AS 3533 2-2009

AS 3533.22009

Australian Standard

Amusement rides and devices

Part 2: Operation and maintenance

AS

35

33

.2

20

09

Copyrighted material licensed to asdasd asdasdsa on 2013-07-17 for licensee's use only.

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This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee ME-051, Amusement Rides and Devices. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 9 July 2009. This Standard was published on 31 July 2009.

The following are represented on Committee ME-051:

Australian Amusement Association Australian Amusement Leisure and Recreation Association Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Industry Group Australian Ski Areas Association Consumers Federation of Australia Department of Justice and Attorney General, Qld Department of Labour, New Zealand Department of the Premier and Cabinet, SA Engineers Australia Ministry of Economic Development, New Zealand Safety Institute of Australia Showmens Guild of Australasia Victorian Showmens Guild WorkCover New South Wales WorkSafe Victoria WorkSafe Western Australia

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 05589. Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the public comment period.

Keeping Standards up-to-date Australian Standards are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been published since the Standard was published. Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendments and new projects can be found by visiting www.standards.org.au Standards Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Contact us via email at [email protected], or write to Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001.




AS 3533.22009

Australian Standard



Originated as part of AS 35331988. Revised and redesignated in part as AS 3533.21997. Second edition 2009.

COPYRIGHT

Standards Australia

All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written

permission of the publisher.

Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia

ISBN 0 7337 9205 7




AS 3533.22009 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand

Committee ME-051, Amusement Rides and Devices, to supersede AS 3533.21997.

This Standard was prepared by the Australian members of the Joint Standards

Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee, ME-051. After consultation with stakeholders

in both countries, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand decided to develop this

Standard as an Australian Standard rather than an Australian/New Zealand Standard.

The objective of this Standard is to provide proprietors and operating staff with

requirements and guidance for operation and maintenance of amusement rides and devices

in order to protect the health and safety of both operating staff and patrons.

Originally developed from technical literature, existing regulations and guidelines, this

Standard has been developed through the combined experience of the Committee and the

organizations represented on it, along with contributions from several individuals and

organizations having expert knowledge in those areas covered by this Standard. The

Committee acknowledges the contributions made by those individuals and organizations

and wishes to record its appreciation for their permission to include this material.

Major changes to the previous edition are as follows:

(a) Reference to AS 3533.3 for the procedures for conducting any in-service inspections

required by this Standard.

(b) Introduction of requirements for daily inspections and test runs and major inspections

for amusement rides and devices.

(c) Expansion of requirements for records pertaining to the amusement ride or device, its

inspection and maintenance in place of the information previously presented in

AS 3533.2 Supp 1, Amusement rides and devices, Part 2: Operation and

maintenance, Supplement 1: Logbook.

(d) Expansion of requirements and guidance concerning bolts.

(e) Relocation of expanded specific requirements for inflatable structures, particularly for

their anchoring to prevent undue movement with wind changes, to a separate part in

the AS 3533 series.

(f) Relocation of specific requirements for roller coasters to a separate part in the

AS 3533.

(g) Removal of passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors from the scope of

AS 3533.2.

(h) Replacement of requirements concerning clearances from power lines with general

guidance on the types of requirements implemented by regulatory authorities.

The Committee also intends to refer to a new Standard for flying foxes that is under

preparation by Committee SF-047 Artificial Climbing Structures, to replace the

requirements in Clause 4.9. When the new Standard is published, this Standard will be

amended accordingly.

This Standard (AS 3533.2) was created to cater specifically for the proprietors and

operating staff of amusement rides and devices by providing them with a set of guidelines

for the day-to-day operation of such devices.




3 AS 3533.22009

The occupational health and safety obligations laid out in AS 3533.1 for designers and

manufacturers of amusement rides and devices are continued in this Part (AS 3533.2). This

Part is intended essentially as a working document and ready reference for the proprietors

and operating staff associated with both mobile and permanently installed devices.

The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the

application of the appendix to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral part

of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance.




AS 3533.22009 4

CONTENTS

Page

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 6

1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 8

SECTION 2 SITE LAYOUT, ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION, AND ELECTRICAL

REQUIREMENTS

2.1 SITE LAYOUT ......................................................................................................... 12

2.2 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION ................................................................................ 14

2.3 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS............................................................................ 24

SECTION 3 ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

3.1 PLANNING............................................................................................................... 29

3.2 OPERATION............................................................................................................. 30

SECTION 4 SPECIFIC OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 32

4.2 AQUATIC AND WATERBORNE AMUSEMENT DEVICES................................. 32

4.3 KARTS AND KART TRACKS................................................................................. 34

4.4 FERRARI 500-TYPE KARTS AND TRACKS......................................................... 36

4.5 TOBOGGANS (LAND-BASED) .............................................................................. 38

4.6 AMUSEMENT DEVICES INCORPORATING ELASTIC SUSPENSION

SYSTEMS ................................................................................................................. 39

4.7 AIR CUSHIONED VEHICLES................................................................................. 39

4.8 PARASAILING......................................................................................................... 40

4.9 FLYING FOXES ....................................................................................................... 42

4.10 CABLE WATERSKIING.......................................................................................... 43

4.11 MINI BIKES AND MINI BIKE TRACKS................................................................ 44

4.12 DRY SLIDES ............................................................................................................ 45

4.13 STEAM AND HOT WATER EQUIPMENT............................................................. 45

4.14 HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT ................................................... 46

SECTION 5 MAINTENANCE, REPLACEMENT, REPAIR AND INSPECTION

5.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 48

5.2 MAINTENANCE AND REPLACEMENT................................................................ 48

5.3 ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS ............................................................................. 49

5.4 INSPECTION............................................................................................................ 49

5.5 RECORDS................................................................................................................. 51

SECTION 6 FIRE SAFETY

6.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 53

6.2 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE OR COMBUSTIBLE

LIQUIDS ................................................................................................................... 53

6.3 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS .......................................................................................... 53

6.4 FIRE DETECTORS................................................................................................... 54




5 AS 3533.22009

Page

APPENDICES

A STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS............................................................................. 55

B SUGGESTED TRAINING, QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE

FOR COMPETENT PERSONS................................................................................. 58

C CLEARANCE DISTANCES FROM AERIAL CONDUCTORS............................... 60

D MARKING OF BOLTS, NUTS AND WASHERS.................................................... 61

E GROUND BEARING (SUPPORTING) CAPACITIES............................................. 67

F HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND

RISK CONTROL PROCESS..................................................................................... 69

G GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR OPERATOR AND ATTENDANT SELECTION

AND INSTRUCTION ............................................................................................... 73

H PATRON RESPONSIBILITY................................................................................... 75

I SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR OPERATORS............................................................ 76

J WATER QUALITY................................................................................................... 77

K PRECAUTIONS FOR STORING AND HANDLING FLAMMABLE

OR COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS AND LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS................. 79

L CONTENTS OF LOG AND AVAILABILITY FOR INSPECTION ......................... 81




AS 3533.22009 6

Standards Australia www.standards.org.au

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard



S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L

1.1 SCOPE

This Standard specifies requirements for the operation, maintenance, inspection and fire

safety measures for fixed and portable amusement rides and devices, excluding

(a) miniature trains and railway systems owned and operated by model railway societies,

clubs or associations;

(b) rides or devices when operated under the control of public transport legislation;

(c) plant used specifically for sporting, professional stunt, theatrical or acrobatic

activities; and

(d) passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors (see AS 4722).

NOTES:

1 Requirements for the design and construction of amusement rides and devices are given in

AS 3533.1. Details for the conduct of the inspections required in this Standard are specified

in AS 3533.3.

2 Specific requirements for particular types of amusement rides and devices are specified in

Section 4 of this Standard, other Parts of AS 3533 and other Standards; the specific

requirements take precedence over corresponding general requirements in this Standard where

any difference exists. Clause 4.1 lists the other Parts of AS 3533 and the other Standards that

will need to be consulted for certain types of amusement rides and devices.

3 Compliance with the requirements and conditions set down by associations such as The

Australian Association of Live Steamers is generally required for the miniature trains and

railway systems mentioned in Item (a).

1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The following is a list of the documents referred to in this Standard, apart from referenced

and related documents on bolts, nuts and washers, which are given in Appendix D.

AS

1228 Pressure equipmentBoilers

1499 Personal flotation devicesType 2

1851 Maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment

1940 The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids

2076 Wire-rope grips for non-lifting applications

2260 Personal flotation devicesType 3

2444 Portable fire extinguishers and fire blanketsSelection and location




7 AS 3533.22009

www.standards.org.au Standards Australia

AS

2550 Cranes, hoists and winchesSafe use

2550.1 Part 1: General requirements

2593 BoilersSafety management and supervision systems

2790 Electricity generating setsTransportable (Up to 25 kW)

3533 Amusement rides and devices

3533.1 Part 1: Design and construction

3533.3 Part 3: In-service inspection

3533.4.1 Part 4.1: Specific requirementsLand-borne inflatable devices

3533.4.3 Part 4.3: Specific requirementsRoller coasters

3873 Pressure equipmentOperation and maintenance

3998 Non-destructive testingQualification and certification of personnel

4024 Safety of machinery

4024.1 Part 1: Safety of machinery series

4024.1801 Part 1801: Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper

limbs

4037 Pressure equipmentExamination and testing

4291 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel

4291.1 Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs

4722 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors

HB 241 Water management for public swimming pools and spas

AS/NZS

1596 The storage and handling of LP Gas

1698 Protective helmets for vehicle users

2293 Emergency evacuation lighting for buildings

2293.2 Part 2: Inspection and maintenance

2906 Fuel containersPortablePlastic and metal

3000 Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules)

3002 Electrical installationsShows and carnivals

3190 Approval and test specificationResidual current devices (current-operated

earth-leakage devices)

3760 In-service safety inspection and testing of electrical equipment

3788 Pressure equipmentIn-service inspection

3832 Electrical installationsCold-cathode illumination systems

4291 Mechanical properties of fasteners

4291.2 Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load valuesCoarse thread

4360 Risk management

5848 Code of practice for bungy jumping

61558 Safety of power transformers, power supply units and similar

61558.1 Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61558-1 Ed.2, MOD)




AS 3533.22009 8


AS/NZS

61558.2.4 Part 2.4: Particular requirements for isolating transformers for general use

(IEC 61558-2-4:1997, MOD)

61558.2.6 Part 2.6: Particular requirements for safety isolating transformers for general

use (IEC 61558-2-6:1997, MOD)

ISO

898 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel

898-1 Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs

898-2 Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load valuesCoarse thread

Australian Miniature Boiler Safety Committee Code

1.3 DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply.

1.3.1 Amusement device

An arrangement of equipment that produces the desired effect of amusement or

entertainment when the patron moves through it or on it primarily by his or her own action,

or any other system that is not covered by the term amusement ride.

NOTE: See Clause 1.3.2.

1.3.2 Amusement ride

An arrangement of structural or mechanical elements (or both) that is designed to move

patrons in a controlled manner and is not necessarily reliant on patrons moving themselves

to obtain the desired effect of amusement or entertainment.

NOTES:

1 Within this Standard the word device may refer to an amusement ride or an amusement

device.

2 Some regulatory authorities may refer to amusement rides and devices as amusement

structures.

1.3.3 Ancillary equipment

Equipment forming part of the operational complement of the ride or device that is

required, by this Standard or specific legislation, to comply with other Standards or

requirements because of its specialized nature or purpose.

1.3.4 Aquatic amusement device

A device that involves patrons being intentionally, either partially or fully, immersed in

water for a short period of time at some stage during the ride.

1.3.5 Arms reach

A distance of 2.7 m above the relevant reference plane, e.g. walking surface, and 1.5 m

sideways or downwards either from the top of any edge barrier that physically prevents arm

access or from the edge of that surface if there is no effective edge barrier; alternatively,

lower distances determined in accordance with AS 4024.1801 considering the

circumstances and any protective structures present.

1.3.6 Assembly

The process of converting a ride or device from its condition for transport to that of being

suitable for operation in the case of a mobile ride or device. For a fixed ride or device, the

process of building up from as supplied component parts.

1.3.7 Attendant

A person working under the supervision of an operator.




9 AS 3533.22009


1.3.8 Authority

The authority having statutory powers to enforce legislative requirements regarding the

design, manufacture, installation, registration and operation of amusement rides and devices

covered by this Standard.

NOTE: Appendix A contains information regarding legislative requirements for amusement rides

and devices, and a list of some of the authorities responsible for overseeing the implementation of

such requirements.

1.3.9 Cable waterskiing system

A device where patrons are towed along on a body of water by ropes attached to a powered,

overhead, continuous cable system running around sheaves contained in support structures

or towers.

1.3.10 Competent person

A person who has acquired through training, qualifications or experience, or a combination

of these, the knowledge and skills enabling that person to perform a specified task.

NOTE: Appendix B provides suggestions for the training, qualifications or experience considered

appropriate to possess for the various competent persons referred to in this Standard.

1.3.11 Design

The preconceived scheme and substance of the ride or device contrived to achieve the

purpose of the ride or device.

1.3.12 Designer

The person responsible for the design of an amusement ride or device.

1.3.13 Failure

The cessation of the capacity of a component, element or assembly to undertake the task for

which it is included in a design.

1.3.14 Fault

An observed condition

(a) precedent to a failure and may include

(i) corrosion;

(ii) wear;

(iii) cracking;

(iv) instability;

(v) unusual noise or vibration; or

(vi) any other discovery that a component is no longer suitable for purpose or is

likely to become unsuitable for purpose; or

(b) creating a risk to health and safety, e.g. sharp edges, trip hazards or a breakdown in

electrical insulation.

1.3.15 Flume

A shaped channel containing flowing water, along which patrons are transported in various

floating vehicles.

1.3.16 Flying fox

A device consisting of an elevated rope on which a pulley or trolley system (fox) is used to

transport patrons between two support structures.




AS 3533.22009 10


1.3.17 Log

A medium for retaining records permanently, which may include electronic files, paper-

based logs or logbooks.

1.3.18 Minor storage

The amount of directly available fuel kept in or around an amusement device (excluding

fuel contained in dedicated in-built fuel tanks) necessary to ensure that the daily fuel

requirement of the device is able to be met.

1.3.19 Operation

All aspects of the management and control of the ride or device while it is carrying people

so that they experience the ride or motion that the ride or device is designed to supply.

1.3.20 Operator

The person having overall control of an amusement device.

1.3.21 Passenger conveyor

A device where skiers and others are transported, while standing, for recreational purposes

on a moving element, excluding devices used as loading conveyors.

1.3.22 Passenger ropeway

A powered ropeway used for transporting, in a horizontal or inclined plane, passengers

moved by carriers that are

(a) attached to or supported by a moving rope; or

(b) attached to a moving rope but supported by a standing rope, or other overhead

structure.

The term includes the prime mover and any transmission machinery, supporting structure

and equipment. It does not include equipment such as cog railways, cablecars running on

rails, equipment such as flying foxes or elevating systems for vehicles or boat-style carriers

associated with amusement rides such as log or boat flume rides.

1.3.23 Patron

A person participating in an amusement ride or device.

1.3.24 Proprietor

The person having, at any given time, the legal responsibility for the management of an

amusement device.

1.3.25 Roller coaster

A device that transports patrons in wheeled vehicles that are continuously in contact with

and travel along a fixed rail system permitting (in part or in whole) the motion to be the

result of the acceleration due to gravity. Such devices may be categorized as inverting

roller coasters where, by virtue of a rotation of the rail, patrons attain an attitude of head

below abdomen for at least some portion of the ride.

1.3.26 Supervisor

The competent person who is appointed by the proprietor of an amusement ride or device to

manage the day-to-day operation of the ride or device.

1.3.27 Toboggan ride (aquatic)

A device so designed that patrons seated on a toboggan travel down an inclined, trough-

shaped track or shaped channel. The toboggan may be wheeled or on skids, and the device

may or may not incorporate a braking system, a water stop, or a combination of both.




11 AS 3533.22009


1.3.28 Toboggan ride (land-based)

A device so designed that patrons seated on a toboggan travel down an inclined slope in a

shaped channel set into the ground. The toboggan may be wheeled and incorporates a

patron-operated braking system.

NOTE: The term bobsled is also used for this device.

1.3.29 Train

A system of linked vehicles operating on rails, pavement or hard ground and powered by

internal prime mover(s) or an independent, linked prime mover vehicle.

1.3.30 Vehicle

Any carrier (e.g. car, gondola, chair, capsule, compartment or similar) on or in which

patrons are supported, contained or carried when participating in an amusement ride or

using an amusement device.

1.3.31 Waterborne ride

A device that involves patrons travelling, either for part of or for the whole of the ride, in

vehicles floating on and propelled by water in a flume. The flume may terminate at the foot

of an elevating system that returns vehicles and patrons to a higher point. Patrons are not

immersed at any time, and do not become wet unless due to incidental splashing.

1.3.32 Water slide

An aquatic amusement device with an inclined sliding surface terminating in a run-out

trough or pool. Patrons descend the slide (with or without any sliding device between the

patron and the slide) usually under the influence of gravity, with water as the friction-

reducing medium.




AS 3533.22009 12


S E C T I O N 2 S I T E L A Y O U T , A S S E M B L Y A N D

E R E C T I O N , A N D E L E C T R I C A L

R E Q U I R E M E N T S

2.1 SITE LAYOUT

2.1.1 Choice of site

The ground chosen for a site should have a firm surface, be well drained and shall be

capable of carrying safely, without excessive settlement, any loads likely to be imposed

upon it. The following additional factors should also be considered in the choice of a site:

(a) The slope or unevenness of the ground.

(b) Perimeter protection.

(c) Availability of services, e.g. electricity, water, drainage and sewerage, and fire

services.

(d) Prevailing or possible wind speed.

(e) Access and egress for patrons, emergency vehicles and equipment.

(f) The proximity of surrounding buildings, man-made or natural objects and cultivated

areas in relation to the potential for collision and the risk of the spread of fire.

(g) The air space required for the ride to operate and not infringe on the air space of other

rides or activities (see Clause 2.1.5.2).

(h) Known history of the site (see Clause 2.1.4).

(i) The proximity of other devices (see Clause 2.1.5).

(j) The proximity of electrified conductors (see Clause 2.1.6).

(k) The possibility of uplift, caused by the action of the device itself or by the wind

acting upon it, and the effect of such uplift upon the ground chosen for the site.

NOTE: The foregoing considerations also apply, with appropriate modifications, where a show,

carnival or similar attraction is on a pier or other elevated structure. In such cases, a detailed

examination of the pier or other structure may be necessary to establish permissible loadings and

to determine whether the larger point loads should be spread over the structure. The capacity of

any pier or structure upon which an amusement ride or device is to be set up may need to be

proved and certified by a competent person.

2.1.2 Preparation of site

The site should be prepared and maintained so that it provides an even and substantially

level surface for those parts on which rides are to be assembled (to minimize the need for

packing). Care should be taken to avoid creating hazards which may cause people to trip or

stumble.

2.1.3 Condition of site

The condition of a site should be checked regularly to ensure that its load-bearing

capabilities have not deteriorated. Settlement in the ground can cause instability, thus

requiring repacking and relevelling of a device.

NOTE: Evidence of deterioration of a site may be hidden from view by the devices themselves.

2.1.4 Seismic activity (earthquakes)

In the case of mobile amusement devices and temporary structures not permanently

founded, the proprietor should consider the known history of the site regarding seismic

activity and take into account the probability of such an occurrence. Advice from the

manufacturer or a competent person may be necessary to ensure the stability of a device

under such circumstances.




13 AS 3533.22009


2.1.5 Clearances

2.1.5.1 General

In all cases, the appropriate clearances as required by AS 3533.1 shall be present.

2.1.5.2 Horizontal clearances for temporary set-ups

Devices should be located so that the moving parts of one device cannot come within less

than 2 m of any fixed man-made or natural object or any moving parts of another device

under all conditions of operation, unless

(a) fixed barriers of substantial construction exist between the device and the object or

the two devices; and

(b) a hazard identification and risk assessment covering the potential for injury to

patrons, bystanders, passers-by, operators or maintenance personnel indicates that the

arrangement presents no risk.

2.1.5.3 Vertical clearances for temporary set-ups

Devices shall be located so that the vertical clearance between the moving parts of one ride

and the moving or fixed parts of another ride is maintained at a minimum of 2.5 m in

addition to any ride envelope clearances required in AS 3533.1.

For temporary set-ups, rides that overhang public access areas shall have a minimum

ground to ride envelope clearance, above the public access area, of 4.5 m where vehicles

can be present.

2.1.5.4 Emergency clearances

Consideration should be given to the space required for emergency evacuation of a device

in the case of fire or a mechanical failure resulting in the use of emergency services to

rescue patrons.

NOTE: Particular attention should be paid to devices featuring enclosed areas (e.g. ghost trains).

2.1.6 Set-up and operation near power lines

2.1.6.1 Above ground power lines

In this Clause, power lines are taken to be permanent arrangements of aerial electricity

conductors providing for the reticulation of electrical power to consumers.

Most States and Territories of Australia have specific rules and requirements governing

activities near power lines. Rules are established and published or otherwise made readily

available to any person who may have to carry out work of various types in proximity to

power lines such as the use of mobile plant (cranes in particular), scaffolding and building.

Persons needing to establish or operate amusement rides or devices shall comply with the

specific requirements of local legislation concerning the appropriate dimensions for

exclusion zones relevant to all phases of their work, e.g. set-up using cranes, set-up using

only manual handling, operational clearances.

NOTES:

1 The diagrams in Appendix C reflect the general form of the rules set by the relevant

authorities and provide a framework for the appropriate enquiry to be made.

2 It cannot be assumed that the dimensions for clearances, exclusion zones and zones requiring

the assistance of an observer (spotter) that apply under any particular jurisdiction will equate

to those under another jurisdiction. Nor is it appropriate to make any assumption as to these

dimensions from the comparison of systems on poles (be they timber, metal, concrete or

composite) to those on pylons or towers.




AS 3533.22009 14


In the case of power lines carried on pylons or towers, persons should assume that the

system traverses an easement extending to a considerable width along the line of the system

(typically this could be 50 m each side of the extreme tower bases). Any works within such

an easement may only be carried out with the express permission of the owner of the

easement (typically a power supply company) and in conformity with the conditions set

down by that permit.

2.1.6.2 Underground power lines

In this Clause, underground power lines are taken to be permanent arrangements of

electrical conductors directly buried under protective covers or slabs, within conduits or

pipes or within ducts or tunnels.

Persons responsible for installing or erecting an amusement ride or device shall make all

appropriate enquiries as to the existence of underground power line systems at any site and

any rules applying to the permissible proximity of equipment, the permissible loading on

the ground above and any necessity to avoid clearing soil or driving spikes, pegs or stakes

in the vicinity or beyond any particular depth.

2.1.7 Locations within buildingsEmergency provisions

Where a device is within a building having other functions, e.g. within a shopping complex

or hall, specific attention shall be paid to the following to ensure compatibility of the

emergency procedures for the device with those of the building or complex:

(a) Provision of emergency systems to effect disembarkation.

(b) Special features required for operation under fire or emergency evacuation

conditions, including provision of emergency lighting for evacuation paths and areas

around the device, which operating staff may need to access to effect evacuation.

(c) Training of operators and proof of procedures to address emergency evacuation

requirements.

2.1.8 Lighting

Adequate lighting shall be provided within, and for the approaches to, any device that

operates in a building or at night.

2.2 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION

2.2.1 General

The assembly and dismantling of devices shall be carried out by or under the direct

supervision of competent persons and in accordance with manufacturers instructions. If

instructions from the manufacturer are unavailable for part or all of the assembly or

dismantling processes, instructions developed and assessed by competent persons shall be

used. The guidance given in Clause 2.2.5 is not intended to override such instructions.

2.2.2 Lighting

Work shall not be carried out where the lighting is insufficient to allow for the work to be

safely and properly performed and checked.

2.2.3 Public safety

No work in connection with the assembly or dismantling of amusement rides and devices

shall be carried out where such work can present a hazard to the public. Any zones of

concern around a device during assembly or dismantling should be clearly delineated, with

appropriate signage posted.




15 AS 3533.22009


2.2.4 Suitability of equipment and parts

The parts, tools, working platforms, scaffolding and lifting equipment shall be suitable for

the application. Such equipment should comply with the relevant Australian Standard.

2.2.5 Quality of assembly work

Assembly work shall comply with the following:

(a) Parts shall not be bent, distorted, cut or otherwise damaged.

(b) Makeshift devices shall not be used.

(c) Parts shall be aligned in order to fit them.

(d) Parts requiring lubrication shall be lubricated prior to or in the course of assembly.

(e) Cotter pins, split pins, tab washers and similar shall be suitable for the particular

application and properly spread where necessary.

(f) Reusable retaining pins such as R-pins and lynch pins shall be replaced when outside

their allowable tolerance.

(g) Any fitting used in conjunction with a wire rope (e.g. a loadcell, turnbuckle or

shackle) to secure an amusement device whilst in service shall be of adequate

strength, stamped with its working load limit (WLL) and not be exposed to forces

beyond its WLL.

2.2.6 Wire rope grips (bulldog grips)

Wire rope grips shall not be used for making terminations on live running ropes (i.e. a rope

that applies force to a moving object) nor where the rope is required to support persons or

suspended loads.

Unless special types of wire rope grips are specified by the manufacturer, wire rope grips

shall comply with AS 2076 and have correct markings for the rope size being used. Wire

rope grips shall not be used to directly connect two straight lengths of rope. Wire rope grips

should not be used where there is a likelihood of the rope having to be lengthened at the

grip end. Unless a manufacturer calls for the use of a special type of wire rope grip, the

correct fitting method shall be used (see Figure 2.1).

FIGURE 2.1 FITTING WIRE ROPE GRIPS

Wire rope grip terminations shall have the minimum number of grips as shown in Table 2.1.

Where there is the potential for injury if a grip termination failure occurs, one additional

grip shall be used.




AS 3533.22009 16


TABLE 2.1

INSTALLATION OF WIRE ROPE GRIPS

FOR EYE ATTACHMENT

Rope diameter

mm No. of grips

Min. spacing of grips

mm

8 3 50

9 3 60

11 3 65

12 3 75

16 3 100

18 4 115

22 4 135

24 4 150

28 5 175

32 5 200

2.2.7 Bolted joints

Bolted joints shall be assembled, disassembled (if required), and regularly checked in

accordance with the following requirements:

(a) All bolts shall be the correct size and grade or property class, as specified for the ride

or device by the designer, manufacturer or a competent person. They shall fit the

fastening holes in the designed manner and be equipped with appropriate nuts and

washers. When high tensile bolts are used, a nut of corresponding grade or property

class and a high tensile washer under the rotating component shall be used. High

tensile bolts shall not be used with lower strength nuts and washers.

NOTES:

1 Bolt heads and nuts should be checked for marks indicating their tensile strength and

items not showing such marks should not be used. If existing bolts that are being removed

from a ride or device do not show identification marks, they should be replaced after

checking the details of the bolt that should be used in documentation supplied by the

designer or manufacturer, or consulting a competent person if this is not available.

2 Appendix D provides information on commonly used markings and their meanings.

3 A certificate of compliance should be requested when purchasing fastener assemblies.

(b) Bolts shall not be forced into a misaligned hole in such a way that the bolt can be bent

or damaged in installation. Bolts shall not be bent and any bent bolt shall be

discarded. The alignment of the bolt head and nut shall be checked prior to tightening

to ensure they are parallel.

NOTE: When tightening a joint, it is recommended that bolts be inserted and nuts loosely

done up in all positions that relate to the particular joint, then an alignment check of the joint

surfaces be carried out and alignment corrected as necessary, prior to any bolt being tightened

to its final required tension.

(c) Bolts shall be tightened in accordance with an appropriate tightening procedure set

down by the designer or manufacturer or decided after consultation with a competent

person. The tightening specification shall clearly identify the bolt size, grade or

property class, designed pre-tension and tolerance limits. If torque is specified as the

tightening method, it shall be accompanied with the specified coating or finish of the

bolt, condition of the bolt (new or used) and lubricity level or use of particular thread

anti-seize, corresponding to the specified torque. Regular checking of the remaining

bolt pre-tension on safety-critical joints shall be carried out at intervals determined by




17 AS 3533.22009


the designer or manufacturer of the ride or device or decided after consultation with a

competent person. During this inspection, other parameters that could impact the

performance of the joint such as existence of micro-cracks, corrosion, stress corrosion

and physical damage shall also be evaluated. Bolts tightened to yield shall not be used

again.

NOTES:

1 The safety-critical joints that are subject to cyclic loading can develop cracks and the

bolts can disintegrate if the joints are under or over tightened. Bolt pre-tension is very

important and the bolt should be tensioned to the design pre-tension within a certain

tolerance limit identified in the design. Documentation for the ride or device should

include the appropriate pre-tension value and its tolerance limits. Direct tension

indication devices may need to be used to ensure correct pre-tension. If torque is used as a

tightening method for safety-critical joints subject to cyclic loading, laboratory tests or

in-situ tests need to be conducted to check that the prescribed torque will always achieve

a tension within the design tolerance limits. If the design pre-tension and the tolerance

limits are not available in the documentation supplied by the designer or manufacturer,

this should be established through consulting the designer or manufacturer or a competent

person.

2 If the surfaces to be joined together do not close with reasonable force used on the bolt,

the joint should be investigated and corrective action to be taken prior to tightening the

bolts.

3 The cleanliness and condition of bolts prior to tightening should be assessed and the use

of a new bolt should be considered if the bolt is not adequately clean or the integrity of

the bolt is suspect. This is more so when torque is used as the tightening specification.

(d) The use of proprietary thread repair systems shall be supervised by a competent

person.

(e) Stainless steel bolts shall not be used unless the ride or device is specifically designed

for their use or they are being used following consultation with a competent person.

(f) Bolts shall not be reused if there is any thread damage visible. Bolts showing

distortion or wear shall be discarded.

NOTE: The thread may be checked using a thread gauge or a new bolt as a thread gauge.

(g) Bolts and nuts, particularly high tensile bolts, shall not be welded unless this is part

of the original design, or it is deemed appropriate by a competent person.

(h) Prevailing torque nuts (e.g. Nyloc nuts) shall not be used for joints subject to frequent

disassembly or to replace any nuts without approval from the designer or

manufacturer or a competent person.

NOTE: The suitability of some prevailing torque nuts for reuse depends on the application

and reference should be made to the manufacturers instructions.

(i) Safety-critical joints shall not rely solely on prevailing torque nuts.

In addition to the requirements in Items (a) to (j), a regular replacement program should be

instituted for assembly bolts that are subject to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). High

tensile bolts (Class 10.9 or higher) and stainless steel bolts are prone to SCC. The interval

of replacement should be as set down by the designer or manufacturer or decided after

consultation with a competent person.

2.2.8 Packing and blocking

2.2.8.1 General

Amusement rides and devices shall be set up to maintain stability under all conditions of

operation. Where packings and blockings are used to achieve this, the following should be

considered in their selection and deployment:

(a) The manufacturers instructions.




AS 3533.22009 18


(b) The bearing capacity of the ground or mounting surface on which the ride or device is

to be erected.

(c) The period of time for which the ride or device will be situated at the particular

location.

(d) The drainage of the site both with and without the device in position.

(e) The topography of the site in so far as it affects the provision of level surfaces under

load points, and the stability of soil at those points (slippage problems).

NOTE: Amusement rides and devices are generally designed in mobile or permanent (park)

models. Mobile equipment is, by nature, configured to have reasonably adjustable, specific

mounting points usually arranged for level ground, while permanent or park equipment frequently

requires purpose-built foundations, which are independent of the device itself. It is not unusual

for mobile equipment to become permanent or semi-permanent installations, in which case the

design of packing and blocking systems should be overseen by the manufacturer or a competent

person.

2.2.8.2 Short term set-ups

Brittle fibre composites shall not be used in any packing.

The following principles should be adhered to for the packing of amusement rides and

devices, where the set-up is for a period not exceeding 3 months and, where specific

instructions, equipment or systems are not provided by the manufacturer of the device:

(a) The bearing capacity of the site should be estimated on the basis of prior experience

or the advice of a competent person. In the absence of such an estimate, no site

should be assessed to have a capacity in excess of 100 kPa (10 t/m2). The base area of

packings (i.e. at the ground surface) should be estimated from the above and the

known or estimated total of static and dynamic load to be applied at each point of

support.

NOTE: Guidelines for establishing the suitability of a particular site for load-bearing

capabilities are given in Appendix E.

(b) The site should be checked for drainage and the absence of soft spots, sink holes or

other factors which would affect the capacity or stability of the packing at any of the

load points.

NOTE: Special care is required where tarmac is the bearing surface.

(c) The ground should be cleared of debris and surface irregularities in the location of the

load points, and levelled at those points either by cutting or building up with a

suitable fill such as brick sand.

NOTE: Where fill is required it may be necessary to reduce the estimate of bearing capacity.

(d) Packings should be assembled from blocks and shims.

Blocks should be of timber (such as Australian hardwood, oregon or moisture-

resistant plywood) or reinforced concrete, and should be free of defects. They should

be in square or rectangular sections and cut cleanly with parallel sides. Masonry

blocks, bricks, or similar should not be used for short-term set-ups, and should only

be used in permanent or semi-permanent installations (see Note to Clause 2.2.8.1)

where deemed acceptable by a competent person.

Shims (packings of less than 32 mm timber or 25 mm plywood) should be from steel,

moisture resistant plywood, high quality, dressed hardwood with thickness greater

than 8 mm or should be proprietary plastic shims.

(e) No packing, block or stack should have a ground bearing area dimension less than

that of the load point (float, jack, or similar) to which it applies. Blocks in ground

contact in any circumstance should provide an area not less than 200 mm 200 mm.




19 AS 3533.22009


(f) Packing stacks should be assembled from the minimum number of individual blocks,

constructed in alternate layers of increasing dimension (from the top down) so as to

maintain stability. Bridged packing layers should be avoided. Shims installed to level

and stabilize layers should be fixed by nailing as the layers are constructed.

(g) Before a device is put into operation, packings should be checked to ensure that they

are securely fixed in position and do not permit differential settlement, which can be

detrimental to the safe running and stability of the device.

2.2.9 Control stations

Control stations shall be arranged to prevent any interference by the public when

unattended.

Wherever possible, control stations should be located to provide the operator of the device

with an unrestricted view of the device and all embarkation and disembarkation stations.

Where a device has remote areas or areas obscured from the view of the operator, means of

observing and communicating with patrons should be provided at the control station.

2.2.10 Access

Access doors and hatches and any gaps on or beneath devices, which are large enough to

permit unauthorized whole or part of body access, should be sealed or effectively guarded.

2.2.11 Crowd control

2.2.11.1 General

An amusement ride or device shall be provided with crowd control fences, barriers, or other

physical measures as may be necessary to

(a) facilitate the orderly queuing of patrons;

(b) ensure the safety of spectators, passers-by and persons queuing to use the device;

(c) define the safe loading and unloading area;

(d) provide adequate passage for operating staff and patrons; and

(e) exclude unauthorized persons from operating staff and patron areas.

NOTE: Fences and guards required to exclude operating staff, patrons and other persons from

unsafe areas should have been determined in accordance with AS 3533.1 by a competent person

and their continued adequacy may be assessed by application of the process described in

Appendix F (see also Clause 2.2.12).

2.2.11.2 Crowd control barriers

Crowd control barriers shall be not less than 900 mm in height, and shall remain stable

when loaded by a horizontal force of 70 N (approximately equivalent to the weight of a

7 kg mass), applied in any direction, to the uppermost edge. Crowd control barriers shall

not be used as the fence around a ride.

2.2.12 Additional fencing

Any additional site-specific fencing required to prevent any person from reaching a danger

point shall

(a) delineate the zone of concern;

(b) be not less than 1 m in height above adjacent surfaces;

(c) be constructed to effectively prevent any person from moving through it or under it;

and

(d) have no less strength and stability than the existing fence.

NOTE: AS 4024.1801 illustrates distances for prevention of access to danger points.




AS 3533.22009 20


2.2.13 Signage

Where required, signs for the control of patrons, the safe use of a device or the operating

restrictions for a device shall be prominently positioned, clearly legible and of a consistent

presentation. The information on such signs should include the following:

(a) The minimum or maximum allowable dimensions of patrons.

NOTE: Indicators may be installed to assist operating staff in preventing patrons of

unsuitable size from boarding a device.

(b) Advice that physical capabilities may be required where forces created by the device

may demand limb use or body control.

(c) Advice for patrons who are pregnant, have medical conditions or are under

medication.

(d) Advice for patrons under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

(e) Advice on the potential for motion sickness.

(f) Any other specific advice about the safe operation of the device, e.g. loose articles.

Emergency exit signs shall comply with the requirements of Clause 2.3.6.

2.2.14 Discharge of exhaust fumes

Engine exhaust fumes or noxious fumes from any source shall be discharged clear of any

persons or equipment.

2.2.15 Access and egress for patrons of rides and devices

Access ways for patrons boarding or disembarking from a ride or device shall be clearly

defined, illuminated where necessary and supervised by the operator.

Where clearances and step-up heights to cars and gondolas are set by the operator on

erection of the ride or device, the operator shall ensure the clearances and heights comply

with those specified by the manufacturer in documentation with the device or by a

competent person.

Where a single step up, or over a combing of more than 300 mm is necessary to board (or

exit) a car or gondola, the operator shall provide appropriate instructions to ensure patrons

are aware of the most appropriate method for boarding and exiting the car. Operators shall

ensure that sufficient trained attendants are available to assist patrons in boarding and

exiting the cars or gondolas of devices where the motion of cars due to boarding activities

or the step-up height could create a hazard to patrons.

NOTES:

1 Where any step exceeds 215 mm, handholds should be provided wherever practical.

2 Edges of steps and combings should be highlighted, and illuminated when visibility is poor.

3 Step surfaces should, as far as practical, be slip resistant and kept free of any substance which

may reduce the anti-slip characteristics (e.g. mud or water).

4 Refer to requirements for restricting the motion of freewheeling vehicles in AS 3533.1.

5 Examples of appropriate arrangements for a selection of circumstances are illustrated in

Figure 2.2. While not shown here, many other types of rides and devices have similar sets of

arrangements which address the issues of access and egress appropriately.




21 AS 3533.22009


DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES

FIGURE 2.2 (in part) EXAMPLES OF APPROPRIATE ACCESS

AND EGRESS ARRANGEMENTS




AS 3533.22009 22








23 AS 3533.22009








AS 3533.22009 24





2.3 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.3.1 General

All electrical equipment used in the assembly, erection and operation of an amusement

device shall comply with this Clause and AS 3533.1.

NOTE: Some provisions of AS/NZS 3002 may apply to mobile amusement rides and devices.

2.3.2 High voltage

High voltage shall not be used on any amusement device unless used for

(a) cold-cathode illumination systems (e.g. neon lights), which shall comply with

AS/NZS 3832;

(b) special effects, e.g. flame effects, which shall comply with relevant Standards; or

(c) ignition systems for internal combustion engines.

NOTE: In accordance with AS/NZS 3000 the following defines the values for extra-low, low and

high voltages:

Voltage a.c. d.c.

Extra-low Less than or equal

to 50 V

Less than or equal

to 120 V ripple free

Low Greater than 50 V,

less than or equal

to 1 000 V

Greater than

120 V, less than or

equal to 1 500 V

High Exceeding low voltage




25 AS 3533.22009


2.3.3 Switchboards

All switchboards shall be mounted in tool or key-lockable enclosures located in positions

not readily accessible to unauthorized persons and shall be locked where a risk of

electrocution exists.

2.3.4 Specific requirements for all electrical installations

Every electrical installation shall comply with the following requirements:

(a) Exposed lamps, except where supplied by extra-low voltage or protected by a Type 2

residual current device (RCD) complying with AS/NZS 3190, shall not be installed

within arms reach of any position accessible to the public.

(b) Pendant, roving controls or any controls handled by patrons shall be connected to an

extra-low voltage supply.

(c) Pendant, roving controls or any controls handled by operating staff shall be either

double insulated or connected to an extra-low voltage supply.

(d) An electric cable passing under an amusement device or within 900 mm of any

moving part thereof shall be adequately protected.

(e) No damaged or faulty cable, appliance, switch or electrical fitting shall be permitted

or retained as part of any electrical installation.

(f) Where an amusement device is connected by means of a flexible cord and plug to a

voltage supply exceeding extra-low voltage

(i) any suspended wiring shall be of stranded cables and shall not be within arms

reach of the ground or floor level; and

(ii) any electrical wiring that is on the ground and vulnerable to damage shall be

mechanically protected.

Inspection and testing shall be carried out on portable electrical equipment including cord

extension sets, electrical portable outlet devices (EPODs), flexible cords connected to fixed

equipment, all isolation transformers and all residual current devices in accordance with

AS/NZS 3760, and the frequency of such testing and inspection shall be as follows:

Interval between inspection and tests

Electrical Class of

equipment Residual current devices

Cord

extension

sets and

EPODs

Class I

(Protectively

earthed)

Class II

(Double

insulated)

(Inspection

only)

Push button test by user Operating time

RCD tester

Portable Fixed Portable Fixed

6 months 12 months Daily, or

before use,

whichever

is longer

6 months 12 months 12 months

6 months




AS 3533.22009 26


2.3.5 Requirements for electrical installations with electrified metallic grid

Where an electrified metallic grid is installed over an area of an amusement device

accessible to the public, it shall be

(a) supplied from an extra-low voltage supply obtained from the non-earthed secondary

of an isolating transformer complying with AS/NZS 61558.1, AS/NZS 61558.2.4 and

AS/NZS 61558.2.6 as appropriate;

(b) effectively insulated from its supports; and

(c) securely installed in a position at least 2.1 m above floor level and 250 mm clear of

any part of the same device other than its own means of support.

2.3.6 Emergency lighting

Emergency lighting shall be used and illuminated exit signs deployed, except where natural

light during power failure would be adequate. Such emergency lighting shall be inspected

and maintained in accordance with AS/NZS 2293.2. Where the nature of the construction

prevents the use of internally illuminated exit signs (e.g. light fabric walls), painted signs

illuminated by general and emergency lighting may be used.

For amusement rides and devices where darkness is an integral part of the ride, emergency

lighting and self-contained power source illuminated exit signs may be configured to only

be lit when

(a) deliberately activated by an emergency stop if fire detectors or smoke detectors are

fitted; or

(b) there is a general power failure to the ride.

In addition, the following requirements shall apply:

(i) Where the emergency power is not generated by a self-contained power source within

the device, an emergency generator or central battery system shall be used.

(ii) The emergency lighting and exit sign system shall be tested on a regular basis. For

mobile amusement devices, this testing shall take place each time the device is set up,

and prior to daily operation.

2.3.7 Lightning protection

An assessment of risk of lightning strike shall be made and appropriate control measures

implemented.

NOTE: AS 3533.1 provides guidance on assessment of the risk of lightning specific to amusement

rides and devices.

If lightning protection is supplied with the amusement device, it shall be deployed each

time the device is erected.

2.3.8 Earthing

Every amusement ride or device, which is electrically powered or otherwise supplied

(except at extra-low voltage), shall be earthed in accordance with the following

requirements:

(a) Conductive parts liable to become live under fault conditions of an amusement ride or

device shall be bonded to the protective power supply conductor (earthing conductor),

if necessary in more than one place if the type of construction does not ensure

continuity (e.g. a ticket box that is not permanently affixed to the device or ride

structure).

(b) Where power is site-generated, there shall be electrical continuity between the frame

of the generator and the frame of the ride or device.




27 AS 3533.22009


The size of any conductor bonding the main winding(s) to the frame shall not be less

than that of the live conductor.

(c) The electricity generating set shall comply with AS 2790 in respect to equipotential

(earthing) facilities and connections between main winding(s) and the frame, and

shall be configured in a manner providing protection to all sub-mains and final sub-

circuits.

NOTES:

1 Figures 2.3 and 2.4 illustrate how this can be achieved.

2 This may be achieved by providing a separated circuit only where each winding of the

electricity generating set supplies not more than one item of Class 1 electrical equipment.

All electrical connections bonding the frame of the generating set to the neutral

conductor or star point shall be provided on the line side of the electricity generating

set.

Earthing of generator frames is not required, nor recommended.

Earth electrodes are only required to facilitate lightning protection schemes (see

AS 3533.1). Prior to driving earth electrodes, the absence of underground services shall be

ascertained.

FIGURE 2.3 ISOLATED WINDING GENERATOR WITH INTEGRAL SOCKET OUTLETS




AS 3533.22009 28


FIGURE 2.4 GENERATOR WITH INTEGRAL RCD PROTECTED SOCKET OUTLET




29 AS 3533.22009


S E C T I O N 3 O R G A N I Z A T I O N A L

A R R A N G E M E N T S

3.1 PLANNING

An amusement ride or device shall only be operated when the following planning has been

carried out:

(a) Policies relating to an amusement device and procedures for its operation have been

prepared and communicated to all staff and are adhered to at all times.

(b) Legislation pertaining to occupational health and safety and the environment is

observed.

(c) In addition to the relevant specific requirements outlined in Section 4, all

manufacturers instructions relating to the safe operation of an amusement device and

any rider restrictions specified by the manufacturer, or determined by a competent

person in the absence of any instructions from the manufacturer, are followed.

NOTE: Additional safety criteria as specified by the designer, manufacturer, importer,

supplier, erector or (where implemented) any quality assurance scheme, may also have to be

met.

(d) A supervisor and sufficient operating staff have been appointed and a supervisor is

accessible to operating staff at all times while the device is operating.

(e) The supervisor and all operating staff have received sufficient training and instruction

in the safe set-up, operation and maintenance of the device (including training in

emergency procedures, operation of emergency controls and, where appropriate,

retrieval/rescue of patrons) for them to be considered competent persons, and that

they understand their roles in the control of all activity of the device.

NOTES:

1 Legislation relating to the safety of amusement devices may require periodic inspection of

devices by competent persons, and the certification of operators of certain equipment

(e.g. steam equipment) associated with, or forming part of an amusement device.

2 Guidelines for the selection and instruction of operators are given in Appendix G.

(f) Sufficient fencing, handrails, guards and crowd control barriers are supplied and

installed in accordance with the requirements of AS 3533.1 and Clauses 2.2.11

and 2.2.12.

(g) An appropriate level of first aid training and equipment is available, and all incidents

requiring first aid are recorded and the records retained in accordance with the

requirements of the relevant regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the area in

which the amusement device is to be set up and operated.

NOTES:

1 It may be required by legislation to report all lost-time injuries, incidents involving bodily

injury or damage to equipment and serious incidents where no injury or damage to

equipment occurred. The circumstances that require such reporting may also vary, and the

relevant regulatory authority should be contacted for details. A list of such regulatory

authorities is given in Appendix A.

2 The level of first aid training and equipment required will vary for different amusement

devices and operations. Basic first aid equipment should be available on individual

devices, or a first aid facility should be set up to service a group of devices or an entire

operation. Such facilities should be established prior to commencement of operation in

any one location.

3 A log of incidents requiring first aid should be maintained. Log entries should include

(a) name and address of person(s) involved;




AS 3533.22009 30


(b) details of injury;

(c) details of treatment given;

(d) all relevant background information, including the time and place of the incident

and the operational stage of the device involved;

(e) prevailing weather conditions;

(f) names of witnesses; and

(g) any relevant comments made by the injured party or others.

4 A log of incidents not requiring first aid should also be maintained. Log entries should

include

(a) name and address of person(s) involved;

(b) details of injury;

(c) details of treatment given;

(d) all relevant background information, including the time and place of the incident

and the operational stage of the device involved;

(e) prevailing weather conditions;

(f) names of witnesses; and

(g) any relevant comments made by those involved.

(h) Each amusement ride or device has been subject to a hazard identification risk

assessment and risk control process by a competent person each time the device has

been set up.

NOTE: Legislation requires this process to be carried out. Appendix F contains guidance in

this respect, and includes a flow chart for a typical hazard identification, risk assessment and

risk control process, which may be applied to amusement rides and devices.

(i) The records and documentation relating to the device (including records of testing of

equipment and staff training) are fully maintained.

3.2 OPERATION

An amusement ride or device shall only be operated when

(a) the device is set up in accordance with Section 2;

(b) the device is operated in a responsible manner;

(c) the device does not carry more than the maximum number of patrons which the

device was designed to accommodate;

(d) the device is not overloaded or loaded in a manner which may cause the device to

become out of balance during operation;

(e) the device is not operated at an unsafe speed or at a speed greater than that

recommended by the manufacturer;

(f) the device is not in a condition whereby an automatic response to unsafe

circumstances within the control system is overridden or disabled;

(g) patrons have received sufficient instructions to enable them to participate safely

without putting themselves or others at risk;

NOTE: Appendix H contains guidance on instructions for patrons relating to patron

responsibility.

(h) the movement of patrons and attendants on or within the device is adequately

controlled to prevent the risk of collision or injury;

(i) patrons with loose clothing, accessories or unrestrained hair are not permitted to

participate where there is a risk of entanglement;

(j) loose items that could escape during the ride and create a hazard are not permitted;




31 AS 3533.22009


(k) any patron restraints provided are used;

(l) attendants are supervised and perform their duties in accordance with the instructions

and training provided to them;

NOTE: Safety guidelines for operators are given in Appendix I.

(m) the level of noise to which operating staff and patrons are exposed is below the

specified legal limits;

(n) all maintenance, replacements, repairs and inspections are carried out in accordance

with Section 5; and

(o) a copy of the instructions developed in accordance with Items (a) and (c) of

Clause 3.1 are available at all times.




AS 3533.22009 32


S E C T I O N 4 S P E C I F I C O P E R A T I O N A L

R E Q U I R E M E N T S

4.1 GENERAL

Specific operational requirements are intended to expand and complement (rather than

contradict) the operational requirements outlined in Section 3, any designers or

manufacturers instructions or other requirements as may be specified by other bodies. The

specific operational requirements shall be applied as minimum requirements apart from

where there is any contradiction between these requirements and the instructions supplied

by the designer or manufacturer, in which case, any instructions provided by the designer or

manufacturer take precedence.

The specific operational requirements for some types of amusement rides and devices are

set out in Clauses in this Section. For certain other types of amusement rides and devices,

the specific operational requirements are set out in other Australian Standards. Examples of

such other Australian Standards are as follows:

(a) For inflatable devices, AS 3533.4.1.

(b) For roller coasters, AS 3533.4.3.

4.2 AQUATIC AND WATERBORNE AMUSEMENT DEVICES

4.2.1 Water quality

The water quality shall comply with the relevant requirements specified in Appendix J.

4.2.2 Chemicals

Chemicals for water treatment should be stored and handled in accordance with the material

safety data sheet (MSDS) supplied with the chemicals.

NOTE: Legislation generally requires MSDSs to be supplied at all times with chemicals.

4.2.3 Entry and exit

The manner of entry to and exit from the device shall prevent any possibility of patrons or

vehicles colliding with each other.

4.2.4 Water slides

4.2.4.1 General

The requirements in Clause 4.2.4.2 apply unless the height of the slide does not exceed 3 m

and a risk assessment for collisions determines there is minimal risk of injury to patrons if a

collision occurs.

4.2.4.2 Dispatching

The following requirements apply for dispatching riders on water slides:

(a) Orientation The appropriate orientation and posture of patrons for safe use of a

water slide shall be prominently displayed by signage at the approach and boarding

points. Unless the water slide is specifically designed and equipped to accept riders in

a head-first orientation, no patron shall be permitted to commence a ride except in a

feet-first posture.

NOTE: It may be expected that any water slide designed to operate head-first will require the

use of a special mat or protective device.




33 AS 3533.22009


(b) Order and spacing An effective method to prevent collisions between patrons on a

water slide shall be put in place and maintained and shall include

(i) supervision of the start point;

(ii) the dispatching of riders at no less than a minimum spacing which has been

established as safe by exhaustive testing and may be signalled by an automatic

or manual light system or similar device; and

(iii) the provision of instructions for safe riding given both verbally and by signage.

Water slides shall be monitored to ensure that the slowing or stopping of a rider is

noted and dispatch interrupted so as to minimize the chance of any collision.

(c) Riders The following requirements shall apply:

(i) No person shall be permitted to ride or be dispatched on a water slide while

wearing any eyewear, such as glasses or goggles.

(ii) Any rider restrictions recommended by the manufacturer or determined by a

competent person shall be enforced.

4.2.4.3 Water management

The following requirements shall apply:

(a) Levels of water in run-out troughs and splash pools shall be kept between appropriate

limits at all times during the operation of any slide to slow down and stop the rider.

(b) The flow of water onto a water slide shall be consistent and shall be maintained at

that quantity specified by the manufacturer, or determined by a competent person, at

all times during the operation of a water slide.

NOTE: Where a close tolerance is necessary for safe operation, a monitor and alarm system

should be in place for either or both of these characteristics (see AS 3533.1).

4.2.5 Rescue plan

A rescue plan shall be in place unless a risk assessment determines there is no risk of

patrons requiring rescue from water deeper than wading depth. In developing the rescue

plan, the need for operators and attendants to rescue patrons shall be considered.

4.2.6 First aid

First aid equipment shall be available at a designated location. A person with first aid,

expired air resuscitation (EAR) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) qualifications and

experience shall be immediately available during all operating hours. Additional portable

first aid equipment and qualified personnel should be considered for large facilities.

NOTES:

1 Personal protective equipment such as gloves and pocket-size face masks should be provided

for all first aid personnel.

2 The above first aid, expired air resuscitation (EAR) and CPR qualification requirements are

met by most general first aid courses leading to certification.

3 The Australian Resuscitation Council provides guidelines regarding appropriate levels of

training and equipment for first aiders.

4.2.7 Qualifications of operators and attendants

All operators and attendants who have supervisory responsibilities associated with splash

downs or run-out pools of aquatic amusement devices shall be certified and competent in

expired air resuscitation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid. These certifications

shall be current at the time of undertaking such supervisory responsibilities.




AS 3533.22009 34


Operators and attendants that may be required to rescue patrons should be proficient

swimmers, trained in the rescue system, e.g. the use of rescue techniques and the rescue

device or craft. Such rescue training may be demonstrated by the person holding a current

bronze medallion qualification.

4.2.8 Outdoor operations in inclement weather

If environmental conditions (e.g. severe rainfall or wind) impair visibility of a pool or water

slide to the extent that patrons cannot be supervised, the dispatch of patrons should be

ceased and, if necessary, the facility should be evacuated.

During an electrical storm, all pools and devices shall be evacuated. Patrons should be

advised to move to a designated area.

4.3 KARTS AND KART TRACKS

4.3.1 Fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Clause 6.3, and

fire blankets shall be placed around the track so that track attendants do not have to move

more than 20 m for their retrieval. The location of such fire equipment shall be clearly

identified in accordance with AS 2444. The fire equipment shall be inspected and

maintained in accordance with AS 1851 and the manufacturers instructions.

4.3.2 First aid

Adequate first aid equipment should be available at the attendants station and track

attendants should rece

Documents

AS 3533 2-2009