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Attitudes to Ageing in Midlife . Anna Thorpe, Peter Joyce, John Pearson, Philip Schluter. Focus: Attitudes and Health. This study set out to understand more about the relationship between personal attitudes, health and health promoting behaviours. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Attitudes to Ageing in Midlife
Anna Thorpe, Peter Joyce, John Pearson, Philip Schluter
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Focus: Attitudes and Health• This study set out to understand more about
the relationship between personal attitudes, health and health promoting behaviours.
• How people feel about their own ageing may influence self-rated health, health related behaviours and even mortality.
• Used the Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) on a midlife population in New Zealand.
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1 Levy et al, 2002Laidlaw et al, 2007
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Context: Ageing in New Zealand• NZ population over 65 projected to double by 2051. • Some regions, like Canterbury, doubling will happen 20
years earlier; ¼ of the population will reach 65 by 2031.• Our ageing population means it is more urgent to
understand how to enhance health and wellbeing.
1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 200665
70
75
80
85
90 Non-Māori WomenNon-Māori MenMāori Women
Life expectancy at 50
Statistics New Zealand3
Canterbury Health and Lifecourse study
• CHALICE is a new longitudinal study of midlife health & wellbeing in Canterbury, New Zealand.
• Face-to-face interviews involve blood tests, fundus photos, Echo & ECG, family health history, cognitive testing, mental health screening, food & physical activity diaries, plus attitudes to health & wellbeing.
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CHALICE design
• Random sample of 49-52 year olds from Canterbury, New Zealand.
• Māori are oversampled, with about 15% Chalice participants being Māori.
• Participants & their GP’s receive results. • Response rates have been about 65%,
despite the Canterbury earthquakes.
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Canterbury Earthquakes
Over 12,000 aftershocks….
Resulting in death, widespread damage, exodus, housing shortages and ongoing stress
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Health measures & health behaviours
• The common “giants” of NZ ageing: heart disease, stroke, dementia, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, asthma & depression
• The Short Form 36 (SF36)• Smoking• Alcohol use• BMI• GP visits• Health screening
Attitudinal measures used
• Felt age• Ideal age• Subjective life expectancy• Positivity to ageing• Attitudes to ageing questionnaire (AAQ)1 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA); Evergreen Project; Health & Retirement Study (HRS); Midlife in the US (MIDUS)2 Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA); Berlin Ageing Study; HRS; Aging, Status and the Sense of Control (ASOC)3 ELSA
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Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire
• The AAQ is a new self-report scale developed for older people to express their attitudes to the process of ageing.
• Tested in 20 countries with 5,566 participants after extensive pilot-testing with a larger scale.
• 24 item cross-cultural questionnaire with 3 sub-scales:• Psychosocial loss• Physical change• Psychological growth
Laidlaw, Power, Schmidt and the WHOQOL Group, 2007.
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AAQ results: comparison
2: Matthews, Lindner & Collins, 20073 & 4: Kalfoss, Low & Molzahn, 20105: Laidlaw, Wang, Coelho & Power, 20106: Quinn, Laidlaw & Murray, 2009
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AAQ with SF36 general health
AAQ
SF36 General Health
70
Male n=87
Female n=11380
90
100
110
12012
70
80
90
100
110
120
4030 50 60 70
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Does health predict attitudes to ageing?Health condition Beta valueAllergies -.053Asthma -.110Arthritis -.163 *Cancer .035Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .041Depression – current -.226 **Depression – lifetime -.006Diabetes -.107Heart disease -.052High blood pressure measurement .079Hypertension -.008Stroke .062
SF36 General Health .528 ***
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Do attitudes predict health behaviours?
Health behaviour Beta value
Alcohol audit -.158 *
BMI -.173 *
GP Visit -.205 **
Health screening -.071
Smoking -.114
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AAQ: in conclusion• CHALICE sample had more positive physical change &
psychological growth, but lower psycho-social loss.• General health in the SF36 is highly correlated with the
AAQ.• Current depression & arthritis were the 2 health
conditions predicting attitudes to ageing. • Alcohol consumption & BMI mildly influenced by
attitudes to ageing; people with higher AAQ scores had fewer GP visits.