Author Queries · Web viewGigascience 4: 7. doi: 10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8 [PLINK 1.9 and later]...
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Last updated 15 July 2021 AUTHOR QUERIES FOR COPY-EDITORS Use these as far as possible for your queries, but you may need to adapt them to suit the particular paper and to make them more specific. It’s especially useful to provide specific examples of the styling of genes or proteins mentioned in the paper. Please make your queries as succinct and specific as possible to reduce the number/length of queries. Ctrl + click on any of the following topics to take you straight to the query: TITLE Modification of title (general) Modification of title (animal) AFFILIATIONS Author names Affiliation Affiliations (order) Two corresponding authors Study Group Study Group on PubMed CIBERDEM and CIBERESP DZD Singapore in affiliations Particles RESEARCH IN CONTEXT AND TWITTER Research in context Twitter ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations (standard) Abbreviations (written-out) Abbreviations (gene symbols) THROUGHOUT TEXT Style changes Subjects vs participants Patients Caucasians Triglyceride/triacylglycerol Free fatty acids/NEFA HDL/LDL Gender/Sex Male/Female Latin terms Page 1 of 73
Author Queries · Web viewGigascience 4: 7. doi: 10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8 [PLINK 1.9 and later] Purcell S, Neale B, Todd-Brown K et al (2007) PLINK: a toolset for whole-genome association
Author QueriesAUTHOR QUERIES FOR COPY-EDITORS
· Use these as far as possible for your queries, but you may need
to adapt them to suit the particular paper and to make them more
specific. It’s especially useful to provide specific examples of
the styling of genes or proteins mentioned in the paper.
· Please make your queries as succinct and specific as possible to
reduce the number/length of queries.
Ctrl + click on any of the following topics to take you straight to
the query:
Last update 16 June 2017
Last updated 15 July 2021
Page 41 of 46
Modification of title (general)
The title has been modified slightly in line with journal style
[details]. Please use the amended title if you refer to this paper
elsewhere, or if you use the title in any electronic supplementary
material.
We would like to suggest [details] as our press officer has
suggested that shorter titles can have a greater impact.
Modification of title (animal)
The animal species has been added to the title in line with journal
policy. Please use the amended title if you refer to this paper
elsewhere, or if you use the title in any electronic supplementary
material.
Author names
Diabetologia style is to include given (first) name, initials and
family name in the author list, e.g. John M. Smith, J. Matthew
Jones, Yu-fei Shan, Soo Heon Kim. Please ask your co-authors to
amend their names in line with this, as appropriate.
[Copyeditors and proofreaders please note that Korean given names
are often unhyphenated two-part names such as Soo Heon, Sung Hee;
similarly Italian names often have unhyphenated two-part first
names, such as Gian Paolo; in such cases both names should be
retained in the author list. Please check with the Editorial Office
or raise an author query if you are unsure.]
Please could you confirm whether [X] is a middle name that should
be abbreviated to the initial, or whether it is part of a two-part
first name or two-part family name? We will then ensure it is coded
correctly in the metadata and should appear correctly on
PubMed.
Affiliation (more than one)
Should affiliation [?] therefore be rewritten as …?
Affiliation (postal details)
Full postal details are no longer required in affiliations and have
been deleted.
Affiliations (order)
Affiliations (ask co-authors to check all affiliations have been
included)
Please check with your co-authors that they have included all their
affiliations, as it is difficult to add additional affiliations at
the proof stage.
Affiliations (corporate affiliation moved from
footnotes/acknowledgements)
In order to include full affiliation details for each author, we do
not include affiliation details as footnotes or acknowledgements.
Therefore the details of (COMPANY NAME) have been added as an
additional affiliation. Please check with your co-author that this
is acceptable. Please note that this change might need to be
checked and approved by the compliance team of the company in
question; let us know if this change contravenes compliance
guidelines.
Two corresponding authors
The copyright link and proofs are sent by automated process to one
author only. Which of the two corresponding authors would you like
to nominate to receive these?
[Ed Office only]: Corresponding author/ScholarOne mismatch [NB
consider open access eligibility first – CTS may need to go to
corresponding author to qualify for Springer Compact]
The copyright link and proofs are sent by automated process to one
author only. Should they be sent to [X] (corresponding author on
the paper) or [Y] (contact author on ScholarOne)?
Study Group
Please check with your co-authors and/or trial co-ordinators to
ensure that any guidelines for the representation of the Study
Group in the title, author list and affiliations are
followed.
For more information, see the NLM Fact Sheet Authorship in MEDLINE
at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/authorship.html.
Study Group members on PubMed (applies if study group is sole
author or listed as author [‘and’]; may also apply for ‘on behalf
of’ but this is less clear)
If you wish the study group members to be listed as collaborators
on PubMed, please include full affiliation details of study group
members, with details of institution, city, state (USA, Canada and
Australia) and country.
You include XXX Study Group in the author list and in the
[footnotes/acknowledgements/appendix/ESM] you have identified
people as authors or as members of the writing group/writing
committee for this study group. They will therefore be added as
authors on MEDLINE/PubMed (and will be appear after any authors
listed in the main author list on the paper). For more information,
see the NLM Fact Sheet Authorship in MEDLINE at
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/authorship.html.
Please include full affiliation details of study group
authors/members of the writing group, with details of department,
institution, city, state (USA, Canada and Australia) and
country.
Move study group list to ESM (only if very long/Ed Office to raise
this query of needed)
Please remove all lists of names (Program Office; Clinical
Coordinating Center: Clinical Centers etc) from the manuscript and
instead allow us to publish them as electronic supplementary
material (ESM) on our website. Please supply the lists in a
separate Word document and insert a reference to the electronic
supplementary material at relevant places in the text.
CIBERDEM, CIBERESP etc.
Please confirm that we can insert the URL for the umbrella
organisation CIBERDEM, as an alternative to the physical location
details:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades
Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
www.ciberdem.org/
Please confirm that we can insert the URL for the umbrella
organisation CIBERDEM, as an alternative to the physical location
details:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud
Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)
The DZD affiliation has been amended in line with instructions
received from the DZD on standard layout.
Singapore in affiliations
We are required to provide both city and country for affiliations.
‘Republic of Singapore’ has therefore been inserted after
‘Singapore’.
Particles in author names (de, de la, von, van, del, etc.)
Author name: XXX
It is important that you check with your co-author exactly how they
would like their name to appear in the author list (this will
determine how it appears in PubMed).
[Insert specific example]
For example:
Jane von Braun: appear as ‘von Braun, J, ‘Von Braun, J’ or ‘Braun,
JV’ or ‘Braun, J’?
In particular, please confirm lower or uppercase for von/Von.
RESEARCH IN CONTEXT & TWITTER
Research in context: General
Thank you for supplying text for a Research in context box. We have
carried out a light edit, and it will be formatted using our
standard template before typesetting.
Add if word count is >230 words
Please reduce the length of your ‘Research in context’ summary to
<200 words (excluding our questions).
Research in context: [add if needs reformatting – or adapt as
required if only some sections need to be re-written]
Please revise your ‘Research in context’ summary to include the
following questions and your responses in bullet point
format:
What is already known about this subject? (maximum of 3 bullet
points)
What is the key question? (one bullet point only; formatted as a
question)
What are the new findings? (maximum of 3 bullet points)
How might this impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable
future? (one bullet point only)
Please re-phrase point 2 (What is the key question?) in the form of
a question.
Twitter
Thank you for supplying a tweet to accompany your paper. It has
been passed to our social media coordinator to use when your
article is published, and will be tweeted together with your
graphical abstract.
We will include an image with the tweet, where possible. Please
identify which figure/figure part or table would be most effective,
or whether you would prefer to use the research in context box or a
screenshot of the title and author list.
We are committed to making your research as widely accessible as
possible and will tweet about accepted papers (
https://twitter.com/DiabetologiaJnl ). Please include a tweet and
any hashtags or handles (maximum of 250 characters, including
spaces and handles) on the title page of your article. Your tweet
can be based on the title of your paper or the main finding(s).
(s), and will be tweeted together with your graphical
abstract.
ABBREVIATIONS
Standard abbreviations, such as [XXX], can be used without
definition (see
http://diabetologia-journal.org/about-the-journal/diabetologia-style-guide/accepted-abbreviations/).
Your paper has been amended accordingly.
If used more than once, the abbreviation has been added to the
abbreviations list.
Please note that abbreviations used only once in the paper will not
be included in the abbreviations list.
The following abbreviations have been written in full throughout,
to ensure readability: XXX. These abbreviations have been used and
defined separately in the figures and tables where necessary for
space reasons.
In line with journal style, the following abbreviations have been
written in full throughout: XXX. These abbreviations have been used
and defined separately in the figures and tables where necessary
for space reasons.
[NB copy-editors – we generally avoid short abbreviations for
diseases and conditions (see style guide) and may otherwise write
abbreviations in full to improve readability, particularly if the
abbreviation is used inconsistently or sparsely. However, there are
several short abbreviations (such as MR, DI) that are widely used,
so we do not have a rule of disallowing two-letter abbreviations in
general. If you are unsure (e.g. a new abbreviation you haven’t
encountered before) please check with the Editorial Office before
making changes, or add it to the checklist as a query and we can
make the change if we think it is appropriate.]
Abbreviations (written-out)
XXX
Abbreviations (gene symbols)
Gene symbols are not, strictly speaking, abbreviations and so have
been deleted from the abbreviations list.
[List here]
Style changes
A number of standard journal style changes have been made to the
document, for example the use of UK spelling, standard
abbreviations etc. These changes have not been tracked. This will
make it easier for you to see the more important changes to the
text, which are tracked. Further details of the standard changes
can be found here . Please do not reverse any of these style
changes but instead let us know if you have any queries.
Subjects vs participants
To make it clear to readers that participation in the study was
voluntary, Diabetologia prefers that ‘subject’ is replaced by
another term such as ‘participant’, ‘individual’ or ‘volunteer’.
This change has been made for you throughout. (An exception is made
for people who are studied by use of a database where permission is
not sought from each individual.)
Patients
The text has been modified as we prefer to avoid unnecessary use of
the term ‘patient’ (‘patient’ can be used when discussing a person
in terms of their treatment, but ‘participant’ or ‘individual’ is
more appropriate when discussing study participation).
[Note for copy-editors: in some instances ‘patient’ is preferred
where the terminology is standard, e.g. ‘patient-reported
outcomes’, ‘patient-centred care’.]
Cases
Changes have been made to avoid use of term ‘case’ to describe a
person, when another term, such as ‘individual’ or ‘participant’,
would be more appropriate.
Caucasians
In line with AMA recommendations (AMA Manual of Style, 10th edn, ch
11.10.2 Race/Ethnicity, p. 415), Diabetologia does not use the term
‘Caucasian’, which is considered to be non-specific and inaccurate.
The term ‘white’ is a suitable alternative: this change has been
made for you throughout (‘Europid’ or ‘of European descent’ are
also acceptable terms).
Triglyceride/triacylglycerol
In line with IUPAC recommendations
(https://old.iupac.org/publications/books/principles/principles_of_nomenclature.pdf),
‘triglyceride’ has been changed to ‘triacylglycerol’ throughout the
paper.
[Note that the exception to this is the enzyme ‘adipose
triglyceride lipase’, which should not be changed to ‘adipose
triacylglycerol lipase’.]
<Back to index>
Free fatty acids/NEFA
In line with IUPAC recommendations
(https://old.iupac.org/publications/books/principles/principles_of_nomenclature.pdf),
‘free fatty acid’ has been replaced by ‘NEFA’ (non-esterified fatty
acid)
HDL/LDL
Where you use the terms ‘HDL’ and ‘LDL’ are you referring to
HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, respectively? Please change
where appropriate.
Gender/sex
‘Gender’ (cultural term) has been replace by ‘sex’ (biological
term) throughout.
Males/females
Males/females used as nouns have been replaced with ‘male/female
participants’ (male/female are generally used as adjectives when
referring to people). Another alternative would be ‘men/women’, if
this is more appropriate in the context.
Latin terms
In line with journal style, Latin terms that appear in the Oxford
English Dictionary, e.g. in vitro, will be formatted in upright
type, not italics.
Please specify whether % concentrations are by weight or by volume
(e.g. wt/vol., wt/wt, etc.):
[e.g. Provide a single example here]
High-/low-calorie and isocaloric
‘Calorie’ has been changed to ‘energy’ throughout, as calorie is a
(non-SI) unit, whereas energy is the thing being measured.
[Note that the term VLCD, very low calorie diet, is allowed because
it is widely used in the literature. It should be described as a
‘diet very low in energy (very low calorie diet [VLCD])’ at first
mention.
In addition, ‘caloric restriction’ can be used as it is a
scientific term referring to a feeding regimen]
‘Isocaloric’ has been replaced by ‘isoenergetic’ throughout
(calorie is a [non-SI] unit, whereas energy is the thing being
measured).
Parameters/variables
‘Parameter’ is used for an arbitrary constant within an experiment
or mathematical term, whereas ‘variable’ is used for an expression
that can be assigned any of a set of values. In line with this
standard English usage, parameters has been replaced by variables
where appropriate.
Websites
Please give the date that the site was accessed
(day/month/year).
Antidiabetic drugs
In line with journal policy, ‘antidiabetic’ drugs has been replaced
by ‘glucose-lowering’ drugs.
Mortality rate/risk
Would it be appropriate to change ‘mortality’ to ‘mortality rate’
and/or ‘mortality risk’ to improve clarity? Please check the use of
the term ‘mortality’ throughout and amend, as appropriate.
[Copy-editors: Please note that ‘all-cause mortality’ is a term
that is widely used and understood, so query does not need to be
added for this usage]
Prediabetes: type 2
Diabetologia prefers to avoid the terms ‘prediabetes’ and
‘prediabetic’ except in a purely temporal sense. As prediabetes
does not have an accepted definition, please replace with, for
example, ‘impaired glucose tolerance’ and/or ‘impaired fasting
glucose’.
Prediabetes: type 1
Diabetologia prefers to avoid the terms ‘prediabetes’ and
‘prediabetic’ except in a purely temporal sense. As prediabetic
does not have an accepted definition, please replace with, for
example, ‘at risk of diabetes’ or ‘with diabetes-related
autoantibodies’.
[NB: copy-editors – if this term is used throughout the paper, it
is OK to define it at first mention, or at the most appropriate
point in the Methods, and then continue to use it. Please tweak the
query accordingly. If authors have already included a clear
definition of prediabetes, there is no need to raise a query at
all].
Diabetic foot
Diabetologia prefers to avoid the term ‘diabetic foot’, where
possible. Please replace with a more precise term, such as
‘osteomyelitis of the foot in diabetes’ or ‘soft-tissue foot
infection in diabetes’. Where the term occurs throughout the paper,
it can be retained, but must be clearly defined at an appropriate
place in the text.
Utilise
Strictly speaking, ‘utilise’ means to make the best use of
something not intended for the job. Instances of ‘utilise’ have
been changed to ‘use’ throughout.
Optical density
The Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology no
longer recommends the use of ‘optical density’ as an alternative
for ‘absorbance’. Can OD450 and OD690 be changed to absorbance at
450 and 690 nm respectively? [change these wavelengths as
appropriate]
ALT and AST
Alanine transaminase has been changed to alanine aminotransferase
in line with AMA recommendations and journal style.
Aspartate transaminase has been changed to aspartate
aminotransferase in line with AMA recommendations and journal
style.
[Combine as appropriate]
Vitreous
Where ‘vitreous’ is used as a noun, can it be replaced by
‘vitreous’ body or ‘vitreous humour’?
Saline
‘154 mmol/l NaCl’ has been added where you first mention saline.
Please amend if this is incorrect.
Ethics permission (animals)
Please insert a sentence confirming that experiments involving
animals were approved by the local ethics committee or that the
study was conducted in accordance with the Guide for the care and
use of laboratory animals (2011)
(http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf)
Ethics permission (humans)
Please insert a sentence confirming: (1) that study participants
gave informed consent; and (2) that your investigations have been
approved by the responsible ethics committee (institutional review
board) and/or were carried out in accordance with the Declaration
of Helsinki as revised in 2008 (
www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html ).
Assent for children (add for studies in children, where formal
consent has been obtained from parents/carers)
Please confirm whether assent was sought and obtained from the
children involved in this study.
Ethics permission (organ donors/autopsy samples)
Organ donors: please insert a sentence confirming that your
investigations have been approved by the responsible ethics
committee (institutional review board).
Autopsy samples: please insert a sentence confirming that your
investigations have been approved by the responsible ethics
committee (institutional review board).
Donated human cells: please insert a sentence confirming that your
investigations have been approved by the responsible ethics
committee (institutional review board).
Ethics permission (studies involving human embryos, gametes and
stem cells)
Please see Springer’s policy guidelines and ensure that the
manuscript includes an ethics statement identifying the
institutional and/or national research ethics committee (including
the name of the ethics committee) approving the experiments and
describing any relevant details. Authors should confirm that
informed consent was obtained from all recipients and/or donors of
cells or tissues, where necessary, and describe the conditions of
donation of materials for research, such as human embryos or
gametes.
Ethics permission (database studies)
Please insert a sentence confirming that the study has the approval
of the local ethics committee and/or health authority from which
the data were obtained.
[Not needed for publically available gene databases such as MAGIC,
DIAGRAM, GIANT, GLGC, ICBP, ADIPOgen, or if the data are
anonymised, i.e. individual patients cannot be identified, but if
in doubt, raise an AQ or ask the Editorial Office.]
OR (for routinely-collected clinical data):
Please insert a sentence stating that the ‘owner’ of the routinely
collected data (e.g. Caldicott guardians of the Trusts) has given
permission for publication.
Please give the source (supplier’s name and country), species,
strain, international strain nomenclature, sex, genetic background
and age of animals as well as details of housing and
husbandry.
[Provide examples here]
Address (chemicals/equipment)
Please give the name and country of the following
manufacturers/suppliers on first mention.
[Provide examples here]
Please note that we have recently changed our policy on supplier
details and now only require the name and country of the supplier,
and not the full location details; however, you may still add city
and state (for USA, Australia, Canada etc.) if you prefer, for
consistency with other supplier addresses already included.
[Note for copy-editors: we are operating a dual system at the
moment and it is OK if there are inconsistencies within the paper;
no need to delete additional supplier details (i.e. city and state)
if these are already given].
Address (software)
Please give details of software in one of the following formats:
(1) the URL from which the software was downloaded, or at which the
software can be used; (2) the name and location (country) of the
supplier; (3) for some types of software, a reference can be added,
included in the main reference list: e.g. R Core Team (2013) R: A
language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation
for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria
For all software, please also include either the version number or
the date of access for the website (day/month/year).
Trademarks and company type
In line with journal style, trademarks (e.g. TM, ®) and company
type (e.g. Inc., GmbH) have been deleted from supplier details in
your manuscript.
Resource identifiers
Please ensure you have provided Research Resource Identifiers
(RRIDs) and/or unique identifiers (catalogue numbers etc.) for any
key resources used in this study, such as transgenic animals,
genetic tools, antibodies etc. Please see
https://scicrunch.org/resources for more details of RRIDs.
Diabetologia uses SI units throughout. For an SI conversion table
see
· Administered doses of insulin, which can be given in U
· Plasma/serum glucagon, which can be given in pmol/l
· Serum enzymes (e.g. ALT), which can be given as U/l
· CRP, which can be reported either as μg/l or nmol/l
Please convert values for XXX into SI units.
[give specific variables/units/location(s)]
Please convert values for plasma glucose to SI units
(mmol/l).
Please convert values for plasma insulin to SI units
(pmol/l).
Please convert values for plasma amino acids to SI units
(mmol/l).
Please convert units for NEFA to SI units (mmol/l) [can also be
given as mEq/l]
Please convert units for radioactivity in Ci to SI units
(Bq).
Please convert values for ACR in mg/g to SI units (mg/mmol).
Please convert values for centrifuge speed in rpm to g.
Please convert units for energy in kcal to SI units (kJ or MJ). If
you wish, you may give values in non-SI units (kcal) in
parentheses. Please use the conversion factor 1 kcal = 4.184
kJ.
Please re-draw Fig. 000 to show XXX in SI units (XXX) and send it
to us directly by email.
Please present results for HbA1c in mmol/mol with percentage units
in parentheses, e.g. HbA1c level was 31 mmol/mol (5.0%), in your
paper and ESM.
[For figures with values in %]
Please present results for HbA1c in mmol/mol in figures
[For tables, please add the following]
Please include HbA1c values expressed in mmol/mol in a separate row
above the % values.
[Copy-editors please note: we relax this rule when the author is
reporting data from another paper, e.g. in a review or the
discussion. In this instance, HbA1c should still be dual reported
but % can come before mmol/mol if this was how the original paper
reported the values]
Units for area under the curve (AUC)
The units for area under the curve (AUC) should be in the format
y-axis unit × x-axis unit (e.g. for glucose level vs time, the unit
would be mmol/l × min). Please check your units to ensure that they
are correct.
HOMA equation
We cannot accept the HOMA equation written-out with non-SI units.
If you would like to provide an equation, it should include SI
units (glucose in mmol/l, insulin in pmol/l). Please bear in mind
that the constant will also be altered (note that the constant
varies depending on the standardisation of your insulin assay and
its cross-reactivity with proinsulin species).
Important: It is not necessary to recalculate the HOMA values, as
equations with non-SI units generate the same values as equations
with SI units (which is why they have different constants),
provided that values in the units specified in the particular
equation are used.
Alternatively, you may omit the equation and provide a reference.
In this case, you may need to re-number the subsequent citations in
the text and in the reference list.
If you used the computer-generated HOMA2 index to calculate your
results, you should refer to this directly (e.g.
https://www.dtu.ox.ac.uk/homacalculator/ ) and include the date
that you accessed the site (day, month, year).
MINMOD program (insulin sensitivity)
To enable comparison of units for insulin sensitivity index
generated by the MINMOD program with results in other papers, we
have included a conversion factor to SI units (i.e. to convert
values to SI units multiply by 0.167).
Molecular weight/mass
Note that molecular weight is the former name for relative
molecular mass (Mr), which has no units. Molecular mass is given in
kDa. This term has been changed to ‘molecular mass’ for you.
Normal values (N) for solutions
Please change normal (N) values for solutions to mmol/l.
[Give example]
Units (U)/International Units (I/U)
‘IU’ has been changed to the more commonly used ‘U’. Please let me
know if the intended meaning has been changed.
For enzyme units use this alternative:
‘IU’ has been changed to the more commonly used ‘U’ for enzyme
units. Please let me know if the intended meaning has been
changed.
Authors are required to follow the NIH guidelines regarding
reporting of experimental conditions (
http://www.nih.gov/about/reporting-preclinical-research.htm ) to
facilitate the replication and interpretation of experiments, and
these details are included in our preclinical checklist , which is
completed at manuscript submission. In line with this, please
include the following information in your article.
Statistics
Please include a sentence to state how your data were expressed
e.g. ‘Data are expressed as means (SEM)’.
Please provide details of statistical tests used in your analysis,
and whether they were one- or two-sided/tailed.
Replicates
Please state how often each experiment was performed and whether
the results were substantiated by repetition under a range of
conditions. Please ensure it is clear whether measurements were
taken from distinct samples or whether the sample was measured
repeatedly.
Randomisation
Please state whether the samples were randomised and specify the
method of randomisation. Please make it clear if randomisation was
not carried out, or was only carried out for some
experiments.
Blinding
Please state whether experimenters were blind to group assignment
and outcome assessment. Please make it clear if blinding was not
carried out, or was only carried out for some experiments.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Please state criteria used for exclusion of any data, samples or
animals. Include any similar experimental results that were omitted
from the reporting for any reason, particularly if the results do
not support the main findings of the study. Describe any outcomes
or conditions that were measured or used and are not reported in
the results section.
Animal strain
Please give the source (supplier’s name and country) and either the
strain number or international strain nomenclature for transgenic
animals, together with a link to the strain on the supplier
website, if available (e.g. B6.BKS(D)-Leprdb/J (The Jackson
Laboratory, USA; https://www.jax.org/strain/000697 )).
Include genetic background and add references, where appropriate,
particularly for animals developed in-house.
[NB: add the following if not already included: Please also include
sex and age of animals as well as details of housing and
husbandry.]
Studies involving cell lines [Human or animal cell lines, not donor
cells]
Please report the source, authentication and mycoplasma
contamination status of cell lines used.
Antibodies
Please report source, characteristics and dilutions of antibodies
and how they were validated. Please also include details of buffers
used, as well as source, dilutions and buffers used for secondary
antibodies.
[NB query not needed for antibodies used in flow cytometry.
Highlight query for Ed office if unsure]
Resource identifiers
Please ensure you have provided Research Resource Identifiers
(RRIDs) and/or unique identifiers (catalogue numbers etc.) for any
key resources used in this study, such as transgenic animals,
genetic tools, antibodies etc. Please see
https://scicrunch.org/resources for more details of RRIDs.
Styling: genes vs proteins, human vs mouse genes
Diabetologia distinguishes between gene symbols and protein
abbreviations by using italic font for gene symbols and upright
font for protein abbreviations. Please note that gene symbols for
humans are styled in uppercase italics, whereas those for rats/mice
are styled with an initial capital letter and the remaining letters
in lowercase italics. Please check your paper carefully to ensure
that this distinction has been made correctly.
For example:
Protein (any species): XYZ
Styling: transgenic mice [add to end of query above, if
needed]
In line with this, please check styling of transgenic animal models
throughout the text and use italic gene symbol formatting for the
transgene, where appropriate.
Styling: mRNA
mRNA and cDNA should be referred to in italic text using the
correct gene symbol.
For example: Xyz mRNA
Styling: western blots
Since western blots are used to measure relative amounts of
proteins, protein abbreviations should be used. Please check that
the correct styling (upright capitals) has been used
throughout.
Since northern blots are used to measure gene transcription/levels
of mRNA, gene symbols should be used. Please check that the correct
styling has been used throughout.
Where siRNA or similar methods are used for knockdown studies,
protein formatting is generally used for the molecule knocked down,
whereas the oligonucleotide used for the knockdown is formatted
using the gene symbol. Please check your paper to ensure that this
has been done correctly.
For example ‘knockdown of ABC was carried out using Abc
siRNA’
[Please note: if gene symbol formatting is used consistently for
knockdown, it can be retained, as some authors prefer this format,
and as the issue is not clear cut]
Styling: Recombinant Adenovirus
Since recombinant adenoviruses contain genetic material, they
should be styled as upright ‘Ad-’, followed by the gene in italic
e.g. Ad-Adipoq
An exception is made for green fluorescent protein, for which
Diabetologia style is to use lower case for the first letter of the
gene i.e. Ad-gfp
Gene symbols and protein abbreviations
As gene symbols are not, strictly-speaking, abbreviations, they do
not need to be defined, provided the up-to-date official gene
symbol is used. The related protein abbreviations are, however,
written in full at first mention of the protein.
Expression of proteins
For clarity, the term ‘expression’ has been replaced by ‘levels’ or
‘content’ in instances where protein levels are being quantified,
e.g. western blots.
Diabetologia uses the Entrez Gene site (mouse, rat, human, etc.)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&DB=gene
For gene symbols. Where you have used an unofficial symbol (alias)
for a gene, please either amend to use the up-to-date gene symbol
or, alternatively, add the up-to-date symbol in parentheses at
first mention in the abstract and in the text.
For example: Xyz (also known as Abc)
Keywords: Add unofficial and up-to-date symbols
To aid electronic scanning we have included both the unofficial
gene symbol and up-to-date symbol in the keywords (Xyz and
Abc).
[Insert symbols for Xyz and Abc]
HLA allele format
HLA gene family styling
HLA is not a gene, but a gene family. It is therefore not styled in
italics but should be upright. This change has been made for you
throughout.
GSEA software (www.broad.mit.edu/gsea). The following references
should be cited in addition to the website URL. Please re-number
subsequent references in the text and reference list as
necessary.
Subramanian A, Tamayo P, Mootha VK et al. (2006) Gene set
enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting
genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
102(43):15545-15550. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506580102.
Available from
http://www.pnas.org/content/102/43/15545.abstract
Mootha VK, Lindgren CM, Eriksson K-F et al. (2003) PGC-1-responsive
genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately
downregulated in human diabetes. Nat Genet 34(3):267-273.
https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1180. Available from
http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v34/n3/abs/ng1180.html
SHEsis software (http://analysis.bio-x.cn/SHEsisMain.htm). The
following reference should be cited in addition to the website URL.
Please re-number subsequent references in the text and reference
list as necessary.
Shi YY, He L (2005) SHEsis, a powerful software platform for
analyses of linkage disequilibrium, haplotype construction, and
genetic association at polymorphism loci. Cell Res 15(2):97-98.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.cr.7290272
If the haplotype analysis function is cited, then the following
reference should be cited in addition to Shi & He:
Li Z, Zhang Z, He Z et al (2009) A
partition-ligation-combination-subdivision EM algorithm for
haplotype inference with multiallelic markers: update of the SHEsis
(http://analysis.bio-x.cn). Cell Res
19(4):519-523. https://doi.org/10.1038/cr.2009.33
PLINK software (http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/~purcell/plink/). One
of the following references should be cited in addition to the
website URL (depending on the version used). Please re-number
subsequent references in the text and reference list as
necessary.
Chang CC, Chow CC, Tellier LC, Vattikuti S, Purcell SM, Lee JJ
(2015) Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger
and richer datasets. Gigascience 4: 7. doi:
10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8 [PLINK 1.9 and later]
Purcell S, Neale B, Todd-Brown K et al (2007) PLINK: a toolset for
whole-genome association and population-based linkage analysis. Am
J Hum Genet 81(3):559-575. https://doi.org/10.1086/519795
[earlier versions of PLINK]
Genetic Power Calculator software (
http://ibgwww.colorado.edu/~pshaun/gpc/ ). The following reference
should be cited in addition to the website URL. Please re-number
subsequent references in the text and reference list as
necessary.
Purcell S, Cherny SS, Sham PC (2003) Genetic Power Calculator:
design of linkage and association genetic mapping studies of
complex traits. Bioinformatics 19(1):149–150
MeV (MultiExperiment Viewer) software (http://mev.tm4.org). The
following references should be cited in addition to the website
URL. Please re-number subsequent references in the text and
reference list as necessary.
Saeed AJ, Bhagabati NK, Braisted JC et al (2006) TM4 microarray
software suite. Methods Enzymol
411:134–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(06)11009-5
Saeed AJ, Sharov V, White J et al (2003) TM4: a free, open-source
system for microarray data management and analysis. Biotechniques
34(2):374–378. https://doi.org/10.2144/03342mt01
PCR primers
Please create a table of primers rather than listing them in the
Methods, and allow us to publish this as electronic supplementary
material (ESM) on our website. Please insert a reference to the
electronic supplementary material at relevant places in the text
and supply the ESM table as a separate pdf document. Please ensure
that the ESM files are cited in numerical order in the text.
r bivariate correlation coefficient
R multivariate correlation coefficient
r2 bivariate coefficient of determination
R2 multivariate coefficient of determination
[Delete as appropriate, or add all if r/R and r2/R2 both
occur]
Statistics (n values)
n sample size of subgroup
N sample size of whole population
Data expression
Please include a sentence to state how your data were expressed
e.g. Data are expressed as means ± SEM
Where you use the term SE, can this be changed to the standard
abbreviation SEM (standard error of the mean)?
[Note for copy-editors: if it is clear that the standard error is
for another measure other than the mean, e.g. standard error in the
rate, the query does not need to be raised.]
If statistical tests were carried out, please make this clear in
the text by reporting exact statistical values (e.g. p values). You
are not required to categorise these as
significant/non-significant.
Statistical tests
Please provide details of statistical tests used in your analysis,
and whether they were one- or two-sided/tailed.
Please include details of any assumptions or corrections made, such
as tests of normality and adjustment for multiple comparisons
t tests: Please state whether a paired or unpaired t test was
used
[Copy-editors please note: ‘Independent sample’ t test is an
alternative was of saying ‘unpaired’; if it is stated that the
samples are independent, there is no need to state ‘unpaired’, and
likewise, if samples are stated as being ‘dependent’, it is not
necessary to state ‘paired’]
Covariates
Please provide a description of all covariates tested in your
analysis.
Please make sure the descriptions of covariates adjusted for are
correct and consistent throughout your paper [e.g. you list XXX as
a covariate in the Methods, but not in the footnote to Table XXX]
[copy-editors please raise this query if this lists of
adjustments/covariates appear to be different in different parts of
the text].
Trend/tended to
[ONLY INCLUDE IF MANUSCRIPT DOESN’T INCLUDE p for trend (ptrend) or
is not discussing trends over time]
Use of the terms ‘trend’ or ‘tended to’ is not permitted when
discussing data that do not reach the threshold for significance.
Instead, please make it clear that the difference reported is not
significant, providing statistical values (e.g. p values).
Reporting significance to ****p<0.0001
Journal policy does not generally allow use of the threshold
****p<0.0001. Please change ****p<0.0001 to ***p<0.001 in
tables and figures.
[If exact p values are given, or a lower p value threshold is used
without using the **** symbol, this is acceptable, as it is more
common in certain types of study.]
β Coefficients
I note that you have reported β coefficients in the main text
[location] without including the units. Please check whether the
units should be included here. Please note that, for standardised β
coefficients, the units are not generally given, as these are
reported per SD.
[If you are unsure whether this query is appropriate (it is quite
complex), please check with the Editorial office].
Interquartile range (given as single number)
Please provide the limits to the interquartile interval (often
referred to as [p25–p75] or [Q– Q3]), rather than the IQR as a
single number.
Average
Where you use the term ‘average’, please consider whether this
could more accurately be specified as mean or median.
[Copy-editors note that some uses of average are acceptable, such
as ‘on average’, or in relation to certain statistical analyses,
but raise the query if you are unsure].
Thank you for completing your CONSORT checklist for abstracts and
for including this information in your abstract (see
www.consort-statement.org/?o=1001 ).
In line with these guidelines, please could you also add the
following information to your abstract:
OR
In line with CONSORT guidelines (
http://www.consort-statement.org/?o=1001 ) on the reporting of
randomised controlled trials, please add the following information
to your abstract:
[Pick as appropriate]
Trial design
Methods
Include eligibility criteria for participants and the setting where
the data were collected
[NB for copy-editor – eligibility criteria can be summarised in the
abstract if criteria are long. Should include age range and main
criteria]
Include the interventions intended for each group.
Include specific objective or hypothesis.
Include a clearly defined primary outcome for this report.
Include a description of how participants were allocated to
interventions and details of allocation concealment, e.g.
allocation by central office; sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed
envelopes.
State whether or not participants, caregivers, people doing
measurements or examinations, or people assessing the outcomes were
blinded to group assignment. Avoid use of terms such as ‘single’-
and ‘double’-blinded as these terms are not specific.
Results
Include the number of participants randomised to each group.
Include the number of participants analysed in each group.
For the primary outcome, include a result for each group and the
estimated effect size and its precision.
Include important adverse (or unexpected) effects or side
effects.
Conclusions
Trial registration
Funding
For examples of abstracts formatted in this way, see:
Trials mentioned in other types of article
The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)
recommends that the trial registration number of clinical trials
should be included at first mention of the trial in the manuscript.
Please include relevant trial numbers in the text in line with
this.
Unpublished observations/results/data
Please insert the name(s) of the authors linked to the unpublished
observations, specifically naming the guarantor or principal
investigator, and including other named authors if appropriate. If
the guarantor/principal investigator of the study from which the
unpublished data are taken is not listed as an author of the
present paper, we require their written consent to cite the
results. Please email a copy of this confirmation directly to us.
Alternatively, you may replace this with a suitable reference
(re-numbering subsequent references in the text and in the
reference list, and bearing in mind that abstracts can only be
included in the references if they are from the current or previous
year).
Personal communication
Please add an affiliation(s) for the communicant(s) (e.g.
institute, city, country).
We require written consent to cite the communication if the
communicant is not an author of the present paper. Please email a
copy of this confirmation directly to us.
Animal models of diabetes
Note that animals are used as models of type 1 and 2 diabetes and
cannot have type 1 or type 2 diabetes as such. In the title, and at
first mention in the abstract and in the text, your wording has
been changed to indicate that the animals are used as a model of
diabetes, or that experimental diabetes was induced.
Matching [clinical/human studies only]
Please give matching criteria for continuous variables, e.g. age ±
2 years, BMI ± 1 kg/m2. If these variables were not actually
matched and were simply similar between the groups, then please
ensure this is made clear throughout the manuscript.
[Copy-editors note that ‘matching’ is OK to use in relation to
‘propensity score matching’].
Logarithms
Please give details of the base used for logarithmic
transformations (for example log10).
Logarithms (ln)
The format ‘ln’ may not be familiar to all readers and has been
replaced by loge in line with journal style.
Exponents
Please style exponential numbers as 1.0 × 10−10 rather than
1.0E−10
ICD-9 and ICD-10
Where you mention ICD-9, the website URL has been added on first
mention: ( http://www.icd9data.com/2007/Volume1/default.htm )
Where you mention ICD-10, the website URL has been added on first
mention: ( http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en
).
Where you mention ICD-11, the website URL has been added on first
mention:
(https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en)
Read codes
Where you mention Read codes, the following website URL has been
added: ( https://digital.nhs.uk/article/1104/Read-Codes ).
European Law requires use of the Recommended International
Non-proprietary Name (rINN) for medicinal substances (
www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/pj-online-law-and-ethics-change-of-drug-names-from-bans-to-rinns/20011496.article
). In line with this, the drug name XXX has been changed to
YYY.
As glyburide is a US-named drug and may not be familiar to European
readers, it has been replaced by ‘… glibenclamide (known as
glyburide in the USA and Canada) … ’
Adrenaline/noradrenaline
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the official names used by EU
members, so have been used throughout, with
epinephrine/norepinephrine added in parentheses at first
mention.
Sacrificed vs killed
In line with the dictionary definitions, ‘sacrificed’ has been
changed to ‘killed’ (there was no ritual involved). Another
alternative would be ‘euthanised’.
Abstracts in commentaries
You may insert an unstructured abstract if you wish. Note that some
readers only have access to abstracts, not the full text, on
PubMed.
Abstract data not in main text
The data cited in your abstract appear to be taken directly from
the [figures/tables], and are not cited in the main Results
section. To make it clearer where the information comes from,
please include it at the relevant places in the Results section.
When doing this, please make sure that data are reported
consistently in the Abstract and Results, and to the same number of
decimal places.
qRT-PCR
RT-PCR is a standard abbreviation for ‘reverse transcription PCR’.
Please either use the abbreviation qPCR for quantitative real-time
PCR or, if the PCR involves reverse transcription, the abbreviation
qRT-PCR can be retained but this should be made clear when the
abbreviation is first defined.
[Delete as appropriate]
Please include brief affiliations for the people thanked in the
Acknowledgements section.
Please provide a brief affiliation
(University/Institute/Company/Organisation, town/city, state [for
USA, Canada, Australia] and country) for the person that assisted
you in the preparation/writing of the manuscript.
Funding
Please include a separate Funding section after your
Acknowledgements which details your sources of funding. Please
check with your coauthors that all funding sources have been
acknowledged, and that all relevant grant numbers are included.
Please note that certain funding agencies have specific
requirements regarding the acknowledgement of funding.
Where no specific funding was received, please insert the following
statement:
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in
the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Role of study sponsor or funder
The ICMJE uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to medical
journals state that authors should describe the role of the study
sponsor or funding source, if any, in study design; collection,
analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; and any
restrictions regarding the submission of the report for
publication, e.g. ‘The sponsor/funder provided editorial assistance
only.’, ‘The sponsor/funder was involved in study design and data
collection only’
If the sponsor/funder had no such involvement, the authors should
state ‘The study sponsor/funder was not involved in the design of
the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data;
writing the report; and did not impose any restrictions regarding
the publication of the report.’
Funding by UK research councils
All papers funded (in full or in part) by one of the UK’s Research
Councils, including the [MRC/BBSRC/ESRC/EPSRC/STFC] must comply
with the RCUK’s open access policy. Authors of papers to be
published in Diabetologia must select Springer’s Open Choice model
of publication. The paper will be published under the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which lets others modify,
build upon and/or distribute the licensed work (including for
commercial purposes) as long as the original author is
credited.
Funding by the NIHR
All papers funded by the NIHR must comply with the NIHR’s open
access policy. Authors of papers to be published in Diabetologia
must select Springer’s Open Choice model of publication. The paper
will be published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY)
license, which lets others modify, build upon and/or distribute the
licensed work (including for commercial purposes) as long as the
original author is credited.
Funding by the Wellcome Trust
To comply with the Wellcome Trust’s open access policy, authors of
Wellcome-funded papers to be published in Diabetologia must select
Springer’s Open Choice model of publication. The paper will then be
published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license,
which lets others modify, build upon and/or distribute the licensed
work (including for commercial purposes) as long as the original
author is credited.
[Copy-editors please note that for the majority of Wellcome-/NIHR-
or RCUK-funded papers, the Springer Compact agreement also applies,
as the corresponding author is based in the UK; instead, a shorter
AQ can be added below the Springer Compact AQ.]
Shorter Funding AQ [to add after Springer compact AQ]
Please note that, as your paper is funded by
[RCUK/MRC/NIHR/Wellcome], open access publication is a funding
requirement. [copy-editor please let EO know if funding is not
clear-cut, e.g. if one of the institutions is a minor funder, or
funds only one author – we will then tweak the AQ]
Springer Compact agreement
As the corresponding author for the manuscript is based at one of
the institutions with a Springer Compact agreement, this article
will qualify for free open access under a CC BY licence. See
www.springer.com/gp/open-access/springer-open-choice/springer-compact
for further details.
[Copy-editors please note that for the majority of Wellcome-/NIHR-
or RCUK-funded papers, the Springer Compact agreement also applies,
as the corresponding author is based in the UK; this can be added
as an additional paragraph below.]
Springer compact – authorship options
Springer Compact deals mean that papers can be published with open
access at no cost to the authors if the corresponding author/one of
the corresponding authors is at an eligible institution (see
https://www.springer.com/gp/open-access/springer-open-choice/springer-compact).
One or more of your co-authors is based at an eligible institution
but is not listed as the corresponding author on the paper, thus
your paper is not currently available for free open access.
You have the following options:
1. Do nothing. You may request open access publication, which will
incur an article processing charge (for fees see
https://www.springernature.com/de/open-research/journals-books/journals
).
2. If you feel it is appropriate you may add a second corresponding
author who is based at an eligible institution. S/he will receive
the copyright transfer email and proofs from Springer. (Proofs can
be forwarded to another co-author after receipt.) Your paper will
then be published with open access at no cost to yourself.
3. If appropriate, change the corresponding author on your paper to
the author/one of the authors based at an eligible institution.
Your paper will then be published with open access at no cost to
yourself.
If you would like to take up options 2 or 3 please include the
details of your co-author’s email address in your response to the
author query form, or in an email to us.
Contribution statement
The requirements of the International Committee of Medical Journal
Editors state that authorship credit should be based on:
(1) substantial contribution to conception and design, acquisition
of data, or analysis and interpretation of data;
(2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important
intellectual content;
and
(3) final approval of the version to be published.
Each of these three conditions must be met by each author.
Your contribution statement has been checked, but it is not clear
how XXX and XXX meet condition #1 (conception and design,
acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data), XXX
and XXX meet condition #2 (drafting or revising the article), and
XXX and XXX have not approved the final version.
Please could you check your contribution statement and amend as
necessary.
[To add if necessary]
Please identify in the contribution statement which author is
responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole.
Guarantor
In accordance with the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting,
Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (
ICMJE Recommendations 2013 ;
http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/), Diabetologia now identifies
who is responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole. The
guarantor accepts full responsibility for the work and/or the
conduct of the study, had access to the data, and controlled the
decision to publish. Please identify the author(s) who is guarantor
of this paper by stating at the end of your Contribution Statement
e.g. 'XX is responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole'
or 'XX is the guarantor of this work'.
Authors’ relationships and activities
Authors’ relationships and activities The authors declare that
there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be
perceived to bias, their work.
[NB Copy-editors: If author has included the previous standard
wording or a similar statement (e.g. ‘The authors declare that
there is no duality of interest associated with this manuscript’),
please replace with the wording above and inform them using the AQ
below]
The wording of the duality of interest section has been updated in
line with changes to author disclosures in the ICMJE
guidelines.
I note that [X] is listed in the affiliations as being employed by
[Y]. For completeness, please include this in the ‘Authors’
relationships and activities’ statement.
Research data policy
Diabetologia strongly encourages authors to make available to
readers all datasets on which the conclusions of the paper rely,
preferably by depositing datasets in publicly available
repositories or as part of the supplementary material (see
http://www.diabetologia-journal.org/instructionstoauthors.html#datapolicy).
Persistent identifiers (such as DOIs and accession numbers) for
relevant datasets must be provided in the paper. Datasets that are
assigned digital object identifiers (DOIs) by a data repository may
be cited in the reference list. Data citations should include:
authors, year, title, repository name, identifier.
Data availability
Please include a statement of data availability. This should
include information on where data supporting the results reported
in the article can be found (including, where applicable,
hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analysed or generated
during the study), or whether the data are available on request
from the authors or if no data are available. For examples of data
availability statements, including examples of openly available and
restricted access datasets, see
www.springernature.com/gp/group/data-policy/data-availability-statements.
Converting EndNote to plain text
To avoid losing changes made to your references during the editing
process, please convert your reference list to plain text prior to
sending your updated manuscript.
To do this:
2. Locate the ‘Bibliography’ section
3. Click ‘Convert Citations and Bibliography’
4. Click ‘Convert to Plain Text’
Alternatively, if EndNote is used to update the reference list (for
example if a new reference is added) please make sure changes made
at copy-editing are transferred manually to the new version.
[IF AUTHOR HAS TO MAKE CHANGES TO REFERENCES]:
If EndNote is used to update the reference list (for example if a
new reference is added) please make sure changes made at
copy-editing are transferred manually to the new version.
Author name/reference mismatch
Abstract or preprint out-of-date
Citations to abstracts and articles published on preprint servers
are only permissible if the abstract/preprint was published in 2021
or 2020. Please replace with details of a published paper. If this
is not possible, please cite as ‘unpublished results’ or
‘unpublished data’, listing all the authors and deleting this
reference (please remember to renumber the subsequent references in
the text and in the list). If the guarantor/principal investigator
of the study from which the unpublished data are taken is not
listed as an author of the present paper, we require their written
consent to cite the results. Please email a copy of this
confirmation directly to us.
[Note that out-of-date abstracts and preprints are permissible in
(1) systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and (2) where needed to
give context, for example when explaining the first time a new
method was described, rather than where the authors are relying on
data that are not yet fully published. In instance (2), please
highlight the reference for us to check.]
Reference in preparation/submitted
Reference to articles ‘in preparation’ or ‘submitted’ are not
permitted. Please delete these from the reference list and change
text citations to ‘unpublished results’ or ‘personal communication’
preceded by a list of contributors and their affiliations. Please
note that we require written consent to publication from the author
of the communication. Please email a copy of this confirmation
directly to us.
You state that reference no. [000] is ‘in press’.
If possible, please provide details (volume number, page range) or
the digital object identifier (DOI) number. If the DOI is not yet
available, we require written evidence that the paper has been
accepted. Please email a copy of this confirmation directly to
us.
Reference 000: Has this paper now been accepted for publication? If
so, please provide written confirmation of this from the journal
concerned.
If the paper has not been accepted, the paper should be cited as
'unpublished results' in the text (you will need to re-number
subsequent references in the text and in the reference list).
Please insert the names of the authors of the unpublished results.
For authors that are not listed as authors of the present paper, we
require written consent to cite their results. Please email a copy
of this confirmation directly to us.
ePub ahead of print
Please provide the DOI number, or the volume and page numbers if
they are now available.
Websites
Please give the date that the site was accessed
(day/month/year).
Cochrane reviews
The reference to a Cochrane review has been amended in line with
their recommendations (see www.cochrane.org/index.htm ).
FIGURES
Figure part labelling
[Delete as appropriate]
Journal style does not allow reference to ‘left panel’, ‘right
panel’, ‘upper panel’ or ‘lower panel’. As the panels in the figure
are clearly labelled, these terms have been deleted from the
legend.
To avoid reference to ‘left panel’, ‘right panel’, ‘upper panel’ or
‘lower panel’, in line with journal style, Figure X has been
relabelled [please add specific details].
Please change figure citations in the text to ensure that these new
figure parts are correctly cited, where appropriate.
Deletion of p values
p values have been deleted from the figure and the information
added to the legend.
Figures not cited in rising order
Figures should be cited in rising order in the text (they appear in
the order XXX). Please re-number or re-order figures as appropriate
and amend citations in the text if necessary.
Standard statistical notation
Please use standard statistical notation to indicate significance
(*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; usual order for symbols
for different comparisons is: *, †, ‡, §, ¶). Standard statistical
notation should still be defined in the figure legends for
completeness.
Explanation of statistical symbols
Please provide an explanation for the *, ** and *** symbols in the
legend. Please note that these symbols are reserved for *p<0.05,
**p<0.01, ***p<0.001, respectively. Alternative symbols can
be used in the order †, ‡, §, ¶, if needed; # and $ signs should
not be used.
[Copy-editors please note: some authors use the system *p≤0.05,
**p≤0.01, ***p≤0.001 – this is also OK, and the standard symbols
also apply. Please look out for inconsistencies – we quite often
see papers that have used both < and ≤ – this should be
consistent within a paper.]
Change of statistical symbols
Non-standard symbols to indicate significance have been replaced by
standard symbols in the legend and on the figure itself.
Standard statistical notation is *p<0.05, **p<0.01,
***p<0.001; usual order for symbols for different comparisons
is: *, †, ‡, §, ¶; # and $ signs should not be used.
Non-standard statistics (e.g. ***p<0.003)
Standard statistical notation is *p<0.05, **p<0.01,
***p<0.001; the following symbols can be used either for
different comparisons or for non-standard statistical levels: *, †,
‡, §, ¶; # and $ signs should not be used.
Please used standard statistical notation in preference, as this is
clearest, with different symbols for different comparisons if
needed, e.g. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 vs baseline;
†p<0.05, ††p<0.01, †††p<0.001 vs control.
If it is necessary to use a non-standard level, please use an
alternative symbol (not *), e.g. †p=0.02.
Reporting significance to ****p<0.0001
Journal policy does not generally allow use of the threshold
****p<0.0001. Please change ****p<0.0001 to ***p<0.001 in
tables and figures.
[If exact p values are given, or a lower p value threshold is used
without using the **** symbol, this is acceptable, as it is more
common in certain types of study.]
p values
Graph plotted on logarithmic scale
For figures plotted on a logarithmic scale, please state this in
the figure legend, including the logarithmic base used.
Data extending beyond axis
Please amend the y-axis so that the upper and/or lower value
exceeds the highest/lowest data points.
Irregular scale
The x-axis is not on a standard scale in that the intervals between
the numbers are not regular. Please update the graph so that the
intervals are uniform.
High resolution figures
Flow charts/schematics
If possible, please provide a version created in Word or Powerpoint
in which the text is editable. If this is not possible please send
a vector file (EPS, PDF or Adobe Illustrator) or a TIF file with a
resolution of 1200 dpi for black and white, or 600 dpi for
greyscale or colour.
Please provide your Word flow chart in a separate file from the
main text
If your figures were created or compiled in Excel, PowerPoint, or
Adobe Illustrator please send these files. Alternatively please
send EPS or PDF vector files. If this is not possible, please
supply TIF files saved at a resolution of 1200 dpi for black and
white graphs and 600 dpi for other (greyscale or colour) graphs,
composite images (mixture of line graphs and halftones) or
halftones (gels and micrographs). If the files are too large to
send by email please ask us for a link to enable you to upload them
directly to our server.
Forest plots
Please provide a new version of your forest plot (Fig. XXX) with
the following amendments:
[Choose from list]
Please include ‘et al’ with the author name (or the second author
name if there are only two authors).
Please include the year for each study (optional)
Please include reference citation numbers shown in square brackets
after the year of the study.
For example:
ADVANCE [23]
Individual data points rather than bars
Column scatter graphs rather than bars:
Please convert your bar charts so that they show individual data
points on the bars,
or are presented as column scatter graphs, with the mean and error
bars shown as lines.
y-axis values
Please amend the y-axis so that the upper and/or lower value exceed
the highest/lowest data points
n values
Please provide exact n values for numbers of samples for each
figure part, rather than, for example, n=3–6. [Only need to include
this query where the individual data points are not shown, for
example in line graphs]
For complex experiments including variable numbers of samples and
replicates, consider including this information in a table under
the x-axis [add link to styleguide when Fig. Uploaded] e.g.:
For complex experiments including variable numbers of samples and
replicates, consider including this information in a table in the
ESM and refer to the ESM in the figure legend. [add link to 17 1874
Reddy when online]
[List end]
Scale bars
Please add scale bars to the micrographs. Please add the bar only
to the figure, and give the size in the legend, e.g. ‘Scale bar, 10
μm’.
Graphical abstracts
Please could you make the following style changes to your graphical
abstract: XXX [copy-editors note that we request that authors make
any necessary changes – these are not done by the
typesetters]
Please limit the number of graphs in your graphical abstract to
one, and ensure that other information is included to put the graph
into context.
[Note to copy-editors: this only really applies to data graphs –
illustrative graphs are OK. Please highlight the query for us to
check if you are not sure].
Permissions to use figures or graphical abstracts
Please note that it is the authors’ responsibility to check whether
permission or an acknowledgement is required for any part of your
figures or graphical abstract. Images from illustration providers
(e.g. Servier Medical Art, Wikimedia Commons or BioRender) may need
to be accompanied by an acknowledgement of the source and/or may
require payment for the right to use the image or a licence to
publish. It is important to check the original source of images
found on other websites as licences may be required—this can often
be checked via google images. Figures/tables taken or adapted
from other published sources may require permission from the
publisher and/or author.
Please let us know if there are no acknowledgements required, just
so we know this point has been considered, and get in touch if you
need any more information.
Multimedia manuscripts
Manuscripts containing video material can be published as
multimedia manuscripts, and the videos can be embedded in the HTML
version of the article, although not in the PDF. The video files
would also be included as electronic supplementary material (ESM)
so that they are accessible to people downloading the PDF version.
This is a new initiative and is an alternative to publishing the
video files as ESM only.
Up to three videos per manuscript can be embedded, with the
following file requirements:
· Aspect ratio: 16:9 or 4:3 (please note that this needs to be
exact)
· Maximum file size 25 GB
· Minimum video duration: 1 sec
· Supported file formats: avi, wmv, mp4, mov, m2p, mp2, mpg, mpeg,
flv, mxf, mts, m4v, 3gp
· Video files should not contain anything that flashes more than
three times per second (so that users prone to seizures caused by
such effects are not put at risk)
If you wish your video files to be included in this way, please
ensure that these requirements are met, provide a video
title/caption, and indicate where in the manuscript the video files
should be embedded.
TABLES
Tables not cited in rising order
Tables should be cited in rising order in the text (they appear in
the order XXX). Please re-number or re-order tables as appropriate
and amend citations in the text if necessary.
Formatting changes
Some formatting changes have been made to the tables in line with
journal style. Cell size and font will be adjusted by the
typesetters to ensure optimal presentation.
Formatting (gridlines)
Please note that the typesetter will not print internal gridlines.
Please make any amendments necessary.
<Back to index>
Formatting (rows of space)
Please note that the typesetter will not print internal rows of
space. Please amend as necessary.
Formatting (bold type)
Please note that the typesetter will not print bold in the table.
Please amend as necessary, using footnotes if needed, for example
to indicate statistical significance. When doing this, please use
standard statistical notation (*p<0.05, **p<0.01,
***p<0.001; usual order for symbols for different comparisons
is: *, †, ‡, §, ¶) to indicate significance. [Alternatively, you
may agree that this is not necessary as the p values are given in
the table.]
[NB for copy-editors: this only needs to be raised where bold
formatting of data is used to indicate statistical significance or
something similar – we don’t need to raise this for bold in
headings or other general formatting changes as it can confuse the
authors. Please also note that bold needs to be taken out of tables
at copy-editing – the typesetters used to take it out
automatically, but that no longer appears to be the case.]
Large tables
[NB copy-editors: it is generally better to make these suggestions
to the authors first rather than doing too much work on
reformatting the table yourselves, as the authors may prefer to do
things differently.]
Large tables summarising information from different sources can
present problems in terms of layout, so it is important to consider
how best to set them out before we send them for typesetting.
Please consider the following ways of reducing the size of your
table:
· Reword the set-up and findings of the studies you report as brief
summaries. This will also help ensure consistency of wording across
the table. For example XXX
· Use abbreviations where appropriate, and define them in the table
footnotes if they have not been used elsewhere in the text.
Abbreviations that are not generally acceptable in the main text,
such as T2D, are allowed in tables, and are encouraged where space
is short. For example XXX
· Use footnotes to avoid having to repeat similar information
across cells. For example XXX
· For exceptionally wide tables, please consider whether some of
the columns could be removed from the version of the table to be
published in the main text; the unabridged table could then be
published as a supplementary file. For example XXX
Please make sure the entries in your table are ordered in the most
appropriate way (e.g. by date order or alphabetically) as it is
difficult to change the order of a table at the proof stage.
ESM files
Electronic supplementary material (ESM) will be published online as
received without any editorial changes. You are welcome to take
this opportunity to revise your ESM in the light of the
copy-editor’s changes and queries to ensure that the ESM is
consistent with the main text. In particular, please check the
following:
[Choose from list]
· Gene symbol styling is appropriate for mouse/rat vs human and
consistent with main text
· Protein abbreviations are correctly styled and consistent with
main text
· SI units are used throughout (e.g. mmol/l for plasma glucose,
pmol/l for plasma insulin, Bq for radiation, etc.)
· Abbreviations not used and defined in the main text are
explained
[List end]
[Choose from list/delete as appropriate]
Please supply your ESM [any replacement ESM] as a single pdf file,
with parts arranged in this order: ESM text (methods and results),
tables and figures [and finally lists of study group members, if
applicable].
[Certain large tables supplied as Excel files should still be
provided separately]
ESM will not undergo any copyediting and will be published online
exactly as supplied by the author so please do not include
highlighting in your amended version.
Please provide ESM figure legends on the same page as the
accompanying figure, where possible, rather than listing them
together.
Please ensure that each ESM part contains an identifying header
(e.g. ESM Fig. 1).
You may also wish to amend the titles of your ESM sections to be
consistent with the citations in the copy-edited text of your paper
(e.g. ESM Fig. 1).
Please ensure that the ESM tables and figures are cited in order in
the main text (i.e. ESM Table 1 should be cited before ESM Table 2,
but call outs to ESM tables can be interspersed with call outs to
ESM methods and/or ESM figures.)
If your study included the use of a questionnaire that is not
referenced and publicly available, please include the questionnaire
as ESM.
Excel files in ESM
If there is more than one Excel table please provide the tables in
the same Excel file, with each table on a separate worksheet within
the same file.
Excel files in ESM [raise this query where tables or lists of genes
are supplied as Excel files]
Please be aware that Excel software may inadvertently convert gene
symbols or other text to dates or numbers (for example the gene
symbol SEPT2 could be changed to date format). You may therefore
wish to check formatting of cells in your spreadsheet to avoid this
problem, or supply tab-delimited files as an alternative. See
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4994289/ for more information
on this.
Moving ESM data to a repository
The Editor has requested that the following data [insert details
here] be moved from the electronic supplementary material (ESM) to
a separate data repository. This should be cited at an appropriate
place in the text, or in your ‘Data availability section’ and
should be separate from the numbering of your ESM Tables/Figures.
Please renumber the remaining ESM in line with this change.
Duplication of ESM in repository
Please note that datasets published on your own servers or on
publicly archived data repositories should not be included with the
ESM, and should be cited and numbered separately from the ESM
documents, to avoid duplication. The URL to access these documents
should be provided in the data availability statement, and in
citations in the text if appropriate.
[List end]
Reply to comment, title
Reply to comment: Please use the title of the comment on your paper
as your title, followed by the authors of the comment and
‘[letter]’. For example ‘ … . Reply to White CH, Brown P
[Substitute appropriate names] [letter]
REVIEWS
Subheadings
Subheadings have been added to break up text/where believed to be
appropriate. Please note that these are purely suggestions and may
be amended as appropriate.
Figures to illustrator
Your figures and figure legends will be sent to our illustrator to
bring them into line with journal style.
However, prior to doing this, please [clarify/check changes
made]
Following your response, I will send the figure to our illustrator.
Please note that we may request some further changes to your
figures following this.
OR
Your figures and figure legends will be sent to our illustrator to
bring them into line with journal style. Please note that we may
request some further changes to your figures following this.
Permissions (use this version where whole figures have been adapted
or reproduced)
Figures/tables taken from previous publications must be accompanied
by either a statement (e.g. from RightsLink) giving permission to
Diabetologia for reproduction in print and electronic formats, or
details of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence (which
permits sharing and adaptation of another’s work providing the
original source is properly cited). Please note that permission is
usually required for publication of an adapted figure/table. It is
the responsibility of the submitting author to investigate whether
permission is needed and to pay any fees associated with obtaining
permission.
[NOT NEEDED IF AUTHORS HOLD COPY-RIGHT]
Alternative permissions query (use this version if it is less clear
whether permission is needed, or only for elements used in a
schematic)
Please note that it is the authors’ responsibility to check whether
permission or an acknowledgement is required for any part of your
figures or graphical abstract. Images from illustration providers
(e.g. Servier Medical Art, Wikimedia Commons or BioRender) may need
to be accompanied by an acknowledgement of the source and/or may
require payment for the right to use the image or a licence to
publish. It is important to check the original source of images
found on other websites as licences may be required—this can often
be checked via google images. Figures/tables taken or adapted
from other published sources may require permission from the
publisher and/or author.
Please let us know if there are no acknowledgements required, just
so we know this point has been considered, and get in touch if you
need any more information.
Permissions – figures created in BioRender
You note that the figure(s) was created using BioRender. Please
confirm that you have a licence to publish figures created using
BioRender.
If you do not currently have a license, there are two
choices:
1. You can obtain a license so that you can publish your version of
the figure(s). Please note that you would have to pay any costs
associated with this (see https://biorender.com/pricing/ ). Figures
created using BioRender should contain the following text in the
figure legend: ‘Created with BioRender.com’
If you have permission to publish your figure created in BioRender,
please make the following stylistic alterations in line with
journal style: XXX
2. You can redraw your figure using a different program.
Permissions – figures from Servier
The following permissions line has been added to your figures, in
line with journal requirements: This figure was created using
Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/). Servier Medical
Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 3.0 Unported License
Downloadable slide sets (reviews only)
We will produce a downloadable slide set of your figures that will
be published with your review as electronic supplementary material
(ESM).
Text box
A text box may be included in your review if you so wish. If this
is something you think your review would benefit from, please
inform me of the section/general topic that you would like the text
box to be related to and I will be happy to draft a text box up and
send it to you for your approval.
For a text-box example, please see
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00125-016-4106-1