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Assessing the Value and the Assessing the Value and the Impact of the Performing Arts in Impact of the Performing Arts in
the U.S.Athe U.S.A
Presenting and Performing Presenting and Performing OrganizationsOrganizations
75%
25%
Valuable
Indifferent
1. What do Americans think about 1. What do Americans think about attending live performance?attending live performance?
Do the performing arts improve the Do the performing arts improve the quality of life in your community?quality of life in your community?
80%
20%
Agree
Disagree
Do the performing arts contribute to Do the performing arts contribute to the development and education of the development and education of
children?children?
90%
10%
AgreeDisagree
Two Groups of Focus:Two Groups of Focus:
1. Not for profit presenting 1. Not for profit presenting organizationsorganizations
1. Not for profit presenting 1. Not for profit presenting organizationsorganizations
Non-Profit OrganizationsNon-Profit Organizations
All money earned goes directly back into the All money earned goes directly back into the organizationorganization
For-Profit OrganizationsFor-Profit Organizations
All money earned is distributed amongst the All money earned is distributed amongst the investorsinvestors
Category 2Category 2
Non for profit producing groupsNon for profit producing groups
Four Categories of Presenting Four Categories of Presenting OrganizationsOrganizations
1. University Presenters1. University Presenters
2. Large and Medium- sized Performing Arts 2. Large and Medium- sized Performing Arts CentersCenters
3. Small arts organizations presenting primarily new 3. Small arts organizations presenting primarily new worksworks
4. Culturally specific organizations4. Culturally specific organizations
University Performing Arts CentersUniversity Performing Arts Centers
Main funding comes from two areas:Main funding comes from two areas:
1.1. The UniversityThe University
2.2. Ticket SalesTicket Sales
Ticket SalesTicket Sales
55%
45% Various
Ticket Sales
Performing Arts CentersPerforming Arts Centers
Private FoundationsPrivate Foundations
Ticket Sales 30 – 50%Ticket Sales 30 – 50%
Government Grants (NEA)Government Grants (NEA)
Small Arts OrganizationsSmall Arts Organizations
FoundationsFoundations IndividualsIndividuals City and State OrganizationsCity and State Organizations Ticket Sales (14%)Ticket Sales (14%)
Culturally Specific OrganizationsCulturally Specific Organizations
Small budgetsSmall budgets Volunteer BasedVolunteer Based
Figures between 1982-1997Figures between 1982-1997
010203040
50607080
Percentage ofCentersOpened
Revenue
Non-profit
For-profit
Not for Profit Producing GroupsNot for Profit Producing Groups
SymphoniesSymphonies
Total number of concerts performed in the last Total number of concerts performed in the last decade rose 30%decade rose 30%
Between 2003-2004 orchestras performed Between 2003-2004 orchestras performed more than 36,000 concertsmore than 36,000 concerts
17,000 were educational17,000 were educational Generated $1.7 billion in revenueGenerated $1.7 billion in revenue
Average Orchestra Ticket PricesAverage Orchestra Ticket Prices
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1985 1995
Ticket Prices
Increase in RevenueIncrease in Revenue
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1996 2006
Expenses
Revenue
Income PercentagesIncome Percentages
IncreasedIncreased ConcertsConcerts EndowmentsEndowments Private ContributionsPrivate Contributions Other earned incomeOther earned income
DecreasedDecreased Income from Income from
government grantsgovernment grants
RevenueRevenue
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2003 2004
GovernmentGrants
PrivateContributions
Concerts
Expenses Expenses
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2003-2004
ArtisticPersonal
ConcertProduction
Fundraising
Classical MusicClassical Music
Over half of the audience at traditional Over half of the audience at traditional concerts is over the age of 55concerts is over the age of 55
12% attended a classical performance in 200212% attended a classical performance in 2002 25% listened to one on the radio25% listened to one on the radio 45-64 year olds are most likely to attend 45-64 year olds are most likely to attend
performances performances
TheatreTheatre
61% of the 1,447 theatres looked at have 61% of the 1,447 theatres looked at have budgets of $250,000 or lessbudgets of $250,000 or less
Non-profit theatres contributed over $1.6 Non-profit theatres contributed over $1.6 billion to the U.S. economy billion to the U.S. economy
Theatre’s Economic ImpactTheatre’s Economic Impact
$0
$50,000,000
$100,000,000
$150,000,000
$200,000,000
$250,000,000
$300,000,000
$350,000,000
$400,000,000
1996 2002
110% Increase
Non-profit vs. CommercialNon-profit vs. Commercial
57%
43%Non-Profit
Commerical
Facts on TheaterFacts on Theater
Theatres profiled in 2004 filled an average of Theatres profiled in 2004 filled an average of 71% of their seats with paying customers71% of their seats with paying customers
Subscription prices have risen 21%Subscription prices have risen 21% While ticket prices have risen 24%While ticket prices have risen 24% Foundation money declined each yearFoundation money declined each year
Where the money is spent?Where the money is spent?
67%
15%
11%
7%
Payroll
Marketing
Occupancy
Production
DanceDance
Northeast and West regions of the U.S. have the Northeast and West regions of the U.S. have the largest concentration of dance companieslargest concentration of dance companies
Tax Exempt Dance CompaniesTax Exempt Dance Companies
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1987 1997
Ballet
Modern
Folk/Ethnic
Not Designated
IncomeIncome
GrantsGrants AuctionsAuctions ContributionsContributions Ticket SalesTicket Sales
Ticket Sales vs. ContributionsTicket Sales vs. Contributions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1989 1999
Contributions
Ticket Sales
Average Government Grants AwardedAverage Government Grants Awarded
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
GovernmentGrants
1988
2001
OperaOpera
Only 10% of patrons would not be interested Only 10% of patrons would not be interested in trying a new operain trying a new opera
40% of these were in their 40s40% of these were in their 40s 25% were eager to attend new and rare 25% were eager to attend new and rare
performancesperformances 80% of opera goers will see the same opera 80% of opera goers will see the same opera
twicetwice
SubscriptionsSubscriptions
Support and sustain the artsSupport and sustain the arts Preferred seatingPreferred seating Advanced PlanningAdvanced Planning
Overview of All Performing ArtsOverview of All Performing Arts
Factors Contributing to RiseFactors Contributing to Rise
Increasing quality of electronically reproduced Increasing quality of electronically reproduced substitutes for live performancessubstitutes for live performances
Rising costs of attending a live performanceRising costs of attending a live performance Preference for home-based leisure activitiesPreference for home-based leisure activities Flexibility in schedulesFlexibility in schedules
What type of performance where What type of performance where they attending?they attending?
02468
101214161820
1982 1992 2002
Classical
Opera
Musicals
Plays
Dance
What type of music are these What type of music are these patrons listening to?patrons listening to?
46%
36%
18%
Classic Rock
Country
Other
Mid-sized OrganizationsMid-sized Organizations
Strong, on-going programmingStrong, on-going programming Reduction of wage growthReduction of wage growth Avoidance of new works to avoid royalty Avoidance of new works to avoid royalty
paymentspayments Choosing productions that require fewer artists Choosing productions that require fewer artists
and/or scene changesand/or scene changes Cutting rehearsal timesCutting rehearsal times Targeting niche audiences with a predictable, Targeting niche audiences with a predictable,
loyal audiencesloyal audiences
EducationEducation
Live arts in the schools have not been a Live arts in the schools have not been a priority in many statespriority in many states
Exposure to the arts at a young age coupled Exposure to the arts at a young age coupled with a sound general education will result in with a sound general education will result in increased arts attendanceincreased arts attendance
FinanceFinance
Larger organizations are more likely to sustain Larger organizations are more likely to sustain themselvesthemselves
Smaller organizations experienced decreased Smaller organizations experienced decreased audiences and fewer donations after 9/11audiences and fewer donations after 9/11
Political StatePolitical State
The current government's push for homeland The current government's push for homeland security has made people fearfulsecurity has made people fearful
The FutureThe Future
A recognition and respect for global A recognition and respect for global interdependenceinterdependence
SpasiboSpasibo
Thank You Thank You