ATHENS vs SPARTAATHENS vs SPARTAWhich was the greatest?Which was the greatest?

Both Were Pretty Awesome!Both Were Pretty Awesome!

SPARTAN STRENGTHSSPARTAN STRENGTHS ATHENIAN STRENGTHSATHENIAN STRENGTHS

Both Were Pretty Awesome!Both Were Pretty Awesome!

SPARTAN STRENGTHSSPARTAN STRENGTHS ATHENIAN STRENGTHSATHENIAN STRENGTHS

*Military machine!

*Self disciplined

*Physically fit/healthy

*Did not focus on luxuries

*Women had more rights

than other Greek women

* Highly organized

Both Were Pretty Awesome!Both Were Pretty Awesome!

ATHENIAN STRENGTHSATHENIAN STRENGTHS

*Strong navy*Strong navy

*Focus on education *Focus on education including art and musicincluding art and music

*direct democracy *direct democracy

* Advancements in art, * Advancements in art, science, technologyscience, technology

SPARTAN STRENGTHSSPARTAN STRENGTHS

Military machine!Military machine!

Self disciplinedSelf disciplined

Physically fit/healthyPhysically fit/healthy

Did not focus on Did not focus on luxuriesluxuries

Women had more rightsWomen had more rights

than other Greek womenthan other Greek women

* Highly organized* Highly organized

SPARTAN SPARTAN WEAKNESSESWEAKNESSES

ATHENIAN ATHENIAN WEAKNESSESWEAKNESSES

SPARTAN WEAKNESSESSPARTAN WEAKNESSES

Focus on military kept them Focus on military kept them from making advancements from making advancements in science, technology and in science, technology and the artsthe arts

Fell behind other city-states Fell behind other city-states in tradein trade

ATHENIAN WEAKNESSESATHENIAN WEAKNESSES

Pride to the point of Pride to the point of arrogance about their way of arrogance about their way of lifelife

Wanted to control more of Wanted to control more of the land around itthe land around it

Foreign policy toward its Foreign policy toward its alliesallies

The Persian WarsThe Persian Wars

The Persian EmpireThe Persian Empire

LeadershipLeadershipCyrus the GreatCyrus the Great

United the land he United the land he conquered into one huge conquered into one huge empireempire

Ruled from 559-530 B.C.Ruled from 559-530 B.C. Very tolerant ruler; allowed Very tolerant ruler; allowed

Jews to leave and go back Jews to leave and go back to their homelandto their homeland

* The leaders that * The leaders that followed added to followed added to Persian territoryPersian territory

Achievements of Achievements of GovernmentGovernment

Built a road system to connect Built a road system to connect

all areas of the empire ; had all areas of the empire ; had

“thruway stops”“thruway stops”

Divided the large territory into Divided the large territory into

20 satrapies led by 1 20 satrapies led by 1

appointed satrap.appointed satrap.

Large army of professional Large army of professional

soldiers (paid; full time) soldiers (paid; full time)

THE PERSIANS AND THE THE PERSIANS AND THE GREEKSGREEKS

FACTFACT: The Greeks were setting up : The Greeks were setting up colonies in the Mediterranean area.colonies in the Mediterranean area.

FACTFACT: The Persians were trying to : The Persians were trying to expand their territory.expand their territory.

FACTFACT: The Persians conquered many : The Persians conquered many little city states along Asia Minorlittle city states along Asia Minor

The Persians and the GreeksThe Persians and the Greeks

FACT:FACT: The Athenian army helped these The Athenian army helped these city-states rebel against Persia.city-states rebel against Persia.

FACTFACT: The rebellion failed but the Persian : The rebellion failed but the Persian King decided that mainland Greeks King decided that mainland Greeks (Athens) needed to be stopped from (Athens) needed to be stopped from interfering in Persian business.interfering in Persian business.

FACTFACT: Persia set out to attack Athens: Persia set out to attack Athens

Battle of MarathonBattle of Marathon

Marathon was a plain a short distance from Marathon was a plain a short distance from Athens. Persia dropped 20,000 soldiers Athens. Persia dropped 20,000 soldiers there.there.

The Persians waited several days for the The Persians waited several days for the Athenians to come out and defend Athenians to come out and defend themselves but they didn’t. The Athenians themselves but they didn’t. The Athenians had only 10,000 soldiers. Instead of had only 10,000 soldiers. Instead of attacking, they held back in the hills attacking, they held back in the hills overlooking the plain.overlooking the plain.

THINK ABOUT ITTHINK ABOUT IT

What do you think the Persians will What do you think the Persians will do?do?

What do you think the Athenians What do you think the Athenians should do?should do?

Go to JAT p.134-137 to see what happens Go to JAT p.134-137 to see what happens then complete the questions I gave you in then complete the questions I gave you in your notebook.your notebook.

Be ready to discuss your answers Be ready to discuss your answers tomorrow!tomorrow!

BIG IDEAS FROM THE PERSIAN BIG IDEAS FROM THE PERSIAN WARSWARS

1. War over territory is very common!1. War over territory is very common!

2. Athenians demonstrated a combination of 2. Athenians demonstrated a combination of strength and strategy at Marathon.strength and strategy at Marathon.

3. The Athenians took on a role of 3. The Athenians took on a role of protector/supporter of other city-states.protector/supporter of other city-states.

4. The 24. The 2ndnd Persian War caused Sparta and Persian War caused Sparta and Athens to work together to defeat a common Athens to work together to defeat a common enemy.enemy.

Delian LeagueDelian LeagueAthensAthens: Formed alliances with other : Formed alliances with other states to protect them from future states to protect them from future invasions. invasions.

• officials were all Athenianofficials were all Athenian

• was supposed to be a partnership was supposed to be a partnership between city-statesbetween city-states

BUT…………………..BUT…………………..

The Athenians took chargeThe Athenians took charge

Began charging the other city-states tribute in Began charging the other city-states tribute in exchange for protectionexchange for protection

Used the money to beautify their own citiesUsed the money to beautify their own cities

THE OTHER CITY STATES WERE NOT THE OTHER CITY STATES WERE NOT HAPPY!! THEY BEGAN TO RESENT ATHENS HAPPY!! THEY BEGAN TO RESENT ATHENS BUT WHERE COULD THEY FIND HELP??BUT WHERE COULD THEY FIND HELP??

THE OTHER CITY STATES THE OTHER CITY STATES WERE NOT HAPPY!! THEY WERE NOT HAPPY!! THEY BEGAN TO RESENT ATHENS BEGAN TO RESENT ATHENS BUT WHERE COULD THEY FIND BUT WHERE COULD THEY FIND HELP??HELP??

Sparta did not join the Delian League. Sparta did not join the Delian League. Instead they returned to their homeland Instead they returned to their homeland and focused on strengthening their own and focused on strengthening their own way of life.way of life.

The city states went to Sparta to join The city states went to Sparta to join forces against the Athenians.forces against the Athenians.

BRAWN vs. BRAINS!!BRAWN vs. BRAINS!!

READ JAT p. 144-146 to READ JAT p. 144-146 to find out what happens.find out what happens.