A PAPER ONARTIFICIAL RECHARGE OF GROUND WATER
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING RAMIREDDY SUBBARAMIREDDY COLLEGE
OF ENGINEERINGKADANUTHALA, SPSR NELLORE DISTICTANDHRA PRADESH.
PRESENTED BY:P.SRIKANTH REDDY G.V.SUNDEEP FINAL YEAR FINAL
YEARE-MAIL: [email protected] E-MAIL:
[email protected]
ABSTRACTArtificial recharge of groundwater is achieved by
putting surface water in basins, furrows, ditches, or other
facilities where it infiltrates into the soil and movesdownward to
recharge aquifers. Artificial recharge is increasingly used for
short- or long-term underground storage, where it has several
advantages over surface storage, and in water reuse. Artificial
recharge requires permeable surface soils. Where these are not
available, trenches or shafts in the unsaturated zone can be used,
or water can be directly injected into aquifers through wells. To
design a system for artificial recharge of groundwater,
infiltration rates of the soil must be determined and the
unsaturated zone between land surface and the aquifer must be
checked for adequate permeability and absence of polluted areas.
The aquifer should be sufficiently transmissive to avoid excessive
buildup of groundwater mounds. Knowledge of these conditions
requires field investigations and, if no fatal flaws are detected,
test basins to predict system performance. Water quality issues
must be evaluated, especially with respect to formation of clogging
layers on basin bottoms or other infiltration surfaces, and to
geochemical reactions in
the aquifer. Clogging layers are managed by desilting or other
pretreatment of the water and by remedial techniques in the
infiltration system, such as drying, scraping, disking, ripping, or
other tillage. Recharge wells should be pumped periodically to
backwash clogging layers.The main objectives of artificial recharge
are to reduce seawater intrusion or land subsidence, to store
water, to improve the quality of the water through soil-aquifer
treatment or geopurification, to use aquifers as water conveyance
systems, and to make groundwater out of surface water where
groundwater is traditionally preferred over surface water for
drinking.Artificial recharge of groundwater is expected to play an
increasingly important role in water reuse, because it gives soil
aquifer treatment, or geopurification of the effluent as it moves
through soils and aquifers. Recharge also eliminates the undesired
pipe-to-pipe or toilet-to-tap connection between the
sewage-treatment plant and the water-supply system where municipal
waste water is used to augment drinking-water supplies. This factor
makes potable-water reuse aesthetically much more acceptable to the
public.
