Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Holt Earth Science 29 The Sun

Name Class Date

Assessment

Chapter Test A

Chapter: The SunMATCHING

In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.

______ 1. radiative zone

______ 2. photosphere

______ 3. aurora

______ 4. corona

______ 5. solar flare

______ 6. chromosphere

______ 7. convective zone

______ 8. core

______ 9. sunspot

______ 10. prominence

MULTIPLE CHOICE

In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes each statement or best answers each question.

a. the center of the sun

b. outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere

c. region of the sun from which energy moves upward

d. dark, cooler area on the sun

e. glowing cloud of gas that arches over the sun’s surface

f. layer of sun’s atmosphere that glows with reddish color

g. area of the sun closest to the core

h. visible surface of the sun; innermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere

i. violent, explosive release of solar energy

j. colored light resulting from solar wind interacting with Earth’s atmosphere

______ 11. How long is the average sunspot cycle? a. 27 days b. 21 years c. 11 years d. 365 days

______ 12. What is the hottest layer of the sun’s atmosphere called? a. convective zone b. corona c. radiative zone d. photosphere

______ 13. Energy is the result of a. nuclear division. b. nuclear fission. c. nuclear fusion. d. nuclear fissure.

______ 14. The temperature of the sun’s core is approximately a. 15,000,000°C. b. 20,000,000°C. c. 4,000°C. d. 150,000°C.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Holt Earth Science 30 The Sun

Name Class Date

Chapter Test A continued

______ 15. How do sunspots form? a. Magnetic fields increase energy transfer in the convective zone. b. Magnetic fields reduce energy transfer in the convective zone. c. The radiative zone reduces energy transfer to the core. d. The core shuts down and reduces energy transfer.

______ 16. What elements make up most of the sun’s mass? a. carbon and oxygen b. carbon and hydrogen c. helium and nitrogen d. hydrogen and helium

______ 17. Which of the following are part of the sun’s atmosphere? a. nucleus and core b. radiative zone and convective zone c. photosphere and chromosphere d. aurora and borealis

______ 18. Particles thrown off the sun’s corona that can affect Earth’s magnetic field are called a. a coronal mass injection. b. a coronal mass ejection. c. nuclear fusion. d. a sunspot.

______ 19. During nuclear fusion in the sun, which of the following occurs? a. Atomic nuclei split apart. b. The aurora australis appears. c. Hydrogen nuclei combine to produce a helium nucleus. d. A solar eclipse results.

______ 20. Einstein’s equation E�mc2 helps scientists understand the sun’s energy because the equation a. describes nuclear fission. b. explains how mass can be converted into huge amounts of energy. c. describes solar flares. d. explains a star’s specific wavelengths of light.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Holt Earth Science 53 The Sun

ANSWER KEY

41. between 100 and 1,000 km 42. just after a peak in the sunspot cycle,

especially after solar flares occur 43. about five times a year 44. in Alaska 45. on Jupiter and Saturn

Math Skills

1. 1.5 � 107°C 1.5 � 107 � 1.5 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10 �

10 � 10 � 10 � 15,000,000 2. 3 � 105 km 3 � 105 � 3 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10

� 300,000 3. 1.39 � 106 km 1.39 � 106 � 39 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10

� 10 � 10 � 1,390,000 4. 6 � 108 tons 600 million � 600,000,000 6 x 108 � 6 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10

� 10 � 10 � 10 � 600,000,000 5. 1.6 � 104 km 1.6 � 104 � 1.6 � 10 � 10 � 10 � 10

� 16,000

Graphing Skills

1. 7,000,000°C 2. core 3. convective zone 4. 1,500,000°C 5.

Chromosphere(low)

Parts of Sun‘s Atmosphere

Temperatures of Parts of the Sun‘s Atmosphere

Thou

sand

s of

°C

Chromosphere(high)

Photosphere Sunspot0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Section QuizzesSECTION: STRUCTURE OF THE SUN 1. B 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. C

6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A

SECTION: SOLAR ACTIVITY 1. E 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. A

Chapter Test A

1. G 11. C 2. H 12. B 3. J 13. C 4. B 14. A 5. I 15. B 6. F 16. D 7. C 17. C 8. A 18. B 9. D 19. C 10. E 20. B

Chapter Test B

1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. E 6. J 7. H 8. F 9. I 10. G 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A