Assessment

COURSE

ED 1203: INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING

COURSE INSTRUCTOR

SAID A.S.YUNUS04/19/23 1

ED 1203 - INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING

The word ‘assess’ comes from the Latin verb ‘assidere’ meaning ‘to sit with’.

In assessment one is supposed to sit with the learner. This implies it is something we do ‘with’ and ‘for’ students and not ‘to’ students (Green, 1999).

Assessment in education is the process of gathering, interpreting, recording, and using information about pupils’ responses to an educational task. (Harlen, Gipps, Broadfoot, Nuttal,1992)

What is Assessment?

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What is Evaluation?

Evaluation is the process of analyzing, reflecting upon, and summarizing assessment information and making judgments and/or decisions based on the information collected about student achievement in relation to outcomes.

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Assessment vs. Evaluation

"Evaluation usually occurs when students finish a task, whereas assessment goes beyond evaluation to include gathering information about student performance as they work as well as when they are finished. Assessment is also usually done with the student, while evaluation is done to the students' work."

Source: AASL & AECT. (1998). Information Power, Building Partnerships for Learning. Chicago and London: American Library Association, page 173.

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Assessment Shifts

Assessment of At the end of learning, summative, performance in reference to a

standard

Assessment for During learning, used to inform instruction and learning, student

is a partner in the assessment process

Assessment as is about reflecting, discussing together before, during and after

teaching and learning.

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AssessmentOF Learning FOR & AS Learning• Evaluation• Summative (after)

• Judging• Assigning grades & reporting on achievement

• Assessment• Diagnostic (before) & Formative (during, ongoing)• Coaching• Providing feedback to students & teachers to make decisions about next steps in learning

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The Assessment-Instruction Process

Summative Assessment

“making sure”

Formative Assessment

“checking in” “feedback” “student

involvement”

Pre – Assessment

“finding out”

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Pre-Assessment Strategies

Checklist Pre-test KWL Charts Graphic Organizers Pre-test Student Discussions Student

Demonstrations

Student ProductsStudent Work SamplesShow of hands/EPR (Every Pupil Response)Standardized Test DataTeacher ObservationWriting PromptsWriting Samples

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Formative Assessments:Assessments FOR learning happens while Assessments FOR learning happens while

learning is still underway.learning is still underway. These are assessments that:

are conducted throughout teaching and learning to diagnose student needs

plan the next steps in instruction provide students with feedback they can

use to improve the quality of their work help students see and feel how they are in

control of their journey to success

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Definition: Formative assessment delivers information during the

instructional process, before the summative assessment. Both the teacher and the student use formative assessment results to make decisions about what actions to take to promote further learning. It is an ongoing, dynamic process that involves far more than frequent testing, and measurement of student learning is just one of its components.

Almost any assessment instrument can be used for summative or formative purposes, but some, by design, are better suited to summative use and others to formative use.

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Formative Assessment Strategies: Learning Logs Oral Attitude

Surveys Oral Presentations Peer Evaluations Problem Solving

Activities Products Questioning Quiz Response Groups Self-Evaluations

ConferenceCooperative Learning ActivitiesDemonstrationsExit CardGraphic Organizers“I Learned” StatementsInterviewsJournal EntryKWLs

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Effective Formative Assessments Provide the Following:1. Provide a clear and understandable vision of

the learning target

2. Use examples and models of strong and weak work

3. Offer regular descriptive feedback.

4. Teach students to self-assess and set goals.

5. Engage students in self-reflection, and let them keep track of and share their learning.

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Summative AssessmentA summative assessment/evaluation is referred as

assessment OF learning which conducted at the end of the progrsmme. Summative assessment is designed to:provide information make judgments about student achievement at the

end of a sequence of instruction, (e.g., final drafts/attempts, tests, exam, assignments, projects, performances)

It is a means to determine a student’s It is a means to determine a student’s mastery and understanding of information, skills, mastery and understanding of information, skills, concepts, or processes.concepts, or processes.

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Summative Assessment Strategies

Unit Test Performance Task Product/Exhibit Demonstration Portfolio Review

www.stcloudstate.edu/oce/teaching/documents/FORMATIVEASSESSMENT.ppt

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Assessment InstrumentsPre-assessment Pre-assessment (diagnostic)(diagnostic)

Formative Formative (ongoing)(ongoing)

Summative (final)Summative (final)

PretestsPretests QuizzesQuizzes Teacher-made Teacher-made testtest

ObservationsObservations DiscussionsDiscussions PortfoliosPortfolios

Journals/logsJournals/logs AssignmentsAssignments ProjectsProjects

DiscussionsDiscussions ProjectsProjects Standardized Standardized teststests

QuestionnaireQuestionnairess

ObservationsObservations

InterviewsInterviews PortfoliosPortfolios

Journal logsJournal logsStandardized Standardized teststests

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Informal and Formal Assessment Informal assessment can take a number of

forms:unplanned comments, verbal feedback to

students, observing students perform a task or work in small groups, and so on.

Formal assessment are exercises or procedures which are:systematic give students and teachers an appraisal

of students’ achievement such as tests.

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Traditional Assessment

Multiple-choice True-false Matching Norm-referenced and criterion referenced

tests

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Norm and Criterion-referenced tests Norm-referenced test

standardized tests (college board, TOEFL, GRE)

Place test-takers on a mathematical continuum in rank order

Criterion-referenced testsgive test-takers feedback on specific

objectives (“criterea”) test objectives of a course known as “instructional value”

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Authentic Assessment Authentic assessment

reflects student learning, achievement, motivation, and attitudes on instructionally relevant classroom activities

Examples: performance assessmentportfoliosself-assessment

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Purposes for Assessment Diagnose students strengths and needs Provide feedback on student learning Provide a basis for instructional placement Inform and guide instruction Communicate learning expectations Motivate and focus students’ attention and

effort Provide practice applying knowledge and

skills

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Purposes continued Provide a basis for evaluation for the

purpose of:GradingPromotion/graduationProgram admission/selectionAccountabilityGauge program effectiveness

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