Assignment2 Compositebaseballbatpresentation 120624224437 Phpapp02

8/12/2019 Assignment2 Compositebaseballbatpresentation 120624224437 Phpapp02

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Syed Mustijab Haider Rizvi (MM111117)

Composite Baseball BatsManufacturing Process & Comparison with Aluminum Bats


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Table of Contents

1. Introduction

2. Shapes

3. Aluminum and Composite Bats

4. Properties of Baseball Bats

5. Manufacturing Process

6. Comparison

7. Conclusions

8. References

Composite Baseball Bats


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Introduction

Baseball bats fall within three material classifications

1. Wood 2. Aluminum 3.Composite



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Shapes

Baseball bats in the early days of baseball came in all

shapes and sizes

(long, short, flat, and heavy)

1859Maximum diameter 2.5 inches

1869

Maximum length 42 inches

1890No more flat bats only round with

maximum diameter 2.87inches



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Aluminum and Composite Bats1924A patent for the first metal baseball bat

1970First metallic bat in the game

1980First composite bat in the game

Worth Aluminum baseball bat Easton Aluminum baseball bat



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Properties of a baseball bat

Important features

Durability and strength

Stiffness

Swing weight

Trampoline effect

Vibrations



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Manufacturing Process

Following steps are involved in composite baseball bat manufacturing

process

1. Starting material

2. Steel bat frame

3. Winding of polypropylene layer

4. Baking

5. Braided carbon and glass layers

6. Hot pressure molding

7. Extracting steel bat form

8. Inspection and flexibility testing

9. Black primer coating

10. Finishing operations



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1. Starting Material

Resin infused pliable carbon fiber sheets

Sheet layers

Hot rolling

melting of resin and diffusion of fibers


Sheet layers Hot rolling


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2. Steel Bat Form

The fiber sheets are then spiral around the steel bat form at different angles

to make a fine bat form.


Steel bat form Fiber sheet wrapping on steel bat form


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3. Winding of polypropylene

A layer of polypropylene is winded to squeeze out any trapped air between

the layers


Polypropylene

layer

Fiber sheetwrapped bat

form


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4. Baking

Baking for two hoursResin curing


Placing bats in baking oven


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5. Braided carbon and glass layersAfter the removal of polypropylene, bat form is wrapped with three layers

Braided carbon and glass (1)

A thick layer of carbon (2)

Aramid Fiber layer (3)


(1) (2)

(3)


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6. Hot Pressure Molding

The bats are placed in the mold and epoxy resin is injected with high

pressure at high temperature


Bats in mold

Hole for

epoxy resininjection


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7. Extracting the Steel Bat Form

After the removal from the mold steel bat form is extracted


Hollow

Composite

bat

Steel bat

form


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8. Inspection and Flexibility Testing

Bat is inspected for any visible defects and tested on flexibility testing

machine to ensure that bat has attained desired flexibility



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9. Black Primer Coating

After inspection black primer coating is applied and bats are hanged to dry



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10. Finishing Operations

Spray Paint (1)

Brand

Adjust weight (2)

Adjust balance In-cap (3)

Grip (4)


(1)(2) (3)

(4)


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Comparison

Comparison of aluminum and composite baseball bats

Composite Aluminum

Swing weight

Lower swing weight and maximum

effect of swing weight by having both

a lower moment of inertia as well as a

center of mass closer to the handle

Relatively higher swing weight

Trampoline effect

The softer barrel allows the ball to

come off with small losses in energy

while maintaining the stiffness of the

bat in the handle

Due to isotropic properties it is difficult

to make different parts with different

stiffness so stiffness of barrel must be

high

Vibration

Very high damping rate causing no

observable vibrationsHigh vibrations cause a sting


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Comparison

Composite Aluminum

Temperature effect

Cannot be used at lower temperature Can be used at any temperature

Durability

Relatively low life time Can be used for long period of times

Flexibility in properties

Properties can be tailored at will Difficult to obtain anisotropic properties

Performance with time

Performance improves with usage due

to loosing of fibers up till a certain limit

Performance decreases with time

Sweet spot (area of bat which transfer maximum power to ball)

Larger sweet spot Relatively small sweet spot

Cost

High cost Low cost


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Conclusion

Composite bats have outperformed aluminum bats by their superior and tailor

able qualities;

The swing weight for these bats is more easily controllable,

Trampoline effect may be tuned,

Bending stiffness may be tuned and

Bending vibrations are more highly damped.

These all properties together made them the first choice of any player



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Thank You!


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References

[1] Mahesh M. Shenoy et al (2001). Performance assessmentof wood, metal and composite baseball bats, Composite

Structures 397-404

[2] Matthew Broe et al (2010). Experimental study of theevolution of composite baseball bat performance, ProcediaEngineering 2 26532658[3]http://www.baseball-bats.net/baseball-bats/baseball-bat-history/index.html 18-05-2012 at 1:45 PM[4]http://americanarmchaircricketer.blogspot.com/2012/02/goi

ng-batty-or-what-are-those-sticks.html 18-05-2012 at 2:00 PM[5]http://www.bplowestprices.com/easton-sv12-bsv1-baseball-bat-high-school-adult-3.html 18-05-2012 at 2:25 PM[6] http://www.woodbat.org/ 18-05-2012 at 4:00 PM[7]http://science.discovery.com/search/results.html?focus=site&query=baseball+bats&search= 18-05-2012 at 5:00 PM

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Assignment2 Compositebaseballbatpresentation 120624224437 Phpapp02