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_Exercises

Articles

Articles: a/an PEG 1-4

Insert a or an if necessary.1 My neighbour is . . . photographer; let's ask him for . . . a !ice about colour films." #e ha . . . fish an . . . chips for . . . lunch. $

%hat oesn't soun . . . !ery interesting lunch.& I ha . . . !ery ba night; I i n't sleep . . . ink.4 (e is . . . !egetarian; you on't get . . . meat at his house. (e'll gi!e you . . . nut cutlet.

$)ast time I ha . . . nut cutlet I ha . . . in igestion.* . . . tra!el agent oul gi!e you . . . information about . . . hotels.+ #e' better go by . . . ta,i if e can get . . . ta,i at such . . . hour as " a.m. . . . person ho suffers from . . . claustrophobia has . . . rea of being confine in . . .

small space/ an oul al ays prefer . . . stairs to . . . lift.0 o you take . . . sugar in . . . coffee2 $

I use to/ but no I'm on . . . iet. I'm trying to lose . . . eight.3 . . . man suffering from . . . shock shoul not be gi!en anything to rink.1 5ou'll get . . . shock if you touch . . . li!e ire ith that scre ri!er.

#hy on't you get . . . scre ri!er ith . . . insulate han le211 It costs fifty-fi!e an . . . half pence an I'!e only got . . . fifty pence piece. $ 5ou can pay by . . . che6ue here. $ 7ut can I rite . . . che6ue for . . . fifty-fi!e an . . . half pence21" . . . Mr 8mith is . . . ol customer an . . . honest man. $

#hy o you say that2 (as he been accuse of . . . ishonesty21& I'm not . . . age-earner; I'm . . . self-employe man. I ha!e . . . business of my o n. $%hen you're not . . . orker; you're . . . capitalist9

14 #hen he as charge ith . . . mur er he sai he ha . . . alibi.1* . . . frien of mine is e,pecting . . . baby. If it's . . . girl she's going to be calle

Ethel re a. $#hat . . . name to gi!e . . . girl9

1+ I ha!e . . . hour an . . . half for lunch. $I only ha!e . . . half . . . hour barely . . . time for . . . smoke an ... cup of coffee.

1 I hope you ha!e . . . lo!ely time an . . . goo eather. $7ut I'm not going for . . . holi ay; I'm going on . . . business.

10 (e looke at me ith . . . horror hen I e,plaine that I as . . . ouble agent.13 I oul n't climb . . . mountain for :1/ 9 I ha!e . . . horror of . . . heights." I ha!e . . . hea ache an . . . sore throat. I think I'!e got . . . col . $

I think you're getting . . . flu."1 . . . Mr ones calle hile you ere out (neither of us knows this man). (e ants to

make . . . complaint about . . . article in the paper. (e as in . . . !ery ba temper."" If you go by . . . train you can ha!e 6uite . . . comfortable

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house to . . . ol smugglers' ca!e in the cliffs."4 I'm ha!ing . . . fe frien s in to . . . coffee tomorro e!ening.

#oul you like to come2 $I' lo!e to/ but I'm afrai I'm going to . . . concert.

"* It's time you ha . . . holi ay. 5ou ha!en't ha . . . ay off for . . . month."+ (e broke ...leg in... skiing acci ent. It's still in . . . plaster." I ant . . . assistant ith . . . kno le ge of =rench an . . . e,perience of . . . office

routine."0 I see that your house is built of . . . oo . >re you insure against ... fire2"3 %he escaping prisoner campe in . . . oo but he i n't light . . . fire because . . .

smoke rising from the oo might attract . . . attention.& I ha . . . ama?ing e,perience last night. I sa . . . inosaur eating . . . meat pie in . . .

)on on park. $ 5ou mean you ha . . . nightmare. >ny ay/ inosaurs i n't eat . . . meat.&1 I'll pay you . . . hun re . . . eek. It's not . . . enormous salary but after all you are . . .

completely unskille man.&" If you kept . . . graph you coul see at . . . glance hether you ere making . . . profit

or . . . loss.&& . . . little(hardly anything) is kno n about the effect of this rug; yet . . . chemist ill

sell it to you ithout . . . prescription.&4 I ha!e . . . little money left; let's ha!e inner in . . . restaurant.&* #oul it be . . . trouble to you to buy me . . . ne spaper on your ay home2&+ . . . man is . . . reasoning animal.

Articles: the PEG +-0

Insert the if necessary.

1 . . . youngest boy has

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(a!e you rung . . . hospital to ask ho he is21" >nn's habit of ri ing a motorcycle up an o n . . . roa early in . . . morning annoye

. . . neighbours an in . . . en they took her to . . . court.1& (e first ent to . . . sea in a 8 e ish ship/ so as ell as learning . . . na!igation he ha

to learn . . . 8 e ish.14 . . . family hotels are . . . hotels hich elcome . . . parents an . . . chil ren.1* @n . . . 8un ays my father stays in . . . be till ten o'clock/ rea ing . . . 8un ay papers.1+ %hen he gets up/ puts on . . . ol clothes/ has . . . breakfast an starts . . . ork in . . .

gar en.1 My mother goes to . . . church in . . . morning/ an in . . . afternoon goes to !isit . . .

frien s.10 )ike many omen/ she lo!es . . . tea parties an . . . gossip.13 My parents ha!e ... col meat an . . . sala for . . . supper/ . . . inter an . . . summer." uring . . . meal he talks about . . . gar en an she tells him . . . !illage gossip."1 #e ha!e a !ery goo train ser!ice from here to . . . city centre an most people go to .

. . ork by train. 5ou can go by . . . bus too/ of course/ but you can't get a seasonticket on . . . bus.

"" . . . ea no longer nee . . . help. #e must concern oursel!es ith . . . li!ing. #e must buil . . . houses an . . . schools an . . . playgroun s.

"& I' like to see . . . Mr 8mith please. $o you mean . . . Mr 8mith ho orks in . . . bo, office or . . . other Mr 8mith2"4 i you come by . . . air2 $ Ao/ I came by . . . sea. I ha a lo!ely !oyage on . . . Bueen Eli?abeth II."* . . . most of . . . stories that . . . people tell about . . . Irish aren't true."+ . . . marrie couples ith . . . chil ren often rent . . . cottages by . . . seasi e for . . .

summer holi ays.. . . men hire boats an go for . . . trips along . . . coast; . . . chil ren spen . . . ay on . . .

beach an . . . poor mothers spen . . . most of . . . time oing . . . cooking an cleaning.

" It's usually safe to alk on . . . san / but here/ hen . . . ti e is coming in/ . . . san becomes angerously soft. . . . people ha!e been s allo e up by it."0 #hen . . . %itanic as crossing . . . >tlantic she struck an iceberg hich tore a huge

hole in her bo . . . . captain or ere . . . cre to help . . . passengers into . . . boats."3 E!ery here . . . man has cut o n . . . forests in or er to culti!ate . . . groun / or to

use . . . oo as . . . fuel or as . . . buil ing material.& 7ut . . . interference ith . . . nature often brings . . . isaster. . . . tree-felling

sometimes turns . . . fertile lan into a ustbo l.&1 . . . people think that . . . lea is . . . hea!iest metal/ but . . . gol is hea!ier.&" @ur air hostess sai / '. . . rack is only for . . . light articles. . . . hea!y things such as . . .

bottles must be put on . . . floor.'&& . . . in o s are suppose to let in . . . light; but . . . in o s of this house are so

small that e ha!e to ha!e . . . electric light on all . . . time.&4 %here'11 al ays be a conflict bet een . . . ol an . . . young. . . . young people ant .

. . change but . . . ol people ant . . . things to stay . . . same.&* . . . po er ten s to corrupt an . . . absolute po er corrupts absolutely.&+ 5ou can fool some of . . . people all . . . time/ an all . . . people some of . . . time; but

you cannot fool all . . . people all . . . time.

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Articles: a/an, the PEG 1-0

Insert a, an or the if necessary.

1 %here as . . . knock on . . . oor. I opene it an foun . . . small ark man in . . . blueo!ercoat an . . . oollen cap." (e sai he as . . . employee of . . . gas company an ha come to rea . . . meter.& 7ut I ha . . . suspicion that he asn't speaking . . . truth because . . . meter rea ers

usually ear . . . peake caps.4 (o e!er/ I took him to . . . meter/ hich is in . . . ark corner un er . . . stairs

C. . . meters are usually in . . . ark corners un er . . . stairsD.* I aske if he ha . . . torch; he sai he islike torches an al ays rea . . . meters by . . .

light of . . . match.+ I remarke that if there as . . . leak in . . . gaspipe there might be . . . e,plosion hile

he as rea ing . . . meter. (e sai / '>s . . . matter of . . . fact/ there as . . . e,plosion in . . . last house I !isite ;

an Mr 8mith/ . . . o ner of . . . house/ as burnt in . . . face.'0 'Mr 8mith as hol ing . . . lighte match at . . . time of . . . e,plosion.'3 %o pre!ent . . . possible repetition of this acci ent/ I lent him . . . torch.1 (e s itche on . . . torch/ rea . . . meter an rote . . . rea ing o n on . . . back of .

. . en!elope.11 I sai in . . . surprise that . . . meter rea ers usually put . . . rea ings o n in . . . book.1" (e sai that he ha ha . . . book but that it ha been burnt in . . . fire in . . . Mr 8mith's

house.1& 7y this time I ha come to . . . conclusion that he asn't . . . genuine meter rea er; an

. . . moment he left . . . house I rang . . . police.14 >re ohn an Mary . . . cousins2 $

Ao/ they aren't . . . cousins; they are . . . brother an . . . sister.1* . . . fog as so thick that e coul n't see . . . si e of . . . roa . #e follo e . . . car in

front of us an hope that e ere going . . . right ay.1+ I can't remember . . . e,act ate of . . . storm/ but I kno it as . . . 8un ay because

e!erybo y as at . . . church. @n . . . Mon ay . . . post i n't come because . . . roa sere blocke by . . . fallen trees.

1 Peter thinks that this is 6uite . . . cheap restaurant.10 %here's been . . . mur er here. $

#here's . . . bo y2$%here isn't . . . bo y. $%hen ho o you kno there's been . . . mur er2

13 Aumber . . . hun re an t o/ - . . house ne,t oor to us/ is for sale.It's 6uite . - . nice house ith . . . big rooms. . . . back in o s look out on . . . park.

" I on't kno hat . . . price . . . o ners are asking. 7ut ry an ot are . . . agents.5ou coul gi!e them . . . ring an make them . . . offer.

"1 . . . postman's little boy says that he' rather be . . . entist than . . . octor/ because . . .entists on't get calle out at . . . night.

"" ust as . . . air hostess (there was only one on the plane) as han ing me . . . cup of . . .coffee . . . plane ga!e . . . lurch an . . . coffee ent all o!er . . . person on . . . other

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si e of . . . gang ay."& %here as . . . collision bet een . . . car an . . . cyclist at . . . crossroa s near . . . my

house early in . . . morning. . . . cyclist as taken to . . . hospital ith . . . concussion. .. . ri!er of . . . car as treate for . . . shock. . . . itnesses say that . . . car as goingat . . . se!enty miles . . . hour.

"4 Professor ones/ . . . man ho isco!ere . . . ne rug that e!eryone is talking about/refuse to gi!e . . . press conference.

"* Peter Piper/ . . . stu ent in . . . professor's college/ aske him hy he refuse to talkto . . . press.

"+ #e're going to . . . tea ith . . . 8miths to ay/ aren't e2 8hall e take . . . car2 $ #e can go by . . . car if you ash . . . car first. #e can't go to . . . Mrs 8mith's in . . .

car all co!ere ith . . . mu ." (e got . . .

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3 I ha!e . . . pain in . . . shoul er.1 %he in screen as smashe an the ri!er as cut in . . . face by broken glass.11 (e as . . . !ery tall man ith . . . ark hair an . . . small bear / but I coul n't see . . .

eyes because he as earing . . . ark glasses.1" (e tore . . . trousers getting o!er a barbe ire fence.1& 7rother an sister ere 6uite unlike each other. (e ha . . . fair a!y hair; . . . hair

as ark an straight.14 8he pulle . . . slee!e to attract his attention.1* 8he pulle him by . . . slee!e.1+ '(an s up9' sai the maske man/ an e all put . . . han s up.1 >sk . . . oman in front of you to take off . . . hat.10 (e stroke . . . chin thoughtfully.13 If you're too hot hy on't you take off . . . coat2" I sa him raise . . . right han an take . . . oath."1 %he lioness bit him in . . . leg."" 5ou shoul change . . . et shoes/ or you'll catch another col ."& %here as a shot an a policeman came out ith . . . bloo running o n . . . face."4 #e shook . . . han s ith . . . host."* (e fell off his horse an in

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* I'!e tol you . . . hun re times not to come into . . . room ith . . . hat on.+ It's unlucky to light three cigarettes ith . . . match. $

%hat's only . . . superstition. @nly . . . i iot belie!es in superstitions. (e says . . . cara!an is no goo ; he nee s . . . cottage.0 . . . plate is no goo ; e nee . . . o?en.3 )ast time there as . . . fog here . . . plane crash-lan e in . . . fiel near the airport. %he

cre ha . . . lucky escape. . . . man broke his leg; the rest ere unhurt.1 5ou'!e been . . . great help to me; . . . ay I ill repay you.11 My car broke o n near . . . bus stop. %here as . . . man aiting for . . . bus so I

aske him for . . . a !ice.1" (e took . . . 6uick look at my car an sai / '7uy . . . ne . . . .'1& %here as . . . oman there. %he rest ere men. $

%here shoul n't ha!e been e!en . . . oman. It as meant to be . . . stag party.14 on't tell . . . soul9 Aot e!en your ife9 $

@f course not9 I' ne!er tell . . . secret to . . . oman.1* Most of the staff ha been there for only . . . !ery short time/ but . . . man ha been

there . . . year an . . . half/ so he kne . . . little more than the rest.1+ Foul you len me . . . ictionary/ please2 I'm trying to o . . . cross or pu??le. $

I'm afrai I'!e only got . . . ictionary/ an %om's borro e it.1 . . . chop on't be enough for %om; he'll ant t o; he's . . . small man but he's got . . .

big appetite.10 1 ant . . . !olunteers for . . . angerous

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1 may for possibility rarely begins a sentence. Instea e use do you think CthatD H present future or is H sub

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accor ing to the rule for or inary !erbs/ i.e. ith do.8ometimes either form is possible.

Make the sentences CaD negati!e an CbD interrogati!e/ using o oes i .1 %hey ha!e eggs for breakfast.

" (e nee s a ne coat.& (e use to sell fruit.4 %hey ha!e to ork har .* 8he oes the house ork.+ (e nee s more money. (e ha a ro ith his boss.0 8he ha a heart attack.3 (er hair nee e cutting.1 (e oes his home ork after supper.11 8he has a singing lesson e!ery eek.1" 8he ha to make a speech.1& (e oes his best.14 (e has to get up at si, e!ery ay.1* %he chil ren ha!e inner at school.1+ 8he are him to climb it.1 5ou i it on purpose.10 (e has his piano tune regularly/ (see 119)13 (e ares to say that9" %hey ha a goo time."1 %he rink i him goo ."" My atch nee s cleaning."& (e ha an acci ent."4 5ou ha your house painte ."* 8he use to make her o n clothes."+ 5ou o the e,ercises." (e ha ifficulty CinD getting a

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3 (e nee n't pay at once.1 (e hopes that %om ill be there. C(e hope . . .D11 (o much oes this cost21" (e says that >nn may be there. C(e sai . . D1& (o ol is he214 o you see any ifference21* I o hat I can.1+ (o far can you s im21 I must change my shoes.10 %om ares not complain.13 I on't are CtoD touch it." (a!e you time to o it2"1 >re you frightene 2"" Must you pay for it yourself2"& %he letter nee n't be type ."4 #e hope that he'll come. C#e hope . . .D"* (e says that she may not be in time. C(e sai that she . . .D"+ o you un erstan hat he is saying2 I on't." %here are acci ents e!ery ay at these crossroa s."0 8he thinks that it may cost :1 . C8he thought that it . . .D"3 oesn't Mr Pitt kno your a ress2& %hey aren't e,pecting me/ are they2&1 (e thinks that the snakes may be angerous/ (see 28)&" 8he ants to kno if she can borro the car. C8he ante to kno if...D&& Fan't you manage on :1 a eek2&4 %om is certain that he ill in.&* Fan you rea the notice2 Ao/ I can't.&+ I on't think that the bull ill attack us.

Auxiliary verbs PEG 1 0

>ns er the follo ing 6uestions CaD in the affirmati!e CbD in the negati!e/ in each caserepeating the au,iliary an using a pronoun as sub

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Must you go20 >re you en to the follo ing remarks using (and) so H the noun pronoun in brackets Hthe au,iliary. If there is an au,iliary in the first remark repeat this; if not use do/does/did . (e li!es in )on on. CID (e li!es in )on on and so do 1. (e ha to ait. CyouD (e ha to ait and so had you.1 I ha!e rea it. C ohnD" (e is a riter/ CsheD& %om can speak #elsh/ Chis ifeD4 8he ought to get up. CyouD* I shoul be earing a seat belt. CyouD+ ohn ill be there. C%omD %he first bus as full. Cthe secon D0 I bought a ticket/ Cmy brotherD3 5ou must come. Cyour sonD1 %his bus goes to Picca illy. CthatD

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11 I'm getting out at the ne,t stop. Cmy frien D1" (e use to ork in a restaurant. C1D

Part 2 > to the follo ing remarks using Can D neither nor H the au,iliary H thenoun pronoun in brackets. (e isn't back. CsheD (e isn't back and neither is she.1& I ha!en't seen it. C%omD14 5ou shoul n't be atching %K. C%omD1* 5ou mustn't be late. C1D1+ (e can't come. Chis sisterD1 I on't belie!e it. C>nnD10 >lice coul n't un erstan . C>n re D13 I'm not going/ CyouD" %his telephone oesn't ork. CthatD"1 %om's car on't start. CmineD"" I ha n't any change. Cthe ta,i ri!erD"& (e i n't kno the ay. Canyone elseD"4 My father oul n't min . Cmy motherD

Part 3 Fontrary a itions.> to the follo ing remarks using but H noun pronoun H the au,iliary or do/does/did. Make a negati!e a ition to an affirmati!e remark 8he thanke me. CheD 8he thanke me $ut he didn"t.Make an affirmati!e a ition to a negati!e remark 8he can't eat oysters. CID 8he can't eat oysters $ut I #an.Jse nee n't as the negati!e of must/ an must as the affirmati!e of nee n't."* ohn as seasick. CMaryD"+ (e asn't there/ CsheD" 5ou must go. Cyour brotherD"0 My sister can speak German. CID"3 >le,an er i n't ant to ait. C amesD& 7ill nee n't stay. C8tanleyD&1 > cat oul n't eat it. Ca ogD&" (e ill engreements ith affirmati!e remarks.>gree ith the follo ing remarks/ using yes/so H pronoun H the au,iliary or do/does/did .%o e,press surprise/ use @h/ so . . . (e has a goo influence on her. - Yes, he has.

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1 #e must ha!e a large room." I as !ery ru e.& 8he al ays ears ark glasses.4 8he may be a spy.* %om coul tell us here to go.+ %here's a snake in that basket. (e nee s si, bottles.0 %his boat is leaking93 (is re!ol!er as loa e .1 %his restaurant might be e,pensi!e.11 %hey use to ha!e a parrot.1" %he fog is getting thicker.

Part 2 >greements ith negati!e remarks. >gree ith the follo ing remarks/using no H pronoun H the au,iliary. Elephants ne!er forget. $ !o, they don"t.1& Fuckoos on't buil nests.14 (e i n't complain.1* It isn't orth keeping.1+ (e can't help coughing.1 %he ice asn't thick enough.10 %he lift oul n't come o n.13 %his flat hasn't got !ery thick alls." %hey on't ha!e earth6uakes there."1 %he oranges i n't look !ery goo ."" It hasn't been a ba summer."& I on't look my age."4 (e mightn't like that colour.

Part 3 isagreements ith affirmati!e or negati!e remarks. isagree iththe follo ing remarks/ using oh no/but H pronoun H au,iliary. Jse a negati!e au,iliaryif the first !erb is affirmati!e an an affirmati!e au,iliary if the first !erb is negati!e.

(e on't be any use. $ (Oh) yes, he will. 8he orke here for a year. - (Oh) no, she didn"t."* 5ou're runk.

"+ I i n't o it on purpose." %hey eren't in your ay."0 I asn't born then."3 8he' rather li!e alone.& 5ou ga!e him my a ress.&1 I can use your bicycle.&" %hat fi!e poun note belongs to me.&& (e i n't mean to be ru e.&4 Fhil ren get too much pocket money.

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&* E,ams shoul be abolishe .&+ 8he promise to obey him.

Question tags after negative statements !" ##$

> 6uestion tags to the follo ing statements. 7ill oesn't kno >nn. %ill doesn"t know &nn, does he' >nn hasn't got a phone. &nn hasn "t got a phone, has she'

this/that Csubnn on the phone." 5ou i n't o it on purpose."1 %his on't take long.

"" 8he oesn't belie!e you."& It i n't matter !ery much."4 (e shoul n't put so much salt in it."* Mary coul n't lea!e the chil ren alone."+ 5ou aren't oing anything tonight." 5ou oul n't min helping me ith this."0 George ha n't been there before."3 %he chil ren eren't surprise .

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& 5ou oul n't like another rink.&1 %om oesn't ha!e to go to lectures.&" 7ill hasn't got a car.&& 7ill coul n't ha!e pre!ente it.&4 I nee n't ait any longer.&* %here eren't any mos6uitoes.&+ %he fire asn't starte eliberately.

Question tags after affirmative statements !" ##$

> 6uestion tags to the follo ing statements %om goes to 7ath 6uite often/ doesn "t he' (e tol you about his last trip/ didn "t he' It as !ery col last night/ wasn "t it'

7e careful of the contractions 's an 'd: (e's rea y/ isn "t he' (e's finishe / hasn "t he' (e' seen it/ hadn"t he' (e' like it/ wouldn"t he'

%hese shoul be practise mainly ith a statement intonation/ but they coul also be saiith a 6uestion intonation. 8ee notes to pre!ious e,ercise.

1 %he chil ren can rea =rench." (e's ten years ol .& 7ill came on a bicycle.

4 %he 8miths ha!e got t o cars.* 5our gran father as a millionaire.+ %om shoul try again. It coul be one.0 5our brother's here.3 %hat's him o!er there.1 George can lea!e his case here.11 %his ill fit in your pocket.1" (is ife has hea aches 6uite often.1& 8he's got lo!ely blue eyes.14 %he t ins arri!e last night.

1* Mary paints portraits.1+ 7ill puts the money in the bank.1 7ill put the money in the bank.10 Prices keep going up.13 I'!e seen you before." 7ill's ritten a no!el."1 (is mother's !ery prou of him."" %he t ins use to play rugby."& %om might be at home no .

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"4 #e must hurry."* 5ou' been there before."+ 5ou' like a rink." %he boys prefer a cooke breakfast."0 Mary ought to cook it for them."3 %hat as >nn on the phone.& %he 8miths nee t o cars.&1 5ou'll help me.&" (e use to eat ra fish.&& %here'11 be plenty for e!eryone.&4 5ou' better ait for 7ill.&* 5ou' come if I nee e help.&+ 5ou coul come at short notice.

Question tags: mixed PEG 11

8ee notes to E,ercises 1" an 1&. Aote that a statement containing or s such as none, nobody, hardly/hardly any etc. istreate as a negati!e statement (e har ly e!er makes a mistake/ oes he2#hen the sub 6uestion tags to the follo ing statements.

1 5ou take sugar in tea." 7ut you on't take it in coffee.& %he lift isn't orking to ay.4 It ne!er orks !ery ell.* %he area as e!acuate at once.+ %here as no panic. %hough e!erybo y reali?e the anger.0 %here as a lot of noise.3 7ut nobo y complaine .1 Mary har ly e!er cooks.11 8he buys con!enience foo s.1" 8he' sa!e money if she bought fresh foo .1& Mr 8mith usually remembere his ife's birth ays.14 7ut he i n't remember this one.1* >n his ife as !ery isappointe .1+ (e ought to ha!e ma e a note of it.1 Aeither of them offere to help you.10 %hey on't allo pet ogs in this shop.13 7ut gui e ogs can come in." (e har ly e!er lea!es the house."1 %hat isn't 7ill ri!ing.

1+

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"0 5ou . . . (re+uest) get me some aspirin hen you're at the chemist's.

have: possessive PEG 1""

In 7ritish English/ ha!e meaning possess is not normally con

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10 %hat cup . . . a crack in it.13 5ou . . . any suspicion ho i it2" %his esk . . . a secret ra er2 $

Ao/ mo ern esks e!er . . . secret ra ers. (negati*e)"1 #hen you go to a place for the first time/ you e!er . . . a feeling that you'!e been there

before2"" 7abies . . . teeth hen they're born2"& (o many si es . . . a pentagon2"4 @ur cat . . . kittens e!ery year. $

(o many she . . . each time2"* %hey say that if chil ren . . . complete free om hen they are young/ they . . .

inhibitions hen they gro up. (2nd *er$ negati*e)"+ 5ou . . . mos6uitoes in your country in summer2" 5ou . . . chil ren2$

5es/ I . . . t o/ a boy an a girl."0 5ou . . . a motor cycle2 $

Ao/ I only . . . an or inary bicycle/ but I . . . a motor cycle ne,t year."3 #hy o you su enly ant to back out2 5ou . . . col feet2& Fustomer 5ou . . . any mushrooms to ay2

8hopkeeper #e usually . . . them but I'm afrai e . . . any at the moment. (last *er$ negati*e)&1 I think I kno the man you mean. (e . . . one blue eye an one bro n one2 (negati*e)&" Fhil ren no a ays . . . far too much pocket money. I . . . any hen I as at school.

(2nd *er$ negati*e)&& #e ere al ays getting lost in the esert. $

5ou . . . compasses2 (negati*e)&4 e -haire people al ays . . . ba tempers2&* o you think e shoul eat this meat2 It . . . a !ery nice smell. (negati*e)

&+ %he stairs are on fire9 5ou . . . a long rope2

have: various usesPEG 1"&

have can mean ta!e Ca meal lesson bath/ etc.D/ entertain CguestsD/encounter C ifficulty/etc.D/ en"oy Ca time

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#hat time you . . . breakfast2 $#e usually . . . it at 0. .

0 #hat you . . . for breakfast2 $#e . . . toast an coffee.

3 #hy you . . . a cooke breakfast2 (negati*e) It's too much trouble.

1 #hy ere they making such a noise2 -%hey . . . an argument.

11 5ou . . . a thun erstorm yester ay21" Fome in/ e . . . a ebate.1& 5ou . . . a cup of coffee2 $

5es/ please.14 #e . . . a meeting tomorro to iscuss safety precautions.1* %he tree

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PEG 113Part I =ill in the spaces by inserting the correct form of have . Jse am/is/are havin asa future form. Cget can be use instea of ha!e/ but is more collo6uial.D

1 I . . . my house painte . %hat is hy there is all this mess." My hair looks rea ful; I think I . . . it set tomorro .& %he attic as ark so last year e . . . skylight put in.4 %hat ea tree is angerous. I . . . it cut o n tomorro .* #e . . .

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&1 %hey are employin builders to buil a garage.&" I pay a %indo% cleaner to clean my in o s e!ery month.&& I ent to an oculist an he teste my eyes for me.&4 %he ol gypsy is telling %om's fortune. %om . . .&* I as!ed the $ishmon er to open the oysters $or me.&+ I %ent to a "e%eller and he pierce my ears $or me.

bePEG 11&-1 / "3 / "3&/ & / & "

%his is a general e,ercise hich inclu es infiniti!es/ sub

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"1 (e . . . here by se!en but no it's nine an there's no sign of him. CbeD"" %hey eci e that !oting papers . . . to all members. Csen D"& %here . . . eggs for breakfast tomorro 2"4 If only 1... there9 C7ut I asn't.D"* %he Bueen . . . the ne hospital ne,t eek. CopenD"+ I coul n't see the man ho as gui ing us an I i n't kno here e . . . CtakeD" It . . . a trilogy but in the en the author foun that he ha only enough material for

t o !olumes/ CbeD"0 5ou . . . !ery angry if I refuse 2"3 %he matter . . . iscusse in tomorro 's ebate.& (is mare . . . in tomorro 's race but he sai this morning that she as sick an

oul n't be running after all. CrunD&1 %he house asn't rea y; it still . . . an there ere pots of paint an la ers e!ery here/

CpaintD&" %hey eci e that an e,purgate e ition . . . for use in schools. CprintD&& (is orks are immensely popular; they . . . into all the mas... ... sunny she eci e to take the chil ren to the sea.+ #hy on't you go for a alk2 . . . . . . a pity to stay in hen . . . . . . so nice outsi e. ... ... not any sha o s because ... ... not any sun.0 ... ... going to be a bus strike tomorro . $

... ... ...all right if ... ... a fine ay; but if ... ... et

... ... ... long 6ueues on the Jn ergroun .3 ... ... not any glass in the in o s; that is hy . . . . . . so col in the room.1 ... ... !ery et yester ay; ... ... impossible to go out.11 ... ...a lot of rain last eek. ... ... floo s e!ery here.1" ... ...a thick fog last night. ... ... se!eral acci ents on the motor ay.1& ... ... foolish to ri!e fast hen ... ... foggy.14 ... ... ifficult to fin your ay roun this to n. . . . . . . so many streets all looking

e,actly alike.1* Fome on/ chil ren9 ... ... time to get up9 ... ... nearly breakfast time.

"4

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1+ . .. . .. ... lunch time hen e get to 5ork/ so let's ha!e lunch there.$ Ao/ ... ... not be time for lunch because our train to E inburgh lea!es 5ork at 1&.1*.1 ... ...a funny smell here. ... ... turpentine210 ... ...all sorts of stories about obin (oo / but ... ... not kno n e,actly ho he as or

hat he i .13 ... ... sai that if you break a mirror you'll be unlucky for se!en years." >s he ha !ery ba sight ... ... ifficult for him to recogni?e people."1 'Fan I ha!e a elegraph, please2' sai the customer.

I'm afrai ... . .. not any left/' sai the ne sagent. '7ut . . . . . . a uardian on the rack besi e you. #hy not take that2 ... ...

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=ill the follo ing spaces/ using can for present/ could for past an shall/%ill be able forfuture. %here is no nee to use other able form in this section. Put to here necessary

before the infiniti!es.

1 . . . you stan on your hea 2 # I . . . hen I as at school but I . . . no . (2nd *er$ negati*e)

2 #hen I'!e passe my ri!ing test I . . . hire a car from our local garage.& >t the en of the month the Post @ffice ill sen him an enormous telephone bill hich

he . . . pay. (negati*e)4 I . . . remember the a ress/ (negati*e)

. . . you e!en remember the street2 (negati*e)* #hen the fog lifts e . . . see here e are. .+ 5ou'!e put too much in your rucksack; you ne!er . . . carry all that. #hen I as a chil I . . . un erstan a ults/ an no that I am an a ult I . . . un erstan

chil ren/ (negati*e, negati*e)0 #hen you ha!e taken your egree you . . . put letters after your name23 on't try to look at all the pictures in the gallery. @ther ise hen you get home you . . .

remember any of them. (negati*e)1 #hen I first ent to 8pain I . . . rea 8panish but I . . . speak it. (2nd *er$ negati*e) 11 ...you type2$

5es/ I . . . type but I . . . o shorthan / (2nd *er$ negati*e)1" I'm locke in. I . . . get out9 (negati*e)

. . . you s6uee?e bet een the bars2 (negati*e) Ao9 I . . .; I'm too fat. (negati*e)

Part 2 could an as ableIn some of the follo ing sentences either could or %as able coul be use . In others only

%as/%ere able is possible. =ill the spaces an put to here necessary before theinfiniti!es.

1& (e as !ery strong; he . . . ski all ay an ance all night.14 %he car plunge into the ri!er. %he ri!er . . . get out but the passengers ere

ro ne .1* I as a long ay from the stage. I . . . see all right but I . . . hear !ery ell.

(2nd *er$ negati*e)1+ #e . . . borro umbrellas; so e i n't get et.1 . . . you alk or i they ha!e to carry you210 I ha no key so I . . . lock the oor. (negati*e)13 I kne the to n so I . . . a !ise him here to go." #hen the garage ha repaire our car e . . . continue our

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%his section inclu es e,amples of could use for polite re6uests an as a con itional.

"* . . . I speak to Mr Pitt/ please2$I'm afrai he's out at the moment. . . . you ring back later2

"+ If you stoo on my shoul ers . . . you reach the top of the all2 $ Ao/ I'm afrai I . . . (negati*e)

" If I sang . . . you accompany me on the piano2$ Ao/ 1.../ 1... play the piano9 (negati*e, negati*e)

"0 If a letter comes for me . . . you please for ar it to this a ress2"3 8he ma e the all !ery high so that boys . . . climb o!er it. (negati*e)& %hey took his passport so that he . . . lea!e the country/ (negati*e)&1 . . . you tell me the time/ please2 $

I'm afrai 1. . . . I ha!en't got a atch. (negati*e)&" If you ha to/ . . . you go ithout foo for a eek2$

I suppose I . . . if I ha plenty of ater.&& . . . you len me :*2 $

Ao/ I . . . (negati*e)&4 %hey use to chain !aluable books to library esks so that people . . . take them a ay.

(negati*e)&* (e says that he sa Flementine ro ning but . . . help her as he . . . s im.

(negati*e, negati*e)&+ If you ha ha the right tools . . . you ha!e repaire the engine2

may PEG 1" -&&/ "0*/ "00/ &4

Insert the correct form of may/mi ht e,cept in 1 an &+/ here a be allo%ed form isnecessary.

1 It - . . rain/ you' better take a coat." (e sai that it . . . rain.& #e . . . as ell stay here till the eather impro!es.4 . . . I borro your umbrella2' 5ou . . . tell me9 (I think I ha*e a right to know.)+ Fan i ates . . . not bring te,tbooks into the e,amination room. People con!icte of an offence . . . (ha*e a right to) appeal.0 If he kne our a ress he . . . come an see us.3 . . . I come in2 $

Please o.1 #hen he as a chil he . . . (they let him) o e,actly as he like .11 I think I left my glasses in your office. 5ou . . . ask your secretary to look for them for

me. (re+uest)1" (e . . . be my brother (I admit that he is) but I on't trust him.1& I . . . ne!er see you again.14 (e... be on the ne,t train. #e . . . as ell ait.1* If e got there early e . . . get a goo seat.1+ %he police . . . (ha*e a right to) ask a ri!er to take a breath test.

"

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1 5ou ought to buy no ; prices . . . go up.10 I'll ait a eek so that he . . . ha!e time to think it o!er.13 (e isn't going to eat it; 1... as ell gi!e it to the og." 5ou . . . at least rea the letter. C think you should.)"1 5ou . . . ha!e ritten/ (I am annoyed disappointed that you didn "t.)"" #e' better be early; there . . . be a cro ."& Aobo y kno s ho people first came to these islan s. %hey . . . ha!e saile from

8outh >merica on rafts."4 5ou . . . (ha*e permission to) use my office."* (e sai that e . . . use his office hene!er e like ."+ I on't think I'll succee but I . . . as ell try." 5ou ought to go to his lectures/ you . . . learn something."0 If e can gi!e him a bloo transfusion e . . . be able to sa!e his life."3 % o parallel hite lines in the mi le of the roa mean that you . . . not o!ertake.& If I bought a lottery ticket I . . . in :1/ .&1 If you sai that/ he . . . be !ery offen e .&" I on er hy they i n't go. $

%he eather . . . ha!e been too ba .&& #arning Ao part of this book . . . be repro uce ithout the publisher's permission.&4 (e has refuse / but he . . . change his min if you aske him again.&* . . . I see your passport/ please2&+ (e . . . (negati*e) ri!e since his acci ent. ( hey ha*en"t let him dri*e.)

must and have to PEG 144-*

=ill the spaces in the follo ing sentences by inserting must or the present/ future/ or pastform of have to.

1 8he . . . lea!e home at eight e!ery morning at present." Aotice in a picture gallery Fameras/ sticks an umbrellas . . . be left at the esk.& (e sees !ery ba ly; he . . . ear glasses all the time.4 1... o all the typing at my office.* 5ou . . . rea this book. It's really e,cellent.+ %he chil ren . . . play in the streets till their mothers get home from ork. 8he felt ill an . . . lea!e early.0 Mr Pitt . . . cook his o n meals. (is ife is a ay.3 I ha n't enough money an I . . . pay by che6ue.1 I ne!er remember his a ress; I al ays . . . look it up.11 Employer 5ou . . . come to ork in time.1" If you go to a entist ith a pri!ate practice you . . . pay him 6uite a lot of money.1& =ather to small son 5ou . . . o hat Mummy says.14 My neighbour's chil . . . practise the piano for three hours a ay.1* octor I can't come no .

Faller 5ou . . . come; he's terribly ill.1+ English chil ren . . . stay at school till the age of 1+.1 In my istrict there is no gas lai on. People . . . use electricity for e!erything.10 Aotice abo!e petrol pump >ll engines . . . be s itche off.13 Mother to aughter 5ou . . . come in earlier at night.

"0

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" %he shops here on't eli!er. #e . . . carry e!erything home oursel!es."1 %he buses ere all full; I . . . get a ta,i."" Aotice besi e escalators ogs an push chairs . . . be carrie ."& '>u pair' girls usually . . . o 6uite a lot of house ork."4 %ell her that she . . . be here by si,. I insist on it."* #hen a tyre is puncture the ri!er . . . change the heel."+ Park notice >ll ogs . . . be kept on lea s." 8he . . . learn ho to ri!e hen her local rail ay station is close ."0 ail ay notice Passengers . . . cross the line by the footbri ge."3 I got lost an . . . ask a policeman the ay.& =armers . . . get up early.&1 If you buy that tele!ision set you . . . buy a licence for it.&" #hen I change my

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"4 5ou . . . smoke in a non-smoking compartment."* Police notice Fars . . . be parke here."+ #e . . . open the lion's cage. It is contrary to oo regulations." 5ou . . . make your be . %he mai ill o it."0 I ant this letter type but you . . . o it to ay. %omorro ill o."3 I'll len you the money an you . . . pay me back till ne,t month.& #e . . . climb any higher; e can see !ery ell from here.&1 5ou . . . look un er the be . %here isn't anybo y there.&" 5ou . . . ask a oman her age. It's not polite.&& 5ou'!e gi!en me too much. $

5ou . . . eat it all.&4 #e . . . forget to shut the lift gates.&* Mother to chil 5ou . . . interrupt hen I am speaking.&+ If you ant the time/ pick up the recei!er an ial 0 01; you . . . say anything.

need not and don't have to etc(

PEG 140-*

eplace the or s in bol type by need not/need I 2 etc./ or a negati!e or interrogati!ehave to form. I'!e been in!ite to a e ing; but I can't go. &ill it be necessary for me to sen a

present2 5hall I ha*e to send a present'

1 It isn't necessary $or him to go on orking. (e has alrea y reache retiring age.0-e . . .)

" &as it necessary $or you to ait a long time for your bus2

& It isn't necessary $or me to ater my tomato plants e!ery ay. It %ill be necessary $or them to get up early hen they go out to ork e!ery ay.* #e ha to stop at the frontier but e %ere not re uired to open our cases.+ It asn't necessary to alk. (e took us in his car. (6e . . .) My employer sai / shan't re uire you tomorro .' (You . . . #ome.)0 It is never necessary $or me to ork on 8atur ays.3 #hen I am eighteen I'll be of age. %hen it %on't be necessary to li!e at home if I on't

ant to.1 Ae teacher to his class It isn't necessary $or you to call me '8ir'; call me '7ill'.11 &ill it be necessary $or us to report this acci ent to the police21" #hen you buy something on the installment system you are not re uired to pay the

hole price at once.1& i you kno enough English to ask for your ticket2

It %asn't necessary to say anything. I bought my ticket at a machine.14 It isn't necessary to buy a licence for a bicycle in Englan . (6e . . .)* Is it essential $or you to finish tonight21+ Is it necessary $or people to go e!ery here by boat in Kenice21 &ill it be necessary $or me to sleep un er a mos6uito net210 Most people think that ci!il ser!ants are not re uired to ork !ery har .13 It %asn't necessary to s%im . #e ere able to a e across.

&

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(is ife CbeD !ery please about that.1 I bought t o bottles of milk. $

5ou . . . CbuyD milk; e ha!e heaps in the house.11 I phone you at nine this morning but got no ans er. $

I'm sorry. I . . . CbeD in the gar en.1" I left my bicycle here an no it's gone. $

8omeone . . . Cborro D it.1& #hen she oke up her atch ha !anishe . $

8omeone . . . CstealD it hile she slept.14 I'!e opene another bottle. $

5ou . . . C oD that. #e'!e only nn in the library yester ay. $

5ou . . . CseeD her; she is still abroa .&& (o i he get out of the house2 (e . . . CcomeD o n the stairs for

they ere bla?ing.

&"

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&4 5ou . . . Clen D him your map. (e has one of his o n.&* I spoke in English/ !ery slo ly. $

5ou . . . CspeakD slo ly. (e speaks English !ery fluently.&+ (e as foun unconscious at the foot of the cliff. (e . . . CfallD " metres.

resent and past tenses %he simple present tense

PEG 1 "

ea the follo ing in the thir person singular. o not change the ob

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&1 %hey ress ell.&" 5our chil ren rely on you.&& %hey snatch la ies' han bags.&4 5ou fry e!erything.&* %he ta,es rise e!ery year.&+ %hey o e,ercises e!ery morning.

%he simple present tensePEG 1 "

ea the follo ing CaD in the negati!e CbD in the interrogati!e.In Aos. " an 14/ have is use as an or inary !erb an shoul be treate as one.

1 5ou kno the ans er." (e has breakfast at 0. .& (e lo!es her.4 8ome schoolgirls ear uniforms.

* (e trusts you.+ (e tries har . %he park closes at usk.0 (e misses his mother.3 %he chil ren like s eets.1 (e finishes ork at +. .11 (e li!es besi e the sea.1" (e bullies his sisters.1& %his sto!e heats the ater.14 8he has a cooke breakfast.1* 8he carries a sleeping bag.

1+ (e usually belie!es you.1 8he ances in competitions.10 5ou remember the a ress.13 8he plays chess !ery ell." (e orries about her."1 %hese thie!es ork at night."" (e lea!es home at 0. e!ery ay."& >nn arranges e!erything."4 8he agrees ith you."* %heir ogs bark all night."+ %heir neighbours often complain." %om en

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&+ 8he refuses to iscuss it.

%he present continuous tense PEG 1+4-

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present continuous tense. In Ao. "*/ have is use asan or inary !erb an can therefore be use in the continuous tense.

1 8he Cnot orkD/ she Cs imD in the ri!er." (e CteachD his boy to ri e.& #hy >nn Cnot earD her ne ress24 %he airplane CflyD at "/ metres.* #hat %om C oD no 2 (e CcleanD his shoes.+ %his fire CgoD out. 8omebo y CbringD more coal2 It CrainD2$ 5es/ it CrainD !ery har . 5ou can't go out yet.0 #hy you Cmen D that ol shirt2

3 5ou Cnot tellD the truth. $(o o you kno that I Cnot tellD the truth21 #ho Cmo!eD the furniture about upstairs2 $

It's %om. (e CpaintD the front be room.11 Mrs ones Cs eepD the steps outsi e her house.

1" #hat you Crea D no 2 I Crea D 7rime and unishment.

1& It is a lo!ely ay. %he sun CshineD an the bir s CsingD.

14 8omeone CknockD at the oor. 8hall I ans er it2 $

I CcomeD in a minute. I

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"" #hy you CtypeD so fast2 5ou CmakeD a lot of mistakes."& Mother CrestD no . 8he al ays rests after lunch."4 %hey C igD an enormous hole

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1& I'm busy at the moment. I Cre ecorateD the sitting room.14 %he kettle CboilD no . 8hall I make the tea21* 5ou Cen

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I Ce,pectD that bir s Cbuil D a nest in the chimney. -#hy you Cnot putD ire across the tops of your chimneys2 -%om C oD that sometimes but it Cnot seemD to make any ifference.

%he simple present and the present continuous

PEG 1+4- 4Put the !erbs in brackets into the simple present or present continuous tense.

1 #hat %om CthinkD of the 7u get2 -(e CthinkD it most unfair. $I CagreeD ith him.

" #hat this one CcostD2-It CcostD forty pence.

& 5ou ChearD the in 2 It Cblo D !ery strongly tonight.4 5ou CseeD my car keys any here2 -

Ao/ I ClookD for them but I Cnot seeD them.* (e ne!er ClistenD to hat you say. (e al ays CthinkD about something else.+ %his book is about a man ho C esertD his family an CgoD to li!e on a Pacific islan . 5ou Cun erstan D hat the lecturer is saying2 $

Ao/ I Cnot un erstan D him at all.0 #hat you Cha!eD for breakfast usually2 $

I usually CeatD a carrot an C rinkD a glass of col ater.3 #hen the curtain CriseD e CseeD a group of orkers. %hey CpicketD factory gate.1 #hy you C alkD so fast to ay2 5ou usually C alkD 6uite slo ly. $

I ChurryD because I CmeetD my mother at 4 o'clock an she Cnot likeD to be kept aiting.11 I C ishD that og oul lie o n. (e CkeepD

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Kery ell. (e CseemD to like the life."+ #hy Mrs Pitt ClookD so angry2 $

Mr Pitt CsmokeD a cigarette an C ropD the ash on the carpet." %his is our itinerary. #e Clea!eD home on the 0th/ Carri!eD in Paris on the 3th/ Cspen D

the ay in Paris/ an CsetD out that night for Kenice. $ %hat Csoun D most interesting. 5ou must tell me all about it hen you CgetD back."0 %his story is about a boy ho CmakeD frien s ith a snake hich he Cfin D in his

gar en. %hen he CgoD a ay but he Cnot forgetD the snake an some years later heCreturnD an ClookD for it.

"3 (e Cfin D the snake ho Crecogni?eD its ol frien an CcoilD roun him affectionately.7ut/ unfortunately/ the snake is by no a full-gro n boa-constrictor an its embraceCkillD the poor boy.

& %he snake CfeelD sorry about this2-I Cnot kno D. %he story Cen D there.

&1 (o you Cen D a letter that CbeginD/ ' ear 8ir'2 $I al ays CputD/ '5ours truly'/ but %om CpreferD '5ours faithfully'.

&" #hat the or 'catastrophe' CmeanD2 $It CmeanD ' isaster'.

&& #hat you C aitD for2- I C aitD for the shop to open. - 7ut it Cnot openD till 3. . - I Ckno D but I C antD to be early/ as their sale CstartD to ay.

&4 #hy you CsmokeD a cigar/ Mrs Pitt2 5ou Cnot smokeD cigars as a rule. $ I CsmokeD it because I C antD the ash. %his book CsayD that cigar ash mi,e ith oil

Cremo!eD heat stains from oo .&* #ho Co nD this umbrella2 $

I Cnot kno D. E!erybo y CuseD it but nobo y Ckno D ho Co nD it.&+ 5ou Cmin D if I CaskD you a 6uestion2 $

%hat C epen D on the 6uestion. $It CconcernD your brother. $I CrefuseD to ans er any 6uestion about my brother.

%he simple past tense PEG 1 *-+

Put the !erbs in the follo ing sentences into the simple past tense.

1 I go to ork by bus." I meet her on %ues ays.

& (e al ays ears black.4 I make cakes e!ery eek.* 8he gets up at +.& .+ (e un erstan s me. (e shuts the shop at +. .0 8he speaks slo ly.3 (e lea!es the house at 3. .1 I rea a chapter e!ery night.

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11 5ou eat too much.1" I see him e!ery ay.1& %om sings in the choir.14 (e cries hen he is hurt.1* #ho kno s the ans er21+ I think I kno it.1 %he curtain rises at 0. .10 (e takes the og out t ice a ay.13 #e buy them here." I ream e!ery night."1 7luetits often lay eggs in that nesting bo,."" (e often feels ill."& I kno hat he ants."4 I usually pay him :*."* (is og al ays bites me."+ It smells o ." It costs & p."0 My back hurts."3 I lie o n after lunch.& #e rink ater.&1 (is roses gro ell.&" (e ri es e!ery ay.&& (e often falls off.&4 %hese ogs fight hene!er they meet.&* (e puts up his prices e!ery year.&+ (e sleeps ba ly.

%he simple past tense

PEG 1 *-+ Put the !erbs in the follo ing sentences into CaD the negati!e CbD the interrogati!e.1 8he sa your brother." #e hear a terrible noise.& (e slept till 1 . .4 (e looke at the picture.* %hey rank all the ine.+ %hey set out early enough. 8he thought about it.0 %he police caught the thief.3 (e hi the letter.1 8he foun her atch.11 (is nose ble .1" My mother chose this hotel.1& 8he lent you enough money.14 Oeiko taught apanese.1* %om hurt his foot.1+ (e broke his arm.1 (is ife came at 0. .

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10 (e lost his allet.13 (is son rote a no!el." %hey fle to Ae 5ork."1 >nn re you a map."" %om lai the table."& Mr Pitt fell o nstairs."4 8he lost her ay."* (e forba e her to lea!e."+ I sent it to the laun ry." ack kept the money."0 (e ro e slo ly."3 %hey spent it all.& 8he sol the car.&1 ean rang the bell.&" %he sun rose at +. .&& %he boys ran home.&4 (e shook the bottle.&* (e forga!e her.&+ %hey broa cast an appeal for money.

%he past continuous tense PEG 1 0

Put the !erbs in brackets into the past continuous tense.

1 etecti!e I'm afrai I must ask you both hat you C oD yester ay at 1 ." p.m. Mr I CplayD chess ith my ife. Mr 5 I ClistenD to a play on the ra io." %he chil ren ere frightene because it CgetD ark.& It as a fine ay an the roa s ere cro e because a lot of people CrushD to the

seasi e.4 %he airplane in hich the football team Ctra!elD crashe soon after taking off.* (e usually ears san als but hen I last sa him he C earD boots.+ %he house as in great isor er because he Cre ecorateD it. %he irector i n't allo the actors to tra!el by air hile they C orkD on the film.0 %he car ha nobo y in it but the engine CrunD.3 % o chil ren CplayD on the san an t o fishermen CleanD against an upturne boat.1 I as alone in the house at that time because Mr ones C orkD in the garage an Mrs

ones CshopD.

11 (e sai that he as the captain of a ship hich CsailD that night for Marseilles.1" >re you going to ome2 I thought that you CgoD to Milan.1& My ife an I CtalkD about you the other ay.14 #hen I first met him he Cstu yD painting.1* %here as a strong smell an the soun of frying. @b!iously Mrs ones CcookD fish.1+ %om ate nothing for lunch because he C ietD. (e sai that he CtryD to lose 1 kilos.1 #ho you CtalkD to on the telephone as I came in2

I CtalkD to Mr Pitt.

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1" #hat you CthinkD of his last book2 $I ClikeD it !ery much.

1& I CshareD a flat ith him hen e ere stu ents. (e al ays CcomplainD about myunti iness.

14 (e su enly Creali?eD that he Ctra!elD in the rong irection.1* (e CplayD the guitar outsi e her house hen someone opene the in o an Cthro D

out a bucket of ater.1+ I

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groun an CrunD a ay as fast as he coul .+ %he bull CstopD an CbeginD to attack the umbrella. #hile he C oD this Mr 8mith escape . #hen he Ca akeD she CsitD by the in o . 8he ClookD at something in the street/ but

hen he CcallD her she CturnD an CsmileD at him.0 #hy you CinterruptD me s they C alkD along the roa they ChearD a car coming from behin them. %om CturnD

roun an Chol D up his han . %he car CstopD.1" #hen I Carri!eD at the station Mary C aitD for me. 8he C earD a blue ress an ClookD

!ery pretty. >s soon as she CseeD me she C a!eD an CshoutD something/ but I coul n'thear hat she CsayD because e!erybo y CmakeD such a noise.

1& %he prisoner CescapeD by climbing the all of the gar en here he C orkD. (e C earD blue o!eralls an black shoes.

14 8he sai that the car Ctra!elD at 4 k.p.h. hen it CbeginD to ski .1* 8he sai that she Cnot likeD her present flat an CtryD to fin another.1+ #hile he CmakeD his speech the minister su enly CfeelD faint. 7ut someone CbringD him

a glass of ater an after a fe minutes he Cbe ableD to continue.1 #hen I CseeD him he CpaintD a portrait of his ife. $

5ou ClikeD it2 $(e only

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'5ou CsmokeD hen I CcomeD in2' he CaskD.&1 #hile I Cs imD someone CstealD my clothes an I Cha!e toD alk home in my s imsuit.&" %he men CsayD that they C orkD on the roa outsi e my house and that they C antD

some ater to make tea.&& (e CsayD that he Cbuil D himself a house an that he CthinkD it oul be rea y in t o

years.&4 >t & a.m. Mrs Pitt C akeD her husban an CsayD that she CthinkD that someone CtryD to

get into the house.&* #hy you Clen D him that book2 I still Crea D it. $

I'm sorry. I Cnot kno D that you still Crea D it.&+ I CcomeD in !ery late last night an unfortunately the og C akeD up an CstartD to bark.

%his C akeD my mother ho CcomeD to the top of the stairs an CsayD/ '#ho is there2' I CsayD. It is me/' but she Cnot hearD me because the og CbarkD so lou ly/ so she CgoD

back to her room an CtelephoneD the police.

%he present perfect tense PEG 10"-3

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present perfect tense/ an fill the spaces by repeating theau,iliary.

5ou C ashD the plates2 $ 5es/ I... Have you washed the plates? ~ Yes, I have.

5ou CseeD him lately2 $ Ao/ I... Have you seen him lately?~ No, I haven't.

1 #here you CbeD2 $I CbeD to the entist.

" 5ou Cha!eD breakfast2 $5es/ I...

& %he post CcomeD2 $ 5es/ it . . .4 5ou CseeD my atch any here2 $

Ao/ I'm afrai I . . .* 8omeone C in D the clock2 $

5es/ %om . . .+ I Cnot finishD my letter yet. (e

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1" %he cat CstealD the fish.1& 5ou Ce,plainD the e,ercise2 $

5es/ I...14 %here aren't any buses because the ri!ers CgoD on strike.1* 5ou Cha!eD enough to eat2 $

5es/ I Cha!eD plenty/ thank you.1+ Fharles CpassD his e,am2 $

5es/ he...1 (o many bottles the milkman Clea!eD2 $

(e Clea!eD si,.10 I Cli!eD here for ten years.13 (o long you Ckno D Mr Pitt2 $

I Ckno D him for ten years." #oul you like some coffee2 I

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1 (a!e you oun the clock2 CaD 5es/ I . . . CbD 5es/ I C in D it on Mon ay.

" (a!e you e!er eaten snails2 CaD Ao/ I . . . CbD 5es/ I CeatD some at %om's party last eek.

& (as she fe the og2 CaD 5es/ I think she . . . CbD 5es/ she Cfee D him before lunch.

4 (a!e they repaire the roa 2 CaD Ao/ they . . . CbD %hey only CrepairD part of it so far.

* (a!e they one their home ork2 CaD 5es/ they C oD it all. CbD 5es/ they C oD it before they left school.

+ (a!e you foun the matches2 CaD Ao/ I . . . CbD Ao/ I Cnot fin D them yet.

(a!e you ma e the coffee2 CaD 5es/ I ... CbD I CmakeD some yester ay e can use that.

0 (a!e you been here before2 CaD Ao/ I ...CbD 5es/ I CbeD here se!eral times.

3 (a!e you seen him lately2 CaD Ao/ I . . . CbD Ao/ I Cnot seeD him since Fhristmas.

1 (a!e you been to the opera this CaD 5es/ I . . .eek2

CbD 5es/ I CgoD to ;aust on =ri ay.11 (a!e you e!er ri!en this car2 CaD 5es/ I C ri!eD it once or t ice. CbD 5es/ I C ri!eD it hen you ere a ay.1" (as he misse his train2 CaD Ao/ he ....

CbD 5es/ he . . . It CgoD fi!e minutes ago.1& (a!e they been through

Fustoms2 CaD 5es/ they . . . CbD 5es/ their luggage CbeD e,amine at o!er.14 (as he spoken to her2 CaD 5es/ he . . .

CbD 5es/ he CspeakD to her on =ri ay.1* (a!e you spent all your money2 CaD Ao/ I only Cspen D half of it. CbD 5es/ 1...1+ (o much ha!e you sa!e CaD I Cnot sa!eD anything.

since Fhristmas2 CbD I Csa!eD :&.1 (as his temperature gone o n2 CaD Ao/ it . . .

CbD 5es/ it CgoD o n last night.10 (a!e you seen his gar en2 CaD Ao/ I Cnot seeD it yet.

CbD I CseeD the house on Mon ay but I Cnot seeDthe gar en.

13 (a!e you pai the bill2 CaD 5es/ I... CbD 5es/ I CpayD it hile you ere a ay.

" (a!e you e!er flo n a plane2 CaD Ao/ I . . . CbD 5es/ I CflyD hen I as at uni!ersity.

"1 (as your og e!er bitten anyone2 CaD 5es/ he CbiteD a policeman last eek. CbD 5es/ he CbiteD me t ice.

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"" (a!e you plante your peas2 CaD 5es/ I CplantD them on %ues ay. CbD Ao/ 1... yet."& (as he ritten to the paper2 CaD 5es/ he . . .

CbD 5es/ he C riteD at once.

"4 (a!e you e!er runk !o ka2 CaD Ao/ 1... CbD I C rinkD it once in ussia but I Cnot rinkD it

since. %he present perfect and the simple past

PEG 1 *- /10"-3

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present perfect or the simple past tense. In somesentences the present perfect continuous CPEG 13 D is also possible.

1 %his is my house. $(o long you Cli!eD here2 $I Cli!eD here since 13 .

" (e Cli!eD in )on on for t o years an then CgoD to E inburgh.& 5ou C earD your hair long hen you ere at school2 $ 5es/ my mother CinsistD on it.4 7ut hen I Clea!eD school I CcutD my hair an C earD it short e!er since.* 8hakespeare C riteD a lot of plays.+ My brother C riteD se!eral plays. (e

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"4 I CmeetD him last une."* 5ou CseeD the moon last night2"+ %he concert CbeginD at ".& an ClastD for t o hours. E!eryone Cennn is rea ing it."3 %he actors Carri!eD yester ay an CstartD rehearsals early this morning.& It CbeD !ery col this year. I on er hen it is going to get armer.&1 Fer!antes C riteD on

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#hen that ar CbeginD2 $It CbeginD in 1314 an ClastD for four years.

0 #ho you C!oteD for at the last election2 $I C!oteD for Mr Pitt. $(e Cnot beD electe / CbeD he2 $

Ao/ he CloseD his eposit.3 5ou ClikeD your last

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%he present perfect continuous tensePEG 13 -1

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present perfect continuous tense1 I CmakeD cakes. %hat is hy my han s are all co!ere ith flour.

" (er phone CringD for ten minutes. I on er hy she oesn't ans er it.& (e Co!er orkD. %hat is hy he looks so tire .4 %here is sa ust in your hair. $ I'm not surprise . I CcutD o n a tree.* (a!e you seen my bag any here2 I ClookD for it for ages.+ #hat you C oD2 $ I C orkD in the laboratory. (e Cstu yD ussian for t o years an oesn't e!en kno the alphabet yet.0 (o long you C aitD for me2 $

I C aitD about half an hour.3 It CrainD for t o ays no . %here'11 be a floo soon.1 #e CargueD about this for t o hours no . Perhaps e shoul stop11 I CbatheD. %hat's hy my hair is all et.1" 5ou C ri!eD all ay. )et me ri!e no .1& (o long you C earD glasses214 %he petrol gauge CsayD 'Empty' for 6uite a long time no . on't think e shoul get

some petrol21* I'm sorry for keeping you aiting. I CtryD to make a telephone call ome.1+ 5ou Cnot eatD enough lately. %hat's hy you feel irritable/1 (e CspeakD for an hour no . I e,pect he'll soon be finishe .10 %hat helicopter CflyD roun the house for the last hour; o you think it's taking

photographs213 %he ra io CplayD since a.m. I ish someone oul turn it off." I CshopD all ay an I ha!en't a penny left."1 #e Cli!eD here since 13 ."" I'm on a iet. I CeatD nothing but bananas for the last month."& %he chil ren ClookD for ar to this holi ay for months."4 %hat pipe CleakD for ages. #e must get it men e ."* %om C igD in the gar en all afternoon an I ChelpD him."+ I CaskD you to men that in o for si, eeks. #hen are you going to o it2" 8omeone CuseD my bicycle. %he chain's fallen off."0 (o long you C ri!eD2 $

I C ri!eD for ten years."3 %he trial CgoD on for a long time. I on er hat the !er ict ill be.

& It Csno D for three ays no . %he roa s ill be blocke if it oesn't stop soon.&1 Mary CcryD2 $ Ao/ she Cnot cryD/ she CpeelD onions.

&" %he car CmakeD a !ery curious noise e!er since it ran out of oil.&& (e alke !ery unstea ily up the stairs an his ife sai / '5ou C rinkD9'&4 5our fingers are !ery bro n. 5ou CsmokeD too much.&* 5ou usually kno hen someone CeatD garlic.&+ E!er since he came to us that man CtryD to make trouble.

*"

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%he present perfect and the present perfect continuous PEG 131-"

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.CIn some cases either coul be use .D

1 #e C alkD ten kilometres." #e C alkD for three hours.& 5ou C alkD too fast. %hat's hy you are tire .4 I CmakeD sausage rolls for the party all the morning.* (o many you CmakeD2 $

I CmakeD " .+ %hat boy CeatD se!en ice-creams. (e Cnot stopD eating since he arri!e .0 %he ri!er C rinkD. I think someone else ought to ri!e.3 I CpullD up 1 an elions.1 I CpullD up an elions all ay.11 #hat you C oD2 $

#e CpickD apples.1" (o many you CpickD2 $

#e CpickD ten basketfuls.1& I CsleepD on e!ery be in this house an I on't like any of them.14 (e CsleepD since ten o'clock. It's time he oke up.1* (e Cri eD; that's hy he is earing breeches.1+ I Cri eD all the horses in this stable.1 #hat a lo!ely smell9 $

Mary CmakeD

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ChelpD him ith his e,am paper or he ChelpD you2&+ #hy you CmakeD such a horrible noise2 $

I CloseD my key an I CtryD to ake my ife by thro ing stones at he in o . $5ou Cthro D stones at the rong in o . 5ou li!e ne,t oor.

for and since PEG 10

=ill the spaces in the follo ing sentences by using $or or since .1 #e'!e been fishing . . . t o hours." I'!e been orking in this office . . . a month.& %hey'!e been li!ing in =rance . . . 13 .4 (e has been in prison . . . a year.* I'!e kno n that . . . a long time.+ %hat man has been stan ing there . . . si, o'clock. 8he has ri!en the same car . . . 13 *.0 %hings ha!e change . . . I as a girl.

3 %he kettle has been boiling . . . a 6uarter of an hour.1 %he central heating has been on . . . @ctober.11 %hat trunk has been in the hall . . . a year.1" (e has been !ery ill . . . the last month.1& I'!e been using this machine . . . t el!e years.14 #e'!e been aiting . . . half an hour.1* Mr Pitt has been in hospital . . . his acci ent.1+ (e hasn't spoken to me . . . the last committee meeting.1 I ha!e been !ery patient ith you . . . se!eral years.10 %hey ha!e been on strike . . . Ao!ember.13 %he strike has laste . . . si, months.

" It has been !ery foggy . . . early morning."1 %hey ha!e been 6uarrelling e!er . . . they got marrie ."" I'!e been a ake . . . four o'clock."& I'!e been a ake . . . a long time."4 #e'!e ha no gas . . . the strike began."* I'!e earne my o n li!ing . . . I left school."+ Aobo y has seen him . . . last eek." %he police ha!e been looking for me . . . four ays."0 I ha!en't orn lo -heele shoes . . . I as at school."3 (e ha a ba fall last eek an . . . then he hasn't left the house.& (e has been un er ater . . . half an hour.&1 %hat tree has been there . . . "/ years.&" (e has been Minister of E ucation . . . 130&.&& I'!e been trying to open this oor . . . forty-fi!e minutes.&4 (e hasn't eaten anything . . . t enty-four hours.&* #e'!e ha terrible eather . . . the last month.&+ Aobo y has come to see us . . . e bought these bloo houn s.

)uture forms

*4

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%he present continuous tense as a future form PEG " "

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present continuous tense.1 %hey are going to rill for oil here. %hey CstartD on Mon ay.

" My uncle CmakeD a speech on =ri ay.& I CtakeD my sister to the ballet tomorro .4 8he CcallD for me at si,.* (e CplayD at #imble on ne,t summer.+ I CmeetD her at the station at ten. %he sales Cnot startD till Mon ay.0 (o you CgetD to the party tomorro 2 $

I CgoD by car. $#ho C ri!eD2

3 %he piano tuner CcomeD this afternoon.1 5ou Cgi!eD him anything for his birth ay2 $

5es/ I Cgi!eD him a ictionary.11 %he in o s CbeD cleane to ay. %hen e'll be able to see out.1" 8he CcomeD out of hospital ne,t eek.1& #e Cha!eD inner early tonight as e CgoD to the theatre.14 #here you CgoD for your holi ays this year2 $

I CgoD to (ollan .1* (e Cnot gi!eD a lecture tonight.1+ I Cha!eD my photograph taken tomorro .1 I CbuyD her a burglar alarm for a e ing present.10 %he elections CbeD hel ne,t eek.13 I Cha!eD lunch ith my aunt on %hurs ay." %he committee CmeetD ne,t #e nes ay.

"1 My gran parents CcelebrateD their gol en e ing ne,t eek."" I Clen D him my car for his holi ays."& %he strikers CreturnD to ork ne,t eek."4 8mith's CopenD a ne branch in this street in uly."* #e'!e bought a ne house an Cmo!eD in !ery soon."+ I Cnot takeD up merican cousins ne,t year.

**

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%he be going to form PEG " &/" +

Put the !erbs in brackets into the be oin to form.1 5ou CmissD your train.

" %he pressure cooker Ce,plo eD.& #hen you CpayD the bill24 8he C yeD the ol curtains blue.* #e CmakeD this hisky bottle into a lamp.+ #hat you C oD ith this room2 $I CpaintD the alls in black an hite stripes. %he umpire Cblo D his histle.0 5ou CeatD all that23 %hat man ith the tomato in his han Cthro D it at the speaker.1 %hat oor CslamD.11 %he bull CattackDus.1" It CrainD. )ook at those clou s.1& %he cat Cha!eD kittens.14 %he men in the helicopter CtryD to rescue the man in the ater.1* %hat ri er CfallD off.1+ %hese t o men CcycleD across >frica.1 %he )or Mayor is stan ing up. (e CmakeD a speech.10 (e Cgro D a bear hen he lea!es school.13 %his aeroplane CcrashD." I CstopD here for a moment to get some petrol."1 5ou CaskD him to help you2"" I'!e lent you my car once. I Cnot oD it again."& I ha!e seen the play. Ao I Crea D the book.

"4 8mall boy I CbeD a frogman hen I gro up."* I Cnot sleepD in this room. It is haunte ."+ #e CbuyD a metal etector an look for burie treasure." 5ou Creser!eD a seat2"0 I CplantD an oak tree here."3 %he og CburyD the bone.& I Cha!eD a bath.&1 I CsmuggleD this out of the country/&" %here as !ery little blossom this spring. >pples CbeD scarce.&& I on't like this macaroni. I Cnot finishD it.&4 I Cnot stayD here another minute.&* %hey CtryD him for manslaughter hen he comes out of hospital.&+ #e CmakeD a lot of money out of this.

%he present continuous and the be going to form PEG " "-+

Planne future actions can be e,presse by the present continuous tense ith a timee,pression or by the be oin to form ith or ithout a time e,pression. %he present

*+

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continuous is mainly use for !ery efinite arrangements in the near future. %he be goingto form can be use more i ely.Jse the present continuous here possible in the follo ing sentences an put theremaining !erbs into the be oin to form.

1 I CplayD bri ge tonight ith %om an >nn." (e Cha!eD an operation ne,t eek.& It's !ery col . I ClightD a fire.4 #e Cha!eD some frien s to lunch tomorro .* I'!e bought a piano; it CbeD eli!ere this afternoon. $

#here you CputD it2 $I CputD it in the ining room.

+ 5ou CgoD to the auction tomorro 2 $5es/ I CgoD but I Cnot buyD anything.

I'!e remin e you once; I Cnot oD it again.0 I Cha!eD my hair cut this afternoon.3 My nephe CcomeD to stay ith me ne,t eeken . $

#here you CputD him2 $I CputD him in the room in the to er.

1 @ur class CstartD German ne,t term.11 I Cspen D a fe ays in )on on ne,t eek.1" %he %o n Founcil Cbuil D a ne school here.1& #hat you CtellD the police2 $

I CtellD them the truth.14 (e CstartD tomorro .1* %he Bueen CopenD Parliament ne,t month.1+ %he Prime Minister CspeakD on %K tonight.1 %his shop CcloseD o n ne,t eek.

10 #hen you Cha!eD your ne,t lesson2 $I Cha!eD it on Mon ay.

13 I CcollectD my ne ress this afternoon." #e CtakeD the chil ren to the seasi e this summer."1 I Cgi!eD him a football for his ne,t birth ay."" 8he CsingD in her first big concert ne,t month. (e CgoD to 8pain for his holi ays. $ (e CflyD2 $ Ao/ he CgoD by boat."4 8he CseeD a specialist ne,t eek."* (e C ashD the car2

"+ (e CringD me up tonight." %he inspector CaskD you a fe 6uestions."0 (er parents Cgi!eD a party for her ne,t month. %hey Cin!iteD si,ty guests."3 (a!e you got a ticket for the big match on 8atur ay2 $ Ao/ I on't e!en kno ho CplayD. $

=rance CplayD Englan .& %hey ClaunchD a ship this afternoon. 5ou CcomeD to see it2&1 #hat you C oD ith the money2&" I CpickD you up at +.& ; on't forget.

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&& #here you CgoD tonight2 $ I CgoD out ith Peter. (e CcallD for me at eight.

&4 I CcompeteD in the bicycle race tomorro .&* Mr Pitt has

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(e Cnot sayD much but he not Clen D me the car again.

%he present continuous and the future simple PEG " "/ " -3

Put the !erbs in brackets into the present continuous or the future simple using the present continuous here possible.

C%he be oin to form coul be use here instea of the present continuous/ but for thesake of simplicity stu ents are a !ise to use only the t o tenses first mentione .D

1 I am sure that I Crecogni?eD him." I CseeD her tomorro .& (e CplayD in a tennis match on =ri ay.4 8he CcomeD back on Mon ay.* I CgoD again ne,t year.+ #e Ckno D tonight. 5ou pay an I Co eD you the money.

0 I Cbelie!eD it hen I see it.3 I Cha!eD my car repainte ne,t eek.1 I hope that you Cha!eD a goo time tomorro .11 (is speech CbeD broa cast tonight.1" %he in o -cleaner CcomeD at eight tomorro .1& %om CcatchD the .4 train .14 #here you CmeetD them2$

I CmeetD them at mi night in the mi le of the oo .1* #hat horse you Cri eD tomorro 21+ )ook9 I'!e broken the teapot. #hat Mrs Pitt CsayD2 $

8he Cnot min D; she ne!er like that one.1 I'!e left the light on. It CmatterD210 (e Cnot forgetD to come.13 (e Clea!eD in a fe ays." I CrememberD it."1 If you rop that bottle it CbreakD."" I ne!er Cforgi!eD him."& I'm sure that you ClikeD him."4 %hey ClayD the foun ations ne,t eek."* 5ou CseeD a signpost at the en of the roa ."+ (e has cut my hair too short. $

on't orry; it Cgro D again !ery 6uickly." 5ou Cun erstan D hen you are ol er."0 %he cat CscratchD you if you pull its tail."3 I CbeD back at 0.& .& If he oesn't ork har he Cnot passD his e,am.&1 8he CgoD on a cruise ne,t summer.&" I Cmo!eD to a ne flat ne,t eek.&& I am sorry that the chil sa the acci ent. $

I on't think it matters. (e soon CforgetD all about it.&4 I C aitD here till he comes back.

*3

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&* (e Cnot riteD to you unless you rite to him.&+ %here CbeD a big meeting here tomorro .

will & infinitive and the be going to form PEG " 1/" &-+

=uture ith intention can usually be e,presse by ill H infiniti!e or the be going to form.Kery often either of these can be use / but hen the intention is clearly preme itate the

be going to form must be use / an hen the intention is clearly unpreme itate e mustlist' ill H infiniti!e.Put the !erbs in brackets into one of these t o forms. CIn some of the e,amples the

present continuous coul be use instea of the be going to form.D

1 %he fire has gone out9 $8o it has. I CgoD an get some sticks.

" i you remember to book seats2 $@h no/ I forgot. I CtelephoneD for them no .

& (e has

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(e CtakeD a group photo." My brother has merica. $

@h goo / e CaskD him to our ne,t party."1 #hy ha!e you set your alarm to go off at fi!e-thirty2 $

7ecause I CgetD up then. I'!e got a lot to o."" I'm turning this cupboar into a arkroom. I C e!elopD my o n films."& 5ou look fro?en. 8it o n by the fire an I CmakeD you a cup of tea."4 %hey'!e brought a rope an they Cto D the car to a garage."* I ha!en't bought any cigarettes because I Cgi!eD up smoking."+ I ha!e trie to e,plain but she oesn't un erstan English. $

I CsayD it to her in =innish perhaps she'll un erstan that." I'!e come out ithout any money. $

Ae!er min / I Clen D you some. (o much o you ant2"0 o you see that car2 %hey CraffleD it for charity."3 %hey'!e hire a bull o?er. %hey CclearD a ay this rubble.& Fhil I'!e torn my ress.

Mother I Cmen D it for you.&1 I'm catching the +.& train. $

8o am I. I Cgi!eD you a lift to the station.&" I'!e bought some blue !el!et an I CmakeD curtains for this room.&& #hy are you carrying that sa 2 $ I CshortenD the legs of the ining room table.&4 #hy are you taking that big basket2 $ I CbuyD a lot of !egetables.&* I'!e planne my future for the ne,t ten years. $

%hat is !ery cle!er of you. #hat you C oD hen you lea!e the uni!ersity2&+ #hy are you putting that ol loaf into a paper bag2 $

I Cgi!eD it to Mrs Pitt for her hens.

will &infinitive and the be going to form PEG " *

7oth %ill you an are you oin to can intro uce 6uestions about future intentions. 7ut %ill you !ery often intro uces a re6uest or in!itation. =or this reason are you oin to ismore usual than %ill you in 6uestions about intentions/ are you oin to must of course

be use hen the intention is ob!iously preme itate . C8ee also E,ercise **.D

Put the !erbs in brackets into one of these t o forms. #here both are possible it ill benote in the key. CIn some e,amples the present continuous tense coul be use instea ofthe be oin to form.D %he e,ercise contains re6uests/ in!itations/ an 6uestions about

intentions.

1 5ou CopenD the oor for me/ please2 $5es/ certainly.

" 5ou C oD the ashing-up tonight2 $ Ao/ I think it can ait till tomorro .

& I'm looking for my easel. $ 5ou CpaintD someone's portrait2

+1

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4 '5ou Crea D this passage alou / please/' sai the e,aminer.* 5ou CeatD any more of this/ or shall I tell the aiter to take it a ay2+ 5ou aren't earing your climbing boots. 5ou Cnot climbD the mountain ith the others2 '5ou ClistenD to me9' sai his mother angrily.0 5ou CputD my car a ay from me/ please2 $

5es/ certainly.3 5ou Cha!eD another cup of coffee2 $

Ao/ thank you.1 #hy i you buy all these eggs2 5ou CmakeD an enormous omelette211 %here's the phone again. %ake no notice. $

5ou Cnot ans erD it21" 5ou CcomeD an see me after the class2 I ant to iscuss your ork ith you.1& I see that you ha!e or ere the uardian. 5ou really Crea D it214 5ou CbuyD stamps2 $

5es/ I am. $ %hen you CbuyD some for me/ please2

1* 5ou Clen D me your fishing ro 2 $5es/ of course. #here you CfishD2

1+ 5ou CfinishD this book or shall I take it back to the library21 5ou Cgi!eD me l@p/ please2 $

5es/ here you are. 5ou CmakeD a telephone call210 5ou Clea!eD that coil of barbe ire in the hall2 8omeone ill fall o!er it if you o.13 5ou CbathD your og2 $

5es/ you ChelpD me2" 5ou C ri!eD/ please2 I on't like ri!ing at night."1 5ou Cri eD that horse2 (e looks !ery ba -tempere to me."" 5ou CeatD it ra 2 5ou ill be ill if you o."& 5ou Cha!eD some of this cake2 I ma e it myself.

"4 5ou really CcallD the fire briga e2 I on't think it is at all necessary."* 5ou CpaintD the hole room by yourself2 It ill take you ages."+ 5ou CbeD rea y in fi!e minutes2" (ostess ohn/ you CsitD here at the en of the table2"0 5ou C oD something for me2 $

5es/ of course; hat is it2"3 5ou CbeD angry if he refuses to help you2& #hy ha!e you brought your type riter2 5ou C orkD this eeken 2&1 5ou CcallD me at si,2 I ha!e to catch an early train.&" 5ou C alkD there in this rain2 5ou'll get a fully et.&& 5ou CsignD here/ please2&4 #hat are all those notes for2 5ou Cgi!eD a lecture2&* #hy o you ant a can le2 5ou Ce,ploreD the ca!es2&+ If I catch some fish/ you CcookD them for me2

%he future continuous tense PEG "11-1&

%his tense can be use1 ith a point in time to in icate that the action ill begin before this time an continue

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the stairs by no ."0 5ou Cnee D your camera tomorro or can I borro it2"3 #e'!e ir hostess #e Ctake offD in a fe minutes. Please fasten your safety belts.&1 #e' better go out tomorro because Mary CpractiseD the piano all day(

&" on't ring her up at +. ; she CputD the chil ren to be . ing later.&& #e are making a house-to-house collection of things for the ll right/ I C ashD it.* #ill you ha!e lunch ith me on the "4th2 $

I' lo!e to/ but I'm afrai I C oD my e,am then.+ I C orkD for Mr Pitt ne,t eek as his o n secretary ill be a ay. 5ou Cha!eD something to rink/ on't you20 #hy i you take his ra?or2 (e ClookD for it e!ery here tomorro .3 I hope you'll o ell in the race tomorro . I CthinkD of you.1 Aotice on boar ship In the e!ent of an emergency all passengers CassembleD on the

boat eck.11 I on't feel ell enough to go to the station to meet him. $

I CmeetD him for you. 7ut ho I Crecogni?eD him2 $(e's small an fair/ an he C earD a black an hite school cap.

1" I Clea!eD these flo ers at the hospital for you. I CgoD there any ay !isit my cousin.1& 5ou ought to try to get a ticket for the 8pectators' Gallery ne,t eek; they C ebateD

international fishing rights.14 5ou'!e left the light on. $@h/ so I ha!e. I CgoD an turn it off.

1* I'!e

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10 %o ay is Guy =a kes' ay; this e!ening people CletD off fire orks an CmakeD bonfiresin the streets.

13 Military or er 8entries CremainD on uty till they are relie!e ." %his time ne,t Mon ay I CsitD in a Paris cafe rea ing 4e ;igaro.

5ou Cnot rea D. 5ou'll be looking at all the pretty girls."1 #ages ha!e gone up/ so I suppose prices Cgo upD too."" It is nearly autumn; soon the lea!es CchangeD colour."& Mother Con phoneD My son has

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8he says that she Cnot len D me the book/ because I ne!er gi!e books back.0 Mr Pitt Cnot speakD at the meeting tonight/ because he has une,pecte ly ha to go to

hospital.3 I'll ork un er anyone e,cept my brother. I Cnot orkD un er him.1 #e'll be in the same firm/ but e Cnot orkD together/ because e'll be in ifferent

epartments.11 I Cnot ha!eD that boy in my class. (e is far too noisy.1" I Cnot teachD you ne,t eek/ as I ha!e to go to Paris.1& (e is so angry ith his sister that he Cnot speakD to her.14 I'll gi!e your message to my sister hen I rite; but I Cnot riteD some time/ as I only

rite once a month an I poste a letter to him yester ay.1* I Cnot fee D your og again. (e al ays tries to bite me hen I come near him.1+ %hey ere !ery ru e to me. I Cnot goD there again.1 (e sai / I Cnot paintD you in that ress. It oes not suit you.10 I Cnot takeD any photographs for some time because my camera is being repaire .13 I Cnot borro D his !an again. %he brakes on't ork properly." %hat boy Cnot ashD his face. (e likes being irty."1 5ou can ha!e the car tomorro if you like. I Cnot useD it as I'll be far too busy to go

out."" 8he says that she Cnot sen D the chil to school/ no matter hat e say. 8he thinks it is

far better to e ucate chil ren at home."& (e says he Cnot playD for them again/ because they aren't gi!ing him enough money."4 8he Cnot singD at the ne,t concert/ because she has ha to go home su enly."* I Cnot playD car s ith you again. 5ou al ays cheat."+ 8he Cnot takeD part in the bri ge tournament/ because she'll be a ay then." I Cnot eatD any more of this; I feel 6ueer alrea y."0 I Cnot eatD curry again for a long time/ because I am going to stay in a house here no

one kno s ho to cook it.

"3 (e says that he Cnot ri eD that mare again/ because she's angerous.& %om Cnot ri eD in tomorro 's race/ because he is too young. %hey on't allo ri ersun er si,teen.

&1 #hisky is absolutely necessary to me an I Cnot gi!eD it up.&" ack Cnot rinkD hisky this time ne,t eek/ because he'll be in hospital an they on't

gi!e it to him there.&& I Cnot openD the in o . I islike fresh air.&4 %here is something on his min / but he Cnot tellD me hat it is.&* %he cat Cnot eatD fish so I ha!e to buy meat for him.&+ (e Cnot earD uniform hen you see him/ because he'll be on lea!e then/ an they on't

ear uniform hen they are on lea!e.

*econd person interrogative: will you and other forms !" +#'

%ill you+ often intro uces a re6uest or in!itation/ an sometimes a comman . It is oftenuse also to intro uce 6uestions about intentions hen the situation re6uires anunpreme itate ecision. 5ou can ha!e either. #hich ill you ha!e2 5ou'!e misse the last train. #hat ill you o no 2

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=or other types of intention/ ho e!er/ it is usually safer to use one of the other futureforms be oin to, the present continuous or the future continuous C hich is consi erethe most polite formD.

Put the !erbs in brackets into one of the four forms. #hen more than one ans er is possible/ this ill be note in the key.

1 #hy are you taking all that brea ith you2 5ou Cfee D the s ans2" 5ou CletD your flat again ne,t summer2& 5ou ClightD the fire for me/ please2 (ere are the matches.4 5ou C earD a tie tomorro 2 $ @h no. %om sai / 'Fome as you are.'* I kno you on't like earing ties/ but C earD one tomorro /

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"* I see that you are repairing your ol henhouse. 5ou CkeepD hens2"+ I'!e

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1& (e . . . not come here again. C won"t let him #ome.)14 Flause in lease %he tenant . . . be responsible for all repairs.1* %his kin of snake . . . not bite unless it is startle .1+ . . . you ha!e a cigarette2 $

Ao/ thanks/ I on't smoke.1 (e . . . play his ra io !ery lou ly/ hich annoys me !ery much.

0o$stinate insisten#e)10 7y this time ne,t year I . . . be earning my o n li!ing.13 #ho . . . take this letter to the post for me2 $

I ..." #hat . . . e o ith all the foo that's left o!er2"1 o you kno the ay2 Ao2 %hen I . . . sho you."" #here . . . I put it2 $

Put it behin the piano."& Police notice . . . anyone ho itnesse the acci ent please ring"4 5achts . . . go roun the course/ passing the marks in the correct or er. 0e/tra#t from Ya#ht =a#ing =ules)"* #hen . . . you hear the result2 #

I . . . not hear for another eek."+ 1 . . . not apologi?e'/ she sai / stamping her foot." #ho . . . I say calle 2 $ 5ou nee n't mention my name. (e . . . kno ho I am."0 8he . . . ne!er o anything you tell her."3 I . . . not be here ne,t eek.& I . . . not ha!e to o any cooking for a month. I'm going to an hotel.&1 . . . I put it on your esk2 $

Please o.&" I . . . fill up this form9 %he 6uestions are impertinent. $

If you on't/ ma am/ you . . . (negati*e) get your !isa.&& . . . you stan 6uite still for a moment/ please2&4 . . . I put more salt in the ste 2&* > og . . . obey his o ner but a cat . . . not.&+ I . . . kno hether you are telling the truth or not.

%ime clauses PEG &4"

%he future simple is not use in time clauses/ the simple present tense being use instea . Put the !erbs in brackets into the correct tense Cpresent or futureD.

1 #hen he CreturnD I'll gi!e him the key." (e'll be rea y as soon as you CbeD.& I'll stay in be till the clock CstrikeD se!en.4 8he ill be elighte hen she ChearD this.* #hen the laun ry comes I Cha!eD some clean han kerchiefs.+ I shan't buy tomatoes till the price CcomeD o n. 8tay here till the lights CturnD green.0 #hen it CgetD col I'll light the fire.

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3 %he lift Cnot startD until you press that button.1 8he'll ha!e to beha!e better hen she CgoD to school.11 #hen you look at yourself in the glass you CseeD hat I mean.1" (e CbeD here before you go.1& I Clen D you my cassette recor er hene!er you ant it.14 (e C akeD up hen e turn the lights on. ,1* (e CringD us up hen he arri!es in Englan 21+ (e ill ash up before he CgoD to be .1 I on't come to )on on till the bus strike CbeD o!er.10 I Cgi!eD the chil ren their inner before he CcomeD home.13 %hey ill be astonishe hen they CseeD ho slo ly he orks." I'll pay you hen I CgetD my che6ue."1 I CgoD on oing it until he tells me to stop."" I'll buy that house hen I Cha!eD enough money."& 5ou CfallD rapi ly through the air till your parachute opens."4 #e'll ha!e to stay here till the ti e CgoD out."* #hen the Bueen Carri!eD the au ience ill stan up."+ #hen the fog CliftD e'll be able to see here e are." %he refrigerator Cgo onD making that noise till e ha!e it repaire ."0 >s soon as the holi ays begin this beach CbecomeD !ery cro e ."3 %he car Cnot mo!eD till you take the brake off.& %he alarm bell Cgo onD ringing till you press this button.&1 >s soon as she ClearnD to type I'll get her a

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1+ 7y the time that he lea!es school his parents Cspen D :"*/ on his e ucation.1 7y the en of the term I Crea D all t el!e !olumes.10 #hen you come back I CfinishD all the house ork.13 %he police ChearD of the theft by this time." #e C rinkD all that ine by the en of the year."1 @n the fourth of ne,t month he CbeD in prison for ten years."" #hen e reach Fre e e C oD half of the t your present rate you CburnD all that coal by the en of the month/&4 %he treasurer sai / '7y the en of the year all our ebts Cbe pai D off.'&* %ourist #e'!e only got fi!e hours in ome; e are lea!ing but I'm sure that e CseeD

e!erything of importance by then.&+ (ousehol er to oo @ne of your elephants is in my gar en eating my tomatoes. oo official %he elephant ke

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ATT_1385473751872_2.1. Exercises 1