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    BBA 2007

    PRINCIPLE OF MACROECONOMICS

    CHAI JIA NI

    960411-14-5238

    202409

    DECEMBER 2015

    CONTENT

     N

    O

    CONTENT PAGES

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    1 In!"#$%&"n 2-3

    2 T'() 1 4-13

    3 T'() 2 14-23

    4 T'() 3 24-37

    5 C"n%*$(&"n 38-39

    6 R+,+!+n%+ 40

    7 C"$!(+"!) 41-45

    In!"#$%&"n

    On+ ", .+ /'&n +'( .' +%"n"/&( J".n M'n'!# +n+( &n!"#$%+# &( .+ +' .'

    .+ n$/+! "n+ #!&+! ", .+ +%"n"/ &( #+/'n# I, + %'n /+'($!+ .+ +%"n"/ &n

    P'+ 1 ", 45

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    +!/( ", .' ++!"n+ (+n#( .+n + %'n +(&/'+ .+ *++* ", !"#$%&"n &n "$!

    +%"n"/ + /+'($!+ .+ +%"n"/ $(&n GDP

    S'&n &( &/"!'n " .+ +%"n"/&% !"!+(( ", ' %"$n! +%'$(+ ", &( !+*'&"n "

    &n+(/+n I, .+!+ &( " + 'n &n%!+'(+ &n !"#$%&+ +'*. ("/+ &n#&$'*( /$( +

    &**&n " '('&n ,!"/ %"n($/&n .+&! +n&!+ &n%"/+ P!"!+(( &( n" #++n#+n "n

    ('&n '*"n+ .+!+ /$( '*(" + &n#&$'*( &**&n " &n+( 'n# .+!+ &n%!+'(+

     !"#$%&+ %''%&

    .' #&(&n$&(.+# ,&n'n%&'* &n(&$&"n( ,!"/ ".+! ,&!/( &( .+ !+*'&+* (/'** (.'!+ ", 

    !+'* '((+( "n .+&! '*'n%+ (.++( T.$( .+ #&!+% &/'% ", ,&n'n%&'* &n(&$&"n( "n .+

    !+'* +%"n"/ &( !+*'&+* /&n"! T.+ &n#&!+% &/'% ", ,&n'n%&'* /'!)+( 'n#

    &n(&$&"n( "n +%"n"/&% +!,"!/'n%+ &( +:!'"!#&n'!&* &/"!'n T.+ ,&n'n%&'* (+%"!

    /"&*&;+( ('&n( 'n# '**"%'+( %!+#& '%!"(( ('%+ 'n# &/+ I !"+( n" "n*

     '/+n (+!&%+( $ '*(" +n'*+( ,&!/( 'n# ."$(+."*#( " %"+ &. +%"n"/&%

    $n%+!'&n&+( .+#&n ""*&n (.'!&n 'n# !&%&n !&()( An +,,&%&+n ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! 

    !+#$%+( .+ %"( 'n# !&() ", !"#$%&n 'n# !'#&n ""#( 'n# (+!&%+( 'n# .$( /')+( 'n

    &/"!'n %"n!&$&"n " !'&(&n .+ ('n#'!# ", *&&n T.+ '$."!( +&n .+&! 'n'*(&(

      %"n(+!&n ." 'n +%"n"/ "$*# +!,"!/ &."$ ' ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! 'n# .+n

     !"%++# " &n!"#$%+ ' (&/*&,&+# ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! &. #&!+% ,&n'n%&'* !'n('%&"n(

     +++n ('+!( 'n# &n+("!( F&n'n%&'* &n+!/+#&'!&+( '!+ &n!"#$%+# .&%. !'n(,"!/

    .+ #&!+% "*&'&"n( ", &n+("!( &n" &n#&!+% "*&'&"n( ", ,&n'n%&'* &n+!/+#&'!&+(

    P'+ 2 ", 45

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    .&%. .'+ '!&$+( .' ('+!( !+,+! T.&( '!"'%. +/.'(&;+( ." .+ ,&n'n%&'*

    (+%"! %'n &/!"+ ". .+

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    42 E:*'&n ." ."$(+."*#( 'n# ,&!/( '!+ *&n)+# &n%"/+( 'n# +:+n#&$!+( 'n# ."

    +:+n#&$!+ &( #&+# &n" %"n($/&"n &n+(/+n "+!n/+n $!%.'(+( 'n# n+

    +:"!(

    G!"(( #"/+(&% !"#$% >GDP? &( .+ /"n+'! '*$+ ", '** .+ ,&n&(.+# ""#( 'n#

    (+!&%+( !"#$%+# &.&n ' %"$n!@( "!#+!( &n ' (+%&,&% &/+ +!&"# T."$. GDP &(

    P'+ 4 ", 45

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    $($'** %'*%$*'+# "n 'n 'nn$'* '(&( & %'n + %'*%$*'+# "n ' *$( 'n

    ':+( 'n# /&n$( 'n ($(&+( "n !"#$%( n" &n%*$#+# &n .+ '*$+ ", .+&! "$$(?

    GDP In#$(! %'n '*(" /+'($!+ .+ !+*'&+ %"n!&$&"n ", 'n &n#$(! (+%"! T.&( &(

     "((&*+ +%'$(+ GDP &( ' /+'($!+ ", @'*$+ '##+#@ !'.+! .'n ('*+( & '##( +'%. ,&!/@(

    '*$+ '##+# >.+ '*$+ ", &( "$$ /&n$( .+ '*$+ ", ""#( .' '!+ $(+# $ &n

     !"#$%&n &? F"! +:'/*+ ' ,&!/ $( (++* 'n# '##( '*$+ " & !"#$%&n ' %'!

    #"$*+ %"$n&n "$*# "%%$! &, GDP '##+# "+.+! .+ '*$+ ", .+ (++* 'n# .+ '*$+

    P'+ 5 ", 45

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    ", .+ %'! G!"(( "$$ >GO? /+'($!+( ('*+( ' '** ('+( ", !"#$%&"n 'n# .+!+,"!+

    &n"*+( ("/+ #+!++ ", #"$*+ %"$n&n B+%'$(+ & &( '(+# "n '*$+ '##+# GDP

    '*(" &n%!+'(+( .+n 'n +n+!!&(+ !+#$%+( &( $(+ ", /'+!&'*( "! ".+! !+("$!%+(

    >@&n+!/+#&'+ %"n($/&"n@? " !"#$%+ .+ ('/+ "$$ T.+ /"!+ ,'/&*&'! $(+ ", GDP

    +(&/'+( &( " %'*%$*'+ .+ !". ", .+ +%"n"/ ,!"/ +'! " +'! >'n# !+%+n* ,!"/

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    T.+ #&'!'/ '"+ (."( (&/*+( &/'&n'*+ +%"n"/ +%'$(+ ."$(+."*#( &** $(+

    .+ /"n+ +'!n+# &n $&n ,&!/( !"#$%( 'n# (+!&%+( T.&( &( %'**+# %"n($/&"n

    43 E:*'&n .+ !+*'&"n(.&( +++n &n=+%&"n( 'n# *+')'+( &n .+ %&!%$*'! ,*"

    P'+ 7 ", 45

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    T.+ #&'!'/ (."( .+ %*"(+# +%"n"/ An +%"n"/ &n .&%. n" '%&& &( %"n#$%+#

    &. "$(+ +%"n"/&+( A %*"(+# +%"n"/ &( (+*,-($,,&%&+n /+'n&n .' n" &/"!(

    '!+ !"$. &n 'n# n" +:"!( '!+ (+n "$ T.+ "'* &( " !"+ %"n($/+!( &.

    ++!.&n .' .+ n++# ,!"/ &.&n .+ +%"n"/@( "!#+!( An +%"n"/ .' #"+( n"

    &n+!'% &. .+ +%"n"/ ", 'n ".+! %"$n! A %*"(+# +%"n"/ !".&&( &/"!( 'n#

    +:"!( 'n# !".&&( 'n ".+! %"$n! ,!"/ '!&%&'&n &n .+&! ("%) /'!)+ T.+!+

    P'+ 8 ", 45

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    .'+ ++n /'n +:'/*+( ", %*"(+# +%"n"/&+( .!"$."$ .&("! $ +! ,+ %*"(+#

    +%"n"/&+( +:&( "#' '*(" %'**+# '$'!)

    T.+ ,&!( *+')'+ .' &( +.&( !"+!

    'n# .&( #+(? ' .+ +&nn&n 'n# +n# ", .+ +!&"# 'n# /+'($!+ .+ &n%!+'(+ &n n+

    "!. .&%. !+,*+%( .&( ('&n

    P'+ 9 ", 45

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    T"'* n'&"n'* ('&n &( /+'($!+# '( .+ +:%+(( ", n'&"n'* &n%"/+ "+! %"n($/&"n

    'n# ':+( 'n# &( .+ ('/+ '( n'&"n'* &n+(/+n "! .+ +:%+(( ", n+ n'&"n'* !"#$%

    "+! .+ '!( ", .+ !"#$% /'#+ $ ", %"n($/&"n ""#( 'n# (+!&%+( 'n# &+/(

     "$. "+!n/+n +:+n#&$!+( T.$( &n n'&"n'* &n%"/+ '%%"$n( ('&n &(

    '*'( +

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    G+ ' .' "$@!+ "!. 'n# (+n# *+(( .'n "$ +'!n M')+ ($!+ "$ )n" .'

    "$! =" &( "!. &n .+ /'!)+*'%+ %"n#$%&n 'n +'*$'&"n ", "$! ()&**(

     !"#$%&& =" '()( %"n!&$&"n " .+ %"/'n 'n# .+ "&n !'+ ". &n(+ 'n#

    "$(+ .+ %"/'n ,"! .' "$ #" B+&n $n#+!' ++n ' ."$('n# #"**'!( ' +'!

    %'n .'+ ' (&n&,&%'n %$/$*'&+ +,,+% "+! .+ %"$!(+ ", "$! "!)&n *&,+ H"++!

    n" /'+! ." /$%. "! ." *&*+ "$@!+ ' "$@** n++! + '.+'# &, "$ (+n# /"!+

    .'n "$ +'!n O,+n &@( +'(&+! " (+n# *+(( .'n & &( " +'!n /"!+ 'n# ' *&*+ %"(-

    %$&n +,,"! &n ' n$/+! ", '!+'( %'n !+($* &n & ('&n( I #"+(n@ '*'( .'+ "

    &n"*+ /')&n & ('%!&,&%+(

    P'+ 11 ", 45

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    44 E:*'&n .+ !"*+ ", ,&n'n%&'* (+%"!

    .' #&(&n$&(.+# ,&n'n%&'* &n(&$&"n( ,!"/ ".+! ,&!/( &( .+ !+*'&+* (/'** (.'!+ ", 

    !+'* '((+( "n .+&! '*'n%+ (.++( T.$( .+ #&!+% &/'% ", ,&n'n%&'* &n(&$&"n( "n .+

    !+'* +%"n"/ &( !+*'&+* /&n"! T.+ &n#&!+% &/'% ", ,&n'n%&'* /'!)+( 'n#

    &n(&$&"n( "n +%"n"/&% +!,"!/'n%+ &( +:!'"!#&n'!&* &/"!'n T.+ ,&n'n%&'* (+%"!

    /"&*&;+( ('&n( 'n# '**"%'+( %!+#& '%!"(( ('%+ 'n# &/+ I !"+( n" "n*

     '/+n (+!&%+( $ '*(" +n'*+( ,&!/( 'n# ."$(+."*#( " %"+ &. +%"n"/&%

    $n%+!'&n&+( .+#&n ""*&n (.'!&n 'n# !&%&n !&()( An +,,&%&+n ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! 

    P'+ 12 ", 45

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    !+#$%+( .+ %"( 'n# !&() ", !"#$%&n 'n# !'#&n ""#( 'n# (+!&%+( 'n# .$( /')+( 'n

    &/"!'n %"n!&$&"n " !'&(&n .+ ('n#'!# ", *&&n T.+ '$."!( +&n .+&! 'n'*(&(

      %"n(+!&n ." 'n +%"n"/ "$*# +!,"!/ &."$ ' ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! 'n# .+n

     !"%++# " &n!"#$%+ ' (&/*&,&+# ,&n'n%&'* (+%"! &. #&!+% ,&n'n%&'* !'n('%&"n(

     +++n ('+!( 'n# &n+("!( F&n'n%&'* &n+!/+#&'!&+( '!+ &n!"#$%+# .&%. !'n(,"!/

    .+ #&!+% "*&'&"n( ", &n+("!( &n" &n#&!+% "*&'&"n( ", ,&n'n%&'* &n+!/+#&'!&+(

    .&%. .'+ '!&$+( .' ('+!( !+,+! T.&( '!"'%. +/.'(&;+( ." .+ ,&n'n%&'*

    (+%"! %'n &/!"+ ". .+

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    T'() 2

    31 E:*'&n .' &( /+'n $n+/*"/+n 'n# &n,*'&"n

    T.+ !'#+-",, +++n &n,*'&"n 'n# $n+/*"/+n '( ,&!( !+"!+# A P.&**&(

    &n 1958'n# (" .'( ++n %.!&(+n+# .+ P.&**&( %$!+ T.+ (&/*+ &n$&&"n +.&n# .&(

    !'#+-",, &( .' '( $n+/*"/+n ,'**( "!)+!( '!+ +/"+!+# " $(. ,"! .&.+!

    '+( F&!/( ! " '(( .+(+ .&.+! '+ %"(( "n " %"n($/+!( !+($*&n &n .&.+!

     !&%+( 'n# 'n &n,*'&"n'! $&*#$ &n .+ +%"n"/ T.+ !'#+-",, ($+(+# .+

    P.&**&( %$!+ &/*&+( .' "*&%/')+!( %'n '!+ *" &n,*'&"n !'+( "! *"

    $n+/*"/+n $ n" ". D$!&n .+ 1960( /"n+'!&(( +/.'(&;+# !&%+ ('&*&

    >*" &n,*'&"n? .&*+ +n+(&'n( /"!+ ",+n +/.'(&;+# =" %!+'&"n

    T.+ +:+!&+n%+ ", ("-%'**+# (',*'&"n &n .+ 1970( &. (&/$*'n+"$(* .&. !'+( ",

     ". &n,*'&"n 'n# $n+/*"/+n +'n " #&(%!+#& .+ +' ", ' ('*+ !'#+-",,

     +++n .+ " In *'%+ ", .+ P.&**&( %$!+ /'n +%"n"/&(( +'n " "(& '

    n'$!'* !'+ ", $n+/*"/+n I, $n+/*"/+n +!+ " ,'** +*" .&( n'$!'* !'+

    ."++! (*&.* &n,*'&"n "$*# +&n " '%%+*+!'+ n#+! .+ n'$!'* !'+ ",

    $n+/*"/+n .+"! >'*(" %'**+# .+ N"n-A%%+*+!'&n In,*'&"n R'+ ",

    n+/*"/+n "! NAIR? &n(+'# ", %.""(&n +++n .&.+! $n+/*"/+n 'n#

    .&.+! &n,*'&"n "*&%/')+!( +!+ "*# " ,"%$( "n +n($!&n .' .+ +%"n"/

    !+/'&n+# ' &( n'$!'* !'+ .+ %.'**+n+ '( " '%%$!'+* +(&/'+ &( *++* 'n# "

    P'+ 14 ", 45

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    (++! .+ +%"n"/ "'!# !". !'+( .' /'&n'&n !&%+ ('&*& n" /'+! .' .+

    %"!!+("n#&n *++* ", $n+/*"/+n

    O)$n@( L' #+(%!&+( ' %*+'! !+*'&"n(.& +++n $n+/*"/+n 'n# n'&"n'* "$$

    &n .&%. *"+!+# $n+/*"/+n !+($*( &n .&.+! n'&"n'* "$$ S$%. ' !+*'&"n(.&

    /')+( &n$&&+ (+n(+ '( /"!+ +"*+ &n ' n'&"n "!) & (++/( "n* !&. .' .+

    "$$ ", .+ n'&"n (."$*# &n%!+'(+ B$&*#&n "n O)$n@( *' 'n".+! +%"n"/&( A

    P.&**&( #&(%"+!+# ' !+*'&"n(.& +++n $n+/*"/+n 'n# &n,*'&"n T.+ %.'&n ",

     '(&% +'( +.&n# .&( +*&+, ,"**"( '( /"!+ +"*+ "!) .+ n'&"n'* "$$

    &n%!+'(+( %'$(&n '+( " &n%!+'(+ %'$(&n %"n($/+!( " .'+ /"!+ /"n+ 'n# "

    (+n# /"!+ !+($*&n &n %"n($/+!( #+/'n#&n /"!+ ""#( 'n# (+!&%+( ,&n'** %'$(&n

    .+ !&%+( ", ""#( 'n# (+!&%+( " &n%!+'(+ In ".+! "!#( P.&**&( (."+# .'

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    +%"n"/&% "*&% /')+!( '!+ " )++ ". &n,*'&"n 'n# $n+/*"/+n *" P.&**&@(

    #&(%"+! '( 'n &/"!'n %"n%+$'* !+').!"$. $ '*(" "(+# ' !"$*+("/+

    %.'**+n+ ." " )++ ". $n+/*"/+n 'n# &n,*'&"n *" .+n *"+!&n "n+

    !+($*( &n !'&(&n .+ ".+!

    P'+ 15 ", 45

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    .+ NAIR .'( ++n +:!+/+* #&,,&%$* " &n #"n &n !'%&%+ N" "n* '!+ +(&/'+(

    ", & n""!&"$(* &/!+%&(+ .+ !'+ &(+*, ++n* %.'n+( "+! &/+ In .+ n&+#

    S'+( +(&/'+( ", .+ NAIR !"(+ ,!"/ '"$ 44 &n .+ 1960( " 62 &n .+

    1970( 'n# ,$!.+! " 72 &n .+ 1980( T.&( !+n# !++!(+# &(+*, &n .+ 1990( '(

    ",,&%&'** !+"!+# $n+/*"/+n ,+** In .+ *'+! .'*, ", .+ 1990( S &n,*'&"n

    !+/'&n+# n+'!* #"!/'n ' '!"$n# 3 .&*+ $n+/*"/+n ,+** " '!"$n# 46 In .+

    *'+! C*&n"n +'!( /'n +%"n"/&(( '!n+# .' &, $n+/*"/+n '( !"$. 'n

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    (&** "+! &n" '%%+*+!'&n &n,*'&"n T.+ n&+# S'+( ''!+n* .'# '%.&++# .+

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    '"$n# ' !"#$%&& ""/ .+ .&. !'+( ", &n%'!%+!'&"n ", ."(+ ." "$*#

    P'+ 16 ", 45

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    ".+!&(+ ,'** &.&n .+ !'n)( ", .+ $n+/*"+# .+ "+nn+(( ", .+ S +%"n"/ "

    "!*# !'#+ 'n# %"/+&&"n '/"n ".+!(

    T.+ ,$** ("! ."++! .'( " #" &. %*'(( %"n,*&% 'n# .+ !+*'&+* +') "(&&"n ",

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    $n+/*"/+n > ' ,'** &n #+/'n# #+,&%&+n $n+/*"/+n? T.+ P.&**&( %$!+ !+*'+(

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    P'+ 17 ", 45

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    32 E:*'&n .+ .!++ +( ", $n+/*"/+n 'n# +%"n"/&% %"( ", $n+/*"/+n

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  • 8/20/2019 Assignment BBA 2007

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  • 8/20/2019 Assignment BBA 2007

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    ,"! +/*"/+n "$*# +n($!+ .' "!)+!( +!+ "" (%'!+# " $(. ,"! '+ !&(+(

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    S"/+ +:'/*+( &**$(!'+ .+ /'n&$#+ ", .+ !&%+ /"+/+n( N"/&n'* %"+! !&%+(

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    .+n !&%+( ", ".+! ""#( !&(+( .+n !"#$%&"n ", ($%. ".+! ""#( +%"/+ /"!+

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    ", "$! /"#+* .+n++! + '*+! 'n +n#"+n"$( '!&'*+ + /"+ '*"n .+ %$!+ S"

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    C"n%*$(&"n

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    BBA 2007

    PRINCIPLE OF MACROECONOMICS

    CORSEOR 

    CHAI JIA NI

    960411-14-5238

    202409

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    DECEMBER 2015

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