Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Prevention of corruption systems and institutional frameworks Francesco Checchi, UNDP Anti Corruption Specialist

Astana Economic forum - May 2012

Prevention of corruption systems and institutional frameworks

Francesco Checchi , UNDP Anti Corruption Specialist


• Discuss briefly the area of prevention of corruption, the main elements and how to define it

• Present some observation on institutional models for prevention of corruption based on practical experience

• Present some of the main challenges for prevention of corruption and how to go about addressing them through management systems


•Prevention of corruption and law enforcement

• Prevention of corruption difficult to codify and conceptualize

•According to the UNCAC: Rules for hiring and promoting public officials

Effective public financial management;

Streamlining of administrative procedures for Transparency and accountability across the public sector;

Rules to monitor the financial situation of public officials and financing of political parties;

Conflict of interest provisions. (just to mention some)


Institutional arrangements for prevention of corruption

UNDP work in support to anti corruption agencies in the EE – CIS region

Art 6 UNCAC > base for the creation of specialized prevention of corruption agencies

1)Multi functional models 2)Prevention of corruption agencies / commissions


What specialized agencies do in the area of prevention? •Anti-Corruption Policy formulation•Development of implementation plans•Coordinating the implementation of preventive policies •Monitoring the Implementation of Anti-Corruption Plans •Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-corruption policies •Conducting Diagnostic and research •Legislative Drafting •Promoting international cooperation and mainstreaming the international standards•Disseminating knowledge•Enhancing transparency of the PA and civil society participation in the fight against corruption•Development and implementation of corruption risk and integrity assessments•Enforcement of preventive anti-corruption measures (asset declarations regimes, conflict of interests, gifts)


Assessment of the activities of specialized agencies

Multi task models (E.g Moldova CCECC – Turkey PMIB – Latvia STT – Lithuania KNAB) Positive elements (when addressing preventive functions): Institutions have an already well established positioning in the institutional frameworkUtilization of the data on enforcement for anti corruption awareness raising – research Problems: Scarce resources for prevention Lacking cooperation with the civil society In some cases lack of trust (existing reputation of the agency de to the law enforcement activity) Risk assessments always perceived as investigation


Assessment of the activities of specialized agencies

Specialized Preventive models: (e.g. Montenegro DACI, Macedonia SPCP, Slovenia Commission) Positive elements: Capacity to establish cooperation with the civil society and businesses (open government – new technologies)Better analysis and research / awareness raising In some cases better relationship with the branches public administration (e.g for conduction of risk assessments) Negative elements: When collecting information on cases , lack of coordination with the law enforcement authorities

Tendency of centralization of activities (e.g. conflict of interests - asset declarations - ethics – managers of the PA should be involved)


Findings

Specialized agencies cannot achieve results when the key elements ensuring the integrity, transparency and accountability of the processes of the PA are not in place (Audit, Procurement, Ethics, Civil service agencies Institutional arrangements for Administrative and disciplinary controls .. )

Traditional integrity systems have to be in place ad well functioning first To prevent corruption, before establishing specialized anti corruption institutions: governments, line ministries and state agencies need to develop the capacity to manage a series of processes contributing to addressing challenges for the fight against corruption..


Main Challenges that can hardly be addressed by specialized anti corruption agencies

Managing the implementation of anti Corruption policies and develop a monitoring and evaluation system.

Enhancing citizens’ and civil society society access to information

Enhancing institutional communication and citizens awareness

Improve transparency and accountability of processes within the PA applied to administrative human resources, material, or financial processes.


Thank you!


Website: http://www.sigob.org/portal/default.aspx

Francesco Checchi,UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre [email protected]

Documents

Astana Economic forum - May 2012 Prevention of corruption systems and institutional frameworks Francesco Checchi, UNDP Anti Corruption Specialist