THE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

(equal chances for minorities, for students with special needs,

with risk of social exclusion)Authors:Satiye & Şakir ERTUĞRUL

The Education of Disabled Students

If the students are disabled or if somebody has mental problems , they need to go to some special schools which has different and special education systems. There are special schools for:

• Deaf and half deaf students• Blind and half blind students• Students who have mental problems or mentally disabled.

Education Institution for the Disabled in Turkey

There are five schools for the blind. They are in Ankara , Gaziantep , İstanbul and İzmir.They have dormitories. They have two prep classes and five primary classes. In secondary part , they have normaly secondary school curriculum. 18 deaf schools have dormitories , too. They stay in dormitories. Apart from this, there are students who stay with their parents, not in dormitories .At the deaf school , students have two prep classes and 6 year-primary-education. Special skills are taught to the students.Counseling and Research Centre choose the students for these schools for special education.

Education for Mentally Disabled Children

In Turkey goverment opened some centres for these people.They can stay there forever.During days they can learn sewing and handcraft or they learn making , creating something. Teachers take them picnic or they are taken to swimming. They can learn single sport activities.These centres have dormitories so they stay there at nights.Their nurses and staffs look after them both day and night.

In these centres there are teachers who teach them body care, counting numbers and simple mathematic problems reading and writting, too.

The most important thing is to educate them to look after themselves without help.

The students who are educated at such education centres can work at Simple workshops to produce simple handcraft like sewing carpets or simple montages of some goods under the control of their teachers .

The Education of the Children who can’t adapt the Society

There are some children who have mental balance problems. Sometimes their balance may be corrupted because of the family relation. Some of these children can be aggressive or pessimistic and introverted. If they have serious problems psychiatrists , pedagolists and special educationists help them together in the special centres. If these children need medicine under the control of the doctors , they are given medicine or if they need therapy , it is given them by the specialists. In these special education centers, experts create relaxation place for from unhappy family atmosphere for these children. Specialists try to built sincere relations with these children. They are careful on preparing the school atmosphere helpful and sincere for the students.

The Education of the Children who are Physically Disabled

Some of these disabled children can go to normal schools with crutches or wheel chairs .They can share all activities by the help of modern devices and tools like special pens, special typewriters and special computers.

The Blind Children

We use Braille Alphabet which has some embossed spots for the blind.Blind children can read the books written with the Braille alphabet with their fingers. They can also write whatever they want with the Braille alphabet. They can have information using the speaking books. Now, they can use computer for their education. They use the embossed map , abacus and speaking calculator for the maths. They can learn to walk with the dog and stick.

The Deaf Students

If a student don’t hear, it means that he can’t speak, either. Because it prevents communication. The teacher have different ways to teach them. Students are taught looking at lips and triying to understand what they mean. They learn how to use their lips and begin to speak. They use body language, too. Galludet Collegue in Washington is the unique education institution in the world for the high school education.