Avancemos 1Unit 1Lesson 2Describing PeopleDefinite & Indefinite ArticlesNoun/Adjective Agreement

Vocabulario

Vocabulario For each set of vocabulary words on our

list, we’ll ask two questions: ¿Qué sabes?

(What do you already know?) ¿Qué puedes adivinar?

(What can you guess?) Then we’ll work together to fill in the

ones we couldn’t guess.

Personality Traits (14) ¿Cómo eres? artístico(a) atlético(a) bueno(a) cómico(a) desorganizado(a) estudioso(a) inteligente malo(a) organizado(a) perezoso(a) serio(a) simpático(a) trabajador(a)

What are you like? Artistic Athletic Good Funny Disorganized Studious Intelligent Bad Organized Lazy Serious Kind Hard-working

Physical Traits (9) alto(a) bajo(a) bonito(a) grande guapo(a) joven (pl. jóvenes)

pelirrojo(a) pequeño(a) viejo(a)

Tall Short Pretty Big Good-looking /

handsome Young Red-haired Small Old

Articles These four words

mean “the”

El La

Los Las

These two words mean “a”

These two words mean “some”

Un Una

Unos Unas

Hair and Eye Color (8) Tengo... Tiene...

pelo rubio pelo castaño

pelo negro ojos azules ojos castaños ojos verdes

I have… He / She has…

Blonde hair Brown hair Black hair Blue eyes Brown eyes Green eyes

People (6) el amigo/ la amiga el chico / la chica el estudiante / la

estudiante el hombre la mujer la persona

Friend Boy / Girl Student Man Woman Person

Other Words & Phrases (4) muy un poco porque todos (as)

Very A little Because All / Every

Cultural Note: Adjectives Most adjectives in Spanish end in O

when you see them on a vocabulary list or in the dictionary. But the ending can switch to an A or OS or AS depending on the noun that is being described.

Definite & Indefinite Articles

Big Ideas: Nouns Nouns are people, places and things. In Spanish, all nouns are either

masculine or feminine. All nouns are also either singular or

plural depending on how many there are.

Big Ideas: Gender Normally, nouns that end in ‘o’ are

masculine and words that end in ‘a’ are feminine.

If we are talking about a group of people that has males and females, we use the masculine plural version as the default.

Definite Articles When you learn a noun or see it in the

dictionary, it will have a definite article. These words mean “the.”

Masculine

Feminine

Singular EL LA

Plural LOS LAS

Definite Article Practice Are these words masculine or feminine?

Singular or plural?

1. La chica2. Las clases3. El estudiante4. Los amigos

Definite Article Practice Are these words masculine or feminine?

Singular or plural?

1. La chica FEMININE, SINGULAR2. Las clases FEMININE, PLURAL3. El estudiante MASCULINE,

SINGULAR4. Los amigos MASCULINE, PLURAL

Indefinite Articles If you are talking about nouns, you

might use the word “a” or “some” instead. That’s called an indefinite article.

Masculine

Feminine

Singular UN UNA

Plural UNOS UNAS

Article Practice What do these phrases mean?

1. La chica2. Unas clases3. Un estudiante4. Los amigos

Article Practice What do these phrases mean?

1. La chica THE GIRL2. Unas clases SOME CLASSES3. Un estudiante A STUDENT4. Los amigos THE FRIENDS

Noun/Adjective Agreement

Big Ideas: Adjectives Adjectives are words that describe

nouns (big, tall, kind, difficult). In Spanish, we put adjectives AFTER

nouns in a sentence. In Spanish, adjectives have to match the

noun it describes in gender and number.

More Big Ideas: Agreement If an adjective ends in ‘o,’ you can

switch it to an ‘a’ to make it feminine. If an adjective ends in a vowel, you add

an ‘s’ to make it plural. If an adjective ends in a consonant, you

add an ‘es’ to make it plural.

Adjectives So most adjectives in Spanish actually

have 4 versions:

“GOOD” Masculine

Feminine

Singular BUENO BUENA

Plural BUENOS BUENAS

Adjective Practice What do these phrases mean?

1. La chica alta THE TALL GIRL2. Unas clases buenas THE GOOD

CLASSES3. Un estudiante serio A SERIOUS

STUDENT4. Los amigos jóvenes THE YOUNG

FRIENDS

Your Turn How would you say these phrases in

Spanish?

1. The big class2. A tall boy3. Some old men4. The young woman

Your Turn How would you say these phrases in

Spanish?

1. The big class LA CLASE GRANDE2. A tall boy UN CHICO ALTO3. Some old men UNOS HOMBRES

VIEJOS4. The young woman LA MUJER JOVEN

Ser If you want to make a sentence

describing someone with an adjective, you need the verb SER.

SINGULAR FORMS

PLURAL FORMS

Yo SOY Nosotros/as SOMOS

Tú ERES Vosotros/os SOIS

Él/ella/usted ES Ellos/ellas/ustedes SON

Full Sentences Use a form of ser and matching adjectives

to make these sentences.

1. I am big.2. She is tall.3. We are old (m&f).4. The girls are serious.

Full Sentences Use a form of ser and matching adjectives to

make these sentences.

1. I am big. YO SOY GRANDE.2. She is tall. ELLA ES ALTA.3. We are old (m&f). NOSOTROS SOMOS VIEJOS.4. The girls are serious. LAS CHICAS SON

SERIAS.