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EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF

URBAN RENEWAL IN THE

INDIAN CONTEXT

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The term decline in the context of urbandevelopment is used to describe undesirablechanges.

The local policies and strategies designed to dealwith urban decline, decay or transformation are

termed as urban renewal.

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URBAN RENEWAL

PHYSICAL RENEWALCULTURAL RENEWAL

SOCIAL RENEWAL ECONOMIC RENEWAL

ENVIRONMENTALRENEWAL

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Physical renewal leads to improvement of urban fabric;

Social renewal leads to improvement of community andhousing;

Cultural renewal promotes enhancement of culture andtraditions;

Economic renewal leads to new generation of employmentand revenue; and

Environmental renewal leads to minimizing ecologicalimbalances in urban environment.

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Urban renewal is controversial, as it often implies the use

of eminent domain law to enforce reclaiming privateproperty for civic projects.

Renewal often resulted in the creation of urban sprawls-

vast areas being demolished and replaced by freeways andexpressways, housing projects, and vacant lots.

Over time the aims and the means of regeneration havebecome multi-faceted and more complex to deal with.Physical investment in hardware and in the socialsoftware of a neighborhood.

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UNITED KINGDOM

Reconstruction: Focus on urban landscape

Revitalization: Focus on social and cultural dimensions

Renewal: Physical, social and economic dimensions

Redevelopment: Community oriented

Regeneration: Holistic and integrated

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INDIA

Historic preservation: Physical fabric

Urban renewal: Physical infrastructure

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Physical renewal:

Reconstruction, restoration, renovation.

Demolition, destruction, dislocation.

Re-allocation of land uses. Renovation and adaptivereuse of historic areas, redevelopment of blightedareas, development of physical urban infrastructure.

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Social renewal:

Rehabilitation, social security, upgrading quality life.

Removal of obsolescence, eradicating deprivation, removing

decline and distress.

Rehabilitation of weaker section, upgrading communityspaces, poverty alleviation programmes

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Economic renewal:

Employment opportunities, generation of funds, revenuegeneration, upgrading reforms.

Removing unemployment

Emphasis on utilization of funds rather than fundgeneration, revenue generation

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Cultural renewal:

Creative tourism, inspire civic pride, marketing of urbanculture, preservation of cultural and historic heritage,use of new technologies for improved management ofarchaeological, historic and religious collections

Revival of old rehabilitation

Conservation of heritages sites traditionalist, nationalistand modernist approach of cultural renewal

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Policy type 1950

Major strategy and orientation Reconstruction and extension ofolder areas based on Master Plan

Key actors and stake holders National and local govt., privatesector developers

Spatial activity level Local and site level

Economic focus Public sector investment withprivate sector involvement

Social context Improvement and living andhousing standards

Physical context Replacement of inner areas andperipheral regions

Environmental approach Landscaping and greenery

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Policy type 1990 to date

Major strategy and orientation Focus on urban living quality

Key actors and stake holders Public private partnership,government semi public

Spatial activity level City and regional level

Economic focus Private sector taxation

Social context Emergence of new social

organization

Physical context Revitalization, comprehensiverenewal

Environmental approach Environmental sustainabilityimpact assessment

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There is absence of holistic and integrated approach inunderstanding urban renewal. The prevailing planningtool, master plan, does not incorporate the integratedconcept of renewal.

Earlier renewal was restricted to heritage sites andnow the focus is the slum areas, where lack of proper

social and economic interventions results indisplacement of slums.

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THANK YOU

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KRISHNAKALI GHOSH091110213ART AND GRAPHICS2nd SEMESTERB.PLANNING2009-2010