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NARROWING THEDEVELOPMENT GAP

ASEAN COMMUNITY PROGRESS MONITORING SYSTEM 2017

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August 1967. The Member States of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.

For inquiries, contact:The ASEAN SecretariatCommunity Relations Division (CRD)70A Jalan SisingamangarajaJakarta 12110IndonesiaPhone: (62 21) 724-3372, 726-2991Fax: (62 21) 739-8234, 724-3504E-mail: public@asean.org

Catalogue-in-Publication Data

ASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System 2017Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, October 2018

341.24731. ASEAN - Indicators - Statistics2. Economic - Socio-Cultural – Connectivity

ASEAN: A Community of Opportunities

The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, provided proper acknowledgement is given and a copy containing the reprinted material is sent to the Community Relations Division (CRD) of the ASEAN Secretariat, Jakarta

General information on ASEAN appears online at the ASEAN Website: www.asean.org

Copyright Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2018.All rights reserved.

This leaflet is supported by the Government of

Australia through the ASEAN-Australia Development

Cooperation Program Phase II (AADCP II).

ACPMSThe ASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System (ACPMS) is a project under the

ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program Phase II (AADCP II). It aims to track

pertinent socio-economic progress and trends in ASEAN through the use of outcomes-level

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and the ASEAN

Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC). These series of ACPMS infographics derived from the

ACPMS Report 2017, comprises of four themes which are inclusive development, tariff

liberatisation, connectivity and narrowing the development gap. The 2017 Report, the last of

the three ACPMS report series, complemented the existing broader regional integration

monitoring mechanisms for the ASEAN Community.

ASEAN COMMUNITY PROGRESS MONITORING SYSTEM 2017

NARROWING THEDEVELOPMENTGAP

GDP per capita is GDP divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added

by all resident producers in an economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not

included in the value of the products.

GDP per capita

Narrowing the Development GapAddressing the development gap in the region to achieve equitable economic development is an important

objective of the ASEAN integration agenda. Several initiatives have been put in place notably under the

Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI), which was launched in 2000 to provide a framework for regional

cooperation with a view to narrow the development gap within and across ASEAN Member States (AMS),

and enhance ASEAN’s overall competitiveness as a region. Significant improvements in the Cambodia,

Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam (CLMV) countries are demonstrated in terms of their gross domestic

product (GDP) per capita, as well as trade and investment performance.

Inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to direct investment equity flows to the reporting

economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital.

Flows of inward FDI$

International merchandise trade is the sum of merchandise exports and imports. Merchandise

exports represent the value of merchandise exported by the reporting economy to other

economies, while merchandise imports represent the value of merchandise imported by the

reporting economy from other economies.

International Merchandise Trade

The average GDP per capita in ASEAN has increased from US$2,673.3 in 2009 to

US$4,307.6 in 2017. While starting from a lower base, the average GDP per capita for

Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam (CLMV) has consistently increased

during the same period, reaching US$1,939.9 in 2017, leading to a narrowing of gap

with the average for Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore

and Thailand (ASEAN-6).

GDP per Capita in ASEAN (current US$)

20102009 20122011 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

3,308.0

952.5

2,673.3

3,293.5

3,766.7 3,950.8

4,083.1 4,080.3 3,901.4 4,046.3

4,101.4

1,109.1

4,647.9

1,339.8

4,840.5

1,495.2

4,977.5

1,603.9

4,933.1

1,717.8

4,683.9

1,724.1

4,845.3

1,821.1

ASEAN-6 ASEANCLMV

4,307.6

5,157.0

1,939.9

Source:ASEAN Secretariat

International Merchandise Trade in ASEAN (US$ billion)The trade performance of ASEAN continued to be robust, with the total value of

international merchandise trade in the region increasing from US$1,226.3 billion in

2005 to US$2,574.8 in 2017, despite the decline in 2009 and 2015. The total value of

international merchandise trade in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam

(CLMV) consistently increased over the same period, reaching US$491.6 billion, or

19.1% of total ASEAN in 2017.

2005

1,226.3

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

94.1%

5.9%

1,407.6

6.4%

93.6%

7.9%

1,614.0

92.1%

8.6%

1,901.0

91.4%9.6%

1,537.8

90.4%

9.1%

2,001.4

90.9%

9.8%

2,398.3

90.2%

10.6%

2,480.6

89.4%

12.2%

2,533.1

87.8%

13.6%

2,535.2

86.4%16.9%

2,272.9

83.1%

18.3%

2,238.6

81.7%

2017

19.1%

2,574.8

80.9%

Share of ASEAN-6 Share of CLMV ASEAN (billion US$)

Source: ASEAN Secretariat

Flows of Inward FDI to ASEAN (US$ billion)$

FDI inflows to ASEAN fluctuated from 2010 to 2017, but generally demonstrated a

positive trend. The flows to Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam (CLMV)

consistently increased from US$108.2 billion in 2010 to US$137 billion in 2017, or

from 10.5% to 16.7% of total FDI inflows to ASEAN.

Share of ASEAN-6 Share of CLMV ASEAN (billion US$)

Source: ASEAN Secretariat

2010 20122011 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

108.2

89.5%

10.5% 87.7

87.5%

12.5%

116.5

90.1%

9.9%

121.7

89.1%

10.9%

130.3

90.2%

9.8%

121.7

85.7%

14.3%

122.8

84.6%

15.4%

137.0

83.3%

16.7%