharmacologic intervention or both pharmacologic intervention and surgical ligation decreased (30.5% vs 15.7% and 6.9% vs 2.9%, respectively).

The randomized, controlled trial of late surfactant: effects on respiratory outcomes at 1-year corrected age Keller RL, Eichenwald EC, Hibbs AM, et al. J Pediatr. This study evaluated the effects of late surfactant on respiratory outcomes at 1-year corrected age in the Trial of Late Surfactant (TOLSURF), which randomized newborns of extremely low gestational age (≤28 weeks' gestational age) ventilated at 7-14 days to late surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide vs inhaled nitric oxide-alone (control). Infants were classified for composite outcomes of pulmonary morbidity. Treatment of newborns of extremely low gestational age with late surfactant in combination with inhaled nitric oxide decreased use of home respiratory support and may decrease persistent pulmonary morbidity. Safety and short-term outcomes of therapeutic hypothermia in preterm neonates 34-35 weeks gestational age with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy Rao R, Trivedi S, Vesoulis Z, et al. J Pediatr. In this retrospective review, the authors sought to evaluate the safety and short-term outcomes of 31 preterm neonates born at 34-35 weeks gestation with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Short-term safety outcomes and the presence, severity (mild, moderate, severe), and patterns of brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed using a standard scoring system, and compared with a cohort of 32 term neonates with HIE treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Therapeutic hypothermia in infants born at 34-35 weeks gestational age appears feasible. Risks of mortality and side effects warrant caution with use of therapeutic hypothermia in preterm infants. Starter formula enriched in prebiotics and probiotics ensures normal growth of infants and promotes gut health: a randomized clinical trial Radke M, Picaud JC, Loui A, et al. Pediatr Res. In a multicenter, randomized trial, 413 full-term infants were randomized to formula with bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium lactis (experimental) or formula (control) alone with the primary outcome of diarrhea or febrile infections up to 12 months of age. The study also included a breastfeeding reference cohort. There was no significant differences in diarrhea or febrile infections at 6 months (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.26-1.15) or one year (0.66; 95% 0.38-1.14), comparing experimental and control formula arms, although outcomes were less frequent in the experimental formula arm. The gut microbiota, fecal IgA and pH among experimental formula fed infants were closer to that of breastfed infants. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension: a meta-analysis Al-Ghanem G, Shah P, Thomas S, et al. J Perinatol. Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is increasingly being reported in preterm infants with severe BPD. PVD with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is more common in patients with severe BPD. In this meta-analysis, pooled incidence of PH was 17% in all cases of BPD, and 24% in infants with severe BPD. Mortality is significantly higher in patients with PVD and pulmonary hypertension (PH). There is an urgent need to screen for the development of PH in patients with evolving or established BPD prior to discharge from the NICU, and close follow up with a multidisciplinary team, involving neonatology, pulmonology and cardiology services.

Association between early low dose hydrocortisone therapy in extremely preterm neonates and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age Baud O, Trousson C, Biran V, et al. JAMA. The authors performed a secondary analysis of 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes among participants in the Early Low-Dose Hydrocortisone to Improve Survival without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants (PREMILOC) study, in which extremely premature neonates had been randomized to either hydrocortisone therapy or placebo. Neurodevelopmental outcome was based on standardized clinical exam and the revised Brunet-Lezine scale. No statistically significant neurodevelopmental differences were observed between groups. OTHER NOTEWORTHY PUBLICATIONS – April, 2017 Pediatrics Parent-physician partnership at the edge of viability https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28348202 Breastfeeding, cognitive and noncognitive development in early childhood: a population study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28348200 Nursery product-related injuries treated in United States emergency departments https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289137 Maternal and perinatal exposures are associated with risk for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/4/e20162838 Variability in very preterm stillbirth and in-hospital mortality across Europe (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/4/e20161990 Self-reported mental health problems among adults born preterm: a meta-analysis (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/4/e20162690 A theoretical and practical approach to defining “adequate oxygenation” in the preterm newborn (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/4/e20161117 Care system redesign for preterm children after discharge from the NICU (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/4/e20162969 Neurodevelopment: the impact of nutrition and inflammation during preconception and pregnancy in low-resource settings (PDF) http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/Supplement_1/S38 Journal of Pediatrics Editor's Note for MS#20161322 Bernard et al – Nutrition and brain development: it's complicated https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28343528 Editor's Note on 20161978 Keller et al – Is preventing BPD the target, or should we strive for something else? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28343533 Editor's Note MS#20162317 El Houchi et al – Neonatal jaundice: more than a number https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28343534 Therapeutic hypothermia for preterm infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: how do we move forward? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28108104 Respiratory support for very low birth weight infants receiving dexamethasone https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28108103

Intestinal barrier maturation in very low birthweight infants: relationship to feeding and antibiotic exposure https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28159311 Breastfeeding, polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in colostrum and child intelligence quotient at age 5-6 years https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28081886 Prediction of 3- to 5-month outcomes from signs of acute bilirubin toxicity in newborn infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28131490 Auditory exposure in the neonatal intensive care unit: room type and other predictors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28189301 Clinical factors associated with cerebral metabolism in term neonates with congenital heart disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28109537 Perfusion index and pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart defects https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28153478 Preschool neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital heart disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28081891 Discoid skin rash in a preterm infant https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28088393 Pediatric Research Calorie restriction prevents the development of insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes offspring https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28024145 Therapeutic hypothermia modulates complement factor C3a and C5a levels in a rat model of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28002390 Redefining short bowel syndrome in the 21st century https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27997531 Utility of cytokines to predict neonatal sepsis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27997530 Renal dysfunction in early adulthood following birth asphyxia in male spiny mice, and its amelioration by maternal creatine supplementation during pregnancy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27997529 A functional ATG16L1 (T300A) variant is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27893720 Augmented Th17-type immune responses in preterm neonates exposed to histologic chorioamnionitis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27870827 Heart rate variability in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy during therapeutic hypothermia https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27855152 A novel missense mutation in the transcription factor FOXF1 cosegregating with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the extended pedigree linked to IHPS5 on chromosome 16q24 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27855150 Long-term effects of recurrent intermittent hypoxia and hyperoxia on respiratory system mechanics in neonatal mice https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27842056 Subclinical mastitis occurs frequently in association with dramatic changes in inflammatory/anti-inflammatory breast milk components https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27814344

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal & Neonatal Edition End-of-life decisions for fragile neonates: navigating between opinion and evidence-based medicine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27974340 Delivery room deaths of extremely preterm babies: an observational study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27531225 Short-term outcome of treatment limitation discussions for newborn infants, a multicentre prospective observational cohort study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852667 Neonatal hypoglycaemia: learning from claims (PDF) http://fn.bmj.com/content/fetalneonatal/102/2/F110.full.pdf Measurement of neonatal heart rate using handheld Doppler ultrasound https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27288393 A state-wide assessment of the association between epidural analgesia, maternal fever and neonatal antibiotics in Colorado, 2007–2012 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27343198 Effect of inspiratory flow rate on the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal at tidal volumes below instrumental dead space https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27515984 The ORACLE Children Study: educational outcomes at 11 years of age following antenatal prescription of erythromycin or co-amoxiclav (PDF) http://fn.bmj.com/content/fetalneonatal/102/2/F131.full.pdf Is the infant car seat challenge useful? A pilot study in a simulated moving vehicle (PDF) http://fn.bmj.com/content/fetalneonatal/102/2/F136.full.pdf Functional treatment of airway obstruction and feeding problems in infants with Robin sequence https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27435577 Outcomes of infants born at 22–27 weeks' gestation in Victoria according to outborn/inborn birth status https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27531224 Insulin resistance, glucagon-like peptide-1 and factors influencing glucose homeostasis in neonates https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27589992 Waiting 2 minutes after sucrose administration—unnecessary? (PDF) http://fn.bmj.com/content/102/2/F167 Estimating discharge dates using routinely collected data: improving the preparedness of parents of preterm infants for discharge home (PDF) http://fn.bmj.com/content/102/2/F170 Protecting the premature brain: current evidence-based strategies for minimising perinatal brain injury in preterm infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28011793 The opioid epidemic and neonatal abstinence syndrome in the USA: a review of the continuum of care https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28073819 Journal of Perinatology Enhancing sensory experiences for very preterm infants in the NICU: an integrative review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27763631 Is use of multiple antihypertensive agents to achieve blood pressure control associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28079872 Effects of delivery room quality improvement on premature infant outcomes

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28005062 Outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28079866 The cognitive aids in medicine assessment tool (CMAT) applied to five neonatal resuscitation algorithms https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28005065 Impact of neonatal early-onset sepsis calculator on antibiotic use within two tertiary healthcare centers https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28005063 Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on the pharyngeal swallow in neonates https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28055023 Using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing to detect laryngeal penetration and aspiration in infants in the neonatal intensive care unit https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28055025 Reducing peripherally inserted central catheters in the neonatal intensive care unit https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28079867 Major anomalies and birth-weight influence NICU interventions and mortality in infants with trisomy 13 or 18 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28079873 Differences in mortality characteristics in neonates with Down’s syndrome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28079865 Effect of genetic variants of bilirubin metabolism on the degree of hyperbilirubinemia in African-American newborns https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977017 The iron status at birth of neonates with risk factors for developing iron deficiency: a pilot study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977019 Severe intraventricular hemorrhage and withdrawal of support in preterm infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977011 Biometry of the corpus callosum assessed by 3D ultrasound and its correlation to neurodevelopmental outcome in very low birth weight infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977014 Parental perception of child vulnerability among mothers of very low birth weight infants: psychological predictors and neurodevelopmental sequelae at 2 years https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27787504 Interdisciplinary onsite team-based simulation training in the neonatal intensive care unit: a pilot report https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28055027 Neonatology Increased intestinal inflammation and digestive dysfunction in preterm pigs with severe necrotizing enterocolitis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28013313 Thoracoabdominal asynchrony is not associated with oxyhemoglobin saturation in recovering premature infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28013296 Neonatal pneumothorax: a descriptive regional Danish study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28013308 Medications that increase osmolality and compromise the safety of enteral feeding in preterm infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28030867 MRI differences associated with intrauterine growth restriction in preterm infants

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28076856 Use of transcutaneous bilirubin to determine the need for phototherapy in resource-limited settings https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28073104 Surfactant need by gestation for very preterm babies initiated on early nasal CPAP: a Danish observational multicentre study of 6,628 infants born 2000-2013 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28073106 Umbilical venous catheter malposition is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28092913 Associations of maternal leptin with neonatal adiposity differ according to pregravid weight https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28095377 Is fat mass accretion of late preterm infants associated with insulin resistance https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28092917 Effects of breathing and apnoea during sustained inflations in resuscitation of preterm infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28118641 Patent ductus arteriosus treatment in very preterm infants: a European population-based cohort study (EPICE) on variation and outcomes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28125815 Three-dimensional imaging-based web application for predicting tracheal tube depth in preterm neonates https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28142138 American Journal of Perinatology Evaluation of cerebral oxygenation in neonates with sepsis with near-infrared spectroscopy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27627794 Early use of inhaled nitric oxide in preterm infants: is there a rationale for selective approach? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27627792 Trends and outcomes of patent ductus arteriosus treatment in very preterm infants in Canada https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27649293 Placental pathology in relation to uterine artery doppler findings in pregnancies with severe intrauterine growth restriction and abnormal umbilical artery doppler changes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27649292 Effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in hospitalized infants with neutropenia https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27649291 Short-term perinatal outcome among term infants with prenatal diagnosis of large abdominal circumference https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27655247 Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring with reduced-temperature probes in very low birth weight infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27673754 Effect of body position on energy expenditure of preterm infants as determined by simultaneous direct and indirect calorimetry https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27716862 Diagnostic accuracy of the FIGO and the 5-tier fetal heart rate classification systems in the detection of neonatal acidemia https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27780275 Hernia sac presence portends better survivability of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia with “liver-up” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27780277

Improving the identification of neonatal encephalopathy: utility of a web-based video tool https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27788536 Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Neonatal outcomes following planned preterm delivery in diabetic mothers https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282822 Calcium chloride in neonatal parenteral nutrition: a 15 year experience https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304321 Just add water: accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282820 Early feeding tolerance in small for gestational age infants with normal versus abnormal antenatal Doppler characteristics https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304325 Assessment of serum apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-1 and their ratio in healthy full term small for gestational age newborns https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304324 Optimal radiologic position of an umbilical venous catheter tip as determined by echocardiography in very low birth weight newborns https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304320 Peripherally inserted central catheter in extremely preterm infants: characteristics and influencing factors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304314 A comparison of the incidence of undiagnosed congenital heart disease in hospital born and home born children https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282821 Endothelin 1 as a predictor marker for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304322 Retinopathy of prematurity in Indonesia: incidence and risk factors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304327 Group B streptococcus colonization and HIV in pregnancy: a cohort study in Nigeria https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304326 Perspectives and attitudes of pediatricians concerning post-discharge care practice of premature infants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304316 Early onset necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature twins https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304317 Management of mixed type congenital mesoblastic nephroma: case series and review of the literature https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282819 A case of infant delirium in the neonatal intensive care unit https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28304319 Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology Factors associated with cesarean delivery rates: a single-institution experience (PDF) https://mhnpjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40748-017-0047-z

Neoreviews Quality improvement and safety in the neonatal intensive care unit http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e201 Unique characteristics of the X chromosome and related disorders http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e209 Neonatal lactic acidosis: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e217 Congenital galactosemia http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e228 Neonatal presentations of congenital disorders of glycosylation http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e234 Case 1: Intramuscular hematoma in a neonate in the nursery http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e240 Case 2: Umbilical cord with five openings http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e243 Strip of the month: Persistent variable decelerations, minimal variability http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e245 A newborn infant with giant omphalocele and peeling skin http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e253 Important considerations in the management of newborns with cyanosis http://neoreviews.aappublications.org/content/18/4/e258 JAMA Pediatrics Shared decision making for children with trisomy 13 and 18 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28192544 Peritoneal dialysis vs furosemide for prevention of fluid overload in infants after cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28241247 A quantitative, risk-based approach to the management of neonatal early-onset sepsis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28241253 Association between moderate and late preterm birth and neurodevelopment and social-emotional development at age 2 years https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28152144 Using patient-centered care after a prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 or trisomy 13: a review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28192554 Accuracy of prefilled “code cart” epinephrine syringes for direct administration of small doses https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28241221 Derivation and validation of a serum biomarker panel to identify infants with acute intracranial hemorrhage https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28395008

BMC Pediatrics Foot length, chest and head circumference measurements in detection of Low birth weight neonates in Mekelle, Ethiopia: a hospital based cross sectional study (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5401464/pdf/12887_2017_Article_866.pdf Comparison of three different methods for risk adjustment in neonatal medicine (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392992/pdf/12887_2017_Article_861.pdf Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates: a systematic review of prognostic studies (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5391569/pdf/12887_2017_Article_847.pdf Outcomes of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells for cerebral palsy: an open label uncontrolled clinical trial (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5389089/pdf/12887_2017_Article_859.pdf Evaluation of Helping Babies Breathe Quality Improvement Cycle (HBB-QIC) on retention of neonatal resuscitation skills six months after training in Nepal (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387236/pdf/12887_2017_Article_853.pdf Prevention of neonatal late-onset sepsis: a randomised controlled trial (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5381090/pdf/12887_2017_Article_855.pdf Towards evidence-based vitamin D supplementation in infants: vitamin D intervention in infants (VIDI) - study design and methods of a randomised controlled double-blinded intervention study (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372327/pdf/12887_2017_Article_845.pdf Limitations and opportunities of whole blood bilirubin measurements by GEM premier 4000® (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372304/pdf/12887_2017_Article_842.pdf Melatonin alleviates brain and peripheral tissue edema in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage: the involvement of edema related proteins (PDF) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5371222/pdf/12887_2017_Article_824.pdf Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Effect of temperature on heart rate variability in neonatal ICU patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28198757 New England Journal of Medicine Interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 blockade in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28328326 Informed consent (PDF) http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1603773

Lancet Eliminating maternal and neonatal tetanus and closing the immunity gap https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28402808 Prevention of early-onset pre-eclampsia https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28422021 Prospects for neonatal intensive care (PDF) http://thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)31054-1/fulltext Towards evidence-based resuscitation of the newborn infant (PDF) http://thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)30547-0/fulltext The evolution of modern respiratory care for preterm infants (PDF) http://thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)30312-4/fulltext Advances in nutrition of the newborn infant (PDF) http://thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)30552-4/fulltext JAMA Reevaluating postnatal steroids for extremely preterm infants to prevent lung disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384808 BMJ Faster clean catch urine collection (Quick-Wee method) from infants: randomised controlled trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28389435 Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Conventional versus prolonged infusion of meropenem in neonates with gram-negative late-onset sepsis: a randomized controlled trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27918382 Safety of high-dose acyclovir in infants with suspected and confirmed neonatal herpes simplex virus infections https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977557 Neonatal cutaneous invasive aspergillosis accompanied by hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977554 Lack of pertussis protective antibodies in healthcare providers taking care of neonates and infants in a children’s hospital https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27977552 Pediatric Cardiology Effect of fenestration on early postoperative outcome in extracardiac fontan patients with different risk levels https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28116475 Effects of triple cryoenergy application on lesion formation and coronary arteries in the developing myocardium https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28078383 Microarray analysis of differential gene expression profile between human fetal and adult heart https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28331934 Right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt in pulmonary atresia with a ventricular septal defect: a word of caution https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28154913

Subclinical decrease in myocardial function in asymptomatic infants of diabetic mothers: a tissue doppler study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28197645 Routine application of bloodless priming in neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass: a 3-year experience https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28197644 Multicenter off-label use of nit-occlud coil in retrograde closure of small patent ductus arteriosus https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28224170 Pediatric Neurology Pathways for neuroimaging of neonatal stroke https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28262550 Epidemiology and outcomes of arterial ischemic stroke in children: the Canadian pediatric ischemic stroke registry https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28254555 Clinical predictors of attention and executive functioning outcomes in children after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28274640 Obstetrics and Gynecology Association of catastrophic neonatal outcomes with increased rate of subsequent cesarean deliveries https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28277351 Intrauterine hyperoxemia and risk of neonatal morbidity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28277364 Uptake of a guideline for the administration of a rescue course of antenatal corticosteroids https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28277360 Fetoscopic open neural tube defect repair: development and refinement of a two-port, carbon dioxide insufflation technique https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28277363 American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Attempted operative vaginal delivery vs repeat cesarean in the second stage among women undergoing a trial of labor after cesarean delivery https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28153660 Planned home births: the need for additional contraindications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28153656 Neonatal outcomes following preterm birth classified according to placental features https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28065815 Syphilis during pregnancy: a preventable threat to maternal-fetal health https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27956203 Vaginal birth after cesarean: neonatal outcomes and United States birth setting https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27956202 Opioid dependence and pregnancy: minimizing stress on the fetal brain https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27894615

BASIC SCIENCE SELECTIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab alters type IV collagenases and exacerbates arrested alveologenesis in the neonatal rat lungs Valencia AM, Cai CL, Tan J, et al. Exp Lung Res. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28409646 Influence of prenatal hypoxia and postnatal hyperoxia on morphologic lung maturation in mice Schmiedl A, Roolfs T, Tutdibi E, et al. PLoS One. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28426693 Is the C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene linked with oxidative stress-associated complications of prematurity? Huizing MJ, Cavallaro G, Moonen RM, et al. Antioxid Redox Signal. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28375031 Does lack of glutathione peroxidase 1 gene expression exacerbate lung injury induced by neonatal hyperoxia in mice? Bouch S, O'Reilly M, de Haan JB, et al. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28385808 Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants Autran CA, Kellman BP, Kim JH, et al. Gut. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28381523 Suppression of Retinal Neovascularization by Inhibition of Galectin-1 in a Murine Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Yang N, Zhang W, He T, et al. J Ophthalmol. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28428895 Beyond the uterine environment: nonhuman primate model to investigate maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes following chronic intrauterine infection Kelleher MA, Liu Z, Wang X, et al. Pediatr Res. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28422948 Serum cytokine concentrations, chorioamnionitis and the onset of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants Kaneko M, Sato M, Ogasawara K, et al. J Neonatal Perinatal Med. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28409755 Magnesium sulfate (MG) prevents maternal inflammation induced offspring cerebral injury evident on MRI but not via IL-1beta Ginsberg Y, Khatib N, Weiss B, et al. Neuroscience. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28412496