Artificial Intelligence & Computers

By: Colt Funderburg Jessie Curtis

AI – myths, legends, storiesCreated by:Wolfgang von Kempelen

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Fathers of AI

• No universally accepted definition of intelligence Closest is the Turing Test

• Alan Turing- Father of AI #1

• 1950’s paper proposed the test, must be able to carry on a conversation over teletype that is indistinguishable from a conversation with a human

John McCarthy- Father of AI #2

Coined the term AI in 1956

History of AI

Reasoning behind AI- 17th Century Explored the possibility that all thought or

reason was systematic, such as algebraThomas Hobbes, René Descartes and

Gottfried Leibniz

Feed Back

Principle of feedback theoryA basic principle of cyberneticsThermostat

The Logic Theorist

1955Considered to be the first AI programAllen Newell and Herbert SimonSimon proposed as answer to mind/body

problem

Dartmouth Conference

1956Marvin Minsky, John McCarthyClaude Shannon, Nathan Rochester, Ray

Solomonoff, Oliver Selfridge, Trenchard More, Arthur Samuel, Allen Newell and Herbert Simon

Natural Language Processing

Task of AI-Joseph Weizenbaum's ELIZA English speaking

attempt

Time flies like an arrowThe common simile: time moves quickly just like an

arrow does;measure the speed of flying insects like you would

measure that of an arrow (thus interpreted as an imperative) - i.e. (You should) time flies as you would (time) an arrow.;

measure the speed of flying insects like an arrow would - i.e. Time flies in the same way that an arrow would (time them).;

Continued…measure the speed of flying insects that are like

arrows - i.e. Time those flies that are like arrows;all of a type of flying insect, "time-flies,"

collectively enjoys a single arrow (compare Fruit flies like a banana);

each of a type of flying insect, "time-flies," individually enjoys a different arrow (similar comparison applies);

A concrete object, for example the magazine, Time, travels through the air in an arrow-like manner.

AI in a Military Application

AI in Armaments AI’s involvement in training

Air Force’s Predator The MQ-1 Predator is

a system, not just an aircraft. A fully operational system consists of four aircraft (with sensors), a ground control station, a Predator Primary Satellite Link, and approximately 55 personnel for deployed 24-hour operations (af-military.com)

AIM-120 AMRAAM AIM-120 incorporates

active radar with an inertial reference unit and micro-computer system, which makes the missile less dependent upon the fire-control system of the aircraft. Once the missile closes on a target, its active radar guides it to intercept. This enables the pilot to aim and fire several missiles simultaneously at multiple targets (af-military.com)

Military training

The use of simulations involving AI has become a very useful tool in the training of military personal.

Computer games as well as flight simulators are being used to aid and improve traditional training methods.

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Applications in the Present

AutomotivesLexus LS 600h

FinanceUsing neural netwoking

Security“Smart Borders”

Lexus LS 600h Uses many computer

controlled features such as break assist for collision avoidance and hands free parking system.

The car come with 3 cameras onboard. Two forward looking infrared cameras detect objects in front of the car while the third is mounted on the steering wheel to monitor the driver’s awareness.

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Neural Networking Artificial Neural

Networking (ANN) analyses large amounts of information to find patterns with in that information. This application is used to follow market trends more accurately enabling the investor make better decisions on what trends to follow.

Smart Borders

Homeland security using “smart borders” that implement technologies like information sharing and integration, collaboration and communication, biometrics, and image and speech recognition (ai.arizona.edu).