AppliedBehavioural

Analysis

Presented by:

Wendy Braid

July 9, 2010

Common Characteristics

• Delay or abnormal functioning in social interaction, language used in social communication, or imaginative play

• Unusual patterns of behaviour, interests and activities

• Insistence on following routines

Ontario Ministry of EducationPPM 140 (2007)

• Principals are required to ensure that ABA methods are incorporated into the IEPs of students with ASD, where appropriate

Why use ABA for Students with Autism ?

Empirical evidence supports the use of

ABA

Applied Behavioural Analyses

Use ABA in school to teach:

Independence

Participation

Social Development

Applied Behaviour Analyses

Examines the relationship between the environment and behaviour:

Antecedent Behaviour Consequence

ABA

• Scientific approach to change behaviour by either increasing desirable skills or decreasing undesirable ones.

• Describes the intervention for behaviour change and measures the changes in a person’s behaviour.

Assessment and Data

Data collection : collecting student-specific information on academic or behavioural performance

Assessment systematically gathering information from a variety of sources, using a variety of techniques and tools. (Ministry of Education, 2005)

Also known as: Reviewing progress Gathering information

Determining strengths, needs, interests

Assessment and Data

You’re already doing it by…• Rubrics • Rating scales • Observation • Checklists • Anecdotal records • Student interviews• Self/peer evaluations.

ReinforcementThe presentation or removal of something immediately following a response/skill, which increases the likelihood that it will occur again.

Motivating students; “Catching” the student being good Praise

Reinforcement

You’re already doing it by…

Giving out stickers; Class treats;

Appointing “Star of the Day” Saying “Great Job!”

Prompting and Fading

Prompts are used to increase a desired response.

Fading is gradually reducing the prompt.

--Cues; Hints; Checklists; Scaffolding

Prompting and Fading

You ‘re already doing it by…

Providing a class schedule Reviewing checklists for essay writingShowing samples of completed work

Task Analysis

Breaking down a complex task into its smaller steps or components.

Also known as: Skill break down; Sequencing; Chunking

You’re already doing it by…Teaching the steps to essay writing; Following a recipe

Generalization

The process of taking one skill learned in one setting and applying it in other settings.

Known as transferring --using a learned skill in a different context; combining teaching targets

Generalization

You’re already doing it…

When you teach a geometry lesson and incorporate it into visual arts.

Reference• Central West School Support Program-Autism Spectrum Disorders,

ErinoakKids Centre for Treatment and Development, 2007. ABA For Educators, Mississauga.

• Ontario Ministry of Education (2007), Policy/Program Memorandum No. 140.