ASEAN Economic Community 2015

5/11/2018 ASEAN Economic Community 2015 - slidepdf.com

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http://www.aseansec.org/about_ASEAN.html






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4

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0

5# ôiul Modhtdmou*Imflc

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2

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KTOKC Pltlic 51517

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ektlt quinhtl -flmk~ eiht K#;,

Todkuk jj MF^@ jouohijocnktlhkc qocnohk~kc lc~obuktl ohicijl jofkfl quitonu

nkc hoelgkhkc eku c~h jojqouhk~ ljqfojoc~ktl eoeoukqk lcltlk~l` ohhicijl |kcb

tnkm knk ~oujkth KTOKC @uoo ûkno Kuok -K@^K, KTOKC @ukjoriuh Kbuoojoc~ ic

Toupldot -K@KT, nkc KTOKC Lcpot~joc~ Kuok -KLK,8 jojqoudoqk~ lc~obuktl uoblickf nl

toh~iu quliul~kt8 joj`ktlfl~ktl qouboukhkc ~ockbk hougk kmfl nkc eltclt8 jojqouhk~ lct~l~tl

KTOKC ~oujkth qoueklhkc fojekbk KTOKC Nltq~o To~~fojoc~ Jodmkcltj nkfkj

jocgkjlc hodoqk~kc nkc hohk~kc mhj kqkelfk ~ougknl tocbho~k# Nl fku l~ gbk

nlqk|khkc kbku lc~obuktl ohicijl |kcb eoufkcbtcb jojeoulhkc jkc`kk~ ekbl tofum

kcbbi~k KTOKC hmttc|k Cobkuk Hkjeigk Fkit J|kcjku nkc Plo~ckj -DFJP,#

Nocbkc t~uk~obl ~outoe~ nlmkukqhkc Cobkuk KTOKC todkuk eoutkjk*tkjk nkqk~ jocdkqkl

KOD qknk 51;?#

Qocdkqklkc KOD jojoufhkc ljjqfojoc~ktl fkcbhkm*fkcbhkm fleoukfltktl nkc hougk

tkjk ~oujjkth qoclcbhk~kc hougk tkjk nkc lc~obuktl nl kuok*kuok eku kc~kuk fklc7

Hijqo~ltl

Bfiekf

Jocdkqkl Thkfk

Ohicijlt Jojqouhk~Lc~obuktl

KTOKC Qktku

^cbbkf nkc Ektlt

Quinhtl

Jojehk Qktku

Nijot~lh Cobkuk

Kcbbi~k -Quinh nkc

@kh~iu Quinhtl,

Quitot

FleoukfltktlJohkcltjo

Qktku

Qoutklcbkc Eoekt

* Kc~kucobkuk

Kcbbi~k

* Nocbkc Hkrktkc

Fklc

Nk|k Tklcb

^kc~kcbkc

Qofkcb



<

qocbojekcbkc tjeou nk|k jkctlk nkc qoclcbhk~kc hkqktl~kt -dkqkdl~|*elfnlcb,8

hictf~ktl |kcb foelm ouk~ nl hoelgkhkc jkhuiohicijl nkc hokcbkc8 hoelgkhkc qojelk|kkc

qounkbkcbkc8 qoclcbhk~kc lcùkt~uh~u nkc mecbkc hijclhktl8 qocbojekcbkc ~ukctkhtl

ofoh~uiclh jofkfl o*KTOKC8 lc~obuktl lcnt~u| c~h joclcbhk~hkc tjeou nk|k uoblickf8

tou~k qoclcbhk~kc ho~ouflek~kc tod~iu trkt~k#

E# Qoudoqk~kc Qojeoc~hkc Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl KTOKC 51;?

Doe Nodfkuk~lic qknk ;4 Gkckul 5112 -;5~m KTOKC Tjjl~ , joj~thkc c~h

jojqoudoqk~ qojeoc~hkc KOD jocgknl 51;? bck jojqouhk~ nk|k tklcb KTOKC nkfkj

jocbmknkql hijqo~ltl bfiekf ~ou~kjk nkul Dmlck nkc Lcnlk# Eoeoukqk qou~ljekcbkc |kcb

jocnktkul mkf ~outoe~ knkfkm7 -l, qi~octl qocuckc elk|k quinhtl nl KTOKC toeotku ;1*51

qoutoc c~h ekukcb hictjtl toekbkl nkjqkh lc~obuktl ohicijl=8 -ll, joclcbhk~hkc

hojkjqkc hkrktkc nocbkc ljqfojoc~ktl t~kcnku nkc qukh~lh lc~oucktlickf lc~ofod~kf

quiqou~| ulbm~t nkc knkc|k qoutklcbkc# Nocbkc lc~obuktl ohicijl nlmkukqhkc lcùkt~uh~u

hkrktkc nkqk~ foelm eouhojekcb eoutkjkkc nocbkc lc~obuktl ~ukctqiu~ktl ~ofohijclhktl

nkc ocoub|# Lc~obuktl ohicijl gbk jojeoulhkc jkc`kk~ ekbl tod~iu trkt~k |kcb ~ouflek~

tofkjk quitot eoufkcbtcb# Nkul opkfktl |kcb nlfkhhkc ~oumknkq ;5 toh~iu quliul~kt

lc~obuktl Tojelfkc nl kc~kukc|k joc|jekcb foelm nkul ?1 qoutoc qounkbcbkc ekukcb nl

KTOKC# Nocbkc nojlhlkc fkcbhkm qoudoqk~kc lc~obuktl KTOKC jocgknl qoc~lcb c~h

jojkc`kk~hkc tojk qi~octl |kcb knk#

Qknk tkk~ lcl gbk nlfkhhkc qk|k qougkcglkc hhougk tkjk qounkbkcbkc kc~kuk KTOKC

nkc cobkuk jl~uk nkbkcb |kl~ Dmlck Lcnlk Goqkcb Hiuok Kt~ukflk nkc Tofkcnlk eku#

Tojk qougkcglkc elfk~oukf KTOKC ~outoe~ qknk tkk~ uokfltktlc|k ckc~l nlmkukqhkc

joclcbhk~hkc thkfk ohicijl KTOKC nkc jocnhcb nk|k tklcb KTOKC nl qktku bfiekf#

Qknk khmluc|k lc~obuktl ohicijl jocgknl fkcbhkm qoc~lcb ekbl qocdkqklkc jkt|kukhk~

KTOKC |kcb hk~ nkc eouqoukc nl jkt|kukhk~ nclk# Ohicijl hkrktkc qknk 5110 |kcb

eouclfkl foelm nkul _TN;; ~ulflc nocbkc qiqfktl foelm nkul ??1 g~k qocnnh khkc jocgknl

~gkc |kcb tojkhlc jockulh ekbl qounkbkcbkc nkc lcpot~ktl lc~oucktlickf#

Bck jojqouhk~ fkcbhkm qoudoqk~kc lc~obuktl ohicijl ~outoe~ KTOKC jofkhhkc

~ukctìujktl ‖dkuk‚ hougk tkjk ohicijl nocbkc jofo~khhkc toekm houkcbhk mhj |kcb

jocgknl ektlt hijl~joc cobkuk KTOKC jofkfl qockcnk~kcbkckc Qlkbkj KTOKC - KTOKC

Dmku~ou , qknk H^^ KTOKC ho*;4 51 Cipojeou 5112# Eoutkjkkc nocbkc qockcnk~kcbkckc

Qlkbkj KTOKC do~kh elu |kcb jouqkhkc kukm qkcnkc KOD nkc gknrkf t~uk~oblt ~oc~kcb

= Jd Hlcto| & Dijqkc|# 5114# KTOKC Dijqo~l~lpocott T~n|# KTOKC Toduo~kulk~



;1

rkh~ nkc ~kmkqkc qocdkqklkc nkul jktlcb*jktlcb qlfku gbk nltoqkhk~l# Tofkcg~c|k

hijl~joc ~outoe~ jocgknl kukm qocdkqklkc KOD ho noqkc eklh ekbl KTOKC todkuk

hkrktkc jkqc ifom lcnlpln Cobkuk kcbbi~k# Jktlcb*jktlcb Cobkuk eouhorkglekc

jocgkbk hijl~joc ~outoe~ tomlcbbk huonlelfl~kt KTOKC tojkhlc eklh nl jktk noqkc#

Todkuk ~ohclt jicl~iulcb qocdkqklkc KOD nlfkhhkc jofkfl KTOKC Ektoflcco Uoqiu~ #

Eoeoukqk hofocbhkqkc ~outoe~ jocgknlhkc hijl~joc KTOKC nkfkj qocdkqklkc JOK

~lnkh fkbl eoutl`k~ ‖qoutknkukkc‚ ~o~kql jojqc|kl hohk~kc mhj#

D# Qlkbkj KTOKC -KTOKC Dmku~ou,

To~ofkm >1 ~kmc eounlulc|k KTOKC eoc~h hougk tkjk uoblickf tojkhlc nlqouhk~ nkc

eou~ukctìujktl nocbkc nl~kcnk~kcbkclc|k Qlkbkj KTOKC ifom qkuk qojljqlc KTOKC

qknk H^^ KTOKC ho*;4 51 Cipojeou 5112# Qockcnk~kcbkckc Qlkbkj KTOKC jocgknl

quktkt~l mktlf opiftl nkul hougk tkjk |kcb eoutl`k~ ‖qoutknkukkc‚ jocgknl iu bkcltktl |kcb

eounktkuhkc tk~ houkcbhk |kcb foelm himotl` eoufkcnkthkc ufo ekton ùkjoriuh # Nocbkc

hogofktkc pltl ~gkc qoueklhkc t~uh~u iubkcltktl qocbkjelfkc hoq~tkc nkc johkcltjo

nltq~o to~~fojoc~ tou~k qoclcbhk~kc qoukc nkc jkcnk~o Tohuo~kulk~ KTOKC nlmkukqhkc

nkqk~ foelm jocgkjlc ljqfojoc~ktl hotoqkhhk~kc*hotoqkhk~kc KTOKC |kcb ~ofkm nldkqkl#

_c~h jorgnhkc mkukqkc nkcc holcblckc eoutkjk KTOKC |khcl mlnq nkjkl kjkc

t~kelf jkhju nkc togkm~ouk Qlkbkj KTOKC joujthkc todkuk no~klf ~gkc nkc qulctlq

KTOKC# ^gkc |kcb lcblc nldkqkl togkfkc nocbkc ~gkc KOD |kl~ -l, jocdlq~khkc

KTOKC toekbkl qktku ~cbbkf nkc hotk~kc ektlt quinhtl8 nkc -ll, jocbukcbl hojlthlckc

nkc hotocgkcbkc qojekcbckc nl kc~kuk Cobkuk kcbbi~k jofkfl ekc~kc nkc hougk tkjjk

|kcb tkflcb jocbc~cbhkc#< Nkfkj mkf qulctlq hougk tkjk KTOKC ~o~kq jojobkcb ~obm

qulctlq |kcb ~ofkm nlkc~ tofkjk lcl |kcb lc~lc|k jocbmiujk~l honkfk~kc Cobkuk fklc ~lnkh

jofkhhkc lc~oupoctl hoelgkhkc nkfkj coboul Cobkuk fklc tou~k jofkhhkc hictf~ktl todkuk

lctoc~l` k~kt eouekbkl qoujktkfkmkc uoblickf#

ûkctìujktl jocnktku |kcb nlfkhhkc ifom Qlkbkj KTOKC ~ofkm jojeoulhkc fobkf

qoutickfl~| hoqknk KTOKC# Hlcl KTOKC toekbkl iubkcltktl hougk tkjk kc~ku qojoulc~km

jojlflhl lnoc~l~kt ~outocnlul ~ouqltkm nkul lnoc~l~kt Cobkuk*cobkuk KTOKC# Toekbkl fobkf

qoutickfl~|& KTOKC eoukh~lpl~kt nkc jojek~ qougkcglkc k~kt ckjkc|k nkc nkqk~ qfk

jocc~~ nkc nl~c~~ todkuk mhj# Togkfkc nocbkc ~ukctìujktl lcl nlfkhhkc qfk

< KTOKC Dmku~ou7Dmkq~ou L Ku~ldfo ; — î duok~o k tlcbfo jkuho~ kcn quind~lic ekto rmldm lt t~kefo& quitqouit& mlbmf|

dijqo~l~lpo kcn odicijldkff| lc~obuk~on rl~m o`òd~lpo `kdlfl~k~lic ìu ~ukno kcn lcpot~joc~ lc rmldm ~mouo lt ùoo `fir i`

biint& toupldo kcn lcpot~joc~8 `kdlfl~k~on jipojoc~ i` etlcott qoutict& quiòttlickft& ~kfoc~t kcn fkeiu8 kcn ùoo i`

dkql~kf& kcn ~i kffoplk~o qipou~| kcn cckuuir ~mo nopofiqjoc~ bkq rl~mlc KTOKC ~uibm j~kf kttlt~kcdo kcn diiqouk~lic# -qkukbukqm ? & 0,



;;

qoc|ojquckkc hofojekbkkc tomlcbbk KTOKC nlmkukqhkc nkqk~ jouotqict foelm eklh

eouekbkl qoujktkfkmkc uoblickf nkc bfiekf |kcb tojkhlc hijqfoht nl jktk |kcb khkc

nk~kcb#

Eknkc qocbkjelf hoq~tkc ~ou~lcbbl nl KTOKC knkfkm KTOKC Tjjl~ Joo~lcb

-Hicòuoctl ^lcbhk~ ^lcbbl)H^^, |khcl ìuj |kcb ~ounlul nkul Hoqkfk

Cobkuk)Qojoulc~kmkc Cobkuk kcbbi~k# H^^ KTOKC nltofocbbkukhkc tk~ ~kmc tohkfl nl

Cobkuk |kcb jocgknl Ho~k KTOKC# Jktk gkek~kc Ho~k KTOKC eoufkh tk~ ~kmc nkc

nlui~ktl eounktkuhkc uu~kc kfqmkeo~#

H^^ KTOKC nlekc~ ifom KTOKC Diiunlck~lcb Dicdlf |kcb ~ounlul nkul joc~oul fku

coboul KTOKC |kcb jofkhhkc qou~ojkc qkflcb tonlhl~ 5 ~kmc tohkfl# Eknkc lcl khkc

jocbiiunlcktlhkc hoelgkhkc o`ltloctl nkc hougk tkjk nkfkj jocdkqkl Jkt|kukhk~ KTOKC

nocbkc KTOKC Dijjcl~| Dicdlft |kcb ~ounlul nkul -l, KTOKC Qifl~ldkf*Todul~|

Dijjcl~| Dicdlf& -ll, KTOKC Odicijld Dijjcl~| Dicdlf nkc -lll, KTOKC Tidli*

Df~ukf Dijjcl~| Dicdlf# Qouhojekcbkc nkc uohijocnktl qocdkqklkc Jkt|kukhk~

KTOKC nlfkqiuhkc hoqknk H^^ KTOKC#

KTOKC Tod~iu Jlclt~oulkf Einlot jouqkhkc eknkc nl ekrkm hiiunlcktl KTOKC

Dijjcl~| Dicdlft totkl nocbkc jktlcb*jktlcb qlfku nkfkj Jkt|kukhk~ KTOKC# Eknkc

lcl khkc jofkhhkc hougk tkjk nl jktlcb*jktlcb toh~iu nkc jocbljqfojoc~ktlhkc

hoq~tkc*hoq~tkc H^^ KTOKC#

Nkfkj ukcbhk jocboòh~l`hkc nkc joj`ktlfl~ktl quitot lc~obuktl nkc ljqfojoc~ktl

hoq~tkc KTOKC Dmku~ou jojqouhk~ hofojekbkkc KTOKC nocbkc joclcbhk~hkc qoukc

nkc jkcnk~ Tohuo~kulk~ KTOKC# Tohuo~kulk~ KTOKC khkc nlqljqlc ifom TohGoc |kcb nlqlflm

nkfkj H^^ KTOKC c~h gkcbhk rkh~ fljk ~kmc nkc hojnlkc nlui~ktl nl kc~kuk Cobkuk

kcbbi~k KTOKC todkuk u~kc kfqmkeo~# Tohuo~kulk~ Gocnoukf KTOKC khkc eouqku~ltlqktl

nkfkj tojk qou~ojkc KTOKC jfkl nkul H^^ tkjqkl nocbkc Tod~iu Jlclt~oulkf Einlot#

Tohuo~kulk~ Gocnoukf gbk nkqk~ eouqku~ltlqktl nkfkj qou~ojkc KTOKC nocbkc qlmkh

oht~ouckf# Tofklc ~bkt*~bkt ~outoe~ Tohuo~kulk~ Gocnoukf KTOKC gbk eou~lcnkh tofkh

Dmlo` Knjlclt~uk~lpo I``ldou i` KTOKC#

Jocblcbk~ Tohuo~kulk~ KTOKC ehkc fkbl uoquotoc~ktl hoqoc~lcbkc jktlcb*jktlcb

Cobkuk kcbbi~k jofklchhkc uoquotoc~ktl hoqoc~lcbkc eoutkjk nl hkrktkc jkhk KTOKC

Dmku~ou joco~kqhkc qojeoc~hkc nk eknkc |kcb nkqk~ jorkhlfl hoqoc~lcbkc jktlcb*

jktlcb Cobkuk kcbbi~k |kl~7 -l, Dijjl~~oo i` Qoujkcoc~ Uoquotoc~k~lpot ~i KTOKC nkc

-ll, KTOKC Ck~lickf Toduo~kulk~t#



;5

To~lkq Cobkuk kcbbi~k khkc joccgh Dijjl~~oo i` Qoujkcoc~ Uoquotoc~k~lpot ~i

KTOKC |kcb honnhkcc|k to~lcbhk~ N~k Eotku# Dijjl~~oo i` Qoujkcoc~ Uoquotoc~k~lpo

kc~kuk fklc eou~bkt jocnhcb ~bkt KTOKC Dijjcl~| Dicdlft nkc KTOKC Tod~iu

Jlclt~oulkf Einlot tou~k jofkhhkc hiiunllcktl nocbkc KTOKC Ck~lickf Toduo~kulk~# Eknkc

~oukhmlu lcl eou`cbtl jofkhhkc hiiunlcktl ~lcbhk~ cktlickf nl jktlcb*jktlcb Cobkuk nkc

jocgknl ck~lickf ìdkf qilc~# Hijl~joc nkc johkcltjo eku hofojekbkkc KTOKC ~ofkm

jojeoulhkc ho|khlckc |kcb foelm eotku ekbl hoeoumktlfkc qocdkqklkc ~gkc KTOKC#

Ckjc nl tltl fklc hijl~joc ~outoe~ jocc~~ to~lkq kcbbi~k ~oujkth Lcnicotlk c~h

tobouk jojqoutlkqhkcc nlul nkul tltl hoelgkhkc hofojekbkkc jkqc tjeou nk|k jkctlk

c~h eouqoukc kh~l` nkfkj jojeou kukm nkc rkuck hougk tkjk KTOKC nl jktk noqkc#

N# Do~kh Elu nkc Gknrkf T~uk~oblt KOD 51;?

Eoutkjkkc nocbkc nl~kcnk~kcbkclc|k KTOKC Dmku~ou& qkuk qojljqlc KTOKC gbk

jockcnk~kcbkcl do~kh elu KOD 51;? |kcb jouqkhkc bukcn notlbc KOD |kcb eoultl gknrkf

t~uk~oblt |khcl ~kmkqkc qocdkqklkc nkul jktlcb*jktlcb qlfku KOD# ^kubo~ rkh~ qocdkqklkc

KOD ~ouekbl nkfkj ojqk~ `kto |kl~ 511=*511< 51;1*51;; 51;5*51;4 nkc 51;>*51;?#

Do~kh elu lcl jocgknl kukm ekbl hkrktkc jkqc Cobkuk kcbbi~k c~h jocdkqkl KOD

51;?# Jktlcb*jktlcb Cobkuk eouhorkglekc c~h jofkhtkckhkc hijl~joc nkfkj do~kh elu

c~h jojeoc~h huonlelfl~kt KTOKC#

Jocblcbk~ qoc~lcbc|k qounkbkcbkc oht~ouckf ekbl KTOKC nkc t~uk~obl qojekcbckc

ohicijl nl Cobkuk KTOKC |kcb i~rkun fiihlcb do~kh elu KOD jojk~ ojqk~ houkcbhk

hougk k~k qlfku KOD |kl~7

KTOKC toekbkl qktku ~cbbkf nkc ektlt quinhtl lc~oucktlickf nocbkc ofojoc kflukc

eoekt ekukcb gktk lcpot~ktl ~ockbk hougk ~oukjqlf nkc kflukc jinkf |kcb foelm

eoekt#

KTOKC toekbkl hkrktkc nocbkc nk|k tklcb ohicijl |kcb ~lcbbl nocbkc ofojoc

qouk~ukc hijqo~ltl qouflcncbkc hictjoc mkh k~kt hohk|kkc lc~ofoh~kf

qocbojekcbkc lcùkt~uh~u qouqkgkhkc nkc o*dijjoudo#

KTOKC toekbkl hkrktkc nocbkc qouhojekcbkc ohicijl |kcb jouk~k nocbkc

ofojoc qocbojekcbkc tkmk hodlf nkc jococbkm nkc qukhkutk lc~obuktl KTOKC

c~h Cobkuk*cobkuk DFJP |kcb ~oujk~ nkfkj Lcl~lk~lpo ̀ iu KTOKC Lc~obuk~lic#

KTOKC toekbkl hkrktkc |kcb ~oulc~obuktl todkuk qocm nocbkc qouohicijlkc bfiekf

nocbkc ofojoc qocnohk~kc himouoc nocbkc ohicijl nl fku hkrktkc nkc

joclcbhk~hkc qoukc tou~k nkfkj gogkulcb quinhtl bfiekf#



;4

Hoojqk~ qlfku KOD tkflcb eouhkl~kc nkc jocnhcb tk~ tkjk fklc# KTOKC toekbkl

qktku ~cbbkf nkc ektlt quinhtl lc~oucktlickf mkut jojlflhl nk|k tklcb ohicijl |kcb

~lcbbl eklh toekbkl hkrktkc nkfkj houkcbhk qoutklcbkc nocbkc hkrktkc)Cobkuk fklc

jkqc kc~kulcnlpln kcbbi~k# _c~h l~ hotocgkcbkc qojekcbckc ohicijl kc~kuk Cobkuk

kcbbi~k mkut nlqouhodlf tomlcbbk qfk|lcb `lofn kc~ku Cobkuk kcbbi~k jocgknl to~kuk# Mkf lcl

qouf nlfkhhkc jocblcbk~ bfiekfltktl nkqk~ jojqoueotku hotocgkcbkc qojekcbckc |kcb

todkuk qi~octlkf nkqk~ jocdlq~khkc houocbbkcbkc nkc jojqoufojkm tiflnkul~kt KTOKC#

Jkc`kk~ lc~obuktl |kcb nluktkhkc ifom tofum kcbbi~k khkc jocgkjlc lc~obuktl ohicijl

|kcb eouhofkcg~kc# Toekbkl ektlt quinhtl lc~oucktlickf jkhk qktku KTOKC |kcb

~oulc~obuktl todkuk qocm nocbkc qktku bfiekf jocc~~ qfk hiiunlcktl hoelgkhkc oht~ouckf

kc~ku Cobkuk kcbbi~k KTOKC#

Ho~ouhkl~kc hoojqk~ qlfku KOD ~outoe~ joje~mhkc hiiunlcktl hictlt~octl nkc

hotk~kc kukm ofojoc*ofojoc nkul to~lkq qlfku nljfkl nkul qouocdkckkc tkjqkl nocbkc ~kmkq

ljqfojoc~ktl# _c~h jocgkjlc mkf ~outoe~ jkhk hoojqk~ qlfku qouf nlnhcb ifom ulto~

dkqkdl~| elfnlcb nkc oòh~lpl~kt hofojekbkkc KTOKC tou~k hijl~joc hk~ ~lkq Cobkuk#

Todkuk ~ohclt qocdkqklkc KOD 51;? jocbbckhkc johkcltjo nkc lcltlk~l` |kcb ~ofkm

nleoc~h ifom KTOKC tofkjk lcl |kcb nlqouhk~ nocbkc qocbk~kc lct~l~tl nkfkj hougk

tkjk KTOKC# Jktlcb*jktlcb lct~l~tl nkc lcltlk~l` |kcb ~ouflek~ nl fljk ofojoc qktku

~cbbkf nkc hotk~kc ektlt quinhtl ~ouflmk~ qknk bkjeku N#;# Toekbkl dic~im c~h ofojoc

eoekt kflukc eoekt ekukcb lcltlk~l` qocuckc ~kul`` nkc cic*~kul` tou~k `ktlfl~ktl qounkbkcbkc

jocg kflukc eoekt ekukcb KOD 51;? nlnktkuhkc qknk qouhojekcbkc nkc qoc|ojquckkc

johkcltjo |kcb knk jfkl nkul Quoòuoc~lkf ^kul` Kuukcbojoc~ -Q^K, KTOKC @uoo ûkno

Kuok nkc nlfkcg~hkc ifom hictoq do~kh elu KOD# Mkf |kcb tkjk gbk ~ougknl c~h ofojoc*

ofojoc fklcc|k nl nkfkj qlfku lcl#

Do~kh elu KOD gbk jojk~ qonijkc jj ljqfojoc~ktl KOD |kcb nl~kcbhkc nkfkj

gknrkf t~uk~oblt# Ljqfojoc~ktl KOD nlnktkuhkc qknk qulctlq ‖iqoc& i~rkun*fiihlcb&

lcdftlpo kcn jkuho~*nulpoc‚ nocbkc jojoumk~lhkc qoueonkkc ~lcbhk~ qojekcbckc nkc

hotlkqkc kcbbi~k KTOKC jofkfl qocoukqkc ìujfktl KTOKC jlct Cobkuk ]# _c~h

jocgkjlc qofkhtkckkc k~kt hijl~joc |kcb ~ofkm nltoqkhk~l ~ounkqk~ qulctlq ~lnkh

nlqoueifomhkcc|k qockulhkc hijl~joc -ci ekdh*fiknlcb i` dijjl~joc~t, nkc ~ounkqk~

`fohtlelfl~kt k~kt eoeoukqk mkf |kcb mkut nlkghkc nl krkf qoucnlcbkc tou~k nlto~gl

eoutkjk - quo*kbuoon `fo}lelfl~|,#



;>

Bkjeku N#; Johkcltjo Qocdkqklkc KOD 51;?

O# KTOKC Ektoflco Uoqiu~

Nkfkj ukcbhk jojkc~k hojkgkc ljqfojoc~ktl KOD nlttc KTOKC Ektoflco Uoqiu~

-KEU, |kcb eouqoukc toekbkl tdiuodkun nocbkc lcnldk~iu hlcougk ~kjk |kcb nlfkqiuhkc

to~lkq ~kmc ifom TohGoc KTOKC hoqknk qkuk joc~oul nkc hoqkfk Cobkuk)qojoulc~kmkc

tojk Cobkuk KTOKC# KEU jojk~ hicnltl nktku |kcb jocgknl kdkc opkfktl

ljqfojoc~ktl ~lbk qlfku Jkt|kukhk~ KTOKC - Hokjkckc Ohicijl nkc Titlkf*Enk|k,

hukc hojkgkc hougk tkjk uoblickf nkc qkcnkc nkfkj jojqoutojql~ bkq qojekcbckc

* Quoòuoc~lkf

^kul``

Kuukcbojoc~

-Q^K,* KTOKC @uoo

ûkno Kuok

-K@^K,

* Jkt|kukhk~

Ohicijl

KTOKC

* ^kul`

* Cic*~kul`

* @ktlfl~ktl

* Qounkbkcbkc

KTOKC

@ukjoriuh

Kbuoojoc~

Toupldot -K@KT,

Pltk nkc

Ojqfi|joc~ Qktt

KTOKC

Lcpot~joc~

Kuok -KLK,

J~kf

Uodibcl~lic

Kbuoojoc~ -JUK,

Diuo

dijqo~ocdlot &

{kfl`ldk~lic

KTOKC

Lcpot~joc~

Bkukc~oo

Kbuoojoc~t-LBK,

KTOKC

Dijquomoctlpo

Lcpot~joc~

Kbuoojoc~t-KDLK,

Qocbojekcbkc &

lc~obuktl Qktku

Jinkf

Fleoukfltktl kut

jinkf

Kflukc Eoekt

Ekukcb

Kflukc

Eoekt Gktk

Kflukc Eoekt

^H ôukjqlf

Kflukc

Eoekt

Lcpot~ktl

Kflukc Foelm

Eoekt Kut

Jinkf

KOD 51;?

Toh~iu Fklcc|k

* ;5 toh~iu quliul~kt

* Qocbojekcbkc

tod~iu jkhkckc

qou~kclkc nkc

hom~kckc



;?

kc~ku Cobkuk kcbbi~k# ^kmc nktku |kcb nlbckhkc knkfkm hicnltl nkc tl~ktl KTOKC qknk

5114 tkk~ Ekfl Dicdiun LL nlnohfkuktlhkc# Nocbkc KEU kc~ltlqktl qoueklhkc |kcb

nle~mhkc c~h jocgkjlc hoeoumktlfkc qocdkqklkc KTOKC Dijjcl~| nkqk~ nlfkhhkc

tonlcl jcbhlc#

Todkuk ~ohclt KEU joc|onlkhkc kckfltlt hkc~l~k~l` nocbkc lcnlhk~iu ~ouqlflm |kcb

jojocml hul~oulk7 -k, jojlflhl uofopkctl ~oumknkq hoelgkhkc -e, tonoumkck -d, hictlt~oc

todkuk t~k~lt~lh -n, pkfln -o, ho~outonlkkc nk~k -`, dkhqkc lcnlhk~iu# Eouekbkl lcnlhk~iu

~outoe~ nlhfktl`lhktlhkc jocgknl ~lbk hk~obiul |kl~7 lcnldk~iu quitot - quidott lcnldk~iut,

lcnlhk~iu i~q~ -i~q~ lcnldk~iut, nkc lcnlhk~iu mktlf -i~dijo lcnldk~iut, |kcb hojnlkc

nlttc jocgknl lcnoht ~lcbhk~ Cobkuk nkc hkrktkc# Lcnoht ~lcbhk~ Cobkuk nlbckhkc c~h

qouekcnlcbkc kc~kucobkuk nkfkj qocdkqklkc ~gkc Jkt|kukhk~ KTOKC# Tojoc~kuk lcnoht

fopof hkrktkc nlbckhkc c~h joclfkl hlcougk todkuk hotofumkc hkrktkc qknk to~lkq

~gkc Jkt|kukhk~ KTOKC#

Nkfkj qlfku ohicijl KEU joclfkl ~lcbhk~ lc~obuktl ohicijl nl hkrktkc nkfkj

qounkbkcbkc ekukcb gktk lcpot~ktl ~ockbk hougk nkc gktk qocnhcb toqou~l hokcbkc

lcìujktl ~ohcifibl hijclhktl ~ukctqiu~ktl tou~k lcùkt~uh~u# Toekbkl dic~im lcnldk~iu

lc~obuktl qounkbkcbkc |kcb nlbckhkc todkuk jj knkfkm7 -l, qounkbkcbkc lc~uk*KTOKC

toekbkl qoutoc~kto nkul Quinh Nijot~lh Eu~i -QNE,# Qknk ~kmc nktku 5114 qounkbkcbkc

lc~uk*KTOKC jocdkqkl 55; qoutoc nkul ~i~kf qounkbkcbkc KTOKC nlekcnlcbhkc nocbkc

024 qoutoc nl _cl Ouiqk >>0 qoutoc nl CK@^K nkc ;>< qoutoc nl JOUDIT_U#

Tojoc~kuk qkcbtk qounkbkcbkc lc~uk*KTOKC toekbkl qoutoc~kto QNE uk~k*uk~k jocdkqkl

tohl~ku 5? qoutoc# Clfkl ~outoe~ nl O_ CK@^K nkc JOUDIT_U jktlcb*jktlcb jocdkqkl

4=? qoutoc ;14 qoutoc nkc >; qoutoc#

Huonlelfl~kt qoc|tckc KEU lcl tkcbk~ eoubkc~cb qknk ho~outonlkkc nk~k nl to~lkq

toh~iu nkc hojkjqkc to~lkq Cobkuk nkfkj qoc|tckc t~k~lt~ld nkc jkckgojoc nk~kekto#

Nocbkc ~lcbhk~ qojekcbckc ohicijl |kcb eoueonk mkujicltktl no`lcltl pkulkeof nkc

jo~ino t~k~lt~ld jocgknl tk~ mkf |kcb tkcbk~ qoc~lcb c~h nlfkhhkc#



;0

Eke LP

Qofkcb nkc ^kc~kcbkc Qojeoc~hkc JOK -KOD, 51;? Ekbl Lcnicotlk

K# Qofkcb nkc ^kc~kcbkc Lc~obuktl Ohicijl ekbl KTOKC

ôiul ~oc~kcb lc~obuktl ohicijl uoblickf jockrkuhkc jkc`kk~ |kcb jocgkcglhkc ekbl

tk~ hkrktkc nkc qouohicijlkc nijot~ld nkul jktlcb*jktlcb cobkuk# EL*NHJ -511=,

joulcbhkt eouekbkl nkjqkh qitl~l` nkul lc~obuktl ohicijl# Qou~kjk knkfkm nkjqkh kfihktl

|kcb jocniuicb ~ougknlc|k o`ltloctl kfihktl tjeou nk|k fkjk |kcb ~oudkqkl jofkfl oòh

qui*hijqo~l~l` -nocbkc qocbmkqtkc mkjek~kc kflukc ekukcb nkc `kd~iu quinhtl, tou~k

uot~uht~ultktl lcnt~ul nkc oòh thkfk tkmk# Honk nkjqkh khjfktl eklh dkql~kf todkuk

`ltlh jkqc mjkc dkql~kf# Ho~lbk nkjqkh fihktl |kcb jocniuicb tk~ cobkuk c~h

jofkhhkc tqotlkfltktl totkl nocbkc hocbbfkc hijqkuk~l`c|k jkqc qojeoc~hkc qtk~

hoblk~kc ohicijl ~ou~oc~ nl rlfk|km ~ou~oc~ -kbfijouktl,#

T~nl ojqlult c~h jocbhkgl jkc`kk~ lc~obuktl ohicijl KTOKC ~ofkm ekc|kh

nlfkhhkc# Kbt T|kulq Mlnk|k~ nkfkj guckfc|k |kcb eougnf KTOKC Odicijld

Dijjcl~| -KOD,7 Qofkcb nkc ^kc~kcbkc Ekbl Lcnicotlk joc|oe~hkc ekmrk

qojeoufkhkc thojk kflukc eoekt ekukcb nkfkj houkcbhk KOD eouqi~octl joclcbhk~hkc

pifjo qounkbkcbkc lc~uk KTOKC# Lcnicotlk |kcb tofkjk lcl jojqc|kl lc~octl~ktqounkbkcbkc lc~uk KTOKC uofk~l` foelm hodlf nlekcnlcbhkc uk~k*uk~k qounkbkcbkc lc~uk

KTOKC jojqc|kl qofkcb c~h jofkhhkc lc~octl`lhktl nkc oht~octl`lhktl qktku ohtqiu

nl hkrktkc KTOKC;1# Hkglkc |kcb jocgknl fk~ku eofkhkcb qoudoqk~kc JOK jocgknl 51;?

joc|ljqfhkc ekmrk lc~obuktl ohicijl KTOKC eouqi~octl c~h joclcbhk~hkc QNE

hkrktkc toeotku ;1 qoutoc nkc jocuchkc elk|k quinhtl tod~iu ofoh~uiclh ;1*51 qoutoc#

Qoclcbhk~kc qounkbkcbkc nl KTOKC? gbk nlqocbkuml tlbcl`lhkc ifom qougkcglkc K@^K nkc

QNE qou hkql~k -jinof bukpl~| EL*NHJ 511=,# Foelm fkcg~ Gkflflkc nkc Roltt 5115 nkfkj

EL*NHJ 511= jocojhkc ekmrk ;1 qoutoc qoclcbhk~kc QJK nl hkrktkc joc|oekehkc

qoclcbhk~kc qocnkqk~kc qouhkql~k hkj jlthlc toeotku 1;2 qoutoc#

Ckjc ~oc~c|k jkc`kk~ ~outoe~ ~ougknl elfk toukcbhklkc ktjtl |kcb jocnktkulc|k

nkqk~ nldkqkl# Toekbkl dic~im c~h eltk jocnkqk~hkc jkc`kk~ |kcb iq~ljkf nkul

qouboukhkc `kd~iu quinhtl —— hoc~cbkc nkul lc~obuktl ohicijl eoueoc~h qktku eoutkjk

-dijjic jkuho~, —— jkhk qocnohk~kc nocbkc jinof bukpl~| joccghhkc qoc~lcbc|k tk~

;1 Qocgofktkc foelm fkcg~ jocbockl guckfc|k nkqk~ nlflmk~ qknk fkjqlukc



;2

cobkuk joclcbhk~hkc o`ltloctl tqk|k eltk jojkc`kk~hkc quitot fleoukfltktl |kcb nlfkhhkc#

Mkf |kcb tkjk eoufkh ekbl hougk tkjk ohicijl KTOKC# Jothl ~lnkh j~fkh nlfkhhkc

todkuk t~kblcb qocnohk~kc Ekfkttk ~oc~kcb ~kmkqkc lc~obuktl jojqouflmk~hkc knkc|k tk~

quitot c~h jocdkqkl lc~obuktl ohicijl# Qkflcb ~lnkh hkrktkc mkut jojqc|kl

qout|kuk~kc |kcb nlqoufhkc nkfkj jocdkqkl ~kmkqkc qounkbkcbkc eoekt dijjic clic

nkc khmluc|k dijjic jkuho~ # Nocbkc hk~k fklc ~lnkh knk mkjek~kc eklh nkfkj qouboukhkc

hijlnl~l jkqc `kh~iu quinhtl#

Flc~ktkc jocg lc~obuktl ohicijl uoblickf ~ofkm nlqlflm ifom KTOKC# Tk~ gkfkc |kcb

mkut nlfkfl ~lnkh mkc|k hkuock hijl~joc |kcb ~ofkm nltoqkhk~l ~o~kql qouf nlfkhhkc

nlfkhhkc elfk KTOKC lcblc joclcbhk~hkc qoukckcc|k nl jk~k nclk# Todkuk bfiekf

òcijock lc~obuktl ohicijl nkc hokcbkc ~out eoufkcg~ ekmhkc nocbkc lc~octl~kt |kcb

tojkhlc ~lcbbl# Hodkcbblmkc ~ohcifibl ~ofkm jojek~ nclk jocgknl nk~ku nkfkj ku~l tk~

gktk nkqk~ eouqlcnkm ~ojqk~ nkul rkh~ ho rkh~ totkl nocbkc qoujlc~kkc ~kcqk joflmk~

ek~ktkc boibuk`l;;

# Dmlck nkc Lcnlk toekbkl qtk~ hohk~kc ohicijl Ktlk tnkm jfkl

jojkc`kk~hkc ~uoc bfiekfltktl ~outoe~ tomlcbbk hohk~kcc|k tojkhlc nlqoumk~lhkc nl jk~k

nclk# Tnkm tkk~c|k ekbl KTOKC c~h todkuk eoutkjk*tkjk joclcbhk~hkc qoukcc|k nl

jk~k nclk nocbkc ~o~kq jojoumk~lhkc jkc`kk~c|k ekbl qouohicijlkc nijot~lh#

;# Qofkcb Qojeoc~hkc Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl KTOKC 51;? ekbl Lcnicotlk

KTOKC toekbkl tk~ hkrktkc jouqkhkc qktku |kcb tkcbk~ qi~octlkf c~h

nljkc`kk~hkc# Qknk 5110 qocnnh KTOKC jocdkqkl tohl~ku ?020 g~k iukcb nocbkc

~lcbhk~ qou~jemkc |kcb ~out joclcbhk~ qou~jemkc ~kmc lcl jocdkqkl 54 qoutoc nkul

~kmc fkf;5

# Qknk qoulino |kcb tkjk clfkl ~i~kf Quinh Nijot~lh Eu~i -QNE, nl hkrktkc

~oudk~k~ toeotku _TN;; ~ulflc tomlcbbk QNE qou hkql~k jocdkqkl _TN;#=<1# Clfkl QNE

~outoe~ nldkqkl nocbkc qou~jemkc ?2 qoutoc nocbkc quitqoh qou~jemkc |kcb

jocgkcglhkc# Nkul tltl qocnnh =1 qoutoc qocnnh KTOKC ~ounlul nkul tlk nl ekrkm >>

~kmc# Qou~jemkc ohicijl lcnlpln cobkuk gbk ~out joclcbhk~ nl 5110 qou~jemkc

ohicijl ~ou~lcbbl nldkqkl ifom Hkjeigk -;1= qoutoc, nkc Plo~ckj -=5 qoutoc,# T~kelfl~kt

jkhuiohicijl KTOKC gbk dhq ~ougkbk nocbkc lc`fktl tohl~ku 4? qoutoc;4

#

;; _uklkc |kcb jockulh ~oc~kcb qqoclcbhk~kc lc~obuktl nclk nkqk~ nl~ojl k#f qknk ‖^mo Riufn lt @fk~ ‚ ifom ^mijkt F

@ulonjkc#;5 Enljkc Klnk T -511=,# Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl KTOKC 51;?7 Jojqouhk~ Tlcoubl KTOKC nl ôcbkm Hijqo~ltl Bfiekf # m

5=0;4 KTOKC Toduo~kulk~ # @oeukul 511=# Tofod~on Ho| KTOKC Jkduiodicijld Lcnldk~iut# rrr#ktokctod#iub



;=

Hkrktkc KTOKC gbk nlhockf toekbkl cobkuk ohtqiu~lu# ^lnkh mkc|k quinh eouektlt

tjeou nk|k kfkj toqou~l jlcoukf nkc jlc|kh ejl tou~k quinh mktlf qou~kclkc eouekbkl

quinh ofohuiclh gbk jocgknl hijinl~kt ohtqiu ~kjk hkrktkc lcl# Nocbkc hk~c|k

hocklhkc mkubk hijinl~kt lc~oucktlickf toekblkc eotku cobkuk KTOKC jocdk~k~ tuqft

qknk coukdk ~ukctkhtl eougkfkc# Quitqoh qouohicijlkc gbk joc|oekehkc KTOKC jocgknl

tkfkm tk~ ~gkc qockckjkc jinkf |kcb jockulh ekbl nclk# Eklhc|k hlcougk tod~iu

oht~ouckf jkjq joclcbhk~hkc qitltl dknkcbkc nopltk cobkuk KTOKC gkm nlekcnlcb qitltl

qknk tkk~ hultlt ;<<2#

Eouekbkl hicnltl nl k~kt jocgknlhkc KTOKC toekbkl qofkcb qktku jkqc ektlt

quinhtl |kcb jocgkcglhkc# Lcnicotlk toekbkl tkfkm tk~ cobkuk kcbbi~k nkqk~ jojkc`kk~hkc

–nk|k ~kulh’ hkrktkc tomlcbbk eouhic~uletl qitl~l` ekbl qouohicijlkc nijot~lh# Lcnicotlk

qouf joflmk~ qofkcb*qofkcb |kcb knk tomlcbbk eltk eouqoukc toekbkl –qojklc’ nkfkj KOD

51;? ehkc mkc|k jocgknl ~ojqk~ qojktkukc cobkuk KTOKC fklcc|k# Eouekbkl qofkcb

|kcb nkqk~ nlflmk~ kc~kuk fklc toekbkl eoulh~7

Qou~kjk nlflmk~ nkul tltl gjfkm ~ockbk hougk# Toekblkc eotku qocnnh KTOKC -4<;

qoutoc, eouknk nl Lcnicotlk nocbkc gjfkm |kcb qi~octlkf ~outoe~ Lcnicotlk jkjq

jockrkuhkc ho~outonlkkc ~ockbk hougk |kcb dhq nkc qktku |kcb eotku tomlcbbk nkqk~

jocgknl qtk~ lcnt~ul# Nl fklc qlmkh bck jofocbhkql nkc jocbltl lcpot~ktl |kcb khkc

nlfkhhkc nkfkj ukcbhk KOD 51;? Lcnicotlk gbk nkqk~ jocgknlhkc KTOKC toekbkl

hkrktkc ~gkc totoiukcb jocdkul qohougkkc# T~kcnkunltktl |kcb nlfkhhkc jofkfl J~kf

Uodibcl~lic Kuukcbojoc~t -JUKt, nkqk~ joj k̀tlfl~ktl qouboukhkc ~ockbk hougk ~outoe~#

Honk nkul tltl qktku quinhtl# Eotkuc|k qocnnh hkrktkc nkc quitqoh qouohicijlkc

|kcb jocgkcglhkc jojek~ hkrktkc KTOKC toekbkl ~gkc ohtqiu Lcnicotlk# Lcnicotlk

todkuk hjfk~l` ;<24*;<=4 eku jocbohtqiu 50 qoutoc nkul ~i~kf ohtqiu lc~uk*KTOKC#

Ku~lc|k Lcnicotlk jojqc|kl quinh |kcb eltk nl~krkuhkc nl KTOKC nkc jojqc|kl

qi~octl c~h joclcbhk~hkc qkcbtkc|k nl KTOKC nkc jocnlpoutl`lhktl cobkuk ~gkc

ohtqiuc|k# Lcnicotlk gbk jouqkhkc hiiunlck~iu c~h toh~iu quliul~kt |kcb nllc~obuktlhkc

nl JOK |kl~ quinh eouekmkc nktku hk| nkc i~iji~l`# Nl fklc qlmkh quinh i~iji~l`

Lcnicotlk knk |kcb ~ofkm nl ohtqiu nl KTOKC# Honkc|k joccghhkc qi~octl |kcb eltk

nljkc`kk~hkc ifom Lcnicotlk#

Ho~lbk nkul tltl qoclcbhk~kc lcpot~ktl# Eouekbkl cobkuk KTOKC jocbkfkjl qocuckc

uktli lcpot~ktl ~oumknkq QNE togkh hultlt kc~kuk fklc khlek~ eouhojekcbc|k uoblickf me*

quind~lic# ^kql ekbl Lcnicotlk tkfkm tk~ `kh~iu qoc|oeke qoc~lcb knkfkm eofj



;<

jojeklhc|k lhflj lcpot~ktl nkc ho~ouek~ktkc lcùkt~uh~u# Nkfkj ukcbhk JOK 51;?

eouekbkl hougk tkjk uoblickf c~h joclcbhk~hkc lcùkt~uh~u -qlqk bkt ~ohcifibl

lcìujktl, jkqc nkul tltl qojelk|kkc jocgknl kbocnk# Hotojqk~kc ~outoe~ jojehk

qofkcb ekbl qoueklhkc lhflj lcpot~ktl Lcnicotlk jofkfl qojkc`kk~kc quibukj hougk tkjk

uoblickf ~ou~kjk nkfkj jofkcdkuhkc quibukj qoueklhkc lcùkt~uh~u nijot~lh# Tofklc l~

hoqoc~lcbkc c~h mkujicltktl nocbkc uoblickf jocgknl qukhicnltl c~h joc|otklhkc

qouk~ukc lcpot~ktl ~ouhkl~ totkl t~kcnku hkrktkc#

Hoojqk~ nkul tltl qockulhkc kflukc jinkf ktlcb hkrktkc KTOKC nlhockf toekbkl ~gkc

qockckjkc jinkf bfiekf ~oujkth DFJP hmttc|k Plo~ckj# JOK jojehk qofkcb

ekbl Lcnicotlk c~h nkqk~ jojkc`kk~hkc kflukc jinkf jkth ho hkrktkc |kcb hojnlkc

nl~ojqk~hkc nl ktto~ eounocijlcktl uqlkm# Kflukc jinkf ~outoe~ ~lnkh tkgk eouqk qiutl nkul

qiu~iìfli uoblickf ~o~kql gbk nkfkj eoc~h kflukc jinkf fkcbtcb -QJK, |kcb nl~kckjhkc

nl toh~iu ullf# Nocbkc homkutkc mkujicltktl uoblickf jkhk qofkcb Lcnicotlk joclcbhk~hkc

kflukc nkck jkth eoueoc~h QJK tojkhlc ~ouehk#

ôukhmlu nkul tltl qoclcbhk~kc hkqktl~kt nkc hkfl~kt fojekbk qouk~ukc ~ouhkl~ jkqc

tjeou nk|k jkctlk eouekbkl quibukj hougk tkjk uoblickf |kcb nlfkhhkc ~lnkh ~oufoqkt

nkul homkutkc jofkhhkc mkujicltktl t~kcnkultktl jkqc jocblh~l JUK |kcb ~ofkm

nlto~gl eoutkjk# Ku~lc|k khkc ~ougknl quitot qoueklhkc hkqktl~kt nl eouekbkl lct~l~tl

tod~iu jkqc qouk~ukc ~ouhkl~# Toekbkl dic~im knkfkm qocoukqkc KTOKC Tlcbfo Rlcnir

nl 511= c~h KTOKC0 |kcb jocbmkuthkc qocoukqkc tlt~oj Ck~lickf Tlcbfo Rlcnir

-CTR, nl jktlcb*jktlcb cobkuk# Lcnicotlk ~ofkm jfkl jocoukqhkc CTR qknk Cipojeou

5112 hicnltl |kcb jojcbhlchkc qojtk~kc hoq~tkc jocbockl dt~ij uofokto nkc dkubi

dfokukcdo# Hicnltl lcl gbk eoufkh ekbl qocbofifkkc jkhuiohicijl nl jkck nlqoufhkc

lcnldk~iu ohicijl |kcb joc|kjkl hlcougk cobkuk fklcc|k toqou~l ~lcbhk~ lc`fktl no`ltl~ `lthkf

nkc uktli ~kcb fku coboul#

5# ^kc~kcbkc Qojeoc~hkc Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl KTOKC 51;? ekbl Lcnicotlk

Fkg Qoclcbhk~kc Ohtqiu nkc Ljqiu# ^kc~kcbkc |kcb nlmknkql ifom Lcnicotlk

jojkthl lc~obuktl ohicijl KTOKC ~lnkh mkc|k |kcb eoutl`k~ lc~ouckf nl nkfkj coboul

~o~kql ~oufoelm fkbl qoutklcbkc nocbkc cobkuk totkjk KTOKC nkc cobkuk fklc nl fku KTOKC

toqou~l Dmlck nkc Lcnlk# Hlcougk ohtqiu tofkjk qoulino 511> — 511= |kcb eouknk nl u~kc

ho*> to~ofkm Tlcbkquk Jkfk|tlk nkc ^mklfkcn nkc ljqiu~lu ~ou~lcbbl ho*4 to~ofkm Tlcbkquk



51

nkc Jkfk|tlk jouqkhkc ~kc~kcbkc |kcb tkcbk~ toult ho noqkc hkuock ~ofkm jocbkhlek~hkc

coukdk qounkbkcbkc Lcnicotlk |kcb no`ltl~ ~oumknkq eoeoukqk cobkuk KTOKC ~outoe~#

Kcdkjkc |kcb nlqouhlukhkc foelm toult fkbl knkfkm qounkbkcbkc eoekt KTOKC nocbkc

Dmlck# Mlcbbk ~kmc 5112 clfkl qounkbkcbkc Lcnicotlk nocbkc Dmlck jktlm jocbkfkjl

tuqft khkc ~o~kql qknk ~kmc 511= Lcnicotlk jocbkfkjl no`ltl~ » _TN 4011 g~k# Kqkelfk

hicnltl nk|k tklcb Lcnicotlk ~lnkh tobouk nlqoueklhl clfkl no`ltl~ qounkbkcbkc nocbkc Dmlck

khkc tojkhlc joclcbhk~# Khmlu*khmlu lcl qkuk qofkh tkmk hmttc|k |kcb eouboukh nl

toh~iu lcnt~ul qo~uihljlk mf ekgk ~oht~lf nkc quinh ~oht~lf kfkt hkhl tou~k ofoh~uiclh

joc|kjqklhkc hohmkrk~lukcc|k nocbkc jkthc|k quinh*quinh togoclt nkul Dmlck nocbkc

mkubk uofk~l` foelm jukm nkul quinhtl nkfkj coboul -Jonlk Lcnicotlk 50 Cipojeou 511<,#

Fkg Lc`fktl# ^kc~kcbkc fklcc|k knkfkm fkg lc`fktl Lcnicotlk |kcb jktlm ~oubificb ~lcbbl

elfk nlekcnlcbhkc nocbkc cobkuk fklc nl hkrktkc KTOKC# T~kelfl~kt jkhui jktlm jocgknl

hocnkfk qoclcbhk~kc nk|k tklcb Lcnicotlk nkc ~lcbhk~ hojkhjukc Lcnicotlk gbk jktlm

foelm uocnkm nlekcnlcbhkc cobkuk fklc# Qiqfktl Lcnicotlk |kcb ~outoeku nl KTOKC

jojekrk hictohoctl ~outocnlul ekbl qojouk~kkc qocnkqk~kc 4 -~lbk, cobkuk KTOKC |kcb

foelm eklh nkfkj jockulh QJK jojqc|kl qocnkqk~kc qou hkql~k |kcb foelm ~lcbbl nkul

Lcnicotlk#

Nkjqkh Cobk~l` Kut Jinkf |kcb Foelm Eoekt# Kut jinkf |kcb foelm eoekt c~h

jocnhcb ~ukctkhtl hokcbkc |kcb foelm o`ltloc jouqkhkc tkfkm tk~ tjeou qojelk|kkc

qojekcbckc joj`ktlfl~ktl qounkbkcbkc lc~oucktlickf jocnhcb qocbojekcbkc toh~iu

hokcbkc nkc khmluc|k joclcbhk~hkc qou~jemkc ohicijl tk~ cobkuk# Ckjc nojlhlkc

quitot fleoukfltktl kut jinkf nkqk~ jocljefhkc ho~lnkht~kelfkc jofkfl nkjqkh

fkcbtcbc|k qknk hojcbhlckc qojekflhkc kut jinkf |kcb ~lek*~lek jkqc nkjqkh ~lnkh

fkcbtcbc|k qknk qoclcbhk~kc qoujlc~kkc nijot~lh |kcb khmluc|k eogcb qknk ~ohkckc

lc`fktl# Tofklc l~ kflukc jinkf |kcb foelm eoekt nl hkrktkc nkqk~ jocbkhlek~hkc ~ougknlc|k

hictoc~uktl kflukc jinkf ho Cobkuk ~ou~oc~ |kcb nlkcbbkq jojeoulhkc qi~octl hoc~cbkc

foelm jockulh# Mkf lcl hojnlkc nkqk~ jocljefhkc ultlhi ~outocnlul ekbl t~kelfl~kt

jkhuiohicijl#

Hotkjkkc Quinh# Mkf fklc |kcb qouf nldoujk~lknkfkm hotkjkkc hocbbfkc

hijqkuk~l` hkrktkc KTOKC hmttc|k nl tod~iu qou~kclkc qoulhkckc quinh hkuo~ quinh

eouektlt hk| nkc ofoh~uiclh# Hotkjkkc goclt quinh ohtqiu cbbfkc lcl jouqkhkc tkfkm

tk~ qoc|oeke qkcbtk qounkbkcbkc lc~uk*KTOKC |kcb mkc|k eouhltku 51*5? qoutoc nkul ~i~kf

qounkbkcbkc KTOKC# Lcnicotlk qouf jofkhhkc t~uk~obl qoclcbhk~kc clfkl ~kjekm ekbl



5;

quinh ohtqiuc|k tomlcbbk jojqc|kl hkukh~oult~lh ~outocnlul nocbkc quinh nkul cobkuk*

cobkuk KTOKC fklcc|k#

Nk|k Tklcb Toh~iu Quliul~kt Lc~obuktl# ^kc~kcbkc fklc |kcb gbk nlmknkql ifom

Lcnicotlk knkfkm qoclcbhk~kc hocbbfkc hijqkuk~l` nl toh~iu quliul~kt lc~obuktl# Tkk~ lcl

Lcnicotlk jojlflhl hocbbfkc nl tod~iu)hijinl~l toqou~l quinh eouektlt hk| qou~kclkc

jlc|kh tkrl~ qoulhkckc quinh hkuo~ nkc ofoh~uiclh tonkcbhkc c~h ~oht~lf jlcoukf

-~ojekbk ek~ ekuk clhof, jotlc*jotlc quinh hljlk hkuo~ nkc hou~kt jktlm nocbkc

~lcbhk~ hocbbfkc |kcb ~ouek~kt#

Nk|k Tklcb TNJ# Hojkjqkc eoutklcb TNJ ~ockbk hougk Lcnicotlk mkut nl~lcbhk~hkc

eklh todkuk ìujkf jkqc lcìujkf# Hojkjqkc ~outoe~ nlmkukqhkc mkut jlcljkf

jojocml ho~oc~kc nkfkj JUK |kcb ~ofkm nlto~gl# Qknk ~kmc 511=*511< jino 4

qocnlulkc qoutkmkkc -dijjoudlkf quotocdo, nkc jino > eouqk jielfl~kt ~ockbk hougk

-jipojoc~ i` ck~ukf qoutict, lc~uk KTOKC khkc nleoufkhhkc c~h toh~iu quliul~kt

lc~obuktl# _c~h l~ Lcnicotlk mkut nkqk~ joclcbhk~hkc hkfl~kt ~ockbk hougkc|k tomlcbbk

eltk nlbckhkc eklh nl nkfkj coboul jkqc lc~uk*KTOKC c~h jocdobkm ekcgluc|k

~ockbk hougk ~oukjqlf nkul fku# Qohougkkc lcl ~lnkhfkm jnkm hkuock jojoufhkc knkc|k

do~kh elu t|t~oj qocnlnlhkc todkuk joc|ofum nkc tou~l`lhktl toekbkl quiòtl ~ouhkl~#

^lcbhk~ Qouhojekcbkc Ohicijl# ^lcbhk~ qouhojekcbkc ohicijl cobkuk*cobkuk

kcbbi~k KTOKC mlcbbk tkk~ lcl cktlm eoukbkj# Todkuk tonoumkck qoc|oe~kc KTOKC*0 nkc

KTOKC*> nljkhtnhkc tofklc c~h jojeonkhkc ~kmc eoubkecbc|k nocbkc KTOKC

gbk joccghhkc qoueonkkc ~lcbhk~ ohicijl# Kqkelfk nl~ofl~l foelm tqotl`lh fkbl ~lcbhk~

hojkgkc eoulh~ lcl gbk ~ounkqk~ nl kc~kuk Cobkuk kcbbi~k KTOKC7 -l, hofijqih cobkuk

jkg -Tlcbkquk, -ll, hofijqih cobkuk nlckjlt -^mklfkcn nkc Jkfk|tlk, -lll, hofijqih

cobkuk qocnkqk~kc jococbkm -Lcnicotlk @lflqlck nkc Eucol, nkc -lp, hofijqih cobkuk

eofj jkg -DFJP,# ^lcbhk~ hotocgkcbkc |kcb ~lcbbl ~outoe~ jouqkhkc tkfkm tk~

jktkfkm nl hkrktkc |kcb dhq jocnotkh c~h nlqodkmhkc kbku ~lnkh jocbmkjek~

qoudoqk~kc hkrktkc jocg KOD 51;?;>

# Ifom hkuock l~ KTOKC nkfkj jococ~hkc

gknrkf hijl~joc fleoukfltktl jojqou~ljekcbhkc qoueonkkc ~lcbhk~ ohicijl ~outoe~# Nkfkj

ukcbhk jojekcbc ohicijl |kcb jouk~k nl hkrktkc -uoblic i` o{l~kefo odicijld

nopofiqjoc~ , KTOKC mkut eohougk houkt nl nkfkj ccoboul jktlcb*jktlcb nkc eohougk

tkjk nocbkc totkjo KTOKC#

;> Leln



55

Hoqoc~lcbkc Cktlickf# Nltknkul ekmrk nkfkj ukcbhk lc~obuktl ohicijl hoqoc~lcbkc

cktlickf jouqkhkc mkf ~kjk |kcb mkut nlkjkchkc ifom cobkuk kcbbi~k KTOKC#

Hoqoc~lcbkc hkrktkc kqkelfk ~lnkh togkfkc nocbkc hoqoc~lcbkc cktlickf jouqkhkc

quliul~kt honk# Mkf lcl eounkjqkh qknk tfl~c|k jocdkqkl nkc jofkhtkckhkc hijl~joc

fleoukfltkl KOD Efoqulc~ # Nkqk~ nlhk~khkc hofojkmkc pltl nkc jkcnk~ todkuk qifl~lh tou~k

jktkfkm hoqojljqlckc nl hkrktkc khkc jocbmkjek~ lc~obuktl hkrktkc# Tofkjk lcl KTOKC

tofkf jocbbckhkc qocnohk~kc pifc~ku| kqquikdm nkfkj eouekbkl lcltlk~l` hougk tkjk |kcb

~oueoc~h nl KTOKC tomlcbbk buq quottuo nl kc~kuk totkjo Cobkuk kcbbi~k fojkm# ôc~

tkgk mkf lcl eouhictohoctl qknk qourgnkc lc~obuktl ohicijl hkrktkc khkc nldkqkl nkfkj

rkh~ |kcb foelm fkjk#

Honkfk~kc Cobkuk# Lc~obuktl ohicijl KTOKC jojek~ktl horockcbkc tk~ Cobkuk

c~h jocbbckhkc hoelgkhkc `lthkf hokcbkc nkc jico~ou c~h jocniuicb hlcougk

ohicijl nkfkj coboul# Mlfkcbc|k honkfk~kc Cobkuk jouqkhkc elk|k k~k qocbiuekckc

~oueotku |kcb ‖nleoulhkc‚ ifom jktlcb*jktlcb Cobkuk kcbbi~k KTOKC# _c~h jocdkqkl

KOD 51;? nocbkc thtot nlqoufhkc hotknkukc qifl~lh |kcb ~lcbbl nkul tk~ Cobkuk c~h

joj~thkc ‖jofoqkthkc‚ toekblkc honkfk~kc cobkukc|k# Houblkc eotku fklcc|k knkfkm

toqou~l hojcbhlckc mlfkcbc|k qofkcb hougk nl tk~ Cobkuk tou~k hojcbhlckc jocgknl

qktku ekbl Cobkuk KTOKC fklcc|k |kcb foelm jkjq eoutklcb#

^kc~kcbkc fklcc|k |kcb khkc nlmknkql ifom Lcnicotlk knkfkm ekbkljkck jocbiq~ljkfhkc

qofkcb ~outoe~# Elfk Lcnicotlk ~lnkh jofkhhkc qoutlkqkc |kcb eouku~l jkhk Lcnicotlk khkc

jocgknl Cobkuk ~gkc qojktkukc ekbl KTOKC fklcc|k# Uocnkmc|k qoulcbhk~ Lcnicotlk

nkfkj tkmk nl ~kmc 51;1 - Nilcb Etlcott 51;1& Lc~ouck~lickf @lckcdo Diuqiuk~lic& Riufn

Ekch , |kl~ ;55 nkul ;=? cobkuk tojoc~kuk qoulcbhk~ Cobkuk KTOKC fklcc|k toqou~l

^mklfkcn -;5, Jkfk|tlk -54, nkc Plo~ckj -<4, nkc Eucol N# -<0, |kcb eouknk gkm nl k~kt

Lcnicotlk jouqkhkc qi~octl homlfkcbkc ekbl Lcnicotlk hkuock lcpot~iu khkc foelm jojlflm

Cobkuk*cobkuk ~outoe~ toekbkl ~gkc lcpot~ktlc|k#

E# T~uk~obl _jj Jocg KOD 51;?

Lcnicotlk mkut tobouk joc|tc fkcbhkm t~uk~oblt |kcb nkqk~ nlljqfojoc~ktlhkc todkuk

~kubo~ tqodl`ld kbku qofkcb qktku |kcb ~ouehk nkqk~ nljkc`kk~hkc todkuk iq~ljkf# Fkcbhkm

t~uk~oblt ~outoe~ nlttc todkuk ~ouqkn nl kc~kuk toh~iu jfkl nkul mf mlcbbk ho mlflu nl

ekrkm hiiunlcktl tk~ Eknkc Hmtt k~k Hojoc~ulkc Hiiunlck~iu Elnkcb Qouohicijlkc#



54

Fkcbhkm*fkcbhkm t~uk~oblt to~lkq tod~iu hojnlkc nlgkekuhkc ho nkfkj ~lcnkhkc*~lcnkhkc

|kcb jocbkukm qknk qk|k qoueklhkc nkc qocbojekcbkc lcùkt~uh~u `ltlh nkc cic `ltlh nl

to~lkq toh~iu nkc nkc flcl nkfkj ukcbhk joclcbhk~hkc o`ltloctl nkc jocniuicb hlcougk ohtqiu

mkut nlfkhhkc todkuk ~ouhiiunlcktl nocbkc tofum tod~iu Qojelck nkc qofkh tkmk#

Hiiunlcktl kc~ku toh~iu nkc lct~kctl ~ouhkl~ ~ou~kjk nkfkj joc|tc hotkjkkc qoutoqtl

kc~kuk qojoulc~km nkc qofkh tkmk nkc mkujicltktl -uoìujktl, hoelgkhkc nl ~lcbhk~ qtk~

nkc nkoukm mkut ~out nlfkhhkc#

Todkuk bkult eotku fkcbhkm t~uk~oblt |kcb mkut nlfkhhkc kc~kuk fklc knkfkm jofkhhkc7

Qoc|otklkc qoutlkqkc nkc qoueklhkc uobfktl eklh todkuk hifoh~l` jkqc lcnlplnkf

-uoìujktl uobfktl,8

Qoclcbhk~kc hkfl~kt tjeou nk|k jkctlk eklh nkfkj eluihuktl jkqc nclk tkmk

k~kqc quiòttlickf8

Qocbk~kc qitltl tkmk thkfk jococbkm hodlf nkc tkmk qknk jjc|k8

Qocbk~kc hojl~ukkc kc~kuk qeflh nkc toh~iu trkt~k8

Jocdlq~khkc lhflj tkmk |kcb hicntl` nkc jocbukcbl ohicijl elk|k ~lcbbl -gbk

jouqkhkc ~gkc ~kjk qojoulc~km nkfkj quibukj uoìujktl hijquomoctl` nl

eouekbkl elnkcb toqou~l qouqkgkhkc hoqkeokckc nkc eluihuktl,8

Qocbojekcbkc tod~iu*toh~iu quliul~kt |kcb eounkjqkh fkt nkc hijinl~l cbbfkc8

Qoclcbhk~kc qku~ltlqktl lct~l~tl qojoulc~km jkqc trkt~k c~h

jocbljqfojoc~ktlhkc KOD Efoqulc~8

Uoìujktl hofojekbkkc nkc hoqojoulc~kmkc# Qknk mkhlhk~c|k KOD Efoqulc~ gbk

jouqkhkcquibukj uoìujktl eoutkjk |kcb nkqk~ nlgknlhkc uoòuoctl ekbl uoìujktl

nl cobkuk*cobkuk KTOKC ~oujkth Lcnicotlk8 nkc

Qoc|onlkkc hofojekbkkc nkc qoujinkfkc |kcb jnkm nlkhtot ifom qofkh tkmk nkul

eouekbkl thkfk8

Qoueklhkc lcùkt~uh~u `ltlh jofkfl qojekcbckc k~k qoueklhkc lcùkt~uh~u

toqou~l ~ukctqiu~ktl ~ofohijclhktl gkfkc ~if qofkemkc uopl~kfltktl nkc

uot~uh~ultktl lcnt~u| nkc fklc*fklc#



5>

Eke P

Qoc~q

K# Hotljqfkc

Eounktkuhkc qojekmktkc |kcb tnkm nluklhkc qknk eke*eke toeofjc|k nkqk~ nl~kulh

hotljqfkc ekmrk KOD knkfkm eoc~h lc~obuktl ohicijl uoblickf |kcb nluocdkckhkc c~h

nldkqkl qknk 51;?# Nocbkc qocdkqklkc ~outoe~ jkhk KTOKC khkc jocgknl qktku ~cbbkf

nkc ektlt quinhtl nl jkck ~ougknl kflukc ekukcb gktk lcpot~ktl nkc ~ockbk ~oukjqlf |kcb

eoekt tou~k kflukc jinkf |kcb foelm eoekt#

Nocbkc knkc|k kflukc hijinl~kt nkc `kh~iu quinhtl ~outoe~ nlmkukqhkc nkqk~ jojekrk

KTOKC jocgknl hkrktkc |kcb jkhju nkc hijqo~l~l` nocbkc qouhojekcbkc ohicijl

|kcb jouk~k nkc eouhukcbc|k hojlthlckc nkc qqoueonkkc titlkf*ohicijl# Ckjc

qocdkqklkc ~outoe~ ehkc gkfkc |kcb jnkm nkc jojoufhkc hougk houkt c~h jocgkrke

~kc~kcbkc |kcb nlmknkql

Ekbl Lcnicotlk qofkcb lc~obuktl ohicijl uoblickf ~outoe~ qouf nljkc`kk~hkc toeklh*

eklhc|k# Gjfkm qiqfktl fkt boibuk`l nkc clfkl QNE ~oueotku nl KTOKC mkut jocgknl

ktto~ kbku Lcnicotlk ckc~lc|k eltk jocgknl qojklc eotku nkfkj KOD#

Qofkhtkckkc KOD Efoqulc~ knkfkm hougk eotku ekbl KTOKC ~oujkth Lcnicotlk~oc~c|k# ^bkt eouk~ Hojoc~ulkc Hiiunlck~iu Elnkcb Qouohicijlkc toekbkl hojoc~oulkc

|kcb eou~kcbbcbgkrke nkfkj jocbhiiunlcktlhkc nkc jojkc~k qofkhtkkc KOD Efoqulc~

nl Lcnicotlk# Hojoc~oulkc lcl mkut jocbhiiunlcktlhkc tonojlhlkc ekc|kh hoqoc~lcbkc

tod~iu |kcb nldkhq nkfkj KOD Efoqulc~ jltkfc|k tod~iu qounkbkcbkc -ekukcb nkc gktk,

lcpot~ktl ~ockbk hougk nkc toekbklc|k# Nl tkjqlcb l~ ofojoc*ofojoc fklc KOD Efoqulc~

toqou~l hoelgkhkc qoutklcbkc mkh hohk|kkc lc~ofoh~kf qouqkgkhkc tkmk hodlf jococbkm

qojekcbckc lcùkt~uh~u qoujinkfkc o*dijjoudo nkc fklc*fklc gbk ~u~ nkfkj

hiiunlcktl nkc qojkc~kkc hojoc~oulkc ~outoe~# Nkfkj ukcbhk ~outoe~ qojoulc~km ~ofkm

jocouel~hkc hoelgkhkc Lcquot ci# ? ^kmc 511= ~oc~kcb ìht quibukj ohicijl ~kmc 511=*

511< nl jkck tkfkm tk~ lct~uhtl nl nkfkjc|k knkfkm Qofkhtkckkc Hijl~joc Jkt|kukhk~

Ohicijl KTOKC -KTOKC Odicijld Dijjcl~|*KOD, lcquot lcl to|ib|kc|k khkc

nlqouekmkul jocblh~l gkcbhk rkh~ qofkhtkckkc |kcb nl~o~kqhkc nkfkj KOD Efoqulc~#



5?

Nocbkc ~oueoc~hc|k KOD qknk ~kmc 51;? ~oc~c|k nlmkukqhkc ~ounkqk~ qoclcbhk~kc

hotogkm~oukkc hkrktkc |kcb foelm eklh ~ou~kjk qknk ~lbk qlfku |khcl -l, hokjkckc -ll,

tidlkf*enk|k nkc -lll, ohicijl#

E# Tkukc

Nocbkc jojek~ktl ukcb flcbhq qojekmktkc KOD qknk Hictoq KOD Qoudoqk~kc

Qojeoc~hkc KOD 51;? nkc Qofkcb*^kc~kcbkc Qojeoc~hkc KOD ekbl Lcnicotlk jkhk

qocflt joc|kukchkc eoeoukqk jk~oul |kcb nkqk~ nlbckhkc c~h qocofl~lkc tofkcg~c|k

nocbkc ~ojk |kcb tkjk nl kc~kukc|k knkfkm toekbkl eoulh~7

Kflukc Eoekt Ekukcb KTOKC

Kflukc Eoekt Toh~iu Gktk

Kflukc Eoekt Lcpot~ktl

Kflukc Jinkf |kcb Foelm Eoekt nl KTOKC

Kflukc Eoekt ôckbk Hougk ôukjqlf Nkfkj KOD 51;?



50

Fkjqlukc

Eiht K#; Uohijocnktl Krkf |kcb Nlujthkc MF^@

Mlbm Fopof ^kth @iudo -MF^@, knkfkm cl~ hougk |kcb nleoc~h bck joujthkc uohijocnktl fkcbhkm*

fkcbhkm |kcb nlqoufhkc bck jocdkqkl KOD eklh ~ouhkl~ nocbkc qk|k fleoukfltktl jkqc `ktlfl~ktl

|kcb nlqoufhkc# Uohijocnktl ~outoe~ ~ounlul nkul fkcbhkm*fkcbhkm qocbk~kc lcltlk~l` |kcb tnkm knk#

;# Fkcbhkm Qocbk~kc Lcltlk~l` Hougk tkjk |kcb Tonkcb Eoufkcbtcb

Nl Elnkcb Qounkbkcbkc Ekukcb

Bck jocdkqkl kut qounkbkcbkc ekukcb |kcb eoekt kc~ku hkrktkc jkhk nlqoufhkc `lckfltktl

hictoq Ufot i` Iulblc -UII,8 hogofktkc fkcbhkm ofljlcktl mkjek~kc cic*~kul` - Cic*^kul``

Joktuot,8 mkujicltktl nl hoqkeokckc -~oujkth ljqfojoc~ktl KTOKC Tlcbfo Rlcnir c~h

quitot ofoh~uiclh nihjoc qounkbkcbkc,8 qoudoqk~kc ljqfojoc~ktl J~kf Uodibcl~lic

Kuukcbojoc~t -JUKt, c~h fljk tod~iu quliul~kt -qoukfk~kc flt~ullh hitjo~lh `kujktl

~ofohijclhktl qoukfk~kc nkc jkhkckc gknl, nkc tod~iu qi~octlkf fklcc|k8 tou~k mkujicltktl t~kcnku

nkc qouk~ukc ~ohclt fklcc|k#

Qounkbkcbkc Gktk

Jocbbckhkc qocnohk~kc KTOKC*] ìujfk nkfkj quitot fleoukfltktl qounkbkcbkc gktk8

joc|ofotklhkc JUKt c~h hkfl`lhktl ~ockbk kmfl nkfkj jocnhcb fleoukfltktl ~ockbk hougk kmfl8

tou~k jofkhhkc toukcbhklkc quitot cobitlktl bck qocdkqklkc kut qounkbkcbkc gktk |kcb eoekt

nl 5151#

Lcpot~ktl

Joco~kqhkc KTOKC*] ìujfk nkfkj jojqoudoqk~ qojehkkc toh~iu |kcb jkth ho nkfkj

toctl~lpo flt~8 jojekcbc gkulcbkc kc~kuk hkrktkc qounkbkcbkc eoekt KTOKC -@uoo ûkno

Wicot,8 nkc qk|k c~h joclcbhk~hkc kflukc qockckjkc jinkf fkcbtcb -@NL, ho hkrktkc#

Lc~offod~kf Quiqou~| Ulbm~t -LQUt,

Qoclcbhk~kc hougk tkjk KTOKC |kcb foelm gkm nkul ~uknojkuh nkc mkh qk~oc ~oujkth nl elnkcb

mkh dlq~k -qou~hkukc lcìujktl nkc qocoukqkcc|k,#

Kflukc Jinkf

_c~h joj`ktlfl~ktl qounkbkcbkc nkc lcpot~ktl nkc jojqoudoqk~ ljqfojoc~ktl uiknjkq lc~obuktl

KTOKC nl elnkcb hokcbkc#



52

5# Fkcbhkm Lcltlk~l` Eku

Jojqoudoqk~ lc~obuktl ;; toh~iu quliul~kt nocbkc cobkuk hiiunlck~iu |kl~7

* Lcnicotlk7 quinh eouekmkc hk| nkc k~iji~l`

* Jkfk|tlk7 quinh eouekmkc hkuo~ ~oht~lf nkc quinhc|k

* J|kcjku7 quinh eouektlt qou~kclkc nkc qoulhkckc

* @lflqlck7 ofoh~uiclhk

* Tlcbkquk7 o*KTOKC nkc qoukrk~kc hotomk~kc

* ^mklfkcn7 qougkfkckc nkuk nkc ~ult

Qocnohk~kc quitot lc~obuktl nl toh~iu quliul~kt nlnktkuhkc qknk jojknhkc hohk~kc lcnlpln

Cobkuk bck hoc~cbkc hkrktkc8 joj`ktlfl~ktl nkc jocnhcb lcpot~ktl lc~uk*KTOKC8

jojquijitlhkc quinh nkc gktk ‖jkno lc KTOKC‚#

Joc|tc uiknjkq c~h jktlcb*jktlcb tod~iu nocbkc jojoumk~lhkc ho~ouflek~kc toh~iu trkt~k#

Joc|tc fkcbhkm*fkcbhkm qodoqk~kc fleoukfltktl nl qounkbkcbkc ekukcb nkc gktk

Joj`ktlfl~ktl qouboukhkc ~ouhkl~ nocbkc eltclt nkc qkulrltk~k#

4# Fkcbhkm Qocbk~kc Lct~l~tl

Jojqouhk~ johkcltjo qocbkjelfkc hoq~tkc nl ìuj)cl~ |kcb ~ofkm nleoc~h toqou~l KOJ

-KTOKC Odicijld Jlclt~ou , nkfkj jocbiiunlcktlhkc lt ~ouhkl~ nocbkc hougk tkjk nkc lc~obuktl

hokcbkc TOIJ -Tocliu Odicijlt~ I``ldlkft Joo~lcb, c~h lt ~ouhkl~ ~ohclhkf)iqouktlickf#

Jojeoc~h tlt~oj |kcb oòh~l` -knpltiu| hictf~ktl nkc johkcltjo kngnldk~iu|, bck

jocgkjlc qofkhtkckkc hijl~joc nkc jojqoudoqk~ qoc|ofotklkc tocbho~k#

Joclcbhk~hkc hkqktl~kt Tohuo~kulk~ KTOKC nkfkj jofkhhkc t~nl ~ouhkl~ nocbkc qounkbkcbkc

lcpot~ktl nkc hokcbkc#

># Nltojlcktl

Joclcbhk~hkc hotknkukc nkc qojkmkjkc lt ohicijl KTOKC qknk nclk tkmk lcpot~iu

jkqc kboc qojoulc~km#

?# Qojekcbckc nkc Hougk tkjk ôhclt

Nlqoufhkc qk|k c~h qoc|kjkkc ~lcbhk~ qojekcbckc nkc qoudoqk~kc lc~obuktl ohicijl

Cobkuk DFJP#



5=

Nk`~ku Qt~khk

Uoòuoctl

Kul`lc Tgkjtf nhh -On#,# 511=# Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl KTOKC 51;?7 Jojqouhk~ Tlcoubl

KTOKC nl ôcbkm Hijqo~ltl Bfiekf# Gkhku~k7 Q^ Ofo} Jonlk Hijq~lcni#

Kul`lc Tgkjtf nhh -On#,# 511># Hougk Tkjk Qounkbkcbkc Lc~oucktlickf7 Qofkcb nkc

^kc~kcbkc Ekbl Lcnicotlk# Gkhku~k7 Q^ Ofo} Jonlk Hijq~lcni#

KTOKC# 5112# KTOKC T~k~lt~ldkf Qidho~eiih 5110# KTOKC Toduo~kulk~#

Kt~ulk J|uck T# 511># ^mo Qk~~ouc i` Lc~uk KTOKC ûkno lc ~mo Quliul~| Biint Tod~iut

KTOKC*Kt~ukflk Nopofiqjoc~ Diiqouk~lic Quibukj UOQT@ Quigod~ Ci# 14)110o Kbt~

rrr#kkndq*uoqt`#iub

Ekch Lcnicotlk# 5112# I~fiih Ohicijl Lcnicotlk 5112*51;;# Ekch Lcnicotlk# Gkhku~k#

Ekch Lcnicotlk# 511=# I~fiih Ohicijl Lcnicotlk 511=*51;57 Lc~oubuktl Ohicijl KTOKC

nkc Quitqoh Qouohicijlkc Cktlickf Elui Ulto~ Ohicijl Nluoh~iuk~ Ulto~ Ohicijl nkc

Hoelgkhkc Jico~ou Ekch Lcnicotlk Gkhku~k#

Et~kjl Btjkunl# 511=# Jocg KOD 51;?# Guckf Noqku~ojoc Qounkbkcbkc Uoqeflh

Lcnicotlk m#2=*=0

Dmkpot Goclck# 511=# Jojkmkjl Qlkbkj KTOKC nkc Do~kh Elu Jkt|kukhk~ Ohicijl

KTOKC# K@K @lflqlck

Mlnk|k~ Kbt T|kulq# 511=# KOD7 Qofkcb nkc ^kc~kcbkc Ekbl Lcniccotlk# m# 5=*5<

Riufn Ekch#511;# Riufn Odicijld I~fiih # Riufn Ekch

Lc~ouco~

m~~q7))ltgn#qnll#flql#bi#ln)knjlc)guckf);051=524<#qn`

‖Qounkbkcbkc Lcnicotlk Nocbkc KT OKC‚ rrr#noqnkb#bi#ln

rrr#ktokctod#dij

rrr#riufnekch#dij

RÎ# _cnout~kcnlcb ~mo RÎ m~~q7 rrr#r~i#iub

http://www.aadcp-repsf.org/

http://isjd.pdii.lipi.go.id/admin/jurnal/162082739.pdf

http://www.depdag.go.id/

http://www.aseansec.com/

http://www.worldbank.com/

http://www.wto.org/

http://www.wto.org/

http://www.worldbank.com/

http://www.aseansec.com/

http://www.depdag.go.id/

http://isjd.pdii.lipi.go.id/admin/jurnal/162082739.pdf

http://www.aadcp-repsf.org/

Documents

ASEAN Economic Community 2015