Asian Developement Bank

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Asian Development Bank


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INTRODUCTION The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is

a regional development bank established on

22 August 1966 to facilitate economic

development of countries in Asia. The bank

admits the members of the United NationsEconomic and Social Commission for Asia and

the Pacific (UNESCAP, formerly known as the

United Nations Economic Commission for Asiaand the Far East) and non-regional developed

countries.[2] From 31 members at its

establishment, ADB now has 67 members - of

which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Development_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Development_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Development_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Development_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Commission_for_Asia_and_the_Pacifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateral_development_bank


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ADB was modeled closely on the World Bank,

and has a similar weighted voting system

where votes are distributed in proportion with

member's capital subscriptions. At present,both the United Statesand Japan hold 552,210

shares, the largest proportion of shares at

12.756% each.China holds 228,000 shares(6.429 %), India holds 224,010 shares

(6.317 %), the 2nd and 3rd largest proportion

of shares respectively.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank


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ADB is a development bank that lends to

governments for development projects. It has

no individual clients.

ADB's 2008 budget has been prepared taking

into account the thrust of ADB's strategies,

policies, and work programs

A major problem which the ADB is facing is

shortage of funds.

ADB raises fund through bond issues on the

world's capital markets. Also rely on


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A multilateral development bank, founded in1966

ADB has grown to encompass 67 members of which 48 are from within the Asia andPacific region and 19 outside.

Georgia is the 67th and newest member,having joined ADB effective 2 February 2007.
http://www.adb.org/Countries/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/Countries/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/membership.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/membership.asphttp://www.adb.org/Countries/default.asp


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Shareholders

48 regional members

Japans Share = 19.612

Indias Share = 8.229

Chinas Share = 8.367

19 non-regional members

US = 36.487


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ADB is a multilateral development finance

institution that engages in mostly public

sector lending for development purposes in its

developing member countries.


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Challenge

Asia and Pacific remains home to two thirds of

the world's poor. In addition to the hundreds

of millions of Asians who survive on less than

$1 a day, some 1.7 billion people make endsmeet on less than $2 a day.


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Headquartered in Manila, and established in

1966, ADB is owned and financed by its 67

members, of which 48 are from the region and

19 are from other parts of the globe.

ADBs main partners are governments, the

private sector, nongovernment organizations,

development agencies, community-basedorganizations, and foundations.


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Vision

ADB is an international development finance

institution whose mission is to help its

developing member countries reduce poverty

and improve the quality of life of their people.


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ADB has provided over $575 mill for road

projects in Afghanistan(ADF).

In 2008, India was the largest borrower with

$2.9 billion, or 27.4% of the total loans ADB

extended last year.


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What does ADB do?

ADB's overarching goal is to reduce poverty in

Asia and the Pacific. It helps to improve the

quality of people's lives by providing loans and

technical assistance for a broad range ofdevelopment activities.


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Organization

The highest decision making tier at ADB is its

Board of Governors, to which each of ADB's 67

members nominate one Governor.

The Governors' day to day responsibilities are

largely delegated to the 12-person Board of

Directors,
http://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/GOV/default.asp


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Management

The President is Chairperson of the Board of

Directors, and under the Board's direction,conducts the business of ADB.

The President now heads a management team

comprising four Vice-Presidents and the

Managing Director General, who supervise the

work of ADB's operational, administrative, and

knowledge departments.
http://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/adb-management.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/adb-management.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/adb-management.asphttp://www.adb.org/About/adb-management.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/BOD/default.asp


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The President is elected by the Board of a

term of five years and may be reelected


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STRATEGIES

OPERATIONAL

formulates operational strategies for individual

countries, including economic, thematic and

sector policy analyses, and undertakes country

performance reviews which provide a basis for

policy dialogue with the governments of



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COUNTRY PARTENERSHIP STRATEGY(CPS)

:includes an indicative rolling country business

plan composed of individual technical

assistance and loan projects and programs forpriority sectors

REGIONAL CO-OPERATION STRATEGIES &

PROGRAMS(RCSPS) : To ensure coherence andstrategic prioritization


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STRATEGY 2020

Under Strategy 2020, a long-term strategic

framework adopted in 2008, ADB will follow

three complementary strategic agendas:

Inclusive growth,

Environmentally sustainable

growth,&

Regional integration.
http://www.adb.org/Strategy2020/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/inclusive-social.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/regional-cooperation.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/regional-cooperation.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/regional-cooperation.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/regional-cooperation.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/environmental-sustainability.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/inclusive-social.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/inclusive-social.asphttp://www.adb.org/poverty/inclusive-social.asphttp://www.adb.org/Strategy2020/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/Strategy2020/default.asphttp://www.adb.org/Strategy2020/default.asp


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ON WHAT ADB FOCUSESADB Focuses on poverty reduction. In

doing so, It emphasizes :

Promotion of pro-poor , sustainable economicgrowth

Social development

Good governanceIn support of the above,ADB concentrates on:

Prection of environment

Promotion of gender & development


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Operations

ADB works in partnership with governments

and public and private enterprises in itsdeveloping member countries on projects and

programs that will contribute to economic and

social development, based on the country'sneeds and priorities.

In 2007, ADB approved loans worth $10.1

billion for 82 projects, most of which went tothe public sector. Technical assistance, which

is used to prepare and implement projects

and support advisory and regional activities,-


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Responding to Challenges of a

Changing Region

ADB was conceived amid the postwar

rehabilitation and reconstruction of the early

1960s. The vision was of a financial institution

that would be Asian in character and fostereconomic growth and cooperation in the

region then one of the poorest in the world.

The Philippines capital of Manila was chosento host the new institution the Asian

Development Bank which opened its doors

on 19 December 1966, with 31 members to


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Through the years, ADB's work and assistance

levels has expanded alongside its membership

as the region has undergone far-reaching

changes.

As 2007 drew to a close, ADB celebrated 41

years of fruitful cooperation with the

governments and peoples of the Asia andPacific region. It could look back on

phenomenal economic growth in the region

alongside abiding development challenges


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Financial Resources

Carrying a triple-A credit rating, ADB raises funds

through bond issues on the world's capital markets.

It also utilizes its members' contributions and

retained earnings from lending operations. Thesesources comprise ADB's ordinary capital resources

and account for 74.1% of lending to ADB's


Loans are also provided from Special FundsResources financed mostly from contributions of

donor members for ADB's concessional loan and

technical assistance programs.


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How ADB's Assistance is Financed

Ordinary Capital Resources: These are a pool

of funds available for ADB's lending

operations, replenished by borrowings from

the world's capital markets. OCR loans areoffered at near-market terms to better-off

borrowing countries.

Asian Development Fund: Funded by ADB'sdonor member countries, ADF offers loans at

very low interest rates and grants that help

reduce poverty in ADB's poorest borrowing'


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Technical assistance: Assists countries in

identifying and designing projects, improving

institutions, formulating development

strategies, or fostering regional cooperation.TA can be financed by grants, or more rarely

loans through ADB's central budget or a

number of special funds provided by ADB'sdonor members.


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ADB & INDIA

India is one of the largest borrowers from ADB

since 2007-08.


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ADB & INDIA

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the

Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Limited

(BMRCL) on signed a Facility Agreement for a

$250 million loan through ADBs non-sovereign lending window that signaled the

multilateral lending agencys first foray into

the mass rapid public transport sector inSouth-Asia- 2012


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Afghan Diaspora Project

Funding Utah State University led projects to bring labor skills

in Thailand

Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project in

Indonesia

Greater Mekong Subregional Program

ROC Ping Hu Offshore Oil and Gas Development

Strategic Private Sector Partnerships for Urban PovertyReduction in the Philippines

Trans-Afghanistan Gas Pipeline Feasibility Assessment

Loan of $1.2 billion to bail it out of an impending economic

crisis in Pakistan
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Summary Initially, the focus was on assessing after completion the

extent to which projects had achieved their expectedeconomic and social benefits. Operations evaluation now

shapes decision making throughout the project cycle and in

ADB as a whole.

Behavioral autonomy, avoidance of conflicts of interest,insulation from external influence, and organizational

independence have made evaluation a dedicated tool

governed by the principles of usefulness, credibility,

transparency, and independencefor greater accountabilityand making development assistance work better. Independent

Evaluation at the Asian Development Bank presents a

perspective of evaluation in ADB from the beginnings and

looks to a future in which knowledge management plays an

increasingly important role

Documents

Asian Developement Bank