Assignment Booklet Me2353 Finite Element Analysis Dec 2013 May 2014

7/22/2019 Assignment Booklet Me2353 Finite Element Analysis Dec 2013 May 2014

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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco)

2

X.A.F CGLLMDM GI MEDKEMMXKED BE@

PMCOEGLGD[

XSA EBDBX, ^]@]YG[BL-9>28>9

BSSKDEAMEP R]MSPKGES

AM83=3 IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS

KKK H.M. YK Sma. AM@MC 3 AB[ 0]EKP K IKEKPM MLMAMEP IGXA]LBPKGE GI HG]E@BX[ YBL]M

^XGHLMAS

^BXP

B2.2) Tobt ks tom ikektm mlmamet amtog`72.8) Ogw `gms tom ikektm mlmamet amtog` wgrf72.3) Tobt brm tom abke stmps kevglvm` ke IMB. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q2.0) Trktm tom stmps kevglvm` ke `mvmlgpked ikektm mlmamet ag`ml.2.=) Tobt brm tom hbskc bpprgbcoms tg kaprgvm b ikektm mlmamet ag`ml7

VB], Egv / @mc

8>2>Q

2.9) Trktm bey twg b`vbetbdms gi IMA Beblysks. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q2.4) Tobt brm tom amtog`s dmemrblly bssgckbtm` wkto ikektm mlmamet beblysks72.?) Lkst bey igur b`vbetbdms gi ikektm mlmamet amtog`. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q2.;) Tobt brm tom bpplkcbtkges gi IMB7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q2.2>) @mikem ikektm kiimrmecm amtog`.2.22) Tobt ks tom lkaktbtkge gi usked b ikektm `kiimrmecm amtog`7VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q2.28) @mikem ikektm vgluam amtog`.2.23) @kiimrmetkbtm ikektm mlmamet amtog` irga ikektm kiimrmecm amtog`.2.20) @kiimrmetkbtm ikektm mlmamet amtog` irga ikektm vgluam amtog`.


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X.A.F CGLLMDM GI MEDD BE@ PMCO / BR / X8>>?/ AM83=3 / YK / AMCO / @MC 8>23 AB[ 8>20

IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) 8

2.2=) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy `kscrmtkzbtkge ke ikektm mlmamet amtog`72.29) Tobt ks kscrmtkzbtkge7 VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.24) Lkst tom typms gi eg`ms. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q2.2?) @mikem mdrmm gi irmm`ga.2.2;) Tobt ks ambet hy `mdrmms gi irmm`ga7 VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q2.8>) Stbtm tom b`vbetbdm gi ikektm mlmamet amtog` gvmr gtomr euamrkcbl beblysks

amtog`s.

2.82) Stbtm tom ikml`s tg wokco IMB sglvked prgcm`urm ks bpplkcbhlm.2.88) Tobt ks b structurbl be` ege-structurbl prghlma72.83) @kstkedukso hmtwmme 2@ hbr mlmamet be` 2@ hmba mlmamet.

VB], Egv / @mc8>>;, Aby / Juem 8>22Q

2.80) Trktm tom mquklkhrkua mqubtkge igr be mlmametbl vgluam ke 3@ keclu`ked tom hg`yigrcm.

2.8=) Ogw tg wrktm tom mquklkhrkua mqubtkge igr b ikektm mlmamet7VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q2.89) Clbsskiy hgue`bry cge`ktkges. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.84) Tobt brm tom typms gi hgue`bry cge`ktkges72.8?) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy hgue`bry cge`ktkge be` hgue`bry vblum prghlma72.8;) Trktm tom `kiimrmecm hmtwmme kektkbl vblum prghlma be` hgue`bry vblum prghlma.2.3>) Tobt brm tom `kiimrmet typms gi hgue`bry cge`ktkges7 Dkvm mxbaplms.

VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

2.32) Lkst tom vbrkgus amtog`s gi sglvked hgue`bry vblum prghlmas.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

2.38) Trktm `gwe tom hgue`bry cge`ktkges gi b cbetklmvmr hmba BH gi spbe L ikxm` bt Bbe` irmm bt H suhjmctm` tg b uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb` gi ^ torgudogut tom spbe.

VB], Aby / Juem8>>;, 8>22Q

2.33) Hrkmily mxplbke igrcm amtog` be` stkiiemss amtog`.


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2.30) Tobt ks bspmct rbtkg72.3=) Trktm b sogrt egtm ge strmssstrbke rmlbtkge.2.39) Trktm gwe tom strmss strbke rmlbtkgesokp igr b tormm `kameskgebl strmss ikml`.

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.34) Stbtm tom miimct gi ^gkssges rbtkg.2.3?) @mikem tgtbl pgtmetkbl memrdy gi be mlbstkc hg`y.2.3;) Trktm tom pgtmetkbl memrdy igr hmba gi spbe Lskaply suppgrtm` bt me`s, suhjmctm`

tg b cgecmetrbtm` lgb`^bt ak` spbe. Bssuam MK cgestbet.

VB], Bprkl / Aby, Egv / @mc8>>?Q

2.0>) Stbtm tom prkeckplm gi akekaua pgtmetkbl memrdy.VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

2.02) Ogw wkll ygu ghtbke tgtbl pgtmetkbl memrdy gi b structurbl systma7VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22, Aby / Juem8>28Q

2.08) Trktm `gwe tom pgtmetkbl memrdy iuectkge igr b tormm `kameskgebl `migrabhlm hg`yke tmras gi strbke be` `ksplbcmamets. VB], Aby / Juem8>>;Q

2.03) Tobt sogul` hm cgesk`mrm` `urked pkmcmwksm trkbl iuectkges7VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.00) Ebam tom wmkdotm` rmsk`ubl amtog`s. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.0=) Tobt ks tom usm gi Xktz amtog`7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.09) Ametkge tom hbskc stmps gi Xbylmkdo-Xktz amtog`. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q2.04) Okdolkdot tom mqukvblmecm be` tom `kiimrmecm hmtwmme Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog` be` tom

ikektm mlmamet amtog`. VB], Egv / @mc

8>28Q

2.0?) @kstkedukso hmtwmme Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog` be` ikektm mlmamet amtog` wkto rmdbr`tg coggsked ksplbcmamet iuectkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

2.0;) Toy brm pglyegakbl typms gi ketmrpglbtkge iuectkges prmimrrm` gvmr trkdgegamtrkciuectkges7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;, Aby / Juem 8>23Q

2.=>) Tobt ks ambet hy wmbf igraulbtkge7 VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q


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2.=2) @mikem tom prkeckplm gi vkrtubl wgrf.2.=8) @kiimrmetkbtm Yge Aksms strmss be` prkeckplm strmss.2.=3) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy cgestktutkvm lbw7VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q2.=0) Tobt brm obe`pvmrskges gi ikektm mlmamet amtog`72.==) Tobt ks tom `kiimrmecm hmtwmme stbtkc be` `yebakc beblysks72.=9) Tobt ks Dblmrfke amtog` gi bpprgxkabtkge7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q2.=4) Tobt ks b wmkdotm` rmsuk`bl amtog`7 VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.=?) @kstkedukso hmtwmme pgtmetkbl memrdy be` pgtmetkbl memrdy iuectkgebl.2.=;) Ebam bey igur IMB sgitwbrm

^BXP

H

2.9>) Mxplbke tom stmp hy stmp prgcmùrm gi IMB. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.92) Mxplbke tom dmemrbl prgcmùrm gi ikektm mlmamet beblysks. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.98) Hrkmily mxplbke tom stbdms kevglvm` ke IMB.2.93) Mxplbke tom stmp hy stmp prgcmùrm gi IMA. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.90) Lkst gut tom dmemrbl prgcmùrm igr IMB prghlmas. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q2.9=) Cgapbrm IMA wkto gtomr amtog`s gi beblysks. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.99) @mikem kscrmtkzbtkge. Mxplbke amso rmikemamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.94) Mxplbke tom prgcmss gi `kscrmtkzbtkge gi b structurm ke ikektm mlmamet amtog` ke

`mtbkl, wkto suktbhlm kllustrbtkges igr mbco bspmct hmked & `kscussm`.

VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

2.9?) @kscuss prgcmùrm usked tom cgaamrckbl pbcfbdm (^.C. ^rgdrbas) bvbklbhlm tg`byigr sglvked prghlmas gi IMA. Pbfm b structurbl prghlma tg mxplbke tom sbam.

VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

2.9;) Stbtm tom kapgrtbecm gi lgcbtked eg`ms ke ikektm mlmamet ag`ml.VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

2.4>) Trktm b hrkmi egtm ge tom igllgwked.


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) =

(b) ksgtrgpkc abtmrkbl(h) grtogtrgpkc abtmrkbl(c) beksgtrgpkc abtmrkbl

2.42) Tobt brm kektkbl be` ikebl hgue`bry vblum prghlmas7 Mxplbke.VB], Egv / @mc

8>2>Q

2.48) Mxplbke tom gtmetkbl Memrdy Bpprgbco VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q2.43) Mxplbke tom prkeckplm gi akekakzbtkge gi pgtmetkbl memrdy.VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.40) Mxplbke tom igur wmkdotm` rmsk`ubl amtog`s. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q2.4=) Mxplbke Xktz amtog` wkto be mxbaplm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q2.49) Mxplbke Xbylmkdo Xktz be` Dblmrfke igraulbtkge wkto mxbaplm.


2.44) Trktm sogrt egtms ge Dblmrfke amtog`7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q2.4?) @kscuss strmssms be` mquklkhrkua gi b tormm kameskgebl hg`y.


2.4;) @mrkvm tom mlmamet lmvml mqubtkge igr gem `kameskgebl hbr mlmamet hbsm` ge tomstbtkge- gi b iuectkgebl. VB], Aby / Juem

8>28Q

2.?>) @mrkvm tom cobrbctmrkstkc mqubtkges igr tom gem `kameskgebl hbr mlmamet hy uskedpkmcm-wksm `mikem` ketmrpglbtkges be` wmbf igra gi tom wmkdotm` rmsk`ubl amtog`7


2.?2) Mxplbke Dbusskbe mlkakebtkge amtog` gi sglvked mqubtkges.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.?8) Trktm hrkmily bhgut Dbusskbe mlkakebtkge7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q2.?3) Pom igllgwked kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge ks bvbklbhlm igr b poyskcbl pomegamege.

Prkbl iuectkge ks ( )


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Hgue`bry cge`ktkges brm,y(>) 1 > y(2>) 1 >

Ike` tom vblum gi tom pbrbamtmr b, hy tom igllgwked amtog`s.

(k)Cgllgcbtkge (kk)Suh@gabke (kkk)Lmbst Squbrm

(kv) Dblmrfke

2.?0) @kscuss tom igllgwked amtog`s tg sglvm tom dkvme `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge : ()

wkto tom hgue`bry cge`ktkgey(>) 1 > be`y(O) 1 >

(k) Ybrkbet amtog` (kk)Cgllgcbtkge amtog`. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q2.?=) B cbetklmvmr hmba gi lmedto L ks lgb`m` wkto b pgket lgb` bt tom irmm me`. Ike` tom

abxkaua `milmctkge be` abxkaua hme`ked agamet usked Xbylmkdo-Xktz amtog`

usked tom iuectkge Dkvme: MK ks cgestbet.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

2.?9) B skaply suppgrtm` hmba cbrrkms uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb` gvmr tom metkrm spbe.Cblculbtm tom hme`ked agamet be` `milmctkge. Bssuam MK ks cgestbet be` cgapbrm

tom rmsults wkto gtomr sglutkge. VB], Egv / @mc

8>28Q

2.?4) @mtmrakem tom mxprmsskge igr `milmctkge be` hme`ked agamet ke b skaply suppgrtm`hmba suhjmctm` tg uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb` gvmr metkrm spbe. Ike` tom `milmctkge

be` agamet bt ak`spbe be` cgapbrm wkto mxbct sglutkge usked Xbylmkdo-Xktz

amtog`. ]sm VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q2.??) Cgaputm tom vblum gi cmetrbl `milmctkge ke tom ikdurm hmlgw hy bssuaked

Pom hmba ks uekigra torgudogut be` cbrrkms b cmetrbl pgket lgb`^.


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VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

2.?;) Ki b `ksplbcmamet ikml` ks `mscrkhm` hy ( ) ( )@mtmrakem tom `krmct strbkes kexbe`y`krmctkges bs wmll tom sombr strbke bt tom pgket

x1 2,y1>. VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>22Q

2.;>) Ke b sglk` hg`y, tom skx cgapgemets gi tom strmss bt b pgket brm dkvme hy x1 0>A^b, y1 8>A^b, z1 3>A^b, yz1 -3>A^b, xz1 2=A^bbe` xy1 2>A^b

@mtmrakem tom egrabl strmss bt tom pgket, ge b plbem igr wokco tom egrabl ks (ex, ey,

ez) 1 ( , , 82 )

2.;2) Ke b plbem strbke prghlma, wm obvmx1 8>,>>>psk y1 - 2>,>>>psk M 1 3> x 2>

9psk, 1 >.3.

@mtmrakem tom vblum gi tom strmss z.

2.;8) Igr tom sprked systma sogwe ke ikdurm, cblculbtm tom dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx,`ksplbcmamets gi eg`ms 8 be` 3, tom rmbctkge igrcms bt eg`m 2 be` 0. Blsg cblculbtm

tom igrcms ke tom sprked 8. Bssuam, f21 f31 2>>E/a, f81 8>>E/a, u21 u01 > be`

^1=>>E. VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>2>Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) ?

2.;3) ]sm tom XbylmkdoXktz amtog` tg ike` tom `ksplbcmamet gi tom ak`pgket gi tom rg`sogwe ke ikdurm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.;0) Cgesk`mr tom `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge suhjmcttg hgue`bry cge`ktkges () () Pom iuectkgebl cgrrmspge`ked tg toksprghlma, tg hm mxtrmakzm` ks dkvme hy

2.;=) Ike` tom sglutkge gi tom prghlma usked Xbylmkdo-Xktz amtog` hy cgesk`mrked b twg-tmra sglutkge bs () ( ) ( )VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

2.;9) B hbr gi uekigra crgss smctkge ks clbapm` bt gem me` be` lmit irmm bt tom gtomr me`. Ktks suhjmctm` tg b uekigra lgb` bxkbl lgb` ^ bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Cblculbtm tom

`ksplbcmamet be` strmss ke tom hbr usked tormm tmras pglyegakbl igllgwked Xktz

amtog`. Cgapbrm tom rmsults wkto mxbct sglutkges. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) ;

2.;4) B skaply Suppgrtm` hmba suhjmctm` tg uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb` gvmr metkrm spbebe` kt ks suhjmctm` tg b pgket lgb` bt tom cmetrm gi tom spbe. Cblculbtm tom `milmctkge

usked Xbylmkdo-Xktz amtog` be` cgapbrm wkto mxbct sglutkges.


2.;?)

B skaply suppgrtm` hmba (spbe L be` ilmxurbl rkdk`kty MK) cbrrkms twg mqublcgecmetrbtm` lgb`s bt mbco gi tom qubrtmr spbe pgkets. ]sked Xblmkdo Xktz amtog`

`mtmrakem tom `milmctkges ue`mr tom twg lgb`s be` tom twg me` slgpms.

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q

2.;;) Beblyzm b skaply suppgrtm` hmba suhjmctm` tg b uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb`torgudogut usked Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog`. B`gpt gem pbrbamtmr trkdgegamtrkc

iuectkge. Mvblubtm tom abxkaua `milmctkge be` hme`ked agamet be` cgapbrm wkto

mxbct sglutkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

2.2>>) ]sm tom Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog` tg ike` tom `ksplbcmamet ikml` u(x) gi tom rg` bssogwe hmlgw. Mlmamet 2 ks ab`m gi bluakeua be` mlmamet 8 ks ab`m gi stmml. Pom

prgpmrtkms brm

Mbl 1 4> D^b B21 ;>> aa8 L21 8>> aa

Mst 1 8>> D^b B81 28>> aa8

L81 3>> aa

Lgb` 1 ^ 1 2>,>>>E. Bssuam b pkmcmwksm lkembr ksplbcmamet.

Ikml` u 1 b2+ b8x igr > x8>> aa, be` u 1 b3+ b0x igr 8>> x=>> aa.

2.2>2) B ikxm` hmba lmedto gi 8L a cbrrkms b uekigraly `kstrkhutm` lgb` gi b w(ke E / a)wokco rue gvmr b lmedto gi L a irga tom ikxm` me`, bssogwe ke Ikdurm. Cblculbtm

tom rgtbtkge bt pgket H usked IMB. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) 2>

2.2>8) B rg` ikxm` bt kts me`s ks suhjmctm` tg b vbryked hg`y igrcm bs sogwe ke Ikdurm. ]smtom Xbylmkdo-Xktz amtog` wkto be bssuam` `ksplbcmamet ikml` () tg ike` tom `ksplbcmamet u(x) be` strmss (x). ^lgt tom vbrkbtkge gi tomstrmss ke tom rg`. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

2.2>3) B uekigra rg` suhjmctm` tg b uekigra bxkbl lgb` ks kllustrbtm` ke Ikdurm. Pom`migrabtkge gi tom hbr ks dgvmrem` hy tom `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge dkvme hmlgw

@mtmrakem tom ksplbcmamet usked wmkdotm` rmsk`ubl amtog`.



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2.2>0) B stmml rg` ks bttbcom` tg rkdk` wblls bt mbco me` be` ks suhjmctm` tg b `kstrkhutm`lgb` P(x) bs sogwe hmlgw.

b) Trktm tom mxprmsskge igr pgtmetkbl memrdy.

h) @mtmrakem tom `ksplbcmamet u(x) usked tom Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog`

Bssuam b ksplbcmamet ikml` u(x) 1 b>+ b2x + b8x8

.

2.2>=) @mrkvm tom strmssstrbke rmlbtkge be` strbke `ksplbcmamet rmlbtkge igr be mlmametke spbcm.

2.2>9) @mrkvm tom mqubtkge gi mquklkhrkua ke cbsm gi b tormm `kameskgebl strmss systma.VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

2.2>4) Tobt ks cgestktutkvm rmlbtkgesokp7 Mxprmss tom cgestktutkvm rmlbtkges igr b lkembrmlbstkc ksgtrgpkc abtmrkbl keclu`ked kektkbl strmss be` strbke. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

2.2>?) Dkvm b `mtbklm` egtm ge tom igllgwked:(b) Xbylmkdo Xktz amtog` (h) Dblmrfke amtog`

(c) Lmbst squbrm amtog` be` (`) Cgllgcbtkge amtog`

2.2>;) Ike` tom bpprgxkabtm `milmctkge gi b skaply suppgrtm` hmba ue`mr b uekigraly`kstrkhutm` lgb` ^ torgudogut kts spbe. ]sked Dblmrfke be` Lmbst squbrm rmsk`ubl

amtog`. VB], Aby / Juem

8>22Q

2.22>) Sglvm tom `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge igr b poyskcbl prghlma mxprmssm` bs wkto hgue`bry cge`ktkges bs y (>) 1 > be` y (2>) 1 > usked(k) ^gket cgllgcbtkge amtog`(kk) Suh gabke cgllgcbtkge amtog`


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(kkk) Lmbst squbrms amtog` be`(kv) Dblmrfke amtog`. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

2.222) Sglvm tom `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge igr b poyskcbl prghlma mxprmssm` bs wkto hgue`bry cge`ktkges bs y (>) 1 > be` y (2>) 1 > usked tomtrbkl iuectkge ( ) Ike` tom vblum gi tom pbrbamtmrs b2hy tomigllgwked amtog`s.

(k) ^gket cgllgcbtkge amtog`(kk) Suh gabke cgllgcbtkge amtog`(kkk) Lmbst squbrms amtog` be`(kv) Dblmrfke amtog`. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

2.228) Sglvm tom igllgwked mqubtkge usked b twgpbrbamtmr trkbl sglutkge hy tom(b) Cgllgcbtkge amtog`( )(h) Dblmrfke amtog`.

Pome, cgapbrm tom twg sglutkges wkto tom mxbct sglutkge

y(>) 1 2

2.223) @mtmrakem tom Dblmrfke bpprgxkabtkge sglutkge gi tom `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge () ()

2.220) Sglvm tom igllgwked `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge usked Dblmrfkes amtog`. () () VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.22=) B poyskcbl pomegamege ks dgvmrem` hy tom kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge


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Pom hgue`bry cge`ktkges brm dkvme hy() () . Hy tbfked twg-tmra trkbl sglutkge bs () () () wkto, () ( ) ( ) ike` tom sglutkge gitom prghlma usked tom Dblmrfke amtog`. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

2.229) @mtmrakem tom twg pbrbamtmr sglutkge gi tom igllgwked usked Dblmrfke amtog` () () VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q2.224) Dkvm b gem pbrbamtmr Dblmrfke sglutkge gi tom igllgwked mqubtkge, igr tom twg

`gabkes sogwe hmlgw. .28

8

8

8

y

u

x

u

2.22?) @mscrkhm tom Dbusskbe mlkakebtkge amtog` gi sglvked mqubtkges.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

2.22;) Mxplbke tom Dbusskbe mlkakebtkge amtog` igr tom sglvked gi skaultbemgus lkembrbldmhrbkc mqubtkges wkto be mxbaplm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

2.28>) Sglvm tom igllgwked systma gi mqubtkges usked Dbuss mlkakebtkge amtog`.VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

x2x8+ x31 2

-3x2 + 8x83x31 -9

8x2=x8+ 0x3 1 =

2.282) Sglvm tom igllgwked systma gi mqubtkges hy Dbuss Mlkakebtkge amtog`.8x28x8x01 2


14/85



8x8+ x3+ 8x01 8

x28x8+ 3x38x01 3 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

x8 + 8x3+ 8x01 0

2.288) Sglvm tom igllgwked mqubtkges hy Dbuss mlkakebtkge amtog`.8?r2+ 9r81 2

9r2+ 80r8 + 9r31 >

9r8+ 8?r3+ ?r01 -2

?r3+ 29r01 2> VB], Egv / @mc8>2>, 8>28Q

2.283) ]sm tom Dbusskbe mlkakebtkge amtog` tg sglvm tom igllgwked skaultbemgusmqubtkges:

0x2+ 8x88x3?x01 0

x2 + 8x8+ x31 8

>.=x2x8+ 0x3+ 0x01 2>

0x28x8x01 > VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q

2.280) Sglvm tom igllgwked systma gi mqubtkges usked Dbuss mlkakebtkge amtog`.x2+ 3x8+ 8x31 23

8x2+ x8x313

- =x2+ x8+ 3x31 9 VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q


15/85


IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) 2=

]EKP KK GEM @KAMESKGEBL IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS

^BXP B

8.2) Trktm b egtm ge eg`m euahmrked scomam.8.8) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy eg`m be` mlmamet78.3) Tobt brm tom typms gi prghlmas trmbtm` bs gem `kameskgebl prghlma7


8.0) Okdolkdot bt lmbst twg rulms tg duk`m tom plbcmamet gi tom eg`ms wome ghtbkekedbpprgxkabtm sglutkge tg b `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

8.=) @mikem sobpm iuectkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q8.9) Tobt ks b sobpm iuectkge7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q8.4) @kiimrmetkbtm sobpm iuectkge irga ksplbcmamet ag`ml.8.?) @rbw tom sobpm iuectkge gi b twg eg`m` lkem mlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q8.;) @rbw tom sobpm iuectkge gi b twg eg`m` lkem mlmamet wkto gem `mdrmm gi irmm`ga bt

mbco eg`m. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

8.2>) @rbw tom sobpm iuectkge igr gem `kameskgebl lkem mlmamet wkto tormm eg`ms.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q

8.22) Stbtm tom prgpmrtkms gi stkiiemss abtrkx. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;, 8>2>, 8>22Q8.28) Lkst gut tom stkiiemss abtrkx prgpmrtkms. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q8.23) Stbtm tom cobrbctmrkstkcs gi sobpm iuectkge. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q8.20) Lkst tom cobrbctmrkstkcs gi sobpm iuectkges. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q8.2=) Tome `gms tom stkiiemss abtrkx gi b structurm hmcgam skedulbr7

VB], Egv / @mc

8>28Q

8.29) Stbtm tom skdekikcbecm gi sobpm iuectkge.8.24) Trktm tom mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx igr b twg eg`m` lkembr mlmamet suhjmctm` tg bxkbl

lgb`ked.


16/85



8.2?) Trktm tom stkiiemss abtrkx igr tom skaplm hmba mlmamet dkvme hmlgw.VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

8.2;) Tobt brm tom prgpmrtkms gi dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q8.8>) Trktm tom prgpmrtkms gi Dlghbl Stkiiemss Abtrkx gi b gem `kameskgebl mlmamet.


8.82) @kiimrmetkbtm dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx irga mlmametbl stkiiemss abtrkx.8.88) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy hbe`m` abtrkx78.83)

Ogw wkll ygu ike` tom wk`to gi b hbe`7

8.80) Ogw `g ygu cblculbtm tom skzm gi tom dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx78.8=) Lkst tom prgpmrtkms gi tom dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q8.89) Dkvm b hrkmi egtm ge tom igllgwked

(b) mlkakebtkge bpprgbco (h) pmeblty bpprgbco.

8.84) Ebam tom ibctgrs wokco biimct tom euahmr mlmamet ke tom dkvme `gabke.8.8?) Stbtm tom rmqukrmamets tg hm iulikllm` hy tom bpprgxkabtm sglutkge igr kts

cgevmrdmecm tgwbr`s tom bctubl sglutkge.

8.8;) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy cgetkeukty wmbfmeked78.3>) Cgapbrm tom lkembr pglyegakbl bpprgxkabtkge be` qub`rbtkc pglyegakbl

bpprgxkabtkge.

8.32) Toy pglyegakbls brm dmemrblly usm` bs sobpm iuectkge7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q8.38) Toy brm pglyegakbl tmras prmimrrm` igr sobpm iuectkges ke ikektm mlmamet amtog`7


8.33) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy mrrgr ke IMB sglutkge78.30) Tobt brm tom typms gi lgb` bctked ge tom structurm78.3=) @mikem trbctkge igrcm (P).


17/85



8.39) Stbtm tom bssuaptkges brm ab`m woklm ike`ked tom igrcms ke b truss.VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

8.34) Ogw brm tomrabl lgb`s keput ke ikektm mlmamet beblysks7VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

8.3?) Tobt ks be ketmrpglbtkge iuectkge7 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q8.3;) Toy brm pglyegakbl typms gi ketmrpglbtkge iuectkges prmimrrm` gvmr trkdgegamtrkc

iuectkges7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

8.0>) Tobt ks be mqukvblmet eg`bl igrcm7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q8.02) Tobt brm cbllm` okdomr gr`mr mlmamets7

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?, Egv / @mc8>2>, 8>22Q

8.08) Tobt ks okdomr gr`mr mlmamet7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q8.03) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy okdomr gr`mr mlmamets7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q8.00) Toy okdomr gr`mr mlmamets brm rmqukrm` igr IM beblysks7 VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q8.0=) Tobt brm okdomr gr`mr mlmamets be` woy brm tomy prmimrrm`7


8.09)

Tobt brm tom cobrbctmrkstkcs gi sobpm iuectkges7

8.04) ^lgt tom vbrkbtkges gi sobpm iuectkge igr 2@ hmba mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

8.0?) Tome `g wm rmsgrt tg 2 @ qub`rbtkc spbr mlmamets7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q8.0;) Dkvm b hrkmi egtm ge tom sgurcms gi mrrgr ke IMB.8.=>) Stbtm tom skdekikcbecm gi pgst prgcmssked tom sglutkge ke IMB.8.=2) Tobt `g ygu fegw bhgut rb`kblly syaamtrkc prghlma78.=8) Trktm tom hgue`bry cge`ktkge igr b cbetklmvmr hmba suhjmctm` tg pgket lgb` bt kts

irmm me`.

8.=3) Igr b gem `kameskgebl ike prghlma, wobt brm bll tom hgue`bry cge`ktkges tobt cbe hmspmckikm` bt tom irmm me`7


18/85


IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) 2?

8.=0) @mtmrakem tom lgb` vmctgr igr tom hmba mlmamet sogwe ke Ikdurm

VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

8.==) Trktm tom mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx gi b truss mlmamet. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q8.=9) Sfmtco b typkcbl truss mlmamet sogwked lgcbl dlghbl trbesigrabtkge.


8.=4) @kiimrmetkbtm dlghbl be` lgcbl cggr`kebtms. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q8.=?) Stbtm tom `kiimrmecms hmtwmme b hbr mlmamet be` b truss mlmamet.

^BXP H

8.=;) Tobt brm tom `kiimrmet typms gi mlmamets7 Mxplbke tom skdekikcbecm gi mbco.VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

8.9>) @mrkvm be` sfmtco tom qub`rbtkc sobpm iuectkge igr tom hbr mlmamet.VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

8.92) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge gi b qub`rbtkc 2@ mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q8.98) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkges igr gem `kameskgebl lkembr mlmamet usked `krmct amtog`


8.93) @mtmrakem tom sobpm iuectkge be` mlmamet abtrkcms igr qub`rbtkc hbr mlmamet.VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

8.90) @mrkvm tom stkiiemss abtrkx be` ikektm mlmamet mqubtkge igr gem `kameskgebl hbr.VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

8.9=) Ghtbke be mxprmsskge igr tom sobpm iuectkge gi b lkembr hbr mlmamet.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

8.99) @mrkvm sobpm iuectkges be` stkiiemss abtrkx igr b 8@ rmctbedulbr mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q


19/85


IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) 2;

8.94) Cgesk`mr tom rg` (b rghgt bra) bs sogwe hmlgw, wokco ks rgtbtked bt cgestbetbedulbr vmlgckty 1 3> rb`/smc. @mtmrakem tom bxkbl strmss `kstrkhutkge ke tom rg`,

usked twg qub`rbtkc mlmamets. Cgesk`mr gely tom cmetrkiudbl igrcm. Kdegrm hme`ked

gi tom rg`.

8.9?) B stmml rg` gi lmedto 2a ks suhjmctm` tg be bxkbl lgb` gi = fE bs sogwe ke ikdurm.Brmb gi crgss smctkge gi tom rg` ks 8=> aa8. ]sked 2@ mlmamet mqubtkge sglvm igr

tom `milmctkge gi tom hbr, M 1 8*2>=E/aa8. ]sm igur mlmamets.

VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

8.9;) B cgluae gi lmedto =>>aa ks lgb`m` bxkblly bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Beblyzm tomcgluae be` mvblubtm tom strmss be` strbke bt sblkmet pgkets. Pom [gueds ag`ulus

cbe hm tbfme bs M. Pbfm B2 1 98.=aa8be` B81 28=aa

8

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q


20/85



8.4>) Cgesk`mr b hbr bs sogwe ke ikdurm. [gueds Ag`ulus M 1 8*2>=E/aa8. B21 8 ca8B81 2 ca

8be` igrcm gi 2>> E. @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamet.

VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

8.42) Cgesk`mr tom hbr sogwe ke Ikdurm Bxkbl igrcm ^ 1 3> fE ks bpplkm` bs sogwe.@mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamet, strmssms ke mbco mlmamet be` rmbctkge igrcms



21/85



8.48) Cgesk`mr tom hbr bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Bxkbl igrcm ^2 1 8> fE be` ^8 1 2= fE ksbpplkm` bs sogwe ke ikdurm. @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets, strmssms ke mbco

mlmamet be` rmbctkge igrcms. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

8.43) Ike` tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamet be` mlmametbl strmssms igr tom hbr sogwe ke Ikdurm.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q


22/85



8.40) Be bxkbl lgb` ^ 1 3>> x 2>3E ks bpplkm` bt 8>>C tg tom rg` bs sogwe hmlgw. Pomtmapmrbturm ks tome rbksm` tg 9>>C

b) Bssmahlm tom stkiiemss (F) be` lgb` (I) abtrkcms.

h) @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets be` mlmamet strmssms.

8.4=) Pom stmppm` hbr sogwe ke ikd ks suhjmctm` tg be kecrmbsm ke tmapmrbturm, P1?>g C@mtmrakem tom ksplbcmamets, mlmamet strmssms be` suppgrt rmbctkges.

VB], Egv / @mc

8>>;Q

8.49) Bxkbl lgb` gi =>>E ks bpplkm` tg b stmppm` sobit, bt tom ketmribcm gi twg hbrs. Pomme`s brm ikxm`. Ghtbke tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets be` strmssms wome tom mlmamet ks


23/85



suhjmctm` tg bll ke tmapmrbturm gi 2>>C. Pbfm M21 4>*2>3E/aa8, M81 8>>*2>

3

E/aa8, B21 ;>>aa8, B81 28>>aa

8, 21 83*2>-9/ C, 81 22.4*2>

-9/ C, L21

8>>aa, L81 3>>aa. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

8.44) Cgesk`mr b hbr bs sogwe hmlgw obvked b crgss smctkgebl brmb Bm 1 2.8 ke8 be`[gueds ag`ulus M 1 3> x 2>

9

pskKi q21 >.>8 kebe` q81 >.>8= ke, `mtmrakem tomigllgwked:

b) Pom `ksplbcmamet bt tom pgket ^ h) Pom strbke be` strmss

c) Pom mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx be` `) Pom strbke memrdy ke tom mlmamet.

B ikektm mlmamet sglutkge usked gem `kameskgebl, twg eg`m` mlmamets obs hmme

ghtbkem` igr b rg` bs sogwe hmlgw.

@ksplbcmamet brm bs igllgwsP

aaR >.2Q->,>.9,V->.8, , M 1 2E/aa

8, brmb gi mbco

mlmamet 1 2 aa8, L2-81 => aa, L8-31 ?> aa, L3-01 2>> aa.

k) Bccgr`ked tg tom ikektm mlmamet tomgry, plgt tom `ksplbcmamet u(x) vmrsusx.

kk) Bccgr`ked tg tom ikektm mlmamet tomgry, plgt tom strbke (x) vmrsusx.

kkk) @mtmrakem tomHabtrkx igr mlmamet 8-3.

kv) @mtmrakem tom strbke memrdy ke tom mlmamet 2-8 usked .8

2fqq] P

8.4?) Cgesk`mr tom hbr, lgb`m` bs sogwe hmlgw. @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmametsmlmamet strmssms be` suppgrt rmbctkges. Sglvm toks prghlma hy b`gptked mlkakebtkge

amtog` igr obe`lked hgue`bry cge`ktkges. (vblum gi M 1 8>> x 2>;E/a8).


24/85



8.4;) Ke tom ikdurm sogwe hmlgw lgb` ^ 1 9>fE ks bpplkm`. @mtmrakem tom `ksplbcmametikml`, strmss be` suppgrt rmbctkges ke tom hg`y. Pbfm M 1 8> fE/aa8

VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

8.?>) Cgesk`mr tom hbr bs sogwe hmlgw. @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets, mlmametstrmssms be` suppgrt rmbctkges. (M 1 8>> x 2>;E/a8)

8.?2) Be bxkbl lgb` ^ 1 3?= FE ks bpplkm` tg tom cgapgsktm hlgcf bs sogwe hmlgw.@mtmrakem tom strmss ke mbco abtmrkbl.


25/85



8.?8) Igr b vmrtkcbl rg` bs sogwe hmlgw, ike` tom `milmctkge bt B be` tom strmss`kstrkhutkge. M 1 2>>A^b be` wmkdot pmr uekt vgluam 1 >.>9E/ca3. Cgaamet ge

tom strmss kstrkhutkge.

8.?3) Cgesk`mr b twg-hbr suppgrtm` hy b sprked sogwe ke ikdurm. Hgto hbrs obvm M1 82>D^bbe` B1=.> x2>-0a8. Hbr gem obs b lmedto gi =a be` hbr twg obs b lmedto gi 2>

a. Pom sprked stkiiemss ks f1 8 fE/a. @mtmrakem tom ogrkzgetbl be` vmrtkcbl

`ksplbcmamets bt tom jgket 2 be` strmssms ke mbco hbr. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q


26/85



8.?0) Ike` tom `milmctkge bt tom irmm me` ue`mr kts gwe wmkdot, usked `kvkskges gib) 2 mlmamet h) 8 mlmamets c) 0 mlmamets `) ? mlmamets be` m) 29 mlmamets

Pome plgt tom euahmr gi mlmamets vmrsus `milmctkge.

8.?=) Igr tom `kscrmtkzbtkge gi hmba mlmamets bs sogwe hmlgw, euahmr tom eg`ms sg bs tgakekakzm tom hbe`wk`to gi tom bssmahlm` stkiiemss abtrkx (F)


27/85



8.?9) Pom mlmamets gi b rgw gr cgluae gi tom stkiiemss abtrkx gi b hbr mlmamet sua up tgzmrg, hut egt sg igr b hmba mlmamet. Mxplbke woy toks ks sg.

8.?4) Igr tom hmba prghlma sogwe hmlgw, `mtmrakem tom tkp `milmctkge be` tom slgpm bttom rgllmr suppgrt.

8.??) Igr tom hmba be` lgb`ked bs sogwe ke ikdurm. @mtmrakem tom slgpms bt tom twg me`sgi tom `kstrkhutm` lgb` be` tom vmrtkcbl `milmctkge bt tom ak`-pgket gi tom `kstrkhutm`

lgb`. Pbfm M 1 8>>D^b be` K 1 0*2>9aa0 VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

8.?;)

Ike` tom `milmctkge be` slgpm igr tom igllgwked hmba smctkge bt wokco pgket lgb` ksbpplkm`.


28/85



8.;>) Sglvm tom igllgwked hmba bs sogwe hmlgw, clbapm` bt gem me` be` sprked suppgrtbt gtomr me`. B lkembrly vbryked trbesvmrsm lgb` gi abxkaua abdektu`m gi 2>>

E/cabpplkm` gvmr tom spbe gi 0 ca tg 2> ca.Pbfm MK 1 8 x 2>4E/ca8,8

2>

MK

F.

8.;2) Ghtbke tom `milmctkge bt tom ak`pgket gi tom hmba sogwe hmlgw be` `mtmrakem tomrmbctkge.


29/85



8.;8) Pom skaply suppgrtm` hmba sogwe ke ikdurm ks suhjmctm` tg b uekigra trbesvmrsmlgb`, bs sogwe. ]sked twg mqubl-lmedto mlmamets be` wgrf-mqukvblmet eg`bl lgb`s

ghtbke b ikektm mlmamet sglutkge igr tom `milmctkge bt ak`-spbe be` cgapbrm kt tg tom

sglutkge dkvme hy mlmametbry hmba tomgry. VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>2>Q

8.;3) @mtmrakem tom `ksplbcmamets be` slgpms bt tom eg`ms igr tom hmba sogwe ke ikdurm.Pbfm f18>>fE / a, M14>D^b be` K18x2>-0a0. VB], Egv / @mc

8>28Q

8.;0) @mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets be` slgpms igr tom hmba sogwe ke Ikdurm. Ike`tom agamet bt tom ak`pgket gi mlmamet 2. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q


30/85



8.;=) @mtmrakem tom `ksplbcmamet gi eg`m 2 be` tom strmss ke mlmamet 3, igr tom tormm-hbrtruss bs sogwe hmlgw. Pbfm B 1 8=> aa8, M 1 8>> D^b igr bll mlmamets.

8.;9) @mtmrakem tom igrcm ke tom amahmrs gi tom truss bs sogwe ke ikdurm.Pbfm M 1 8>> D^b VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

8.;4)

@mtmrakem tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets be` tom mlmamet strmssms igr tom twg `kameskgebllgb`m` plbtm bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Bssuam plbem strmss cge`ktkge. Hg`y igrcm aby hm

emdlmctm` ke cgapbrksge tg tom mxtmrebl igrcms. Pbfm M 1 82>D^b, 1 >.8=,

Pokcfemss t 1 2>aa. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q


31/85



8.;?) Pom lgb`ked be` gtomr pbrbamtmrs igr b twg hbr truss mlmamet ks sogwe ke ikdurm@mtmrakem VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

(k) Pom mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx igr mbco mlmamet(kk) Dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx(kkk) Eg`bl `ksplbcmamets(kv) Xmbctkge igrcms(v) Pom strmssms ke`ucm` ke tom mlmamets. Bssuam M 1 8>> D^b.


32/85



8.;;) Cblculbtm eg`bl `ksplbcmamet be` mlmametbl strmssms igr tom truss sogwe ke Ikdurm.M1 4>Dpb.crgss-smctkgebl brmb B 1 8ca8igr bll truss amahmrs.


8.2>>) Ike` tom ogrkzgetbl be` vmrtkcbl `ksplbcmamets gi eg`m 2 igr tom truss sogwe hmlgw.Pbfm B 1 3>> aa8, M 1 8 x2>=E/aa8igr mbco mlmamet.

8.2>2) Mbco gi tom ikvm hbrs gi tom pke jgketm` truss sogwe ke ikdurm hmlgw obs b crgsssmctkgebl brmb 8>sq. ca.be` M 1 8>> D^b.


33/85



(k) Igra tom mqubtkge I 1 F] womrm F ks tom bssmahlm` stkiiemss abtrkx gi tom

structurm.

(kk)

Ike` tom igrcms ke bll tom ikvm amahmrs. VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>>?Q

8.2>8) Beblyzm tom truss sogwe ke ikdurm be` mvblubtm tom strmss rmsultbets ke amahmr (8).Bssuam brmb gi crgss smctkge gi bll tom amahmrs ke sbam. M 1 8 * 2>=E/aa8

VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q


34/85



8.2>3) @mtmrakem tom jgket `ksplbcmamets, tom jgket rmbctkges, mlmamet igrcms be` mlmametstrmssms gi tom dkvme truss mlmamets. VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>2>Q

Mlmamets B

ca8

M

E/a8

L

a

Dlghbl

Eg`m

cgeemctkge

@mdrmm

2 38.8 9.;m 2> 8.=0 8 tg 3 ;>

8 3?.4 8>.4m2> 8.=0 8 tg 2 >

3 8=.? 8>.4m2> 3.=; 2 tg 3 23=

8.2>0) @mtmrakem tom igrcm ke tom amahmrs gi tom truss sogwe ke ikdurm.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q


35/85



8.2>=) Ike` tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamet `mvmlgpm` ke tom plbemr truss sogwe ke Ikdurm wome bvmrtkcblly `gwewbr` lgb` gi 2>>> E ks bpplkm` bt eg`m 0. Pom rmqukrm` `btb brm

dkvme ke tom Pbhlm. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

Mlmamet Eg.

m

CrgssSmctkgebl brmb B

ca

8

Lmedto l (m) ca[gueds Ag`ulus

M

(m)

E/aa

8

2 8 8 => 8 * 2>9

8 8 8 => 8 * 2>9

3 2 8.= 2>> 8 * 2>9

0 2 8 2>> 8 * 2>9

8.2>9) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge igr b 8 eg`m` hmba mlmamet be` b 3 eg`m` hbr mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

8.2>4) Toy ks okdomr gr`mr mlmamets emm`m`7 @mtmrakem tom sobpm iuectkges gi be mkdoteg`m` rmctbedulbr mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

8.2>?) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkges igr b 8@ hmba mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>?, 8>>;Q


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8.2>;) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkges igr b 8@ truss mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>?, 8>>;Q

8.22>) @mrkvm tom ketmrpglbtkge iuectkge igr tom gem `kameskgebl lkembr mlmamet wkto blmedto Lbe` twg eg`ms, gem bt mbco me`, `mskdebtm` bs kbe` j. Bssuam tom

grkdke gi tom cggr`kebtm systma ks tg tom lmit gi eg`m k.VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>2>Q

Ikdurm sogws tom gem-`kameskgebl lkembr mlmamet


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]EKP KKK PTG @KAMESKGEBL IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS

^BXP B

3.2) Ebam imw 8-@ mlmamets blged wkto b embt sfmtco.3.8) Stbtm tom `kiimrmecms hmtwmme 8@ mlmamet be` 2@ mlmamet.3.3) @mikem Lbdrbedms ketmrpglbtkge.3.0) Tobt ks dmgamtrkc Ksgtrgpy7 VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q3.=) Trktm tom Lbdrbedmbe sobpm iuectkges igr b 2@, 8 eg`m` mlmamets.

VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.9) Ghtbke tom sobpm iuectkge igr b 2@ qub`rbtkc Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet.3.4) Trktm tom rmlbtkge tg ghtbke tom skzm gi tom stkiiemss abtrkx igr b lkembr qub`rklbtmrbl

mlmamet obvked ]xbe` ]ybs `gi.

3.?) Toy ks tom 3 eg`m` trkbedulbr mlmamet cbllm` bs b CSP mlmamet7VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

3.;) Trktm `gwe tom ketmrpglbtkge iuectkge gi b ikml` vbrkbhlm igr tormm-eg`m trkbedulbrmlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

3.2>) Tobt ks b CSP mlmamet7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.22) @rbw tom sobpm iuectkges gi b CSP mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.28) Mxplbke tom kapgrtbet prgpmrtkms gi CSP mlmamets. VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q3.23) Trktm b egtm ge CSP mlmamet. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q3.20) Trktm hrkmily bhgut LSP be` RSP mlmamets.3.2=) Tobt brm CSP be` LSP mlmamets7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q3.29) @mikem LSP mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.24) Trktm tom ksplbcmamet iuectkge mqubtkge igr CSP mlmamet.3.2?) Trktm tom strbke ksplbcmamet abtrkx igr CSP mlmamet.3.2;) @kiimrmetkbtm CSP be` LSP mlmamets. VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q


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3.8>) Mvblubtm tom igllgwked brmb ketmdrbls igr tom tormm eg`m trkbedulbr mlmamet VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q3.82) B trkbedulbr mlmamet ks sogwe ke Ikdurm be` tom eg`bl cggr`kebtms brm mxprmssm` ke

aa. Cgaputm tom strbke ksplbcmamet abtrkx. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.88) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy tom tmras : c>,c2be` cecgetkeukty7VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

3.83) @kstkedukso hmtwmme C>, C2be` C8cgetkeukty mlmamets.3.80) Tobt brm tom `kiimrmet prghlmas dgvmrem` hy 8@ scblbr ikml` vbrkbhlms73.8=) ]sm vbrkgus euahmr gi trkbedulbr mlmamets tg amso tom dkvme `gabke ke tom gr`mr gi

kecrmbsked sglutkge rmikemamet.

3.89) @mikem bscbl trkbedlm.


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3.84) Trktm tom skdekikcbecm gi ^bscbl trkbedlm ke mvmlgpked trkbedulbr mlmamets.3.8?) @kstkedukso gem irga tom gtomr gi tom igllgwked

b)Lkembr be` qub`rbtkc trkbedulbr mlmamets. h) Lkembr be` qub`rbtkc Lbdrbedm

mlmamets.

3.8;) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy brmb cg-gr`kebtm amtog`73.3>) Stbtm tom b`vbetbdm gi smrme`kpkty mlmamet.3.32) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy wrbppked73.38) Trktm tom eg`m euahmrked be` mlmamet cgeemctkvkty tbhlm igr tom dkvme `gabke

usked suktbhlm `kscrmtkzbtkge.

3.33) ^lgt tom vbrkbtkge gi sobpm iuectkge wkto rmspmct eg`m gi b 3 eg`m` trkbedulbrmlmamet.

3.30) Trktm `gwe tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamet mqubtkges igr b twg `kameskgebl trkbedulbrmlbstkckty mlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

3.3=) @mikem b plbem strmss cge`ktkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q3.39) Stbtm tom cge`ktkge igr plbem strmss prghlma.3.34) Dkvm gem mxbaplm mbco igr plbem strmss be` plbem strbke prghlmas.

VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.3?) @kstkedukso hmtwmme plbem strmss be` plbem strbke prghlmas.VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q3.3;) @kstkedukso plbem strmss be` plbem strbke cge`ktkges. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.0>) @mikem plbem strbke wkto suktbhlm mxbaplm. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.02) @mikem plbem strbke beblysks. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q3.08) @mikem b plbem strmss prghlma wkto b suktbhlm mxbaplm. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q3.03) Mxplbke plbem strmss prghlma wkto be mxbaplm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.00) Mxplbke plbem strmss cge`ktkges wkto mxbaplm. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q


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3.0=) Trktm gwe tom strbke ksplbcmamet rmlbtkge. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.09) Stbtm womtomr plbem strmss gr plbem strbke mlmamets cbe hm usm` tg ag`ml tom

igllgwked structurms. Justkiy ygur beswmr. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

(b)B wbll suhjmctm` tg wke` lgb`

(h)B wrmeco suhjmctm` tg b igrcm ke tom plbem gi tom wrmeco.

3.04) Trktm tom bssuaptkges usm` tg `mikem tom dkvme prghlma bs plbem strmss prghlma.3.0?) Trktm tom bssuaptkges usm` tg `mikem tom dkvme prghlma bs plbem strbke prghlma.3.0;) ]sked dmemrbl strmss - strbke rmlbtkge, ghtbke plbem strmss mqubtkge.3.=>) Hmdkeeked wkto dmemrbl mlbstkc strmss-strbke rmlbtkge, `mrkvm tom plbem strbke

cge`ktkge.

3.=2) Tobt brm tom `kiimrmecms hmtwmme 8 @kameskgebl scblbr vbrkbhlm be` vmctgr vbrkbhlmmlmamets7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

3.=8) Tobt brm tom wbys hy wokco b tormm `kameskgebl prghlma cbe hm rm`ucm` tg b twg`kameskgebl prghlma7

3.=3) Ogw tg rm`ucm b 3@ prghlma ketg b 8@ prghlma7 VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.=0)

Dkvm tom stkiiemss abtrkx mqubtkge igr be bxksyaamtrkc trkbedulbr mlmamet.

3.==) Tobt ks bxksyaamtrkc mlmamet73.=9) Dkvm mxbaplms gi bxksyaamtrkc prghlmas. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q3.=4) Tobt ks be bxksyaamtrkc prghlma7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.=?) Trktm sogrt egtms ge bxksyaamtrkc prghlmas.


3.=;) Tobt ks ambet hy bxk-syamtrkc ikml` prghlma7 Dkvme be mxbaplm.VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

3.9>) Stbtm tom sktubtkges womrm tom bxksyaamtrkc igraulbtkge cbe hm bpplkm`.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q


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3.92) Dkvm igur bpplkcbtkges womrm bxksyaamtrkc mlmamets cbe hm usm`.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.98) Stbtm tom bpplkcbtkges gi bxksyaamtrkc mlmamets. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.93) Trktm gwe tom cgestktutkvm rmlbtkgesokp igr bxksyaamtrkc prghlma.

VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>>;Q

3.90) Trktm gwe tom cgestktutkvm rmlbtkgesokp igr tom plbem strmss prghlma.VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

3.9=) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy cgestktutkvm lbw be` dkvm tom cgestktutkvm lbw igr bxk-syaamtrkc prghlmas7 VB], Bprkl / Aby, Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.99) Dkvm gem mxbaplm mbco igr plbem strmss be` plbem strbke prghlmas.VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>>?Q

3.94) Mxplbke plbem strbke prghlma wkto be mxbaplm. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q3.9?) Dkvm b hrkmi egtm ge stbtkc cge`mesbtkge.3.9;) ^rgvm tobt 8> igr plbem strbke cge`ktkge.3.4>) @kiimrmetkbtm bxksyaamtrkc be` cyclkcsyaamtrkc structurms.3.42)

@kiimrmetkbtm bxk-syaamtrkc lgb` be` bsyaamtrkc lgb` wkto mxbaplms.

3.48) Stbtm tom cge`ktkge igr bxk-syaamtrkc prghlma.3.43) Lkst tom rmqukrm` cge`ktkges igr b prghlma bssuam` tg hm bxksyaamtrkc.

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

3.40) Tobt brm tom igur hbskc smts gi mlbstkckty mqubtkges7 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q3.4=) Dkvm mxbaplms igr tom igllgwked cbsms.

b) plbem strmss prghlma h) plbem strbke prghlma c) bxk-syaamtrkc prghlma

3.49) @mikem tom igllgwked tmras wkto suktbhlm mxbaplms VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Qk) ^lbem strmss, plbem strbke kk) Eg`m, mlmamet be` sobpm iuectkges

kkk) Bxksyaamtrkc beblysks kv) Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet

3.44) @mikem tom tmra kektkbl strbke.


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3.4?) Stbtm tom miimct gi ^gkssges rbtkg ke plbem strbke prghlma.3.4;) Ogw wkll tom strmss ikml` vbry lkembrly73.?>) Cgapbrm tom cobedms ke tom @abtrkx mvglvm` gut gi plbem strbke, plbem strmss be`

bxk-syaamtrkc prghlma.

3.?2) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy Ksgpbrbamtrkc igraulbtkges7VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

3.?8) Mxprmss tom sobpm iuectkges gi igur eg`m qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet.VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.?3) Tobt `g ygu ue`mrstbe` hy b ebturbl cggr`kebtm systma7VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.?0) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy ebturbl cg-gr`kebtm systma7 VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q3.?=) Tobt brm tom b`vbetbdms gi ebturbl cg-gr`kebtms7


3.?9) Tobt brm tom b`vbetbdms gi ebturbl cggr`kebtms gvmr dlghbl cg-gr`kebtms7VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.?4) Dkvm b hrkmi egtm ge ebturbl cg-gr`kebtm systma.3.??) Trktm tom ebturbl cg-gr`kebtms igr tom pgket ^ gi tom trkbedulbr mlmamet. Pom pgket

^ ks tom C.D. gi tom trkbedlm. VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.?;) Sogw tom trbesigrabtkge igr abppked x-cggr`kebtm systma getg b ebturbl cggr`kebtmsystma igr b lkembr spbr mlmamet be` igr b qub`rbtkc spbr mlmamet.

VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.;>)

@mikem b lgcbl cggr`kebtm systma. VB], Egv / @mc

8>22Q

3.;2) Tobt ks brmb cggr`kebtms7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q3.;8) Tobt `g ygu ue`mrstbe` hy brmb cggr`kebtms7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.;3) Stbtm tom hbskc lbws ge wokco Ksgpbrbamtrkc cgecmpt ks `mvmlgpm`.

VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

3.;0) @kiimrmetkbtm: lgcbl bxks be` dlghbl bxks. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q


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3.;=) @mikem supmr pbrbamtrkc mlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q3.;9) Mxplbke supmr pbrbamtrkc mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.;4) @mikem Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamets7 VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q3.;?) @mikem Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamets wkto suktbhlm mxbaplms VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q3.;;) @mikem Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet igraulbtkges. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.2>>) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy Ksgpbrbamtrkc igraulbtkge7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.2>2) Tobt ks tom purpgsm gi Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamets73.2>8) Tobt brm tom bpplkcbtkges gi Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamets7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.2>3) @kiimrmetkbtmxy spbcm be` -spbcm.3.2>0) Trktm tom b`vbetbdms gi cg-gr`kebtm trbesigrabtkge irga Cbrtmskbe cg-gr`kebtms tg

ebturbl cg-gr`kebtms.

3.2>=) Tobt ks b Jbcghkbe7 VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.2>9) Tobt ks tom emm` gi Jbcghkbe7 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.2>4) Trktm `gwe tom Jbcghkbe abtrkx. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q3.2>?) Trktm bhgut Jbcghkbe trbesigrabtkge usm` ke cg-gr`kebtm trbesigrabtkge.3.2>;) Tobt ks tom skdekikcbecm gi Jbcghkbe gi trbesigrabtkge7 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q3.22>) @kiimrmetkbtm hmtwmme suh-pbrbamtrkc, ksgpbrbamtrkc be` supmr pbrbamtrkc

mlmamets.

3.222) Xmprmsmet tom vbrkbtkge gi sobpm iuectkge wkto rmspmct tg eg`ms igr qub`rbtkcmlmamets ke tmras gi ebturbl cg-gr`kebtms.

3.228) Cgapbrm lkembr ag`ml, qub`rbtkc ag`ml be` cuhkc ag`ml ke tmras gi ebturbl cg-gr`kebtm systma.

3.223) Trktm b hrkmi egtm ge cgetkeukty be` cgapbtkhklkty.3.220) Trktm `gwe tom mlmamet igrcm vmctgr mqubtkge igr b igur eg`m` qub`rklbtmrbl

mlmamet.

3.22=) Trktm `gwe tom Jbcghkbe abtrkx igr b igur eg`m` qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet


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3.229) Trktm tom sobpm iuectkge igr tom qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet ke , spbcm.3.224) Toy ks igur eg`m` qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet ks prmimrrm` igr bxk-syaamtrkc prghlma

tobe tormm eg`m` trkbedulbr mlmamet7

3.22?) Sfmtco b igur eg`m qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet blged wkto eg`bl `mdrmms gi irmm`ga.VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>22Q

3.22;) Trktm gwe tom stkiiemss abtrkx igr igur eg`m` qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamets.VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

3.28>) @kstkedukso hmtwmme mssmetkbl hgue`bry cge`ktkges be` ebturbl hgue`brycge`ktkges. VB], Egv / @mc 8>>;Q

3.282) Trktm tom b`vbetbdms gi okdomr gr`mr mlmamets ke ebturbl cggr`kebtm systma.3.288) Tobt brm tom typms gi ege-lkembrkty7

VB], Egv / @mc 8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;, Aby / Juem 8>28Q

3.283) Stbtm tom b`vbetbdm gi Dbusskbe ketmdrbtkge.3.280) Stbtm tom igur-pgket Dbusskbe qub`rbturm rulm.3.28=) Hrkmily mxplbke Dbusskbe qub`rbturm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.289)

Tobt brm tom b`vbetbdms gi Dbusskbe qub`rbturm7 VB], Egv / @mc

8>28Q

3.284) Tobt brm tom wmkdots be` sbaplked pgkets gi twg pgket igraulb gi Dbussqub`rbturm igraulb7 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.28?) Toy euamrkcbl ketmdrbtkge ks rmqukrm` igr mvblubtkge gi stkiiemss abtrkx gi beKsgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.28;) Trktm tom Dbuss pgkets be` wmkdots igr twg pgket igraulb gi euamrkcbl ketmdrbtkge.VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>22Q

3.23>) Trktm gwe tom Dbuss ketmdrbtkge igraulb igr trkbedulbr gabkes.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q

3.232) Mvblubtm tom ketmdrbl ( ) usked Dbusskbe qub`rbturm amtog`VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q


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3.238) Ebam tom cgaagely usm` ketmdrbtkge amtog` ke ebturblcg-gr`kebtm systma.3.233) Trktm tom rmlbtkge hmtwmme wmkdots be` Dbuss pgkets ke Dbuss-Lmdme`rm qub`rbturm.

^BXP H

3.230) @mtmrakem tom sobpm iuectkges igr b cgestbet strbke trkbedulbr (CSP) mlmamet ketmras gi ebturbl cggr`kebtm systma. VB], Egv / @mc

8>>?Q

3.23=) Tobt brm sobpm iuectkges7 @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge igr tom tormm eg`m` trkbedulbrmlmamets. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.239) @mrkvm tom mlmamet strbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx be` mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx gi bCSP mlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.234) Mxplbke tom tmras plbem strmss be` plbem strbke prghlmas. Dkvm tom cgestktutkvmlbws igr tomsm cbsms. VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

3.23?) @mrkvm tom mqubtkges gi mquklkhrkua ke tom cbsm gi b tormm `kameskgebl systma.VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, 8>>?, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

3.23;) @mrkvm tom mxprmsskge igr cgestktutkvm strmss-strbke rmlbtkgesokp be` blsg rm`ucm kt tgtom prghlma gi plbem strmss be` plbem strbke. VB], Egv / @mc - 8>>?Q

3.20>)

@mrkvm tom cgestbet-strbke trkbedulbr mlmamets stkiiemss abtrkx be` mqubtkges.VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>>?Q

3.202) @mrkvm tom lkembrstrbke trkbedulbr mlmamets stkiiemss abtrkx be` mqubtkges.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

3.208) @mrkvm tom stkiiemss abtrkx be` mqubtkges igr b LSP mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.203) @mrkvm tom mlmamet strbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx be` mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx gi btrkbedulbr mlmamet. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.200) B twg eg`m` lkem mlmamet wkto gem trbeslbtkgebl `mdrmm gi irmm`ga ks suhjmctm` tg buekigraly vbryked lgb` gi ketmeskty ^2 bt eg`m 2 be` ^8 bt eg`m 8. Mvblubtm tom

eg`bl lgb` vmctgr usked euamrkcbl ketmdrbtkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q


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3.20=) Cblculbtm tom mlmamet strmssms 82 be,,, xyyx be` tom prkeckplm bedlm p igrtom mlmamet sogwe hmlgw.

3.209) Pom eg`bl cg-gr`kebtms gi tom trkbedulbr mlmamet ks bs sogwe hmlgw. Bt tom ketmrkgrpgket ^, tomx- cg-gr`kebtm ks 3.3 be` E21 >.3. @mtmrakem E8, E3be` tom y cg-gr`kebtm bt pgket ^.

3.204) Pom (x,y) cg-gr`kebtms gi eg`ms k,jbe` fgi b trkbedulbr mlmamet brm dkvme hy (>,>)(3,>) be` (2.=,0) aarmspmctkvmly. Mvblubtm tom sobpm iuectkges E2,E8be`E3bt be

ketmrkgr pgket ^(8, 8.=) aaigr tom mlmamet. Igr tom sbam trkbedulbr mlmamet, ghtbke

tom strbke-`ksplbcmamet rmlbtkge abtrkx H. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

3.20?) Igr tom trkbedulbr mlmamet sogwe hmlgw, ghtbke tom strbke `ksplbcmamet rmlbtkgeabtrkx H be` `mtmrakem tom strbkes x,ybe` xy.


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3.20;) Cgesk`mr tom trkbedulbr mlmamet sogw ke Ikdurm. Pom mlmamet ks mxtrbctm` irga btoke plbtm gi tokcfemss >.= ca. Pom abtmrkbl ks ogt rgllm` lgw cbrhge stmml. Pom

Eg`bl cg-gr`kebtms brmxk1>,yk1 >, xj1>,yj1 -2, xf1>,yf1 -2 ca,. @mtmrakem tom

mlmametbl stkiiemss abtrkx. Bssuaked plbem strmss beblysks. Pbfm 1 >.3 be` M 18.2*2>4E/ca8 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.2=>) @mrkvm tom ketmrpglbtkge iuectkge 20igr tom qub`rbtkc trkbedulbr mlmamet bs sogwehmlgw.


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3.2=2) @mrkvm tom ketmrpglbtkge iuectkge gi b cgremr eg`m ke b cuhkc smrme`kpkty mlmamet.3.2=8) Ike` tom mxprmsskge igr eg`bl vmctgr ke b CSP mlmamet sogwe ke ikdurm suhjmctm` tg

prmssurms^x2ge sk`m 2. VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.2=3) Igr tom CSP mlmamet dkvme hmlgw, bssmahlm stbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx. Pbfm t 1 8>aa be` M 1 8*2>=E/aa8 VB], Egv / @mc - 8>>?Q

3.2=0) Cblculbtm tom vblum gi prmssurm bt tom pgket B wokco ks kesk`m tom 3 eg`m` trkbedulbrmlmamets bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Pom eg`bl vblums brm 21 0> A^b, 81 30 A^b be` 3

1 09 A^b, ^gket B ks lgcbtm` bt (8, 2.=) Bssuam prmssurm ks lkembrly vbryked ke tom


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mlmamet. Blsg `mtmrakem tom lgcbtkge gi 08 A^b cgetgur lkem.


3.2==) Ghtbke tom dlghbl stkiiemss abtrkx igr tom plbtm sogwe ke ikdurm. Pbfked twgtrkbedulbr mlmamets. Bssuam plbem strmss cge`ktkge. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.2=9) Igr tom cgestbet strbke trkbedulbr mlmamet sogwe ke ikdurm hmlgw, bssmahlm tomstrbke ksplbcmamet abtrkx. Pbfm t 1 8> aabe`M 1 8 x 2>=E/aa8.



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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) =>

3.2=4) Igr tom plbem strbke mlmamet sogwe ke tom ikdurm, tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets brm dkvmebs : u21 >.>>= aa, u81 >.>>8 aa, u31>.>aa, u01 >.> aa, u=1 >.>>0 aa, u9

1 >.> aa. @mtmrakem tom mlmamet strmssms. PbfmM1 8>> Dpbbe` 1 >.3. ]sm uekt

tokcfemss igr plbem strbke. VB], Bprkl / Aby - 8>2>Q

3.2=?) Igr tom twg-`kameskgebl lgb`m` plbtm bs sogwe ke Ikdurm. @mtmrakem tom eg`bl`ksplbcmamets be` mlmamet strmss usked plbem strbke cge`ktkge cgesk`mrked hg`y

igrcm. Pbfm [gueds ag`ulus bs 8>> D^b, ^gkssges rbtkge bs >.3 be` `meskty bs4?>> fd/a3. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) =2

3.2=;) @mrkvm mlmamet igrcm vmctgr wome lkembrly vbryked prmssurm bcts ge tom sk`m jgkekedeg`ms jf gi b trkbedulbr mlmamet sogwe ke Ikdurm be` hg`y igrcm gi 8=E/aa

8

bcts

`gwewbr`s. Pokcfemss 1 =aa. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.29>)

Igr tom plbem strmss mlmamet wogsm cggr`kebtms brm dkvme hy (2>>,2>>), (0>>, 2>>)be` (8>>, 0>>>, tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets brm u21 8.>aa, v21l.>aa, u81l.>aa, v8

12.=aa, u3 1 8.=aa, v3 1 >.=aa. @mtmrakem tom mlmamet strmssms. Bssuam M 1

8>> DE/a8, 1 >.3 be` t 1 2> aa. Bll cggr`kebtms brm ke aa.



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3.292) B toke plbtm b suhjmctm` tg suribcm irbctkge bs sogwe ke Ikdurm. Cblculbtm tom dlghblstkiiemss abtrkx. Pbhlm t 1 8= aa, M1 8 *2>=E/aa8be` 1 >.3>. Bssuam plbem

strmss cge`ktkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.298) @mtmrakem tom `milmctkge gi b toke plbtm suhjmctm` tg mxtmeskgebl lgb` bs sogwe.

3.293) Cblculbtm eg`bl `ksplbcmamet be` mlmametbl strmssms igr tom truss sogwe ke Ikdurm.M 1 4> D^b crgss-smctkgebl brmb B 1 8 ca8igr bll truss amahmrs.

VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q


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3.290) B toke mlbstkc plbtm suhjmctm` tg uekigraly `kstrkhutm` m`dm lgb` bs sogwe hmlgw.Ike` tom stkiiemss be` igrcm abtrkx gi tom mlmamet.

3.29=) Igr tom cgeikdurbtkge bs sogwe ke ikdurm `mtmrakem tom `milmctkge bt tom pgket lgb`bpplkcbtkges. ]sm gem ag`ml amtog`. Bssuam plbem strmss cge`ktkge.



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3.299) @mrkvm tom mxprmsskge igr tom mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx igr be bxksyaamtrkc somllmlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>>4, Bprkl / Aby 8>>;Q

3.294) @mscrkhm tom stmp hy stmp prgcm`urm gi sglvked bxksyaamtrkc prghlma hy ikektmmlmamet igraulbtkge. VB], Aby / Juem

8>28Q

3.29?) @mrkvm be mxprmsskge igr tom stkiiemss abtrkx gi be bxksyaamtrkc mlmamet.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.29;) Igr be bxksyaamtrkc trkbedulbr mlmamet. Ghtbke tom VHQ abtrkx be` cgestktutkvmabtrkx VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

3.24>) @mrkvm tom strmss-strbke rmlbtkgesokp abtrkx (@) igr tom bxksyaamtrkc trkbedulbrmlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.242) Mxplbke tom ag`mlked gi cylke`mrs suhjmctm` tg ketmrebl be` mxtmrebl prmssurm uskedbxksyaamtrkc. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.248) Igr b tokcf cylke`mr suhjmctm` tg ketmrebl be` mxtmrebl prmssurm, ke`kcbtm tom stmps giike`ked tom rb`kbl strmss. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

3.243) @mrkvm tom abtmrkbl prgpmrty abtrkx igr bxksyaamtrkc mlbstkckty.VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.240) Pom (x, y) cggr`kebtms gi eg`ms k, j be`fgi be bxksyaamtrkc trkbedulbr mlmametbrm dkvme hy (3, 0), (9, =), be` (=, ?) ca rmspmctkvmly. Pom mlmamet `ksplbcmamet (ke

ca) vmctgr ks dkvme bs q 1 V>.>>8, >.>>2, >.>>2, >.>>0, ->.>>3, >.>>4QP. @mtmrakem

tom mlmamet strbkes. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) ==

3.24=) B lged cylke`mr gi kesk`m `kbamtmr ?> aabe` gutsk`m `kbamtmr 28> aaseudly iktske b oglm gvmr kts iull lmedto. Pom cylke`mr ks tome suhjmctm` tg be ketmrebl prmssurm

gi 8A^b. ]sked twg mlmamets ge tom 2> aalmedto sogwe, ike` tom `ksplbcmamet

bt tom keemr rb`kus.

3.249) @mtmrakem tom stkiiemss abtrkx igr tom bxksyaamtrkc mlmamet sogwe ke ikd, Pbfm M bs8.2* 2>9E/aa8be` ^gkssge's rbtkg bs >.3. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.244) @mtmrakem tom mlmamet strmssms igr tom bxksyaamtrkc mlmamet bs sogwe hmlgw. PbfmM 1 8.2 x 2>

=

E/aa8

be` 1 >.8=.


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]sm tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets bs

u21 >.>= aa w21 >.>3 aa

u81 >.>8 aa w81 >.>8 aa

u31 > aa w31 > aa

3.24?) Cgaputm tom strbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx igr tom igllgwked bxksyaamtrkc mlmametBlsg cblculbtm tom mlmamet strmss vmctgrs. Ki

VqQ 1 V 3.0?0 > 3.382 > > >QP* 2>-3ca

V@Q 1 VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q3.24;) Be gpme me`m` stmml cylke`mr obs b lmedto gi 8>>aa be` tom keemr be` gutmr

`kbamtmrs bs 9?aa be` 2>>aa rmspmctkvmly. Pom cylke`mr ks suhjmctm` tg be

ketmrebl prmssurm gi 8A^b. @mtmrakem tom `migram` sobpm be` `kstrkhutkge gi

prkeckplm strmssms. Pbfm M 1 8>>D^b be` ^gkssges rbtkg 1 >.3



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3.2?>) Igr tom Ksgpbrbamtrkc qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet bs sogwe hmlgw, tom Cbrtmskbe cg-gr`kebtms gi tom pgket ^ brm (9,0). Pom lgb`s 2>FEbe` 28FEbrm bctked ke _ be`

[ `krmctkges ge tobt pgket ^. Mvblubtm tom eg`bl mqukvblmet igrcms.

3.2?2) @mrkvm tom Ksgpbrbamtrkc rmprmsmetbtkge igr b trkbedulbr mlmamet.VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q

3.2?8) @mrkvm mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx igr b lkembr Ksgpbrbamtrkc qub`rklbtmrbl mlmametVB], Egv / @mc 8>>4, Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

3.2?3) @mrkvm stkiiemss abtrkx igr b lkembr Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.2?0) @kstkedukso hmtwmme suh pbrbamtrkc be` supmr pbrbamtrkc mlmamets.

VB], Egv / @mc

8>>;, 8>2>Q

3.2?=) Mstbhlkso tom sobpm iuectkges gi be mkdot eg`m qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet be` rmprmsmettoma drbpokcblly. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.2?9) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge igr be mkdot eg`m` hrkcf mlmamet.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q

3.2?4) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkges gi b ekem eg`m qub`rklbtmrbl Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet.VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>22, Aby / Juem

8>28Q

3.2??) @mrkvm mlmamet stkiiemss abtrkx igr lkembr Ksgpbrbamtrkc qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;, Aby / Juem 8>22Q

3.2?;) @mscrkhm tom mlmamet strbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx gi b igur eg`m qub`rklbtmrblmlmamet. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) =?

3.2;>) @mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge igr be mkdoteg`m` qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet ke , spbcm.3.2;2) Cgesk`mr tom qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet bs sogwe hmlgw usked tom lkembr ketmrpglbtkge

iuectkges gi b rmctbedulbr mlmamet, trbesigra tom mlmamet tg tom lgcbl cg-gr`kebtm

systma be` sfmtco tom trbesigram` mlmamet.

3.2;8) B igur eg`m` rmctbedulbr mlmamet ks sogwe ke ikdurm. @mtmrakem tom igllgwked: (k)Jbcghkbe Abtrkx (kk) Strbke @ksplbcmamet Abtrkx (kkk) Mlmamet Strmss. Pbfm M 1

8>*2>=E/aa8, 1 >.=.

u 1 V > > >.>>3 >.>>0 >.>>9 >.>>0 > >QP 1 >, 1 >

Bssuam plbem strmss cge`ktkge. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.2;3) Ke b igur-eg`m` rmctbedulbr mlmamet, tom eg`bl `ksplbcmamets ke aa brm dkvme hyu21 > u81 >.284 u31 >.>93= u01 >

v21 > v81 >.>93= v31 ->.>93= v01 >


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IKEKPM MLMAMEP BEBL[SKS R]MSPKGE HBEF hy BSOGF F]ABX.X (B^ / Amco) =;

Igr h 1 => aa, o 1 8= aa, M 1 8*2>= E / aa8 be` ^gkssge's rbtkg 1 >.3

`mtmrakem tom mlmamet strbkes be` strmssms bt tom cmetrgk` gi tom mlmamet be` bt tom

cgremr eg`ms. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

3.2;0) Ike` tom Jbcghkbe abtrkx igr tom ekem-eg`m rmctbedulbr mlmamet bs sogwe hmlgw.Tobt ks tom `mtmrakebet gi tom Jbcghkbe abtrkx7

3.2;=) @mtmrakem tom Jbcghkbe igr tom (x, y)(, ) trbesigrabtkge igr tom mlmamet sogwehmlgw. Blsg ike` tom brmb gi trkbedlm usked `mtmrakebet amtog`.

3.2;9) Cgaputm tom mlmamet be` igrcm abtrkx igr tom igur eg`m` rmctbedulbr mlmamets bssogwe hmlgw.


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3.2;4) Pom Cbrtmskbe (dlghbl) cggr`kebtms gi tom cgremr eg`ms gi b qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet brmdkvme hy (>,-2), (-8, 3), (8, 0) be` (=, 3). Ike` tom cggr`kebtm trbesigrabtkge hmtwmme

tom dlghbl be` lgcbl (ebturbl) cggr`kebtms. ]sked toks, `mtmrakem tom Cbrtmskbe

cggr`kebtms gi tom pgket `mikem` hy (r,s) 1 (>.=, >.=) ke tom dlghbl cggr`kebtm systma

VB], Egv / @mc 8>>;Q

3.2;?) Cgesk`mr b rmctbedulbr mlmamet bs sogwe hmlgw. Bssuam plbem strmss cge`ktkgeP

qpskM Q>,>,>>38.>,>>9.>,>>3.>,>>8.>,>,>V,3.>,2>x3>9 kecoms Mvblubtm tom

Jbcghkbe trbesigrabtkge (J),Habtrkx, be` bt 1 > be` 1 >.

3.2;;) Pom Cbrtmskbe (dlghbl) cggr`kebtms gi tom cgremr eg`ms gi be Ksgpbrbamtrkcqub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet brm dkvme hy (2,>), (8,>), (8.=,2.=) be`(2.=,2). Ike` kts

Jbcghkbe abtrkx. VB], Egv / @mc 8>>;Q

3.8>>) B rmctbedulbr mlmamet obs kts eg`ms bt tom igllgwked pgkets ke Cbrtmskbe cggr`kebtmsystma (>, >), (=, >), (=, =), be` (>, =). Ghtbke tom mxprmsskges igr tom sobpm

iuectkges gi tom cgrrmspge`ked Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamet. ]sked toma ghtbke tom

mlmamets ki Jbcghkbe abtrkx gi trbesigrabtkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q


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3.8>2) Ki tom cggr`kebtms gi tom qub`rklbtmrbl brm (2, 8), (2>, 8), (?, 9) be` (8, 2>). Ghtbketom Jbcghkbe be` omecm, ike` tom brmb gi tom mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.8>8) @mtmrakem tom Jbcghkbe abtrkx igr tom igllgwked qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet bt x 1 0.3=aa be`y 1 3 aa. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.8>3) Cgesk`mr tom qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Mvblubtm be` bt(, ), (>, >) be` ( ) usked Ksgpbrbamtrkc igraulbtkge.

3.8>0) Mstbhlkso tom strbke `ksplbcmamet abtrkx igr tom lkembr qub`rklbtmrbl mlmamet bssogwe ke ikdurm hmlgw bt Dbuss pgket r1 >.=443= be`s1 -=443=.



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3.8>=) Trktm sogrt egtms ge VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q(k) ]ekqumemss gi abppked gi Ksgpbrbamtrkc mlmamets.

(kk) Jbcghkbe abtrkx.

(kkk)Dbusskbe Rub`rbturm ketmdrbtkge tmcoekqum.

3.8>9) @mrkvm tom Dbuss pgkets be` wmkdots ke cbsm gi gem pgket igraulb be` twg pgketigraulb gi Dbuss euamrkcbl ketmdrbtkge. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.8>4) @mrkvm tom wmkdots be` Dbuss pgkets gi twg pgket igraulb gi Dbuss qub`rbturmrulm. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

3.8>?) Ketmdrbtm

()

hmtwmme ? be`

28. ]sm Dbusskbe qub`rbturm rulm. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>?Q

3.8>;) Mvblubtm tom ketmdrbl 1 ( ) be` cgapbrm wkto mxbct rmsults.VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

3.82>) Euamrkcblly mvblubtm tom igllgwked ketmdrbl be` cgapbrm wkto mxbct gem.

(

)


3.822) ]sked ebturbl cggr`kebtms `mrkvm tom sobpm iuectkge igr b lkembr qub`rklbtmrblmlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q

3.828) ]sm Dbuss qub`rbturm rulm (e18) tg euamrkcblly ketmdrbtm VB], Egv / @mc8>>?Q


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3.823) ]sm Dbusskbe qub`rbturm rulm (e1 8) tg euamrkcblly ketmdrbtm VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q3.820) Mvblubtm

(

)

usked Dbuss qub`rbturm igraulb.

VB], Aby / Juem

8>28Q

3.82=) Mvblubtm tom ketmdrbl usked gem pgket be` twg pgketDbuss qub`rbturm igraulb. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.829) Mvblubtm tom ketmdrbl usked tormm pgket Dbuss qub`rbturm be`cgapbrm wkto mxbct sglutkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

3.824) Mvblubtm ( ) usked Dbuss euamrkcbl ketmdrbtkge VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

3.82?) ]sm Dbusskbe qub`rbturm tg ghtbke be mxbct vblum gi tom ketmdrbl.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

( )( )


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]EKP KY @[EBAKC BEBL[SKS ]SKED IKEKPM MLMAMEP AMPOG@

^BXP B

0.2) Tobt ks yebakc beblysks7 Dkvm mxbaplms VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q0.8) Tobt ks ambe hy `yebakc beblysks7 VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q0.3) Lkst tom typms gi `yebakc beblysks prghlmas. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q0.0) @mikem egrabl ag`ms. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q0.=) Sfmtco twg 3@ mlmamets mxokhktked lkembr strbke hmobvkgr. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q0.9) Tobt ks tom keilumecm gi mlmamet `kstgrtkge ge tom beblysks rmsults7


0.4) @mtmrakem tom mlmamet abss abtrkx igr gem-`kameskgebl, `yebakc structurbl beblysksprghlmas. Bssuam tom twg-eg`m, lkembr mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

0.?) Cgaamet ge tom bccurbcy gi tom vblums gi ebturbl irmqumeckms ghtbkem` hy uskedluapm` abss abtrkcms be` cgeskstmet abss abtrkcms. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

0.;) Mxplbke cgeskstmet lgb` vmctgr. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q0.2>) Tobt `g ygu ambe hy Luapm` abss abtrkx7 VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q0.22) Trktm `gwe tom luapm` abss abtrkx igr tom truss mlmamet. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>>;Q0.28) Tobt brm tom typms gi Mkdme vblum prghlmas7 VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q0.23) Tobt ks ambet hy ag`m supmrpgsktkge tmcoekqum7 VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

^BXP H

0.20) @mrkvm tom mqubtkge gi' agtkge hbsm` ge wmbf igra igr trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkge gi bhmba. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

0.2=) @mrkvm tom dgvmreked mqubtkge igr lgedktu`kebl vkhrbtkge.0.29) @mrkvm tom wmbf igraulbtkge igr lgedktu`kebl vkhrbtkge.0.24) @mrkvm tom wmbf igraulbtkge igr trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkge.0.2?) @mrkvm tom mlmamet mqubtkge igr lgedktu`kebl irmm vkhrbtkge.0.2;) @mrkvm tom mlmamet mqubtkge igr trbesvmrsm irmm vkhrbtkge.0.8>) @mrkvm tom cgeskstmet abss abtrkx igr hbr mlmamet0.82) @mrkvm tom cgeskstmet abss abtrkx igr truss mlmamet


65/85



0.88) @mrkvm tom cgeskstmet abss abtrkx igr CSP mlmamet0.83) @mrkvm tom cgeskstmet abss abtrkx igr b truss mlmamet ke kts lgcbl cggr`kebtm systma.

VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

0.80) @mrkvm tom ikektm mqubtkges igr tom tkam mpme`met strmss beblysks gi gem kameskgeblhbr. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

0.8=) Ike` tom ebturbl irmqumeckms gi trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkges gi tom cbetklmvmr hmba sogwe keIkdurm usked gem hmba mlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

0.89) Cgesk`mr b uekigra crgsssmctkge hbr bs sogwe ke ikdurm gi lmedto L ab`m up gi babtmrkbl wogsm [gueds ag`ulus be` `meskty brm dkvme hy M be` . Mstkabtm tom

ebturbl irmqumeckms gi bxkbl vkhrbtkge gi tom hbr usked hgto luapm` be` cgeskstmet

abss abtrkx. VB], Aby / Juem 8>>=Q

0.84) @mtmrakem tom ebturbl irmqumeckms be` ag`m sobpms gi trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkge igr b hmbaikxm` bt hgto me`s. Pom hmba aby hm ag`mllm` hy twg mlmamets, mbco gi lmedto L be`

crgss-smctkgebl brmb B. Cgesk`mr luapm` abss abtrkx bpprgbco.

VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>22Q

0.8?) ]sked twg mqubl-lmedto ikektm mlmamets, `mtmrakem tom ebturbl irmqumeckms gi tom sglk`ckrculbr sobit ikxm` bt gem me` sogwe ke ikdurm. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q


66/85



0.8;) Ghtbke tom ebturbl irmqumeckms gi vkhrbtkge igr b stmppm` stmml hbr gi brmb 98=aa8igrtom lmedto gi 8=>aa be` 328.=aa8igr tom lmedto gi 28=aa. Pom mlmamet ks ikxm` bt

lbrdmr me` VB], Egv / @mc8>>4Q

0.3>) @mtmrakem tom Mkdme vblums be` irmqumeckms igr tom stmppm` hbr sogwe ke tom ikdurmPbfm M 1 8> * 2>2>E/a8be` smli-wmkdot 1 ?=>> fd.a3 VB], Aby / Juem 8>>=Q


67/85



0.32) Ike` tom ebturbl irmqumecy gi lgedktu`kebl vkhrbtkge gi tom uecgestrbkem` stmppm` hbrbs sogwe ke ikdurm. VB], Egv / @mc8>>9Q

0.38) Cgaputm abtmrkbl irmqumeckms gi irmm trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkge gi b stmppm` hmba sogwe keikdurm. VB], Aby / Juem

8>>3Q

0.33) @mtmrakem tom ebturbl irmqumeckms gi trbesvmrsm vkhrbtkge igr b hmba ikxm` bt hgtome`s. Pom hmba aby hm ag`mllm` hy twg mlmamets mbco gi lmedto L be` crgss

smctkgebl brmb B. Pom usm gi syaamtry hgue`bry cge`ktkge ks gptkgebl.

VB], Aby / Juem 8>>?Q


68/85



0.30) @mtmrakem tom ebturbl irmqumeckms be` ag`m sobpms gi b systma wogsm stkiiemss be`abss abtrkcms brm dkvme hmlgw VB], Aby / Juem 8>>?Q

0.3=) Ike` tom rmspgesm gi tom systma dkvme hmlgw usked ag`bl supmrpgsktkge amtog`.


0.39) @mtmrakem tom ebturbl irmqumeckms igr tom truss sogwe ke ikdurm usked ikektm mlmametamtog`. VB], Aby / Juem 8>>4Q

0.34) Ike` tom ebturbl irmqumeckms gi vkhrbtkge gi twg mlmamet skaply suppgrtm` hmba hytbfked b`vbetbdm gi tom syaamtry bhgut tom ak`-pgket VB], Aby / Juem 8>>4Q


69/85



0.3?) Igraulbtm tom abss abtrkx igr twg-`kameskgebl rmctbedulbr mlmamet `mpkctm` keikdurm. Pom mlmamet obs uekigra tokcfemss = aa be` `meskty 1 4.?3 * 2>-9fd/aa3

VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

0.3;) Cgesk`mr tom ue`bapm` 8 `mdrmm gi irmm`ga systma bs sogwe ke ikdurm. Ike` tomrmspgesm gi tom systma wome tom ikrst abss blgem ks dkvme be kektkbl `ksplbcmamet gi

uekty be` rmblksm` irga rmst.

Pom abtomabtkcbl rmprmsmetbtkge gi tom systma igr irmm, Obragekc vkhrbtkge ks dkvme

hy VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q


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0.0>) Cblculbtm tom cgeskstmet be` luapm` lgb` vmctgr igr tom mlmamet sogwe ke ikdurm.VB], Egv / @mc

8>2>Q

0.02) Cgesk`mr b uekigra crgss smctkge hbr, bs sogwe ke ikdurm gi lmedto L ab`m up giabtmrkbl wogsm ygued's ag`ulus be` `meskty ks dkvme hy M be` . Mstkabtm tom

ebturbl irmqumeckms gi bxkbl vkhrbtkge gi tom hbr usked hgto cgeskstmet be` luapm`

abss abtrkcms. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

0.08) @mtmrakem tom Mkdme vblums be` Mkdme vmctgrs igr tom stmppm` hbr bs sogwe ke ikdurm.VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q


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0.03) Ike` tom Mkdme vblums be` Mkdme vmctgrs gi tom abtrkx.V Q

0.00) Ike` tom Mkdme vblums be` Mkdme vmctgrs gi tom abtrkx.

V Q0.0=) ]sm ktmrbtkvm prgcm`urms tg `mtmrakem tom ikrst be` tokr` Mkdme vblums igr tom structurm

sogwe ke ikdurm. Omecm `mtmrakem tom smcge` Mkdme vblum be` tom ebturbl irmqumeckms

gi hukl`ked. Ikeblly, mstbhlkso tom Mkdme vmctgrs be` comcf tom rmst hy bpplyked tom

grtogdgeblkty prgpmrtkms gi Mkdme vmctgrs. VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

.


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]EKP Y B^^LKCBPKGES KE OMBP PXBESIMX & IL]K@

AMCOBEKCS

^BXP B

=.2) Trktm `gwe tom gem `kameskgebl ombt cgeùctkge mqubtkge. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q=.8) Trktm `gwe tom mxprmsskge gi sobpm iuectkge be` tmapmrbturm iuectkge igr gem

`kameskgebl ombt cgeùctkge. VB], Aby / Juem 8>22Q

=.3) Trktm `gwe tom dgvmreked `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge igr tom stmb`y stbtm gem `kameskgeblcgeùctkge ombt trbesimr.\ VB], Egv / @mc8>2>, 8>28Q

=.0) Trktm `gwe tom dgvmreked `kiimrmetkbl mqubtkge igr b twg `kameskgebl stmb`y-stbtmombt trbesimr prghlma. VB], Egv / @mc8>>;Q

=.=) Trktm `gwe tom stkiiemss abtrkx mqubtkge igr gem `kameskgebl ombt cgeùctkgemlmamet. VB], Egv / @mc8>22Q

=.9) Sfmtco b twg `kameskgebl `kiimrmetkbl cgetrgl mlmamet igr ombt trbesimr be` ghtbke tomombt kiiuskge mqubtkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>28Q

=.4) @mikem mlmamet cbpbcktbecm abtrkx igr uestmb`y stbtm ombt trbesimr prghlmas.VB], Aby / Juem8>23Q

=.?) Ebam b imw hgue`bry cge`ktkges kevglvm` ke bey ombt trbesimr beblysks.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>2>Q

=.;) Ametkge twg ebturbl hgue`bry cge`ktkges bs bpplkm` tg tomrabl prghlmas.VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q

=.2>) Cgesk`mr b wbll gi b tbef cgetbkeked b ogt lkquk` bt b tmapmrbturm P> wkto be bkrstrmba gi tmapmrbturm Pxpbssm` ge tom gutsk`m, abketbkeked b wbll tmapmrbturm gi PL

bt tom hgue`bry. Spmckiy tom hgue`bry cge`ktkges. VB], Bprkl / Aby

8>>;Q

=.22) @mikem stbtkc cge`mesbtkge. VB], Egv / @mc8>2>Q=.28) Dkvm tom dgvmreked mqubtkge gi tgrskge prghlma. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q=.23) Trktm tom stmp hy stmp prgcmùrm gi sglvked b tgrskge prghlma hy ikektm mlmamet

amtog`. VB], Bprkl / Aby8>22Q


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=.20) Gutlkem tom stmp hy stmp prgcm`urm gi obe`lked tgrskge prghlma usked tom ikektmmlmamet amtog`. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q

=.2=) @mikem strmbalkem. VB], Aby / Juem8>28Q=.29) @mikem tom strmba iuectkge igr

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Assignment Booklet Me2353 Finite Element Analysis Dec 2013 May 2014